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(DIN ISO 10209-4:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102056"},{"id":102057,"arabic":"مخطط","english":"diagram","french":"schéma [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102057"},{"id":102058,"arabic":"خَزَّان هَضْم","english":"digester / digestion tank","french":"digesteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102058"},{"id":102059,"arabic":"تقليل","english":"diminution; decrease","french":"réduction [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102059"},{"id":102060,"arabic":"تَكْلِفَة مُباشرة (تَكْلِفَة إنشاء)","english":"direct cost (construction cost)","french":"coût, direct (chantier) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102060"},{"id":102061,"arabic":"مَصْرِف مباشِر","english":"direct discharger","french":"inducteur direct  [m.]","description":"المنشآت التي تُصرّف مياه الصرف الصحي إلى المسطحات المائية مباشرةً بعد مُعالجتها داخل المُنشأة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102061"},{"id":102062,"arabic":"إرشاد","english":"direction / instruction","french":"instruction de service [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102062"},{"id":102063,"arabic":"إذْن تصريف","english":"discharge consent; discharge permit","french":"autorisation de rejet [f.]; permis de déversement [m.]","description":"تصريح رسمي لدخول مياه الصرف في تجهيزة مُخصصة لاستقبالها أو في قناة لمياه الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102063"},{"id":102064,"arabic":"منحني تصريف","english":"discharge curve; flow curve","french":"courbe de décharge [f.]; courbe de débit [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102064"},{"id":102065,"arabic":"سِجِلّ التصاريف","english":"discharge register","french":"registre des débits [m.]","description":"سجل تُدوّن به بيانات التصاريف المارة في قطاعات معينة من مجرى مائي (كل ساعة أو يومياً أو شهرياً .. إلخ) وكذلك عند مواقع التحكم في شبكات الري والصرف (الهدّارات ومحطات قياس التصاريف .. إلخ).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102065"},{"id":102066,"arabic":"مُنشَأَة المأخذ","english":"discharging equipment","french":"installation de prélèvement [f.]","description":"عملية لحساب الاستهلاك بصفة دورية للمواد وأجزاء الأنظمة التي يمتد استخدامها لعدة فترات اقتصادية. ويتم توزيع قيمة هذه المواد والأجزاء على فترة الاستخدام، ولا يُراعى في ذلك سوى نصيب الاستهلاك لكل فترة على حدة (الاستهلاك القيمي الدوري). ومن عناصر القياس لحساب الاستهلاك (على سبيل المثال): البلى، وحقوق الاستخدام. وتنطلق حسابات الاستهلاك القائمة على الموازنات والدفاتر الحسابية من تكاليف التوريد والإنتاج. وبالنسبة لحسابات الاستهلاك القائمة على العمليات الحسابية فينبغي أن تنطلق - طالما كان ذلك في الإطار القانوني المسموح - من تكاليف الإحلال.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102066"},{"id":102067,"arabic":"قطاع","english":"district (of a town, etc.)","french":"quartier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102067"},{"id":102068,"arabic":"مجال (تخصّص شركة)","english":"division","french":"service (société) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102068"},{"id":102069,"arabic":"خَلْفيّ","english":"downstream","french":"en aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102069"},{"id":102070,"arabic":"مَصْرِف مدفون","english":"drain, buried / drain, covered / drain, subsurface / underdrain","french":"drain d’assèchement souterrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102070"},{"id":102071,"arabic":"تبطين كثيف بتربة تم دكُّها","english":"earth lining, compacted","french":"revêtement de terre, compacté [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102071"},{"id":102072,"arabic":"دِراسة الأثر البيئيّ ومراقبته لأنشطة الشركات والمصانع","english":"eco-audit","french":"écobilan [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102072"},{"id":102073,"arabic":"تَوازُن (ال..) البيئي","english":"eco-balance","french":"balance écologique [f.]","description":"تجميع وتقييم الآثار البيئية لمُنتج ما أو نظام إنتاجي، مع مُراعاة العائدات المادية والحيوية، بدءاً من تاريخ التصنيع وحتى التخلّص منها أو إعادة تدويرها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102073"},{"id":102074,"arabic":"كفاية اقتصادية","english":"economical efficiency","french":"rentabilité économique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102074"},{"id":102075,"arabic":"اقتصاد","english":"economy","french":"économie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102075"},{"id":102076,"arabic":"طريقة التنفيذ","english":"embodiment","french":"mode d'application","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102076"},{"id":102077,"arabic":"تشغيل طارئ","english":"emergency operation","french":"exploitation en cas d’urgence [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102077"},{"id":102078,"arabic":"مُهندس استشاريّ","english":"engineer, consulting","french":"ingénieur-conseil [m.]","description":"مُهندس مُستقل يتعاقد معه العميل على تخطيط نظام كامل أو أجزاء منه و/ أو الإشراف على الأعمال الإنشائية. والمُهندس الاستشاريّ يمكن أن يُساعد العميل في إعداد جميع وثائق المُناقصة أو أجزاء منها، إضافة إلى مراقبة الأعمال الإنشائية، ومُتابعة مواعيد مراحل العمل والتكاليف. وفي مجال معالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ، يجب أن يكون لدى المهندس الاستشاريّ خبرة عميقة في تصميم محطات المُعالجة وكذلك طريقة تشغيلها. وفي بعض الدول يلتزم المُهندس الاستشاريّ بتقديم شهادات وتصاريح معينة للقيام بهذه الأعمال. (انظر: [مكتب هندسيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102079)) (DIN EN 12255-11:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102078"},{"id":102079,"arabic":"مكتب هندسيّ","english":"engineering office / consulting engineer","french":"bureau d'ingénieurs [m.] / ingénieur-conseil [m.]","description":"(انظر: [مُهندس استشاريّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102078))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102079"},{"id":102080,"arabic":"عِلم الهندسة","english":"engineering science","french":"ingénierie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102080"},{"id":102081,"arabic":"تقييم الأثر البِيئيّ","english":"environmental impact assessment","french":"étude de l'impact sur l'environnement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102081"},{"id":102082,"arabic":"حِماية البِيئة","english":"environmental protection","french":"protection de l'environnement [f.]","description":"إعلان يتم فيه توضيح الحمولة القياسية وكمية التدفق القياسية، وكذلك وصف لموقع المُنشأة المُخطط مُسبقاً، ومُتطلبات التصريف الأساسية، وكذلك المُتطلبات الأخرى كذلك. مُلاحظة: يقوم المُقاول العام بتخطيط المُنشأة طبقاً للمُتطلبات والخطط التي وضعها العميل مُسبقاً (مع الاستعانة بمهندس استشاريّ عند الضرورة)، ويقوم بتقديم عروض لبناء المُنشأة كاملةً مع كافة الضمانات. كما يكون المُقاول العام – الموكل بتنفيذ العقد – مسئولاً عن بناء المُنشأة وتشغيلها، وكذلك يكون مسؤولاً عن احتواء المُنشأة على المُتطلبات المنصوص عليها في أوراق المُزايدة (تسليم على المفتاح). (انظر: [تحديد برنامج لأعمال إنشائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102107)) (DIN EN 12255-11: 2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102082"},{"id":102083,"arabic":"تقييم","english":"evaluation","french":"évaluation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102083"},{"id":102084,"arabic":"مِعيار التَقْيِيم","english":"evaluation criterion","french":"critère de jugement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102084"},{"id":102085,"arabic":"موجه بالحدث أوتوماتياً","english":"event-controlled","french":"événement contrôlé [m.]","description":"في مجال تكنولوجيا التحكم والتشغيل الآليّ، على سبيل المثال وظيفة التحكم الإشرافيّ وتحصيل البيانات (SCADA) والتي تعتمد في عملها على حدث، أيّ على إشارة ثنائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102085"},{"id":102086,"arabic":"دَلِيل","english":"evidence; proof","french":"preuve [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102086"},{"id":102087,"arabic":"فَحْص","english":"examination; investigation","french":"examen [m.]; étude [f.]; analyse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102087"},{"id":102088,"arabic":"تنفيذ","english":"execution","french":"exécution [f.] / réalisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102088"},{"id":102089,"arabic":"تنفيذ","english":"execution; implementation","french":"traversée [f.]","description":"يُقصد به هنا تطبيق وإتمام إجراءات معينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102089"},{"id":102090,"arabic":"سلطة تنفيذية","english":"executive authority","french":"autorité exécutive[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102090"},{"id":102091,"arabic":"خِبْرة","english":"experience","french":"expérience [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102091"},{"id":102092,"arabic":"استغلال","english":"exploitation / provision of services","french":"exploitation [f.] / aménagement [m.] / viabilisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102092"},{"id":102093,"arabic":"خَطَرُ الانفجار","english":"explosion hazard","french":"risque d’explosion [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102093"},{"id":102094,"arabic":"مَدى (نطاق)","english":"extent; range; area; scope","french":"étendue (zone) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102094"},{"id":102095,"arabic":"مزرعة","english":"farm holding","french":"exploitation agricole [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102095"},{"id":102096,"arabic":"دِراسة الجدوى","english":"feasibility study","french":"étude de faisabilité [f.] / étude de réalisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102096"},{"id":102097,"arabic":"إشارة مرجعية","english":"file number / reference number","french":"référence du dossier [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102097"},{"id":102098,"arabic":"شهادة الإتمام","english":"final certificate","french":"certificat final [m.]","description":"مُستند يُثْبِت الخلو من العيوب عن طريق فَحْص نهائيّ يُجرى بعد الانتهاء من كافة الأعمال والإنجازات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102098"},{"id":102099,"arabic":"موارد مالية","english":"finances","french":"finances [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102099"},{"id":102100,"arabic":"مَجرى وَمْضيّ","english":"flashy stream","french":"fleuve à régime de crue rapide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102100"},{"id":102101,"arabic":"غَمْر","english":"flood; flooding; inundation","french":"inondation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102101"},{"id":102102,"arabic":"تقليص الدفق","english":"flow balancing","french":"ralentissement du débit","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102102"},{"id":102103,"arabic":"تَدفُّق غير مُنتظِم","english":"flow, non-uniform","french":"courant irrégulier [m.]","description":"اختبار فحص يُجريه المُصنّع على الأنابيب أو الأجزاء والوصلات الخاصة بها، بما يكفل ضمان الجودة طبقاً للمواصفات القياسية. الصيغة المُختصرة: BRT. (DIN 4262-1:2009)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102103"},{"id":102104,"arabic":"تصريف (عملية)","english":"flow; runoff","french":"écoulement [m.]; émissaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102104"},{"id":102105,"arabic":"تنبؤ","english":"forecast","french":"pronostic [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102105"},{"id":102106,"arabic":"توقُّع","english":"forecast","french":"prévision [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102106"},{"id":102107,"arabic":"تحديد برنامج لأعمال إنشائية","english":"functional tender","french":"appel d'offre sur performances [m.]","description":"مُناقصة يتم فيها تحديد الحمولات والمُدخلات القياسية، وتوصيف الموقع المُقرر للمُنشأة المعنية، وكذلك المُتطلبات الأساسية لبدء الأعمال، والمُتطلبات الإضافية الأخرى. ملحوظة: يقوم المُقاولون العموميون بتخطيط الموقع والمُنشأة بناءً على المُتطلبات والخطط التي تُحددها الجهة الموكلة بتنفيذ هذه الأعمال (وقد يتم ذلك أيضاً تحت إشراف مُهندس استشاري)، كما يقومون بتقديم عروضهم للمُنشأة بأكملها مع كافة الضمانات. ويكون المُقاول العمومي الذي يحصل على هذا التكليف مسؤولاً عن أعمال البناء وتشغيل المُنشأة، وكذلك عن إيفاء المُنشأة للمُتطلبات المُقررة في مُستندات المُناقصة (تسليم المُنشأة جاهزةً للتشغيل والعمل الفعلي بها مُباشرةً). (انظر: [طلب عرض وظيفي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105084)) (DIN EN 12255-11:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102107"},{"id":102108,"arabic":"غاز","english":"gas","french":"gaz [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102108"},{"id":102109,"arabic":"غازِيّ","english":"gaseous","french":"gazeux","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102109"},{"id":102110,"arabic":"شامِل","english":"general / global / overall / lump sum","french":"forfaitaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102110"},{"id":102111,"arabic":"مُقاوِل عامّ","english":"general contractor","french":"entrepreneur général [m.]","description":"مقاول يتولى - بشكل كامل - تنفيذ بناء مُنشأة أو جزء من مُنشأة بحيث تكون جاهزة للتسليم. ملحوظة:  تكون لدى  المُقاول العام (الرئيسي) معرفة وتجارب كافية حول مناطق وتصميمات وتخطيط وبناء وتشغيل محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 12255-11:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102111"},{"id":102112,"arabic":"قواعد تكنولوجية عامة مُعترف بها","english":"generally accepted/acknowledged rules of technology","french":"règle générale reconnue en matière de technique [f.]","description":"ثبتت  في قانون البيئة فاعلية المواصفات المُستخدمة في التطوير التكنولوجي لطريقة ما في المُمارسة العملية. و توصف في ألمانيا وفقاً للقواعد الخاصة بالجمعيات المهنية الهندسية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102112"},{"id":102113,"arabic":"الجمعية الألمانية لعلوم المياه ومياه الصرف الصحيّ والمخلفات (DWA) (سابقاً: ATV, ATV-DVWK)","english":"German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste (DWA) (formerly ATV, ATV-DVWK)","french":"association allemande de gestion des eaux, des eaux usées et des déchets (DWA) (anciennement ATV, ATV-DVWK) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102113"},{"id":102114,"arabic":"قيمة مستهدفة","english":"given value / nominal value / rated value / reference value","french":"valeur de consigne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102114"},{"id":102115,"arabic":"مساحة إجمالية (المنطقة بأكملها)","english":"gross area","french":"superficie globale","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102115"},{"id":102116,"arabic":"اتحاد شركات","english":"group / concern (business) / corporate group","french":"groupe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102116"},{"id":102117,"arabic":"خط إرشاديّ","english":"guide / guideline","french":"directive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102117"},{"id":102118,"arabic":"خط إرشاديّ","english":"guide / guideline (advice) / guideline / outline","french":"Guide","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102118"},{"id":102119,"arabic":"خَطَر","english":"hazard; danger","french":"risque [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102119"},{"id":102120,"arabic":"رِعاية صِحية","english":"health care","french":"soins de santé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102120"},{"id":102121,"arabic":"رافعة","english":"Hoisting machine","french":"engin de levage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102121"},{"id":102122,"arabic":"نِظام ضغْط مُشغَّل هيدرولياً","english":"hydraulically pressurized system","french":"réseau sous pression hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102122"},{"id":102123,"arabic":"مَحطَّة توليد القدرة (الطاقة) الكهْرومائية","english":"hydroelectric power house / power house building","french":"centrale hydroélectrique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102123"},{"id":102124,"arabic":"هيئة الشؤون الهِيدْرولوجِية","english":"hydrological service","french":"service hydrologique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102124"},{"id":102125,"arabic":"تأثير البِيئة","english":"impact on the environment","french":"impact sur l'environnement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102125"},{"id":102126,"arabic":"تَحْسين","english":"improvement / optimisation","french":"optimisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102126"},{"id":102127,"arabic":"منحدر صاعد","english":"increase / rise / upgrade","french":"montée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102127"},{"id":102128,"arabic":"زيادة","english":"increase; propagation","french":"accroissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102128"},{"id":102129,"arabic":"تَعْلِيمات","english":"information / instruction / notice","french":"indication","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102129"},{"id":102130,"arabic":"ساكِن","english":"inhabitant; resident","french":"habitant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102130"},{"id":102131,"arabic":"اختبار النُموذَج الأوليّ","english":"initial type testing (ITT)","french":"contrôle de premier type [m.]","description":"اختبارات يتم من خلالها التحقق من مواءمة مُتطلبات عينات المُنتجات، التي تُعد نموذجاً لنوع المُنتج. الاختصار: ITT","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102131"},{"id":102132,"arabic":"جَناح المدخل","english":"inlet wing wall / upstream wing wall","french":"mur en aile à l’entrée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102132"},{"id":102133,"arabic":"راقَبَ","english":"inspect (to) / supervise (to)","french":"surveiller","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102133"},{"id":102134,"arabic":"فحص","english":"inspection","french":"contrôle [m.] / inspection [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102134"},{"id":102135,"arabic":"تَفْتِيش","english":"inspection / survey","french":"visite [f.] / inspection [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102135"},{"id":102136,"arabic":"تفتيش بالمتغيرات","english":"inspection by variables","french":"contrôle par mesures [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102136"},{"id":102137,"arabic":"مُراقبة دائِمة","english":"inspection, continuous","french":"surveillance, permanente [f.]","description":"مُراقبة مُستمرة تُجرى وفقاً لخطة فحص مُحكمة، حيث تهدف إلى التأكد من الوصول إلى الحالة أو المستوى المطلوب من الجودة ومن الوفاء بالمعايير المنصوص عليها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102137"},{"id":102138,"arabic":"مُخطَّط التوصيلات والتركيبات","english":"installation diagram","french":"schéma de circuit [m.]","description":"رسم تخطيطي يوضح، على سبيل المثال، مواضع مُكوّنات التركيبات الكهربائية، والتوصيلات الرابطة بينها. (انظر: مُخطَّط التركيب والتوصيل) (DIN ISO 10209-4:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102138"},{"id":102139,"arabic":"مُخطَّط التركيب والتوصيل","english":"installation diagram","french":"schéma de circuit [m.]","description":"(انظر: مُخطَّط التوصيلات والتركيبات)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102139"},{"id":102140,"arabic":"مَعهَد","english":"institution","french":"institut [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102140"},{"id":102141,"arabic":"مُؤسَّسَة","english":"institution / organisation (association)","french":"institution [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102141"},{"id":102142,"arabic":"مُنظَّمة","english":"institution / organisation (association) / organisation (arrangement) / set-up","french":"organisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102142"},{"id":102143,"arabic":"إرشاد","english":"instruction / directive","french":"instruction [f.]","description":"الثوابت التي يتم العمل على أساسها ، على سبيل المثال: إرشادات التشغيل، إرشادات العمل، الإرشادات التنفيذية الموحّدة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102143"},{"id":102144,"arabic":"إدارة مُتكاملة لشبكة الصرف","english":"integrated sewer system management","french":"gestion de canaux intégrale [f.]","description":"إدارة تنسيقية بين عمليات تخطيط وقياس وبناء وتشغيل وصيانة جميع منظومات وقنوات الصرف الصحيّ في مُستجمع الصرف، مع أخذ كافة النواحي الأدائية في الاعتبار. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102144"},{"id":102145,"arabic":"سُوق داخلية","english":"internal market","french":"marché intérieur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102145"},{"id":102146,"arabic":"جَرْد","english":"inventory","french":"inventaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102146"},{"id":102147,"arabic":"بَيانات الجَرد","english":"inventory data","french":"données d’inventaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102147"},{"id":102148,"arabic":"برنامج اِستقصائيّ","english":"investigation programme","french":"programme d’analyse [m.]","description":"برنامج لتحديد نطاق الفحوص اللازمة. ولمُعالجة المسائل الهيدرولوجية. وهذا البرنامج يشمل على سبيل المثال تحديد شبكة وبرنامج القياس، ورصد البيانات ومُعالجتها، وعمليات التقييم وما شابه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102148"},{"id":102149,"arabic":"استثمار","english":"investment","french":"investissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102149"},{"id":102150,"arabic":"تكاليف المُنشأة","english":"investment costs / prime costs","french":"frais d'établissement [m.] / frais d'installation [m.]","description":"تكاليف الإنشاء (تكاليف التشييد) التي تتكوّن من مجموع قيمة الأرض، وقيمة البناء وتكاليف البناء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102150"},{"id":102151,"arabic":"اعلان طَلَب عَرْض","english":"invitation to tender","french":"appel d'offres [m.]","description":"مُستند يكون بمثابة دعوة مُقدمة إلى شركات تم اختيارها لتقديم عروض أسعار، أو يكون عبارة عن إخطار (إشعار) يقوم المُزايد بعرضه من أجل تنفيذ أعمال مُحددة. (DIN ISO 10209-4:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102151"},{"id":102152,"arabic":"تَقْدِير","english":"judgment","french":"jugement [m.]","description":"تقدير التأثيرات التي تحدث في الحالات الفردية على الموارد الطبيعية المحمية، مع توضيح الأسباب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102152"},{"id":102153,"arabic":"تَقِييم مَعْمَليِّ","english":"laboratory assessment","french":"évaluation d'un laboratoire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102153"},{"id":102154,"arabic":"مَعْهَد مُخْتَبَرات","english":"laboratory institute","french":"institut de laboratoire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102154"},{"id":102155,"arabic":"شبكة الصرف الصحيّ (لقطعة أرض خاصة)","english":"land drainage","french":"drainage du terrain [m.]","description":"شبكة من الأنابيب والأجزاء المُلحقة لنقل مياه الصرف و/أو مياه الأمطار (من قطعة أرض خاصة) إلى حُفرة صرف أو شبكة الصرف الصحيّ أو تجهيزة أخرى للتصريف. (DIN EN 13508-2:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102155"},{"id":102156,"arabic":"تكاليف الطمر","english":"landfilling costs (pl.)","french":"coûts d'élimination (pl.) [m.]; coûts de mise en décharge (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102156"},{"id":102157,"arabic":"خطة مُصاحبة لتجميل منطقة المشروع","english":"landscape conservation support plan","french":"plan d’accompagnement d' aménagement du paysage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102157"},{"id":102158,"arabic":"خَرِيطة الموقع","english":"layout drawing / location plan","french":"dessin d'implantation [m.] / dessin d'agencement [m.]","description":"رسم تخطيطي يوضح المساحات المبنية والمُنشآت والأبنية وكذلك الحيوز المُختلفة ووحدات البناء أو التجهيزات والوحدات الفردية. (DIN ISO 10209-4:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102158"},{"id":102159,"arabic":"ريّ بطريقة الأخاديد الحقلية","english":"level impoundment furrows","french":"mise en eau par rigoles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102159"},{"id":102160,"arabic":"رخصة (للتوثيق)","english":"licence (for certification)","french":"licence (en matière de certification) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102160"},{"id":102161,"arabic":"حَدُّ السُيولة","english":"liquid limit","french":"limite d’écoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102161"},{"id":102162,"arabic":"بَرْنَامَج التشغيل","english":"loading schedule","french":"plan d’utilisation à plein [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102162"},{"id":102163,"arabic":"مَوقِع","english":"location / status / position","french":"situation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102163"},{"id":102164,"arabic":"ضَياع يمكن تجنُّبه","english":"loss, avoidable","french":"perte, évitable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102164"},{"id":102165,"arabic":"صِيانة","english":"maintenance","french":"entretien [m.]","description":"الإجراءات الروتينية التي تضمن الكفاءة المُستدامة لشبكة الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102165"},{"id":102166,"arabic":"صِيانة ومراقبة تشغيلية","english":"maintenance and surveillance, operational","french":"maintenance et surveillance en cours d'exploitation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102166"},{"id":102167,"arabic":"إدارة أعمال الصيانة على المجاري المائية","english":"maintenance area / maintenance depot","french":"atelier spécialisé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102167"},{"id":102168,"arabic":"دِفْتر صِيانة الماكينات والمضخات","english":"maintenance register for machines and pumps","french":"fichiers de maintenance pour les machines et les pompes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102168"},{"id":102169,"arabic":"إدارة","english":"management","french":"exploitation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102169"},{"id":102170,"arabic":"إدارة (مجال الإدارة)","english":"management (admin.)","french":"direction (adm.) 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(DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102350"},{"id":102351,"arabic":"اتّفاق أحاديّ الجانب","english":"unilateral arrangement","french":"arrangement unilatéral [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102351"},{"id":102352,"arabic":"عامِل الاستفادة","english":"utilisation factor","french":"facteur d'utilisation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102352"},{"id":102353,"arabic":"خدمات المرافق","english":"utility services","french":"service utilité [m.]","description":"تجهيزات لخدمة المُستهلكين وكذلك المُنشآت الصناعية والتي منها على سبيل المثال: منشآت توصيل الغاز، والكهرباء، وخدمات الهاتف، وشبكات محطات التلفاز، وشبكات المياه. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102353"},{"id":102354,"arabic":"فترة الصلاحية","english":"validity period","french":"période de validité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102354"},{"id":102355,"arabic":"قِيمة","english":"value","french":"valeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102355"},{"id":102356,"arabic":"تَحقُّق من المُلاءمة","english":"verification of conformity","french":"vérification de la conformité [f.] / justificatif de conformité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102356"},{"id":102357,"arabic":"إصدار","english":"version","french":"version [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102357"},{"id":102358,"arabic":"إعادة استخدام الحرارة المُتبددة","english":"waste heat utilisation","french":"utilisation de la chaleur résiduelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102358"},{"id":102359,"arabic":"خطة التخلّص من مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater disposal scheme / waste water disposal plan","french":"plan d'évacuation des eaux résiduaires [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102359"},{"id":102360,"arabic":"مُخطط مياه الصرف الصحيّ في مجرى مائيّ","english":"wastewater load plan","french":"plan de charge en eaux usées [m.]","description":"مُخطط تتمثل وظيفته في قياس وتوضيح نسبة مياه الصرف الصحي في نهر ما، أو في جُزء مُعين منه، حيث تُقاس نسبة المواد العضوية، مع أخذ نسبة استهلاك واستقبال المياه للأكسجين في الاعتبار. ويُظهر العرض التوضيحي للمُخطط في المُعتاد الاحتياج الحيوي للأكسجين خلال 5 أيام (مُنشآة صناعية أو تجارية أو كل ساكن لكل لتر في الثانية من تدفق التيار المائي).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102360"},{"id":102361,"arabic":"إحصائيات مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater statistics","french":"statistique relative aux eaux résiduaires [f.]","description":"إحصائيات تُعد أساساً لتحديد الاستثمارات المطلوبة للحدّ من تلوّث المياه، حيث يتم جمع البيانات الخاصة بنسب مياه الصرف الصحي الصادرة عن المناطق السكنية والمُنشآت التجارية والصناعية، ومن ثم يجرى تحليلها وتقييمها إحصائياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102361"},{"id":102362,"arabic":"رسوم الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater taxes","french":"taxes d'égouts / taxes sur les eaux usées [f.]","description":"رسوم تُفرض في المُدن والبلديات الألمانية على استخدام مُنشآت الصرف الصحي، حيث تُستخدم هذه الأموال في تغطية نفقات تشغيل هذه المُنشآت. وتُحسب رسوم الصرف الصحي بناءً على استهلاك المياه (لكل متر مُكعب). وبالنسبة للمياه المُلوّثة ومياه الأمطار فتوجد رسوم صرف صحي تُحصّل على حدة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102362"},{"id":102363,"arabic":"مقنن مائيّ اقتصاديّ","english":"water duty, economic","french":"fourniture d’eau, économique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102363"},{"id":102364,"arabic":"مُختَبَر (معمل) مياه محمول","english":"water laboratory, portable","french":"laboratoire hydrométrique, portable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102364"},{"id":102365,"arabic":"مخطط مناسيب المياه","english":"water level diagram / water surface curve","french":"ligne de niveau d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102365"},{"id":102366,"arabic":"مُقنَّن مائيّ","english":"water rate / water charge / water duty","french":"fourniture d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102366"},{"id":102367,"arabic":"مركز أبحاث المياه (WRC، المملكة المتحدة)","english":"Water Research Centre (WRC, Stevenage, UK)","french":"Centre de Recherche sur l'Eau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102367"},{"id":102368,"arabic":"نُدْرَة المياه","english":"water scarcity","french":"pénurie d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102368"},{"id":102369,"arabic":"بنية المُسطحات المائية","english":"water structure","french":"structure des eaux [f.]","description":"مُنظمة لديها الأهلية القانونية لمنح التراخيص و/أو المُراقبة. 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(انظر: [بَكتيريا متنوّعة التغذية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102549)).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102402"},{"id":102403,"arabic":"مُدخَل إخطار","english":"acknowledgement input","french":"entrée d’acquittement [f.]","description":"إشارات تَحَكُّم خاصة بأعطال نظامٍ ما.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102403"},{"id":102404,"arabic":"شعاويات","english":"actinomycetes (pl.)","french":"actinomycètes (pl.) 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(انظر: [حَلْقة ضبط](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102783))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102420"},{"id":102421,"arabic":"عنصر موازنة وضبط","english":"adjusting unit","french":"rehausse sous cadre [f.]","description":"مُكون يُستخدم لمُعادلة الارتفاع الكلي لمُنشأة (بئر تفتيش أو تحكم مثلاً) مع سطح الأرض أو الشارع، و/ أو يمكن كذلك أن يستقبل الإطارات أو الأغطية المُطابقة (مثل غطاء البالوعة).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102421"},{"id":102422,"arabic":"وَضْع ضبط (هندسة)","english":"adjustment (tech.); setting (tech.)","french":"réglage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102422"},{"id":102423,"arabic":"ضَبْط","english":"adjustment; setting","french":"ajustage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102423"},{"id":102424,"arabic":"مُركّبات هالوجينية عضوية قابلة للامتزاز (AOX)","english":"adsorbable organic halogen compounds (AOX) (pl.)","french":"composés organiques halogénés adsorbables","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102424"},{"id":102425,"arabic":"امتزاز","english":"adsorption","french":"adsorption [f.]","description":"إضافة الغازات أو المواد الذائبة على سطح المواد الصلبة (مادة تكثيف) في مُكثِف. ويُمكن استخدام الامتزاز لإزالة الملوّثات من غازات العادم أو السوائل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102425"},{"id":102426,"arabic":"مادة امتزاز","english":"adsorption agent","french":"agent d'adsorption [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102426"},{"id":102427,"arabic":"نظام امتزاز","english":"adsorption system","french":"installation d'adsorption [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102427"},{"id":102428,"arabic":"قدرة الامتزاز","english":"adsorptive capacity","french":"capacité d'adsorption","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102428"},{"id":102429,"arabic":"تَخثُّر امتزازيّ","english":"adsorptive coagulation","french":"coagulation adsorptive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102429"},{"id":102430,"arabic":"مُعامِل التهوية","english":"aeration coefficient / oxygen transfer coefficient","french":"coefficient de transfert d'oxygène [m.]","description":"مُعامل يجرى تحديده عن طريق تقييم نتيجة تجربة الإمداد بالأكسجين في مياه نقية في ظل وضع تهوية مُحدد ودرجة حرارة مُعينة. ويحدث تحويل النتيجة إلى درجة الحرارة المعيارية البالغة عشرين درجة مئوية كما يلي: kL a20 = kL aT × 1,02420-TL aT-1\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102430"},{"id":102431,"arabic":"جِهاز التهوية","english":"aeration equipment","french":"appareil d'aération [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102431"},{"id":102432,"arabic":"تجهيزة تهوية","english":"aeration installation","french":"équipement d'aération [m.]","description":"مُنشأة أو جهاز لإدخال أكسجين الهواء الجوي لمياه الصرف الصحي، مثلاً أجهزة التهوية السطحية أو التجهيزات العاملة بالهواء المضغوط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102432"},{"id":102433,"arabic":"مِضخّة تهوية لخطوط الدفع وخطوط السحب","english":"aeration pump for lift and suction pipelines","french":"pompe d’aération pour conduite à siphon et d’aspiration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102433"},{"id":102434,"arabic":"كائن هوائيّ (لا يعيش إلا بوجود الأكسجين)","english":"aerobe / aerobic bacterium","french":"aérobie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102434"},{"id":102435,"arabic":"هَوائيّ","english":"aerobic","french":"aérobie","description":"مُصطلح يُقصد به الاحتواء على أكسجين مُذاب. 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حَلَزُونية","english":"axial pump","french":"pompe à vis [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102531"},{"id":102532,"arabic":"إجهاد مِحوريّ","english":"axial stress","french":"tension axiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102532"},{"id":102533,"arabic":"أزوتو باكتر","english":"azotobacter","french":"azotobacter (bactérie d’azote) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102533"},{"id":102534,"arabic":"غِطاء مائيّ طراز السيفون الصغير","english":"baby siphon-type water seal / Maramsilli baby siphon type water seal","french":"fermeture à mini-siphon [f.]","description":"غطاء مائي في مخلص يتكوّن من سيفون صغير، وبما أنه على منسوب مُنخفض عن منسوب السيفون الرئيسي فإنه يتلقى الماء مُبكراً عنه. ويغلق شعاع الماء الخارج جزء السيفون الرئيسي الموجود أسفل الماء. ويُسمى السيفون الذي يستخدم هذه النبيطة سيفون 'مارامسيلي' الصغير.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102534"},{"id":102535,"arabic":"مُنشأة لحماية المياه الراجعة","english":"back pressure safety installation","french":"installation de protection de refoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102535"},{"id":102536,"arabic":"حبيبات رصيف","english":"backfill","french":"remblai [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102536"},{"id":102537,"arabic":"صَبّ","english":"backfill (to) / fill up (to)","french":"remblayer qc.","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102537"},{"id":102538,"arabic":"بوابة حاجزة","english":"backflow flap/trap / trap / backwater gate","french":"clapet anti-retour [m.]","description":"بوابة مرتدة مُركبة على مَصب مصرف مُغطى، وتمنع دخول المياه من المصرف الخارجيّ إلى المصرف الرئيسيّ. 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(DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102541"},{"id":102542,"arabic":"أثر الرَمُوّ","english":"backwater effect","french":"effet de retenue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102542"},{"id":102543,"arabic":"مَزرعة بيولوجية","english":"bacteria bed / biological film, fixed / film, biological","french":"lit bactérien [m.] / film biologique [m.]","description":"بربخ له عقد يقع على دعامات أو أكتاف. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102543"},{"id":102544,"arabic":"عدد (ال..) الأرجح لبكتيريا 'كولي'","english":"bacteria coli, most probable number of (MPN)","french":"nombre le plus probable des colibacilles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102544"},{"id":102545,"arabic":"بَكتيريا حَيْهَوائِيّة","english":"bacteria, aerobic (pl.)","french":"bactéries aérobies (pl.) 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[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102550"},{"id":102551,"arabic":"بَكتيريا ذاتِيُّة التَّغَذِّي الضَّوئِيّ","english":"bacteria, photoautotrophic (pl.)","french":"bactéries photoautotrophes (pl.) [f.]","description":"بكتريا تكتسب طاقتها من ضوء الشمس.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102551"},{"id":102552,"arabic":"بَكتيريا خافضة للكبريتات","english":"bacteria, sulphur reducing (pl.)","french":"bactéries réduisante les sulfates (pl.) [f.]","description":"بكتريا تحيا في ظروف لا هوائية، وتستخدم السلفات كمادة مؤكسدة، وتعمل على تفكيكها إلى سلفيد وكبريتيد الهيدروجين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102552"},{"id":102553,"arabic":"بَكتيريا تَكَافُلِيّة","english":"bacteria, symbiotic (pl.)","french":"bactéries symbiotiques (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102553"},{"id":102554,"arabic":"بَكتيريا قابلة للنمو","english":"bacteria, viable (pl.)","french":"bactéries viables (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102554"},{"id":102555,"arabic":"نمو لاحق للبكتريا في الماء","english":"bacterial aftergrowth","french":"reviviscence microbienne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102555"},{"id":102556,"arabic":"مُقايَسَةٌ بَيولوجيَّة","english":"bacterial bioassay","french":"test bactérien [m.]","description":"طريقة تحليل لتحديد نسبة سُمّية مياه الصرف الصحي قياساً على البكتريا، وفيها يتم قياس أثر تقليل قيمة الأس الهيدروجيني عن طريق نشاط البكتريا.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102556"},{"id":102557,"arabic":"تعداد البكتيريا","english":"bacterial count","french":"nombre de germes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102557"},{"id":102558,"arabic":"ملتهم بكتيريّ","english":"bacteriophage","french":"bactériophage [m.]","description":"فيروسات تهاجم البكتريا وتُسبب لها الضرر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102558"},{"id":102559,"arabic":"عارضة تَحكُّم","english":"baffle pier / block / control block / floor block / friction block","french":"bloc de régulation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102559"},{"id":102560,"arabic":"موازنة","english":"balance","french":"bilan [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102560"},{"id":102561,"arabic":"مُعادلة كمّية","english":"balancing / equalization","french":"régularisation [f.] / homogénéisation [f.]","description":"خفض التراوحات (التذبذبات) بين الدفق الداخل والصرف، والتذبذبات التي تحدث في درجة التركيز ودرجات الحرارة أو ما شابه. (انظر: [مُعادلة درجة التركيز](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102813)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102561"},{"id":102562,"arabic":"عُمق المُعادلة","english":"balancing depth","french":"profondeur de profil compensé","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102562"},{"id":102563,"arabic":"رَشْح الضِّفَّة","english":"bank filtration","french":"filtration sur berge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102563"},{"id":102564,"arabic":"تَكْسية المُنحدر","english":"bank revetment","french":"revêtement de talus [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102564"},{"id":102565,"arabic":"تَكْسِية الضِّفَّة","english":"bank revetment","french":"recouvrement de berge [m.]","description":"المادة الخاملة في سطح نوعيّ مُحدد، وهي التي تنمو عليها الرقاقة الحيوية (البيوفيلم). (انظر: [مادة داعمة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109850)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102565"},{"id":102566,"arabic":"شريط الضِفَّة","english":"bank strip","french":"bande riveraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102566"},{"id":102567,"arabic":"مرحلة الطغيان على الجانيين","english":"bankfull / bankfull stage","french":"niveau d’eau à plein débit [m.]","description":"أقصى تدفق أو تصريف مُفترض أن يكون اعتيادياً لأغراض التصميم. (انظر: [أقصى تدفق اعتياديّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103714)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102567"},{"id":102568,"arabic":"عارضِة","english":"bar (engin.) / beam","french":"poutre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102568"},{"id":102569,"arabic":"قضيب","english":"bar (engin.) / rod","french":"tringle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102569"},{"id":102570,"arabic":"عمود","english":"bar (engin.) / rod","french":"barre","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102570"},{"id":102571,"arabic":"قضيب","english":"bar (engin.); beam; rod","french":"barre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102571"},{"id":102572,"arabic":"باروجراف","english":"barograph","french":"barographe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102572"},{"id":102573,"arabic":"ينبوع حاجز","english":"barrier spring","french":"source de débordement","description":"وحدة لضمان توافر الضغط والتدفق الكافيين داخل شبكة توزيع المياه. ويوجد من هذه الوحدة ثلاثة أنواع: - محطة الضخ الأساسية: وتوجد عادةً بعد جهاز التحضير أو، إذا لم يتم التحضير، بعد الحوض المائي، لضمان نقل المياه. - محطة الضخ البينية: لضمان نقل المياه إلى الخزان أو مناطق الإمداد. - منظومة زيادة الضغط: لتأمين الإمداد إلى داخل مناطق الإمداد دون الحاجة إلى التخزين. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102573"},{"id":102574,"arabic":"تُربة","english":"base (gen.) / bottom / floor / soil","french":"sol [m.]","description":"الطبقة العلوية من القشرة الأرضية والتي تتشكل من الأجزاء المعدنية والمواد العضوية والماء والهواء والكائنات الحية الدقيقة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102574"},{"id":102575,"arabic":"قاع","english":"base (tech.); floor (tech.)","french":"fond","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102575"},{"id":102576,"arabic":"قاعدة","english":"base (tech.); foot (phys.)","french":"socle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102576"},{"id":102577,"arabic":"ركيزة (ميدة)","english":"baseplate; bed plate","french":"plaque d’assise [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102577"},{"id":102578,"arabic":"ريّ حوضيّ","english":"basin irrigation","french":"terrain d’épandage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102578"},{"id":102579,"arabic":"حَوْض ارتوازيّ","english":"basin, artesian","french":"bassin artésien [m.]","description":"(انظر: [طبقة حاملة للماء الإرتوازي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104770))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102579"},{"id":102580,"arabic":"حوض تجميع","english":"basin, storage; tank, receiving","french":"réservoir de stockage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102580"},{"id":102581,"arabic":"أساس","english":"basis","french":"base [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102581"},{"id":102582,"arabic":"مَحمل","english":"beam / bearing / carrier / support (tech.)","french":"poutre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102582"},{"id":102583,"arabic":"مِضخّة جسرية","english":"beam pump","french":"pompe à balancier [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102583"},{"id":102584,"arabic":"حواجز دعم","english":"beam; brace; prop; shoring; sheeting (pile)","french":"poutre de support","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102584"},{"id":102585,"arabic":"حامِل","english":"bearing / support","french":"support [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102585"},{"id":102586,"arabic":"طفوية","english":"bearing capacity","french":"force portante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102586"},{"id":102587,"arabic":"عنصر حامل","english":"bearing element","french":"élément porteur [m.] / élément de support [m.] / emboîtement [m.]","description":"أطراف جلب أو قارنات، مُصممة بحيث تُركب بها عناصر إحكام مُزودة بحلقة ضبط أو بدونها. (DIN EN 295-1:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102587"},{"id":102588,"arabic":"ركيزة نصف دائرية","english":"bearing, expansion / rocker support","french":"entrepôt, mobile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102588"},{"id":102589,"arabic":"مَحمل ثابت","english":"bearing, fixed","french":"appareil d'appui fixe","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102589"},{"id":102590,"arabic":"سِناد رئيسيّ","english":"bearing; bracket; prop; support (tech.)","french":"bande d'appui","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102590"},{"id":102591,"arabic":"فَسَدَ","english":"become fouled (to)","french":"commencer à pourrir / pourrir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102591"},{"id":102592,"arabic":"قاعدة تأسيسية","english":"bedding (engin.); subgrade","french":"assise [f.]","description":"في مجال تركيب الأنابيب، جزء من المُنشأة، يحمل الأنبوب بين قاع الحفرة وحوافها أو غطاءها (في المُعتاد يكون على هيئة سرير رملي). وتتألف هذه القاعدة من طبقة فوقية وطبقة تحتية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102592"},{"id":102593,"arabic":"خَلَلٌ طبقيّ","english":"bedding defect","french":"défaut de stockage [m.]","description":"في الهندسة الإنشائية، هو انخفاض كثافة تحميل التُربة (تفككها)، وذلك ممّا يُهدد سلامة استقرار وقدرة تحميل المُنشأت المُقامة عليها أو يؤثر عليها سلباً. وقد يؤثر ذلك أيضاً على نظام مد وتثبيت الأنابيب في الأرض وكذلك الشوارع أو الأبنية المُجاورة. وقد ينشأ الخلل الطبقي بفعل التفاوتات الكبيرة في درجة الانضغاط المطلوبة، في خندق الأنابيب مثلاً. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 149-4:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102593"},{"id":102594,"arabic":"عامِل التأسيس","english":"bedding factor","french":"Facteur d’assise [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102594"},{"id":102595,"arabic":"زاوية التأسيس","english":"bedding reaction angle","french":"angle de pose de calcul [m.]","description":"الزاوية المُستخدمة في أغراض الحساب، والتي تتحدد من طول إنحناء خطوط الأنابيب المُمتدة على طول التربة، التي تتحول فيها قوة تفاعل التربة. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102595"},{"id":102596,"arabic":"عَلاَمة المنسوب","english":"benchmark","french":"marque de hauteur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102596"},{"id":102597,"arabic":"كوع","english":"bend","french":"coude [m.]","description":"وصلة محنية لإعطاء خط الأنابيب شكل الزاوية. (انظر: كوع) (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102597"},{"id":102598,"arabic":"حَقْن بالبنتونيت","english":"Bentonite Grout","french":"stabilisation à la bentonite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102598"},{"id":102599,"arabic":"مصطبة","english":"berm","french":"berme [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102599"},{"id":102600,"arabic":"نظرية برنولّي","english":"Bernoulli’s theorem","french":"équation de Bernoulli [f.]","description":"لإجراء حساب هيدرولي لدرجة الضغط في شبكة من المواسير ينبغي الرجوع إلى نسبة فقد الضغط وقانون بقاء الطاقة الموسع (ما يُسمى بنظرية 'برونللي'). وتتكوّن درجة الضغط من العناصر التالية: ارتفاع المساحة الأرضية لمحور الأنبوب، والسُرعة، ونسبة فقد الضغط، وإجمالي الطاقة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102600"},{"id":102601,"arabic":"أفضل تقنية متوفّرة","english":"best available technique (BAT)","french":"technique, meilleure disponible [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102601"},{"id":102602,"arabic":"أفضل نقطة كفاية (لتشغيل المضخة)","english":"best efficiency point (pump)","french":"point de référence (pompe) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102602"},{"id":102603,"arabic":"بوابة تفريع","english":"bifurcation gate","french":"vanne de bifurcation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102603"},{"id":102604,"arabic":"نقطة ارتكاز","english":"bifurcation point","french":"point de bifurcation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102604"},{"id":102605,"arabic":"نقطة ارتكاز","english":"bifurcation; crotch","french":"bifurcation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102605"},{"id":102606,"arabic":"مضخة الجمة","english":"bilge pump","french":"pompe de cale [f.]","description":"مضخة مُزوّدة بنظام ضخ ذي عوامة لطرد المياه الجوفية أو مياه الأمطار، مثلاً من حفرة ما. (انظر: مِضخَّة الجُمّة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102606"},{"id":102607,"arabic":"مِضخَّة النزح","english":"bilge pump","french":"pompe d’épuisement [f.]","description":"مِضخَّة الجَمَّة","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102607"},{"id":102608,"arabic":"عامِل التماسك","english":"binder; binding agent","french":"agent liant [m.]; liant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102608"},{"id":102609,"arabic":"قوة التماسك","english":"binding power","french":"pouvoir liant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102609"},{"id":102610,"arabic":"تَراكُم حَيَويّ","english":"bioaccumulation","french":"bioaccumulation [f.]","description":"إثراء المواد في الكائنات الحيّة، إمّا من البيئة المحيطة أو عن طريق التغذية كذلك. (DIN 4049-2:1990)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102610"},{"id":102611,"arabic":"اختبار بيولوجيّ","english":"bioassay","french":"test biologique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102611"},{"id":102612,"arabic":"كيمياء حيوية","english":"biochemistry","french":"biochimie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102612"},{"id":102613,"arabic":"مُعامِل التركيز البيولوجيّ","english":"bioconcentration factor","french":"facteur de bioconcentration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102613"},{"id":102614,"arabic":"مرشح غشائيّ حيوي","english":"biofilm","french":"film biologique de filtre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102614"},{"id":102615,"arabic":"غِطاء قاذُورات","english":"biofilm","french":"couche d’impuretés [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102615"},{"id":102616,"arabic":"مُرشِّح بيولوجي","english":"biofilter","french":"biofiltre [m.]; filtre biologique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102616"},{"id":102617,"arabic":"مجتمع بيولوجي","english":"biological community","french":"communauté biologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102617"},{"id":102618,"arabic":"ترشيح بيولوجي","english":"biological filtration","french":"filtration biologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102618"},{"id":102619,"arabic":"بَيُوتا (مجموعة الأحياء البيولوجية في منطقة أو حُقبة زمنية مُعينة)","english":"biota / biocoenosis","french":"biodiversité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102619"},{"id":102620,"arabic":"تِّكنولوجيا (ال...) البَيولوجية (التقنيات التطبيقية لعلم الأحياء)","english":"biotechnology","french":"biotechnologie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102620"},{"id":102621,"arabic":"ريشة العَنَفة","english":"blade (tech.)","french":"aube mobile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102621"},{"id":102622,"arabic":"مادة تَنْصِيل","english":"bleaching plant","french":"blanchisserie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102622"},{"id":102623,"arabic":"خَلِيط","english":"blend / mixture","french":"mélange [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102623"},{"id":102624,"arabic":"شفة إغلاق","english":"blind flange","french":"bride terminale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102624"},{"id":102625,"arabic":"مُخطَّط تجميعيّ","english":"block diagram","french":"schéma-bloc [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102625"},{"id":102626,"arabic":"هَطَل مطريّ غزير","english":"'Block' rainfall","french":"chute de pluie 'de bloc' [f.]","description":"أمطار ذات كثافة هطول مطريّ ثابتة وتواتر مُحدد، على سبيل المثال هطل مطريّ غزير مُدته 15 دقيقة وتواتره مرة واحدة في السنة. يُشار إليه بالرمز: BR15(1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102626"},{"id":102627,"arabic":"مرشح إيقاف","english":"blocking filter","french":"filtre d’arrêt [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102627"},{"id":102628,"arabic":"نَفْخ","english":"blowdown","french":"purge sous pression [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102628"},{"id":102629,"arabic":"أنبوب طرد بالهواء","english":"blow-out line","french":"tuyauteries de soufflage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102629"},{"id":102630,"arabic":"تَرابُط (كيميائيّ)","english":"bond","french":"liaison (chim.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102630"},{"id":102631,"arabic":"زيادة","english":"boost / increase / uprating","french":"élévation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102631"},{"id":102632,"arabic":"جِهاز تعزيز الضغط أوتوماتياً","english":"booster device, automatic","french":"automate d'augmentation de la pression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102632"},{"id":102633,"arabic":"خندق حدي","english":"border ditch","french":"fossé marginal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102633"},{"id":102634,"arabic":"تكريك","english":"bottom scraping","french":"raclage de fond [m.]","description":"عند توسيع وصيانة المجاري المائية، هو إزالة مخلفات عمليات الإطماء لإعادة إنشاء المقطع المُستعرض للمجرى المائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102634"},{"id":102635,"arabic":"حد أدنى لمنسوب سطح مياه التشغيل","english":"bottom water level (BWL)","french":"niveau d'eau minimal de fonctionnement [m.]; niveau bas minimum [m.]","description":"أدنى منسوب للمياه الموجودة في مُنشأة ما عند تشغيلها. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102635"},{"id":102636,"arabic":"طبقة حدّية مضطربة","english":"boundary layer, turbulent","french":"couche limite, turbulente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102636"},{"id":102637,"arabic":"قوة القص الحديّ","english":"boundary shear; tractive force","french":"force d’entraînement [f.]","description":"(انظر: [إجهاد الاحتكاك الجداري](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108282))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102637"},{"id":102638,"arabic":"شَدّاد","english":"brace / support (tech.) / prop / truss","french":"contrefiche [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102638"},{"id":102639,"arabic":"موضع تثبيت","english":"bracket; clamp","french":"fixation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102639"},{"id":102640,"arabic":"وُصْلَة فرعية","english":"branch / junction","french":"embranchement équerre [m.]","description":"مُكوِّن، يُستخدم على سبيل المثال في الوصلات الأنبوبية، وذلك لتجميع أو تقسيم تيارات مياه الصرف الصحيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102640"},{"id":102641,"arabic":"صندوق تفريع","english":"branch box / junction box","french":"boîte de dérivation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102641"},{"id":102642,"arabic":"سداد واقٍ","english":"breaching section / fuse plug","french":"digue fusible [m.]","description":"(انظر: [مَقْطَع قابل للازالة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109104))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102642"},{"id":102643,"arabic":"عَرْض","english":"breadth; width","french":"largeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102643"},{"id":102644,"arabic":"تَداعٍ","english":"breakdown; collapse; failure","french":"effondrement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102644"},{"id":102645,"arabic":"اختراق","english":"breakdown; disruption","french":"percement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102645"},{"id":102646,"arabic":"حد مقاومة الانكسار","english":"breaking strength","french":"résistance à la rupture [f.]; résistance à l'écrasement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102646"},{"id":102647,"arabic":"قوة الانكسار","english":"breaking strength","french":"force de rupture","description":"القوة القصوى لحدوث الانكسار التي يُسجَّلها جهاز الاختبار أثناء تجربة الانضغاط الرأسيّ (أي عندما لا يسجل مؤشر القوى أية زيادة أخرى). (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102647"},{"id":102648,"arabic":"جِدار مُوَاجِه","english":"breast wall","french":"mur de parement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102648"},{"id":102649,"arabic":"جِدار متصدر","english":"breast wall / face wall / panel wall","french":"cloison [f.]","description":"(انظر: [جِدار مُواجِه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107058))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102649"},{"id":102650,"arabic":"ماء شديد الملوحة","english":"brine","french":"saumure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102650"},{"id":102651,"arabic":"انبعاج","english":"buckling","french":"flambage[m.]","description":"القيمة الحدّية لقدرة التحمّل، التي يفقد فيها الهيكل صلابته فجأة بفعل إجهاد الضغط الرقي و/أو القص الرقي. ويؤدي الإنبعاج إمّا إلى حدوث تغيّر كبير في الشكل أو إلى ألا يكون الهيكل في وضع يسمح له بحمل تلك الحمولات المؤثرة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102651"},{"id":102652,"arabic":"انبعاج","english":"buckling; distortion","french":"déformation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102652"},{"id":102653,"arabic":"محلول محايِّد (كيمياء)","english":"buffer solution","french":"solution tampon [f.]","description":"حيُز جاف في محطة ضخ، تُركَّب فيه المضخات، ويكون عادةً مُتصلاً بحيز الشفط. 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(انظر: معايرة) 2- القيام بعمليات القياسات أو المُراقبة للمعايرة أو التقنين. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK): 1983)))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102678"},{"id":102679,"arabic":"قيمة حرارية","english":"calorific value","french":"valeur calorifique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102679"},{"id":102680,"arabic":"اعتراض كانوبي","english":"canopy interception","french":"interception [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102680"},{"id":102681,"arabic":"كفاءة","english":"capability / capacity (performance)","french":"efficacité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102681"},{"id":102682,"arabic":"قُدرة إسمية","english":"capacity (performance) / nominal power output / power output (nominal) / nominal capacity","french":"puissance nominale [f.]","description":"قدرة أداء أجزاء مُعينة من مُنشآة: مثل المضخات والتوربينات والمولّدات والمُحوّلات الخاصة بمحطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية. رمز المُعادلات: P","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102682"},{"id":102683,"arabic":"سَعة","english":"capacity (space) / content / cubic content","french":"capacité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102683"},{"id":102684,"arabic":"حَجْم","english":"capacity (space) / volume","french":"volume [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102684"},{"id":102685,"arabic":"منحنى السعَّة","english":"capacity curve","french":"courbe de contenu [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102685"},{"id":102686,"arabic":"سَعَة حية","english":"capacity, active","french":"contenance, effective [f.]","description":"(انظر: [سعة مفيدة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102687)) (انظر: [سَعَة التخزين المستخدَم](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104299)) (انظر: [مِقدار التخزين الفعّال](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104300))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102686"},{"id":102687,"arabic":"سعة مفيدة","english":"capacity, active / capacity, useful / capacity, live","french":"contenance, effective [f.] / contenance, utile [f.]","description":"المخزون المُتاح لأغراض المشاريع، وهو المخزون عادةً بين أقل نقطة للتصريف وأعلى منسوبٍ سطحيٍّ للمياه المُتحكم فيه (المنسوب الاستاتيكي لملء البركة). (انظر: [سَعَة حية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102686))، (انظر: [سَعَة التخزين المستخدَم](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104299))، (انظر: [مِقدار التخزين الفعّال](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104300))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102687"},{"id":102688,"arabic":"خاصة شَعَرية","english":"capillarity","french":"capillarité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102688"},{"id":102689,"arabic":"نزوح شعريّ","english":"capillary migration","french":"mouvement capillaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102689"},{"id":102690,"arabic":"رقم شَعَريّ","english":"capillary number","french":"indice de capillarité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102690"},{"id":102691,"arabic":"جُهد الضغط","english":"capillary potential; pressure potential","french":"potentiel de pression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102691"},{"id":102692,"arabic":"كَربنة","english":"carbonization","french":"carbonisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102692"},{"id":102693,"arabic":"مادة مسرطنة","english":"carcinogen; carcinogenic","french":"carcinogène","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102693"},{"id":102694,"arabic":"مفيض مُدرّج","english":"cascade spillway; stepped spillway","french":"déversoir à gradins [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102694"},{"id":102695,"arabic":"تُربينة مغلفة","english":"cased turbine","french":"turbine en bâche","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102695"},{"id":102696,"arabic":"غلاف","english":"casing / cladding / mantle","french":"enveloppe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102696"},{"id":102697,"arabic":"غلاف","english":"casing / envelope / jacket / mantle","french":"enveloppe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102697"},{"id":102698,"arabic":"تغليف","english":"casing; cladding; envelope; jacket","french":"enveloppe [f.]","description":"تجهيزة تعمل على تحديد منسوب المياه في حيز التخزين، وكذلك تفعيل التحكم بالصمامات لفتح صمام السحب وصمام الكسح عند تجمّع كمية مياه فائضة في حيز التخزين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102698"},{"id":102699,"arabic":"كسوة","english":"casing; cladding; lining; lagging","french":"habillage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102699"},{"id":102700,"arabic":"مبيت","english":"casing; housing","french":"boîtier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102700"},{"id":102701,"arabic":"حفر جندليّ","english":"cataract action","french":"action de cataracte [f.]","description":"التأثير الحفريّ المتجه إلى الخلف لتيار سريع. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102701"},{"id":102702,"arabic":"سطح تجميع الهطولات","english":"catching surface gauge","french":"surface de réception du pluviomètre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102702"},{"id":102703,"arabic":"حماية كاثودية","english":"cathodic protection","french":"protection cathodique [f.]","description":"عملية تهدف إلى حماية الأجزاء المعدنية من التآكل، وفيها يكون الجزء المعدني المُراد حمايته هو الكاثود (القطب السالب) بالنسبة إلى المنطقة المُحيطة به. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102703"},{"id":102704,"arabic":"كاتيون","english":"cation","french":"cation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102704"},{"id":102705,"arabic":"تبادل كاتيوني","english":"cation exchange","french":"échange de cations [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102705"},{"id":102706,"arabic":"سَعَة تبادُل الكاتيونات","english":"cation exchange capacity","french":"capacité d’échange de cations [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102706"},{"id":102707,"arabic":"كاتيوني","english":"cationic","french":"cationique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102707"},{"id":102708,"arabic":"عامِل تشغيل","english":"cause variable","french":"grandeur d’influence [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102708"},{"id":102709,"arabic":"تكهف","english":"caving","french":"sapement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102709"},{"id":102710,"arabic":"محور طوليّ","english":"center line / axis, longitudinal","french":"axe longitudinal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102710"},{"id":102711,"arabic":"مَحمل ارتكازيّ","english":"central pivot","french":"pivot central [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102711"},{"id":102712,"arabic":"نابذة","english":"centrifuge","french":"centrifuge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102712"},{"id":102713,"arabic":"مكافئ الرطوبة","english":"centrifuge moisture equivalent / moisture equivalent","french":"humidité équivalente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102713"},{"id":102714,"arabic":"إرساء","english":"chaining / stationing (mapping)","french":"stationnement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102714"},{"id":102715,"arabic":"سرير النهر","english":"channel / river bed","french":"lit de rivière [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102715"},{"id":102716,"arabic":"كفاءة مَجرى الصرف","english":"channel efficiency; sewer system efficiency","french":"degré d’effet de canal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102716"},{"id":102717,"arabic":"كفاءة النظام","english":"channel efficiency; system efficiency","french":"degré d’effet du système [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102717"},{"id":102718,"arabic":"تَدُّفق المجرى","english":"channel flow","french":"courant de conduit [m.]","description":"تيار مياه ذو مساحة حُرة، كما في الأنهار أو القنوات مثلاً. وفيه يحد منسوب المياه تيار المياه إلى أعلى ضد طبقة الهواء التي تغطيها. وتيار المجرى القياسي هو الذي يكون له مقطع مُستعرض مُتغير للتيار، وبالتالي يكون سطح المياه فيه مُتغير.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102718"},{"id":102719,"arabic":"خاصية مميزة","english":"character; property (attribute)","french":"propriété [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102719"},{"id":102720,"arabic":"بيانات خصائصية","english":"characteristic data (pl.)","french":"données caractéristiques (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102720"},{"id":102721,"arabic":"مُخطط خصائصيّ","english":"characteristic diagram / characteristic zone","french":"diagramme caractéristique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102721"},{"id":102722,"arabic":"عدد بيانيّ","english":"characteristic number / reference number","french":"indice [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102722"},{"id":102723,"arabic":"قيمة بيانية","english":"characteristic value","french":"valeur caractéristique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102723"},{"id":102724,"arabic":"صِمام لارجعيّ","english":"check (non-return) valve","french":"clapet anti-retour [m.]","description":"صمام يَنْفَتح عندما يكون ضغط الدخول أكبر من ضغط الخروج.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102724"},{"id":102725,"arabic":"كيماويات","english":"chemical (chem.)","french":"produit chimique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102725"},{"id":102726,"arabic":"كيماويات صناعية عضوية","english":"chemical, industrial organic","french":"produit chimique industriel, organique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102726"},{"id":102727,"arabic":"صيغة 'تشيزي'","english":"Chézy’s formula","french":"formule de Chézy [f.]","description":"صيغة (مُعادلة) السريان التي تُستخدم في الحسابات التقريبية لمُتوسط سرعة تدفق سائل ما. وتسميتها من اسم العالم أنتوني دي تشيزي 'Antoine de Chézy' (القرن الثامن عشر).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102727"},{"id":102728,"arabic":"كلورامين","english":"chloramine","french":"chloramine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102728"},{"id":102729,"arabic":"كلور","english":"chlorine","french":"chlore [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102729"},{"id":102730,"arabic":"منظومة تسجيل نسبة الكلور","english":"chlorine registration system","french":"enregistreur à chlore [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102730"},{"id":102731,"arabic":"عَددٌ","english":"cipher; digit","french":"chiffre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102731"},{"id":102732,"arabic":"مخطط الدائرة الكهربائية","english":"circuit diagram","french":"schéma des connexions [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102732"},{"id":102733,"arabic":"تَدفُّق دائريّ","english":"circular flow","french":"courant circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102733"},{"id":102734,"arabic":"تجهيزة تدوير (مياه الصرف)","english":"circulation installation","french":"équipement de circulation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102734"},{"id":102735,"arabic":"محطة تدوير (مياه الصرف)","english":"circulation system","french":"installation de circulation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102735"},{"id":102736,"arabic":"محيط الشكل (طول)","english":"circumference; perimeter; periphery","french":"étendue (longueur) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102736"},{"id":102737,"arabic":"هندسة مدنية","english":"civil engineering","french":"génie civil [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102737"},{"id":102738,"arabic":"أنبوب تنظيف","english":"cleaning access fitting","french":"tuyau de nettoyage [m.]","description":"جزء خاص في شبكات وقنوات الصرف الصحي ذو فتحة لأغراض التنظيف (فتحة تنظيف) والمُراقبة. (انظر: [سِدادة تنظيف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102739)) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102738"},{"id":102739,"arabic":"سِدادة تنظيف","english":"cleaning access fitting","french":"fermeture de nettoyage [f.]","description":"قطعة خاصة في شبكات وقنوات الصرف الصحي ذو فتحة لإجراء عمليات التنظيف (فتحة تنظيف) والمُراقبة. (انظر: [أنبوب تنظيف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102738)). (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102739"},{"id":102740,"arabic":"فُتحة تنظيف","english":"cleaning access opening / rodding point","french":"ouverture de nettoyage [f.]","description":"فتحة صغيرة القطر، لا يُمكِّن الدخول من خلالها إلى أنبوب أو قناة مياه الصرف، تتيح أعمال الفحص أو التنظيف. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102740"},{"id":102741,"arabic":"فجوة","english":"clearance; gap; interstice (gen.)","french":"espace intermédiaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102741"},{"id":102742,"arabic":"فوهة تنظيف","english":"clearing nozzle","french":"buse de curage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102742"},{"id":102743,"arabic":"مُخَدِّم عملاء","english":"client server","french":"client/serveur [m.]","description":"ربط مجموعات من الحواسيب، بحيث يُستخدم مُخدم واحد أو عدة مُخدّمين بنكاً للمعلومات لمُعالجة وتخزين المتغيرات، وإتاحتها لمختلف المُستخدمين وفقًا لاحتياجاتهم الخاصة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102743"},{"id":102744,"arabic":"دورة مُناخية","english":"climatic cycle","french":"circuit climatique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102744"},{"id":102745,"arabic":"سنة مُناخية","english":"climatic year","french":"année climatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102745"},{"id":102746,"arabic":"عِلم المُناخ","english":"climatology","french":"climatologie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102746"},{"id":102747,"arabic":"سرعة التدفق الصاعد","english":"climb speed","french":"vitesse ascensionnelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102747"},{"id":102748,"arabic":"تجهيزة إغلاق","english":"closing element","french":"appareil d'arrêt","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102748"},{"id":102749,"arabic":"وسيلة إغلاق أوتوماتية","english":"closure device, automatic","french":"dispositif d'obturation automatique [m.]","description":"وسيلة تشغل بواسطة السوائل الخفيفة المُتجمّعة، حيث أنها تمنع هذه السوائل من الخروج من الفرّازة. (DIN EN 858-1:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102749"},{"id":102750,"arabic":"قدرة إنتاجية","english":"coal throughput","french":"capacité de débit [f.]","description":"الكمية التي يُمكن انتاجها في مُدة زمنية مُعينة، وفي حدود منصوص عليها سلفاً (عدد الوحدات مثلاً).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102750"},{"id":102751,"arabic":"فاصِل (الفئة، الفئة II)","english":"coalescence filter; separator (fluids), (class I, class II)","french":"séparateur (classe I, classe II) [m.]","description":"تجهيزة يُستفاد فيها من الجاذبية الأرضية لمنع دخول المواد الضارة إلى نظام الصرف، وذلك عن طريق فصل هذه المواد من مياه الصرف. مثال ذلك: فاصل الدهون من مياه الصرف، والفاصل الخاص بالسوائل الخفيفة (فاصل البنزين من مياه الصرف، فاصل زيت التدفئة من مياه الصرف، فاصل نقاط الزيت الدقيقة من مياه الصرف)، فاصل السوائل الثقيلة، وفاصل النِشا من مياه الصرف. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102751"},{"id":102752,"arabic":"رُكام خَشِن","english":"coarse aggregate","french":"composant à grain grossier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102752"},{"id":102753,"arabic":"قساوة","english":"coarseness / roughness","french":"rugosité [f.] / rudesse [f.]","description":"(انظر: [خُشونة (ال...)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107998))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102753"},{"id":102754,"arabic":"عملية تغطية","english":"coating process","french":"procédé de revêtement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102754"},{"id":102755,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس نقص الاكسجين وإجماليّ الكربون الطبيعيّ","english":"COD and TOC measurement equipment","french":"appareil de mesure DCO et TOC [m.]","description":"جهاز قياس لتحديد الاحتياج الكيميائيّ للأكسجين (COD) ومحتواه في المُركّبات الكربونية العضوية (TOC).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102755"},{"id":102756,"arabic":"مُعامِل","english":"coefficient","french":"coefficient [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102756"},{"id":102757,"arabic":"مُعامِل قابلية الانضغاط","english":"coefficient of compressibility / coefficient of compression","french":"coefficient de compression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102757"},{"id":102758,"arabic":"مُعامِل التدفق","english":"coefficient of discharge","french":"coefficient d’écoulement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102758"},{"id":102759,"arabic":"مُعامِل السحب","english":"coefficient of drag; 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(DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103279"},{"id":103280,"arabic":"قدرة النفاذ (كمية المواد المارة عبر أنبوب مثلاً في فترة زمنية معينة)","english":"flow rate","french":"débit traité [m.]; quantité traitée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103280"},{"id":103281,"arabic":"مِساحة المقْطَع المستعرض للسريان","english":"flow section; discharge section","french":"section de débit [f.]","description":"مساحة المقطع المُستعرض المُنفذة لقناة أو أنبوب أو حوض أو مجرى مائي. رمز المُعادلات: A. وحدة القياس: م2 أو سم2. (انظر: [مقطع مستعرض للجريان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102909))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103281"},{"id":103282,"arabic":"سرعة الجريان الحرجة","english":"flow velocity, critical","french":"vitesse d'écoulement, critique [f.]","description":"سُرعة السريان عند التصريف الحرج للمياه المُمتزجة. رمز المُعادلات: krit\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103282"},{"id":103283,"arabic":"سرعة التدفق","english":"flow velocity; stream velocity","french":"vitesse d'écoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103283"},{"id":103284,"arabic":"مُتوسط السريان","english":"flow, average","french":"débit moyen [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة كمية المياه التي تسري في مقطع تصريف مُحدد على الزمن اللازم لذلك. رمز المُعادلات: Q. وحدة القياس: م3/ث. (انظر: [تدفُّق حجميّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109682)) DIN 4047-5 (03/1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103284"},{"id":103285,"arabic":"سَرَيان غير مُنتظِم","english":"flow, non-permanent / flow, variable / flow, non-uniform / flow, varied","french":"écoulement, irrégulier [m.]","description":"جزء من محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ على سبيل المثال، الذي تتمثل وظيفته في تنفيذ عملية التعويم (الطفو) والحفاظ عليها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103285"},{"id":103286,"arabic":"سَرَيان تحت الحرج","english":"flow, subcritical","french":"écoulement, fluvial [m.] / régime tranquille [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103286"},{"id":103287,"arabic":"تدفق مندفع","english":"flow, supercritical","french":"courant supercritique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103287"},{"id":103288,"arabic":"سَرَيان فوق الحرج","english":"flow, supercritical/ torrential","french":"écoulement, torrentiel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103288"},{"id":103289,"arabic":"جَرَيان هادئ","english":"flow, tranquil","french":"courant tranquille [m.]","description":"1- البُعْد بين سطح الماء والحافّة التي تقع أعلاه لمُنشأة أو لجزء ميكانيكيّ. (DIN 4045:2003) 2- المسافة العمودية بين رأس السد وأعلى منسوب يمكن أن تصل إليه المياه فيه، أو مُنحنى التخزين الخاص بتصريف الفيضان التصميميّ، والذي يتكوّن من تراكم العواصف، والأمواج، والجليد، مع وجود هامش أمان. رمز المُعادلات: f. وحدة القياس: متر. (DIN 4048-1:1987) (DIN 4048-1 (01/1987","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103289"},{"id":103290,"arabic":"سَرَيان مُنتظِم","english":"flow, uniform","french":"écoulement, uniforme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103290"},{"id":103291,"arabic":"سريان غير مستقر","english":"flow, unsteady","french":"écoulement, instable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103291"},{"id":103292,"arabic":"سَرَيان","english":"flow; discharge","french":"débit [m.]","description":"كمية السائل المُتدفقة في وحدة زمنية مُعينة خلال مقطع مُستعرض مُعين. (انظر: تدفق تصريف) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103292"},{"id":103293,"arabic":"مِقياس الصرف","english":"flowmeter","french":"débitmètre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103293"},{"id":103294,"arabic":"اختبار التدفق","english":"flow-through test","french":"essai dynamique[m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103294"},{"id":103295,"arabic":"تدفق السوائل","english":"fluid flow","french":"écoulement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103295"},{"id":103296,"arabic":"فَرْشَة مُمَيَّعة","english":"fluidized bed","french":"lit fluidifié [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103296"},{"id":103297,"arabic":"مسيل اصطناعيّ","english":"flume","french":"canal jaugeur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103297"},{"id":103298,"arabic":"سيفون مُعالَجة مياه الصرف المنزلية","english":"flush tank; flushing chamber","french":"réservoir de chasse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103298"},{"id":103299,"arabic":"تدفق","english":"flux","french":"rivière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103299"},{"id":103300,"arabic":"تجهيزة فصل الرغوة","english":"foam fractionator / surface-stripping device","french":"système de fractionnement de la mousse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103300"},{"id":103301,"arabic":"فَصْل الرغوة","english":"foam separation","french":"séparation de la mousse [f.] / écrémage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103301"},{"id":103302,"arabic":"مِضَخَّة توصيل","english":"force pump; pressure pump","french":"pompe de refoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103302"},{"id":103303,"arabic":"قوة فعّالة","english":"force, effective","french":"force effective [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103303"},{"id":103304,"arabic":"حوض أمامي (بركة أمامية)","english":"forebay; headbay; head water; upstream water","french":"bief d'amont [m.]; eau d'amont [f.]","description":"قيمة تُستخدم في مُعادلات شيزي (Chézy)، ودارسي فايسباخ (Darcy-Weisbach)، وهازن ويليامز (Hazen-Williams)، وكوتر (Kutter)، وماننج (Manning)، وآخرين، لحساب متوسط سُرعة تدفق المياه في أنبوب أو في مجرى. وهو يُعبّر عن تأثير خشونة المادة المُحيطة على فقدان طاقة المياه الجارية. (انظر: مُعامل القساوة) (انظر: [مُكافئ الخشونة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102762))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103304"},{"id":103305,"arabic":"مِقْرَن","english":"fork; yoke","french":"chape [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103305"},{"id":103306,"arabic":"شوكة مَفْصِلية","english":"forkhead","french":"tête de fourche [f.]","description":"نظام للتحكم يتم عن طريقه ضبط المُتغير المرجعي على قيمة ثابتة، مع تثبيت هذه القيمة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103306"},{"id":103307,"arabic":"قوة السحب الجانبية","english":"form drag / profile drag","french":"résistance de profil [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103307"},{"id":103308,"arabic":"تشكيل","english":"formation","french":"formation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103308"},{"id":103309,"arabic":"مُعادَلَة","english":"formula","french":"formule [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103309"},{"id":103310,"arabic":"أساسات","english":"foundation","french":"fondation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103310"},{"id":103311,"arabic":"وُصلة الأساس","english":"foundation joint","french":"joint de fondation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103311"},{"id":103312,"arabic":"تخشيبة دعم البناء","english":"foundation timbering","french":"etançonnement des fondations [m.] / blindage des fouilles [m.] / boisage des fondations [m.]","description":"تدعيم حفرة وتكسيتها بقطع مُدببة أو مُستديرة من الخشب أو بقطع معدنية لمنع انهيار الأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103312"},{"id":103313,"arabic":"مَسْبَك","english":"foundry","french":"fonderie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103313"},{"id":103314,"arabic":"انهيار","english":"fracture; rupture","french":"rupture [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103314"},{"id":103315,"arabic":"صمامات أنبوبية حرة التصريف","english":"free discharge tube valve","french":"vanne à boisseau cylindrique avec sortie libre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103315"},{"id":103316,"arabic":"حوض تهدئة لنافورة حرة","english":"free jet stilling basin; free jet basin","french":"bassin d’amortissement à jet libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103316"},{"id":103317,"arabic":"أنفاق حرة التدفق","english":"free level tunnel","french":"galerie à écoulement libre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103317"},{"id":103318,"arabic":"خلوص الفروق","english":"freeboard, total","french":"revanche totale","description":"طبقة في كتلة مائية ذات تدرجات حراريّة، وفي هذه الطبقة يصل تدرّج درجات الحرارة إلى أعلى حدّ. (انظر: [طبقة ميتالمنيون](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105904)) (DIN EN 15110:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103318"},{"id":103319,"arabic":"مَجرى مَكشوف","english":"free-flow conduit / open channel / open conduit","french":"conduite, ouverte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103319"},{"id":103320,"arabic":"دَفّاعة الجريان الحر","english":"free-flow impeller","french":"roue non colmatable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103320"},{"id":103321,"arabic":"قوة السحب السطحيّ","english":"friction drag / skin friction / surface drag","french":"résistance superficielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103321"},{"id":103322,"arabic":"نِسبة فاقِد الاحتكاك","english":"friction head loss","french":"hauteur perte par frottement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103322"},{"id":103323,"arabic":"فاقِد الاحتكاك","english":"friction loss","french":"perte de frottement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103323"},{"id":103324,"arabic":"مَيْل الاحتكاك","english":"friction slope","french":"gradient de frottement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103324"},{"id":103325,"arabic":"احتكاك هيدروليّ","english":"friction, hydraulic","french":"frottement hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103325"},{"id":103326,"arabic":"احتكاك داخليّ","english":"friction, internal","french":"frottement interne [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103326"},{"id":103327,"arabic":"خط أقصى درجة تدفق","english":"full supply line / maximum flow line","french":"courbe de débit maximal [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103327"},{"id":103328,"arabic":"خط أقصى فعليّ للاحتياجات","english":"full supply line, actual / maximum flow line, actual","french":"ligne de débit maximale, réelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103328"},{"id":103329,"arabic":"قاطِع كامل","english":"full-face seal","french":"joint complet [m.]","description":"قاطع يمتد إلى سطح الصخر أو إلى داخله أو إلى سطح الطبقات غير المُنفذة أو إلى داخلها. 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(الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103567"},{"id":103568,"arabic":"تسرّب","english":"leak / leakage","french":"fuite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103568"},{"id":103569,"arabic":"اختبار الإحكام","english":"leak test; testing for leaktightness","french":"essai d'étanchéité [m.]; épreuve d'étanchéité [f.]","description":"اختبار غير مُتلف لقياس إحكام جسم ما أو أنبوب أو غيرها ضد التسريب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103569"},{"id":103570,"arabic":"خسارة في كمية سائل ما بفعل التسرّب","english":"leakage / loss (of a liquid)","french":"perte de fuite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103570"},{"id":103571,"arabic":"طُول","english":"length","french":"longueur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103571"},{"id":103572,"arabic":"طُول مُكافِئ","english":"length, equivalent","french":"longueur équivalente [f.]","description":"قيمة تُضاف إلى الطول الحقيقي لأنبوب، وذلك تعويضاً عن القيم الفردية المُقاسة لفواقد الضغط عند الأجزاء المُعقدة والصمامات، إلخ، وذلك من أجل تحديد القيمة الإجمالية لفاقد الضغط في هذا الأنبوب. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103572"},{"id":103573,"arabic":"مَنسُوب","english":"level","french":"niveau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103573"},{"id":103574,"arabic":"ميزان تسوية","english":"level (instrument)","french":"niveau à bulle (instrument de nivellement) [m.]","description":"جهاز قياس يتكوّن من أنبوب مملوء بسائل وبه فقاعة هواء. وتتحرك هذه الفقاعة تبعاً للوضع الأفقي والرأسي للشيء الجاري قياسه (على سبيل المثال: ميزان الماء). (انظر: [جِهاز تسوية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103575))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103574"},{"id":103575,"arabic":"جِهاز تسوية","english":"level (instrument) / level meter","french":"instrument de nivellement [m.]","description":"جهاز لقياس اختلافات مستويات الارتفاع بواسطة خطوط أفقية. (انظر: [ميزان تسوية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103574))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103575"},{"id":103576,"arabic":"صَبَّة صاعِدة","english":"lift","french":"couche de montage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103576"},{"id":103577,"arabic":"رَفْع","english":"lift (act of raising)","french":"course [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103577"},{"id":103578,"arabic":"نِظام رفْع","english":"lifting system","french":"équipement de relevage; installation de relevage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103578"},{"id":103579,"arabic":"مادة ضعيفة الكثافة","english":"light density material / matter","french":"matière légère [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103579"},{"id":103580,"arabic":"سائل خفيف","english":"light liquid","french":"liquide léger [m.]","description":"سائل تصل كثافته إلى 0.95 جم/سم3 ويتميّز بقابلية ضعيفة جداً للذوبان والتصبّن، أو قد يكون غير قابل لهما تماماً. الاختصار: L (DIN EN 858-1:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103580"},{"id":103581,"arabic":"مِضخّة الماء الجِيريّ","english":"lime feeder","french":"pompe à eau calcaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103581"},{"id":103582,"arabic":"مُحدِّد","english":"limiter","french":"limiteur [m.]","description":"تجهيزة تعمل على قطع الإمداد بالطاقة في حالة الوصول إلى القيمة الحدّية المضبوطة، مثلاً لدرجة الحرارة أو نسبة التدفق أو منسوب المياه، وبالتالي تُثبت هذه القيمة. (DIN EN 12953-9:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103582"},{"id":103583,"arabic":"سَماد بلديّ سائل","english":"liquid manure","french":"lisier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103583"},{"id":103584,"arabic":"سِباخ (سماد حيوانيّ سائل)","english":"liquid manure","french":"purin [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103584"},{"id":103585,"arabic":"سائل مِثاليّ","english":"liquid, ideal","french":"liquide idéale [m.]","description":"أيٌّ من السوائل الخالية من العناصر المُسببة الاحتكاك، حيث تنساب عناصرها ضد بعضها البعض دون تولُّد قوى داخلية. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103585"},{"id":103586,"arabic":"حمولة","english":"load","french":"charge [f.]","description":"وسط ترشيح مصنوعة من نسيج القطن أو البلاستيك أو السلك.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103586"},{"id":103587,"arabic":"حِمْل","english":"load","french":"charge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103587"},{"id":103588,"arabic":"اختبار قمة الضغط","english":"load crushing test (at the crown)","french":"essai de résistance à l'écrasement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103588"},{"id":103589,"arabic":"تَيّار الحِمل","english":"load current","french":"courant de charge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103589"},{"id":103590,"arabic":"حُمُولة قُصوى","english":"load, maximum; peak","french":"charge maximale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103590"},{"id":103591,"arabic":"عبء","english":"loading / stress","french":"chargement [m.] / charge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103591"},{"id":103592,"arabic":"جِهاز شَحْن","english":"loading device","french":"appareil de chargement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103592"},{"id":103593,"arabic":"حُمُولة سطحية","english":"loading, surface","french":"charge superficielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103593"},{"id":103594,"arabic":"تسارُع طوليّ","english":"longitudinal acceleration","french":"accélération longitudinale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103594"},{"id":103595,"arabic":"تمدُّد طوليّ","english":"longitudinal expansion","french":"allongement longitudinal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103595"},{"id":103596,"arabic":"وُصْلة انكماش طولية","english":"longitudinal joint / longitudinal contraction joint","french":"joint rétractable en longueur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103596"},{"id":103597,"arabic":"فَحْص طويل الأمد","english":"long-time test; long-term test","french":"essai prolongé [m.]; essai de longue durée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103597"},{"id":103598,"arabic":"قامِطة دليلية","english":"loose clamp","french":"collier coulissant [m.]","description":"قامطة للأنابيب، تُثبّت على حائط أو سطح آخر، بحيث لا يُعاق أي تغيّر في طول الأنبوب بسبب تغيّر درجة الحرارة، ويتم أيضاً تجنّب حدوث انكسار في خط الأنابيب. إذا تم تركيب القامطة الدليلية على خط أنابيب رأسي مُباشرةً، فيمكن استخدامها كذلك كقامطة دليلية ذات مسمار خارجي. (DIN EN 2001:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103598"},{"id":103599,"arabic":"قطعة أرض","english":"lot / piece of land","french":"terrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103599"},{"id":103600,"arabic":"مَحلُول قلويّ","english":"lye / liquor","french":"lessive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103600"},{"id":103601,"arabic":"مِضخَّة السوائل القلوية","english":"lye-pump","french":"pompe à lessive","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103601"},{"id":103602,"arabic":"مُناخيات كبرى","english":"macroclimate","french":"macroclimat [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103602"},{"id":103603,"arabic":"بناء غير دقيق","english":"macrostructure","french":"macrostructure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103603"},{"id":103604,"arabic":"قَنْطَرة صرف رئيسية","english":"main head regulator","french":"régulateur d’entrée principal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103604"},{"id":103605,"arabic":"صِيانة تصحيحية","english":"maintenance, corrective","french":"maintenance [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103605"},{"id":103606,"arabic":"مِرفاع هوائيّ","english":"mammoth pump / airlift","french":"pompe mammouth [f.]","description":"تجهيزة لرفع السوائل أو خليط من السوائل والمواد الصلبة، حيث تتم عملية الرفع عن طريق هواء مضغوط يُدفع إلى العُمق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103606"},{"id":103607,"arabic":"بئر مُراقبة","english":"manhole","french":"regard de visite [m.]","description":"مَدخل عليه غطاء قابل للإزالة، ومُثبت على خط أو قناة للصرف الصحيّ، لتمكين الأفراد من الدخول. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103607"},{"id":103608,"arabic":"وُصْلة رَبْط بئر","english":"manhole connection sleeve","french":"manchon de raccordement de puits [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103608"},{"id":103609,"arabic":"تغطية حفرة التفتيش","english":"manhole cover","french":"couverture de la gaine","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103609"},{"id":103610,"arabic":"صيغة 'ماننج'","english":"Manning’s formula","french":"formule de Manning [f.]","description":"صيغة رياضية تُستخدم لحساب مُتوسط سُرعة تيار ما بواسطة مُعامل السُرعة الذي وضعه روبرت ماننج (مهندس من القرن التاسع عشر)، وذلك في المجاري المائية المفتوحة والأعمال النهرية. وتُستخدم صيغة ماننج في الولايات المُتحدة الأمريكية ودول أخرى بدلاً من صيغة براندت-كولبروك.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103610"},{"id":103611,"arabic":"إنتاج","english":"manufacture / production","french":"fabrication [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103611"},{"id":103612,"arabic":"مُصنِّع","english":"manufacturer","french":"constructeur / fabricant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103612"},{"id":103613,"arabic":"تَبْطين بنائيّ","english":"masonry lining","french":"revêtement de maçonnerie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103613"},{"id":103614,"arabic":"مَرْكَز الكُتلة","english":"mass centre","french":"centre de gravité de volume [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103614"},{"id":103615,"arabic":"مُنحنى تراكميّ","english":"mass curve","french":"courbe de sommation [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مُخطط تَراكُميّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103616))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103615"},{"id":103616,"arabic":"مُخطط تَراكُميّ","english":"mass diagram","french":"courbe de sommation [f.]","description":"مُخطط تُسجّل عليه القيم التراكمية لكمية الأمطار المُتساقطة أو المدد النهري في مُقابل الزمن، في مجال الهيدرولوجيا. (انظر: [مُنحنى تراكميّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103615))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103616"},{"id":103617,"arabic":"دَفْق كُتليّ","english":"mass flow","french":"débit de masse [m.] / flux massique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103617"},{"id":103618,"arabic":"وَزْن عِياريّ","english":"mass per unit area","french":"poids unitaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103618"},{"id":103619,"arabic":"كُتلَة مُرتبِطة بالمِساحة","english":"mass precipitation curve / mass per unit area","french":"masse surfacique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103619"},{"id":103620,"arabic":"مُنحنى التراكُمات المتبقية لتساقط الأمطار","english":"mass rainfall curve, residual","french":"courbe des chutes de pluie cumulées divergentes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103620"},{"id":103621,"arabic":"بيانات رئيسية","english":"master data (pl.)","french":"données de base (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103621"},{"id":103622,"arabic":"مادة","english":"material","french":"matériau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103622"},{"id":103623,"arabic":"اختبار غير مُتلِف للمواد","english":"material testing, non-destructive","french":"contrôle de matériau, non destructif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103623"},{"id":103624,"arabic":"ضَغْط المصفوفة","english":"matric pressure","french":"pression matricielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103624"},{"id":103625,"arabic":"عَرْض أقصى للقاع","english":"maximum base width","french":"largeur de plafond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103625"},{"id":103626,"arabic":"ضغْط تَصمِيميّ أقصى","english":"maximum design pressure (MDP)","french":"pression maximale de calcul (MDP) [f.]","description":"ضغط التشغيل الداخلي الأقصى الخاص بنظام أو قطاع ما، والذي يقوم بتعيينه المُصمم مع مُراعاة التطورات المُستقبلية، مُتضمنة بذلك صدمات الضغط. الاختصار: MDP MDPa = صدمة ضغط مُحددة - MDPc صدمة ضغط محسوبة. 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(DIN EN 858-1:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103629"},{"id":103630,"arabic":"المنسوب الأقصى للمياه في حالة الطوارئ","english":"maximum water level in an emergency","french":"niveau maximal de crue en cas d'urgence","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103630"},{"id":103631,"arabic":"مُتوِّسط القُطْر الخارجيّ","english":"mean outside diameter","french":"diamètre extérieur moyen [m.]","description":"هو ناتج قسمة المُحيط الخارجي المُقاس لأنبوب أو بداية القطعة الخاصة في موضع مُعين للمقطع العرضي العمودي على محور الأنبوب، العدد pi = 3.412 تقريباً، بمقدار 0.1 مم. رمز المُعادلات: em\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103631"},{"id":103632,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس ومُراقبة","english":"measurement and monitoring equipment","french":"appareil de mesure et de contrôle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103632"},{"id":103633,"arabic":"جِهاز خاص للقياس والمُراقبة","english":"measurement and test equipment, special","french":"appareil de mesure et de contrôle, spécial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103633"},{"id":103634,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس على الشابكة (أونلاين)","english":"measurement equipment, online","french":"appareil de mesure en ligne [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103634"},{"id":103635,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس منسوب المياه","english":"measurement equipment, water level","french":"appareil de mesure du niveau d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103635"},{"id":103636,"arabic":"محطة قِياس نقّالة","english":"measurement station, mobile","french":"station de mesure, mobile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103636"},{"id":103637,"arabic":"محطة قِياس ثابتة","english":"measurement station, static","french":"station de mesure, stationnaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103637"},{"id":103638,"arabic":"قِياس طبقة الفصل","english":"measurement, separation layer","french":"mesure du niveau d'interface [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103638"},{"id":103639,"arabic":"عملية قِياس","english":"measuring method / measurement procedure","french":"procédé de mesure [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103639"},{"id":103640,"arabic":"هَدّار قِياس","english":"measuring weir / notched weir","french":"déversoir de jaugeage [m.]","description":"تجهيزة أو مُنشأة لقياس دفق المياه. ويتكوّن عامةً من سد عريض القمة أو مقطع مُستطيل (أو ذو شكل عريض مُشابه). ويُتّخذ العلوّ أمام السد مقياساً مرجعياً لكمية المياه المُتدفقة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103640"},{"id":103641,"arabic":"غِشَاء","english":"membrane","french":"noyau d’étanchéité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103641"},{"id":103642,"arabic":"حلقة تثبيت الغشاء الرَّقِّيّ","english":"membrane clamping collar","french":"anneau de serrage à membrane [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103642"},{"id":103643,"arabic":"غِشَاء رقيّ شبه مُنْفِذ اِصطناعيّ","english":"membrane, artificial semi-permeable","french":"membrane, artificielle semi-perméable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103643"},{"id":103644,"arabic":"قياس فتحات المدخل","english":"mesh / mesh size / width","french":"largeur de mailles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103644"},{"id":103645,"arabic":"شَبَكة","english":"mesh / network / web","french":"réseau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103645"},{"id":103646,"arabic":"أليف الحرارة المعتدلة","english":"mesophilic","french":"mésophile","description":"وصف لنطاق درجات الحرارة الذي تنشط فيه الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة عند درجات حرارة تتراوح بين: 30°س و 45°س في المُعتاد. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103646"},{"id":103647,"arabic":"مَسيل قِياس","english":"meter flume","french":"canal de mesure [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103647"},{"id":103648,"arabic":"قناة قِياس","english":"meter flume / rating flume","french":"canal de mesure [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103648"},{"id":103649,"arabic":"درجة القَلَوِية عند نقطة نهاية أحمر الميثيل","english":"methyl red-end point alkalinity","french":"alcalinité au point de virage du rouge de méthyle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103649"},{"id":103650,"arabic":"مُضادّ ميكروبيّ","english":"microbicide","french":"microbicide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103650"},{"id":103651,"arabic":"مناخ أصغري","english":"microclimate","french":"microclimat [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103651"},{"id":103652,"arabic":"كائنات حيّة دقيقة تعيش في وسط مُعتدل الرطوبة","english":"micro-organism, mesophilic","french":"micro-organisme, mésophile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103652"},{"id":103653,"arabic":"مِصفاة دقيقة","english":"microstrainer / micro-screen","french":"microtamis [m.]","description":"مصفاة أسطوانية تدور حول محور أفقي، يتم غمرها بالماء جُزئياً، وتتدفق المياه فيها أفقياً بهدف إزالة المواد الدقيقة (الميكروية) من الماء. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103653"},{"id":103654,"arabic":"بِنية مِجهَرية","english":"microstructure","french":"microstructure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103654"},{"id":103655,"arabic":"بِنية دَقِيقة","english":"microstructure","french":"microstructure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103655"},{"id":103656,"arabic":"مِلّي مُكافئ","english":"milliequivalent","french":"milliéquivalent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103656"},{"id":103657,"arabic":"مِلّي مُكافئ لكل لتر","english":"milliequivalent per litre","french":"milliéquivalent par litre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103657"},{"id":103658,"arabic":"أدنى اتساع","english":"minimum bore / minimum diameter","french":"diamètre minimal [m.] / alésage minimal [m.] / diamètre intérieur minimal [m.]","description":"أصغر اتساع مسموح به، للأنابيب مثلاً، كما هو منصوص عليه في المواصفة القياسية المعنية. رمز المُعادلات: DSmin وحدة القياس: مليمتر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103658"},{"id":103659,"arabic":"أدنى حِمل ساحق","english":"minimum crushing load","french":"charge minimale à l'essai d'écrasement [f.]","description":"اختبار لقوة التحمّل، ويلزم إجراؤه على مُكوّنات وأجزاء مُعينة من الوحدات والأجهزة بتسليط أدنى حِمل يؤدي إلى انهيار العيّنة الجاري اختبارها. 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(DIN EN 295-1:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103698"},{"id":103699,"arabic":"ضغط اسميّ","english":"nominal pressure (PN)","french":"pression nominale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103699"},{"id":103700,"arabic":"قيمة إسمية","english":"nominal size / nominal value / nominal width","french":"taille nominale [f.]","description":"قيمة مُميزة ليس لها وحدة قياس مُعينة: على سبيل المثال قيمة بنائية مُعيّرة أو أقصى نسبة تدفق مسموح بها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103700"},{"id":103701,"arabic":"قيمة اسمية","english":"nominal value / rated value","french":"valeur nominale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103701"},{"id":103702,"arabic":"قيمة اسمية","english":"nominal value / rated value","french":"valeur nominale [f.]","description":"منسوب المياه في مقطع طولي في مجرى مائي يتدفق فيه تيار سريع نسبياُ. 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(DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103709"},{"id":103710,"arabic":"فواقِد مائية","english":"non-revenue water","french":"eau non facturée [f.]","description":"المحفز البروتينيّ الذي يَنتج عن العمليات البيولوجية، والذي يعمل على تسريع التحويل من مركب (أو عدة مركبات) إلى مركب آخر (أو مركبات أخرى). مسوّدة المواصفة DIN ISO 11074:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103710"},{"id":103711,"arabic":"رأسيّ (شاقولي)","english":"normal / perpendicular / vertical","french":"verticale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103711"},{"id":103712,"arabic":"عُمْق عاديّ","english":"normal depth","french":"profondeur normale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103712"},{"id":103713,"arabic":"أقصى كمية مياه تصميمية","english":"normal flow, maximum","french":"volume d'eau nominal maximal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103713"},{"id":103714,"arabic":"أقصى تدفق اعتياديّ","english":"normal flow, maximum","french":"débit normal maximal [m.]","description":"(انظر: [أقصى كمية مياه تصميمية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103713))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103714"},{"id":103715,"arabic":"تشغيل عاديّ","english":"normal operation","french":"exploitation normale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103715"},{"id":103716,"arabic":"منسوب المياه المُعتاد أثناء التشغيل","english":"normal water surface elevation; water level","french":"niveau d’eau industrielle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103716"},{"id":103717,"arabic":"ثُلْمَة","english":"notch","french":"entaille [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103717"},{"id":103718,"arabic":"منفَث","english":"nozzle; jet","french":"buse [f.]; ponceau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103718"},{"id":103719,"arabic":"سُرعة دَوَرانية","english":"number of revolutions; rotational speed (rpm)","french":"vitesse de rotation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103719"},{"id":103720,"arabic":"مُحتوٍ على مُغذّيات","english":"nutrient containing","french":"contenant des matières nutritives","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103720"},{"id":103721,"arabic":"مُحتوى غذائيّ","english":"nutrient content","french":"teneur en éléments nutritifs [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103721"},{"id":103722,"arabic":"فقير في نسبة المُغذيّات","english":"nutrient deficient / nutrient poor","french":"contenant peur de matières nutritives","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103722"},{"id":103723,"arabic":"مُغذّيات بيولوجية للتُربة","english":"nutrient media, biological","french":"couche nourricière, biologique [f.] / couche nutritive, biologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103723"},{"id":103724,"arabic":"أملاح مُغذيّة","english":"nutrient salts (pl.)","french":"sels nutritifs (pl.) 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(DIN EN 12056-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103731"},{"id":103732,"arabic":"تُرْعَة تخفيف","english":"offtake canal","french":"canal de prise [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103732"},{"id":103733,"arabic":"امتصاص الزيت","english":"oil absorption","french":"absorption d'huile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103733"},{"id":103734,"arabic":"سيارة مكافحة الزيت","english":"oil defence vehicle","french":"véhicule d'intervention pour les sinistres [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103734"},{"id":103735,"arabic":"سير ناقل لفصل الزيت","english":"oil separator conveyor","french":"transporteur à séparation d'huile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103735"},{"id":103736,"arabic":"مِقْشَدَة الزيت","english":"oil skimmer","french":"écumoire d'huile (skimmer) [m.] / récupérateur d'huile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103736"},{"id":103737,"arabic":"قياس بالشم","english":"olfactometry","french":"olfactométrie [f.]","description":"عملية استشعارية (تعتمد على حاسة الشم) لقياس كمية تركيز المواد ذات الرائحة. وتُعتبر أنف الفاحص هي 'جهاز القياس' هنا، حيث يتم إدخال هواء مُحايد (هواء مضغوط مثلاً) على عينة الهواء المُحمّلة بالرائحة في تجهيزة تخفيف. ويتم تحديد مقدار الرائحة عن طريق مجموعة من الفاحصين، حيث يقوم كل فاحص بتحديد عدد أجزاء الهواء المُحايد التي تدخل على جُزء الهواء المُحمّل بالرائحة، حتى يتم شم رائحة بسيطة للغاية لهذا الخليط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103737"},{"id":103738,"arabic":"فقير التغذية","english":"oligotrophic","french":"oligotrophe","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103738"},{"id":103739,"arabic":"تحليل على الشابكة (أونلاين)","english":"online analysis","french":"analyse en ligne [f.]","description":"الطريقة التي تُجرى بها عملية القياس في تحويلة المفاعل، (أنظر أيضاً القياس الخطيّ).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103739"},{"id":103740,"arabic":"مِقياس العَكَارة","english":"opacimeter","french":"turbidimètre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103740"},{"id":103741,"arabic":"بوابة مفتوحة لقناة صرف صحيّ","english":"open channel gate","french":"vanne de canal ouverte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103741"},{"id":103742,"arabic":"مجرى مكشوف","english":"open duct","french":"conduit à surface libre [m.]","description":"المحلول الناتج عن غسل مادة صلبة باستخدام مُذيب. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103742"},{"id":103743,"arabic":"دائرة تشغيل","english":"operating cycle","french":"cycle de manoeuvres","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103743"},{"id":103744,"arabic":"بيانات التشغيل","english":"operating data (pl.) / service data (pl.)","french":"données d’exploitation (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103744"},{"id":103745,"arabic":"تجهيزة تشغيل","english":"operating equipment","french":"équipement d'exploitation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103745"},{"id":103746,"arabic":"جِهاز التشغيل","english":"operating gear","french":"mécanisme de commande [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103746"},{"id":103747,"arabic":"مستوى انخفاض الطاقة الكهرومائية","english":"operating head / head at the power plant","french":"hauteur de chute du centrale électrique","description":"في محطة توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، الفارق في الارتفاع بين منسوب المياه الأمامية قبل الشبكة ومنسوب المياه الخلفية بعد خرطوم السحب الخاص في المحطة. رمز المُعادلات: K\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103747"},{"id":103748,"arabic":"ضَغْط التشغيل المسموح به","english":"operating pressure, allowable","french":"pression de fonctionnement admissible [f.]","description":"هو أعلى ضغط هيدروستاتي مؤثر على جزء من وصلة ماسورة أثناء فترة التشغيل، الاختصار: PFA. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103748"},{"id":103749,"arabic":"اضطراب التشغيل","english":"operating trouble","french":"perturbation de fonctionnement","description":"انحراف عن حالة التشغيل الطبيعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103749"},{"id":103750,"arabic":"نَمَطُ التشغيل","english":"operation mode","french":"mode de fonctionnement [m.]","description":"مُتغيرات التأثيرعلى وحدات التشغيل والمُكوّنات الكهربائية الأخرى فيما يتعلق بطريقة عملها، مثلاً تواترالتشغيل ودرجة الحرارة. (DIN EN 12255-1:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103750"},{"id":103751,"arabic":"طريقة التشغيل","english":"operational procedure","french":"procédure d'exploitation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103751"},{"id":103752,"arabic":"عملية (التشغيل التقنيّ)","english":"operations (tech.)","french":"service (techn.) 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(DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103752"},{"id":103753,"arabic":"لولب مزدوج عكسيّ الحركة","english":"opposed double-lead screw","french":"double vis sans fin contraire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103753"},{"id":103754,"arabic":"عَكْسيّ","english":"opposed; contrarotating","french":"opposé","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103754"},{"id":103755,"arabic":"أحياء دقيقة هوائية","english":"organism, aerobic","french":"organisme, aérobie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103755"},{"id":103756,"arabic":"أحياء دقيقة ذاتيّة التغذية","english":"organism, autotrophic","french":"organisme, autotrophe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103756"},{"id":103757,"arabic":"قُولُونات بُرازِية","english":"organism, faecal coliform","french":"organisme fécale coliforme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103757"},{"id":103758,"arabic":"أحياء دقيقة مُنظِّفة","english":"organism, scouring","french":"organismes de curage (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103758"},{"id":103759,"arabic":"انتشار غِشائيّ","english":"osmosis","french":"osmose [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103759"},{"id":103760,"arabic":"مُكافئ تناضُحيّ","english":"osmotic equivalent","french":"équivalent osmotique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103760"},{"id":103761,"arabic":"مَنفَذ","english":"outfall / outlet / drain","french":"dégorgeoir [m.] / issue / déchargeoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103761"},{"id":103762,"arabic":"مَخرَج","english":"outlet","french":"orifice [m.]","description":"تجهيزة لتصريف الماء تُركّب على خط فرعي حامل للرشاشات مثلاً. ويتم تحويل الماء المُصرّف إلى رأس حامل الرشاشات عن طريق أنبوب صاعد، يكون مُركّباً عند القابض أو في مُنتصف الأنبوب. (انظر: أُنْبوب ارتفاع)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103762"},{"id":103763,"arabic":"وُصْلة تصريف","english":"outlet connection / outlet branch","french":"raccord de sortie","description":"قطعة من أنبوب تصريف مُزوّدة بفتحة قابلة للضبط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103763"},{"id":103764,"arabic":"صِمام تفريغ","english":"outlet valve / discharge valve","french":"vanne de décharge [f.] / soupape de décharge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103764"},{"id":103765,"arabic":"أداء","english":"output / performance / capacity","french":"performance","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103765"},{"id":103766,"arabic":"خَرْجُ جِهاز طَرْد مركزيّ","english":"output of centrifuge","french":"rendement en solides d'une centrifugeuse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103766"},{"id":103767,"arabic":"هواء خارجيّ","english":"outside air","french":"air libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103767"},{"id":103768,"arabic":"قُطْر (ال...) الخارِجي الإسميّ","english":"outside diameter, external","french":"diamètre extérieur nominal [m.]","description":"القُطر الخارجي المُحدد مُقاساً بالملي متر، وهو يتبع بُعد إسمي مُعيّن. رمز المُعادلات: dn","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103768"},{"id":103769,"arabic":"قُطْر خارجِي للأنبوب","english":"outside pipe diameter; outside diameter of pipe","french":"diamètre extérieur de tuyau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103769"},{"id":103770,"arabic":"درجة الحرارة الخارجية","english":"outside temperature","french":"température extérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103770"},{"id":103771,"arabic":"بَيْضاويّ","english":"oval","french":"ovale; ovoïde","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103771"},{"id":103772,"arabic":"ارتفاع اجمالي","english":"overall height","french":"hauteur totale[f.]","description":"في مجال المياه الجوفية والمناطق غير المُشبعة بالمياه، هو الشُغل اللازم بذله لنقل كمية مُتناهية الصغر من الماء في مُستوى مُحدد بالنسبة لسطح الأرض وعند الضغط الجويّ بشكل لا يُمكن عكس حركته وعلى نحو مُتعادل الحرارة من خزان المياه النقية إلى ماء التربة مقسوماً على وزن المياه المنقولة. رمز المُعادلات: t\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103772"},{"id":103773,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط إجماليّ السرعة على المقطع المستعرض","english":"overall mean velocity","french":"vitesse moyenne pour une section [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103773"},{"id":103774,"arabic":"مخلص (مجرى المياه الزائدة)","english":"overfall; overflow; overflow structure; spillway","french":"évacuateur","description":"توصيلة أنبوبية مزودة بوصلة فلانشية أحادية الجانب. وعلاوة على ذلك توجد سدادة ذات فلانشتان، أي مزودة بوصلتين فلانشيتين، وكذلك وصلة حلقية حرف (T) مُزودة بثلاث وصلات فلانشية، والوصلة ثنائية الفلانشة المُزودة بأنبوب مُنحني، وغيرها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103774"},{"id":103775,"arabic":"تيارات الكثافة العليا","english":"overflow density current","french":"courant de densité superficiel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103775"},{"id":103776,"arabic":"تيارات العَكَر المتدفقة","english":"overflow turbidity current","french":"courant turbidité de surface [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103776"},{"id":103777,"arabic":"كَتامَة سطحية للتربة","english":"overland flow; surface runoff","french":"ruissellement [m.]; imperméabilité du sol [f.]","description":"إضافة مواد ضعيفة النفاذية للماء والهواء على سطح التربة. 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system variable","french":"grandeur système [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103790"},{"id":103791,"arabic":"طُفيليّ","english":"parasitic","french":"parasite","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103791"},{"id":103792,"arabic":"جُسيْم","english":"particle","french":"particule [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103792"},{"id":103793,"arabic":"امتصاص سلبيّ","english":"passive absorption","french":"absorption passive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103793"},{"id":103794,"arabic":"بَسْتَرة","english":"pasteurisation","french":"pasteurisation [f.]","description":"عملية تدفئة أو تسخين تحدث لوقت قصير نسبياً، والغرض منها إبادة الجراثيم المُسببة للأمراض، أو خفض تركيزها خلال فترة زمنية مُحددة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103794"},{"id":103795,"arabic":"جراثيم مُمْرِضة","english":"pathogenic / pathogenous","french":"pathogène","description":"جراثيم مُسببة للأمراض","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103795"},{"id":103796,"arabic":"مُسبِّب الأمراض (جراثيم)","english":"pathogenic germ","french":"germe pathogène [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103796"},{"id":103797,"arabic":"القضاء على مُسبِّبات الأمراض","english":"pathogens extermination","french":"extermination de germes pathogènes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103797"},{"id":103798,"arabic":"عَجَلَة بلتن","english":"Pelton wheel / Pelton water wheel / Pelton turbine","french":"turbine Pelton [f.]","description":"تُستخدم عنفة بلتن في محطات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية. وسُمّيت على اسم المُهندس الأمريكي ليستر بلتن (Lester Pelton)، وهي تُستخدم على الأخص مع المساقط المائية الكبيرة بدءاً من 30 متر إلى 1000 متر تقريباً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103798"},{"id":103799,"arabic":"قُرْص ترقيم","english":"pendant / tag","french":"plaque de repérage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103799"},{"id":103800,"arabic":"عُمق الاختراق","english":"penetration; depth of penetration","french":"pénétration [f.]; profondeur de pénétration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103800"},{"id":103801,"arabic":"اختراق","english":"penetration; permeation","french":"pénétration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103801"},{"id":103802,"arabic":"دعائم أنابيب الضغط","english":"penstock support; penstock pier","french":"supports de conduite forcée","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103802"},{"id":103803,"arabic":"مستوى الضوضاء المحسوس","english":"perceived noise level","french":"niveau de bruit perçu","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103803"},{"id":103804,"arabic":"رَشْح","english":"percolation; seepage","french":"percolation [f.]; infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103804"},{"id":103805,"arabic":"دائم طَوال السنة","english":"perennial","french":"pérenne","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103805"},{"id":103806,"arabic":"تصريف مستدام","english":"perennial yield / sustained yield","french":"débit permanent [m.] / débit d'écoulement permanent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103806"},{"id":103807,"arabic":"قاطِع شبه منفذ","english":"perforated cutoff; semi-impervious cutoff","french":"joint interrompu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103807"},{"id":103808,"arabic":"قُدرة الأداء","english":"performance / efficiency / potential","french":"capacité de production","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103808"},{"id":103809,"arabic":"‌بريسيكل","english":"pericycle","french":"péricycle [m]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103809"},{"id":103810,"arabic":"نَفاذية","english":"permeability","french":"perméabilité [f.]","description":"مقدرة التربة أو الأحجار والصخور على تحويل وتصريف المياه. (DIN EN ISO 22475-1:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103810"},{"id":103811,"arabic":"نَفاذية","english":"permeability","french":"perméabilité [f.]","description":"خواص الصخور أو السوائل أو الغازات من حيث تمرير السوائل، وهي مُستمدة من قانون دارسي. رمز المُعادلات: K أو Darcy، وحدة القياس: م². وفي الاستخدام اللغوي الألماني توصف على أنها قابلية النفاذ أو القدرة على النفاذية. (انظر: نَفاذية). وللتوصيف التياريّ الميكانيكي لحركة المياه الجوفية تُعد القيم المأخوذة من هذه القياسات هي كل من مُعامل النفاذية (انظر: مُعامِل النفاذية)، والموصلية الهيدرولية (انظر: والموصلية الهيدرولية).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103811"},{"id":103812,"arabic":"معامل النفاذية","english":"permeability factor","french":"facteur de perméabilité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103812"},{"id":103813,"arabic":"قدرة التحمل الدائم","english":"permissible continuous load","french":"charge admissible permanente [f.]","description":"قدرة التحمل في حالة التشغيل الدائم بأقصى طاقة. رمز المُعادلات: YD. (DIN EN 12255-1:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103813"},{"id":103814,"arabic":"سُرعة مسموح بها (مباحة)","english":"permitted speed","french":"vitesse, autorisée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103814"},{"id":103815,"arabic":"مُداوَمة","english":"persistence / stability / persistency","french":"persistance [f.] / stabilité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103815"},{"id":103816,"arabic":"امتراز فائق","english":"persorption","french":"persorption [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103816"},{"id":103817,"arabic":"فاصِل البنزين","english":"petrol separator","french":"séparateur d'essence [m.]","description":"تجهيزة لاستقبال وتجميع البنزين في خطوط التصريف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103817"},{"id":103818,"arabic":"مُبَدِّد الطاقة طراز 'فايفر'","english":"Pfeiffer energy dissipater","french":"convertisseur d’énergie de Pfeiffer [m.]","description":"مُبدّد يتكوّن من حوض تهدئة دون عتبة نهاية، وفيه يمر الماء من الخزان خلال صمامات البوابة المُعدة تحت السد، ثم تخرج المياه في نفس الوقت من الخزان نحو فرش الجابية من خلال فتحات من أسفل السد. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103818"},{"id":103819,"arabic":"مَعْمَل","english":"physical plant / installation","french":"établissement [m.] / installation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103819"},{"id":103820,"arabic":"عَوالِق نباتية","english":"phytoplankton","french":"phytoplancton [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103820"},{"id":103821,"arabic":"مقياس ضغْط السوائل","english":"piezometer","french":"piézomètre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103821"},{"id":103822,"arabic":"تَدرُّج عُلُوّ الضغْط","english":"piezometric level","french":"ligne des niveaux piézométriques[f.]","description":"خط وصل عمودي لنقاط النهاية الخاصة بالضغط البياني العمودي الزائد عن الضغط الجيوديسي. (يستخدم في نظرية حزمة خطوط السريان غالباً) (انظر: تَدرُّج عُلُوّ الضغْط (الضاغط)) (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103822"},{"id":103823,"arabic":"سَطْح بيزومتريّ","english":"piezometric surface; pressure surface","french":"niveau piézométrique [m.]","description":"سطح تخيُّلي مُغطى تماماً بضغط المياه في الطبقة الحاملة للمياه. كما يُقصد به منسوب المياه الخاص بتيار المياه الجوفية الواقعة تحت ضغط. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة شئون الغاز والمياه: 1983 (DVGW))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103823"},{"id":103824,"arabic":"خازُوق","english":"pile","french":"pieu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103824"},{"id":103825,"arabic":"ستارة خوازيق لوحية","english":"pile dike / sheet piling / pile wall","french":"palissade [f.]","description":"سلسلة من الخوازيق الخشبية أو الخرسانية التي عادةً ما تكون مدقوقة أو محفور لها في التربة بعضها بجانب بعض مُباشرةً، وقد يتم ربطها معاَ عند الحاجة. 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Plastic fitting","french":"raccord en plastique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103853"},{"id":103854,"arabic":"تَشَوُّه لَدْن","english":"plastic deformation","french":"déformation plastique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103854"},{"id":103855,"arabic":"حَدُّ اللُّدُونة","english":"plastic limit","french":"limite de plasticité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103855"},{"id":103856,"arabic":"حَدُّ اللُّدُونة","english":"plastic limit","french":"limite de plasticité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103856"},{"id":103857,"arabic":"مَدى اللُّدُونة","english":"plastic range","french":"zone de plasticité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103857"},{"id":103858,"arabic":"قابلية التشكيل","english":"plasticity","french":"plasticité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103858"},{"id":103859,"arabic":"عَدَدُ المُستعمرات البكتيرية في الماء","english":"plate count / colony count","french":"numération sur plaque [f.] / comptage de colonie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103859"},{"id":103860,"arabic":"سِدادة","english":"plug","french":"tampon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103860"},{"id":103861,"arabic":"سِدادة","english":"plug / waterstop","french":"bouchon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103861"},{"id":103862,"arabic":"لوحة التحكم الكهربائي","english":"plugboard; 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(انظر: [مُدة الاحتجاز](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110265)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104044"},{"id":104045,"arabic":"عملية سَحْب الأنابيب","english":"retraction process","french":"procédé de rétraction [m.]","description":"عملية تجري في بناء شبكات الصرف، على سبيل المثال عند تجديد أنابيب وقنوات الصرف الصحيّ. وفيها يتم إدخال الخراطيم المُشرّبة في الأجزاء المُراد تجديدها بواسطة رافعة ذات كابل، ومن ثم تركيبها بالهواء المضغوط أو بالماء وضغطها باتجاه جدار الأنبوب الحامل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104045"},{"id":104046,"arabic":"عَددُ رينولدز","english":"Reynold’s number","french":"nombre de Reynolds [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104046"},{"id":104047,"arabic":"حافة الخزان","english":"rim (reservoir)","french":"bord de réservoir de retenue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104047"},{"id":104048,"arabic":"حَلْقة تثبيت","english":"ring beam; supporting ring","french":"anneau de support [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104048"},{"id":104049,"arabic":"مُقاوَمة انحناء الحلقة","english":"ring bending tensile strength","french":"résistance circulaire à la traction sous pliage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104049"},{"id":104050,"arabic":"بوابة حلقية تابعة","english":"ring follower gate","french":"vanne à diaphragme circulaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104050"},{"id":104051,"arabic":"بوابة ذات حابك حلقيّ","english":"ring seal gate","french":"vanne à joint annulaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104051"},{"id":104052,"arabic":"صلابة قطرية","english":"ring stiffness","french":"rigidité diamétrale [f.]; rigidité annulaire [f.]","description":"الخواص الميكانيكية لأنبوب من حيث قياس تحمليته لتشوه مقطعه العرضي عند تعرضه لتأثير قوة خارجية","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104052"},{"id":104053,"arabic":"مُقاوَمة الحلقة","english":"ring strenght","french":"résistance annulaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104053"},{"id":104054,"arabic":"دَكَّة حجرية","english":"riprap / rockfill","french":"enrochement [m.]","description":"أحجار طبيعية أو كسر أحجار مُتراكمة ومُتراصة، تُستخدم في إنشاء الكتل الداعمة لحاجز أو سد أو طبقة أساس، إلخ. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA)، لائحة رقم 507-1 (12/2011))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104054"},{"id":104055,"arabic":"نَهْر","english":"river","french":"rivière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104055"},{"id":104056,"arabic":"حَوْض النهر","english":"river basin","french":"bassin fluvial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104056"},{"id":104057,"arabic":"حوض النهر","english":"river basin / river catchment","french":"bassin d'un fleuve [m.]","description":"مُستجمع يتم تصريف المياه منه في البحر، عن طريق نهر وجميع روافده من المنبع إلى المصب، سواء من فوق الأرض أو تحت الأرض (منطقة النهر). ويدخل ضمنه أيضاً كل الأنهار الفرعية أو الأحواض الجانبية، وما إلى ذلك. ولا يكون هناك في الغالب تطابق تام بين المُستجمع فوق الأرضي وحتى منطقة التحويل والُمستجمع تحت الأرضي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104057"},{"id":104058,"arabic":"مِنطَقة حَوْض النهر","english":"river basin district","french":"unité de bassin fluvial [f.]","description":"منطقة مُحددة على اليابسة أو في البحر لإدارة المُستجمعات، تتكوّن من مُستجمع واحد أو من عدة مُستجمعات مُتجاورة، بما يشمل المياه الجوفية ومياه الشواطئ التابعة لها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104058"},{"id":104059,"arabic":"سرير المجرى المائي","english":"river bed","french":"lit de cours d’eau [m.]","description":"تحلّل المادة المُذابة في محلول ملحيّ أو أحماض أو قلويات بواسطة تيار كهربائيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104059"},{"id":104060,"arabic":"هندسة الأنهار","english":"river works development","french":"ingénierie fluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104060"},{"id":104061,"arabic":"نَهْر راشِد","english":"river, mature","french":"fleuve entièrement développé [m.]","description":"الزمن الذي تحتاجه مياه الأمطار للانتقال من نقطة هيدرولية معيارية في المُستجمع إلى نقطة مُحددة في شبكة الصرف. رمز المُعادلات: tf. 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(الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2009)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104067"},{"id":104068,"arabic":"مرشح دائري","english":"round filter","french":"filtre disque [m.]; filtre circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104068"},{"id":104069,"arabic":"نظام الري برشاشات في صفوف","english":"row irrigation system","french":"système affilé d'irrigation [m.] / système d'irrigation de suite [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104069"},{"id":104070,"arabic":"صِمام قَرْص (ضغط) مطاطيّ","english":"rubber pinch valve","french":"vanne à manchon en caoutchouc [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104070"},{"id":104071,"arabic":"مياه الأمطار","english":"run-off (on surface) / stormwater (in sewer) / surface water / rainwater","french":"eaux pluviales (pl.) 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(DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104416"},{"id":104417,"arabic":"أداة","english":"tool","french":"outil [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104417"},{"id":104418,"arabic":"عُدّة شدّ","english":"tool, tensioning","french":"outil de serrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104418"},{"id":104419,"arabic":"طبقة سطحية","english":"top layer","french":"couche superficielle","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104419"},{"id":104420,"arabic":"حد أقصى لمنسوب سطح مياه التشغيل","english":"top water level (TWL)","french":"niveau d'eau maximum de fonctionnement [m.]; niveau haut maximum [m.]","description":"أعلى منسوب للمياه الموجودة في مُنشأة ما عند تشغيلها. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104420"},{"id":104421,"arabic":"عرْض السطح","english":"top width / surface width","french":"largeur de surface [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104421"},{"id":104422,"arabic":"عَزْم الدوران","english":"torque","french":"couple de rotation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104422"},{"id":104423,"arabic":"إجمالي المواد الصلبة المذابة","english":"total dissolved solids (TDS) (pl.)","french":"matières solides dissoutes totales (pl.) [f.] / corps solides, globalement dissous [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104423"},{"id":104424,"arabic":"إجمالي الدفق الداخل","english":"total flow / total inflow","french":"amenée totale [f.]","description":"مجموع مُعدلات التدفق الحجمية المعيارية المُستخدمة في العمليات الحسابية. رمز المُعادلات: gesتدفق كليّ) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104424"},{"id":104425,"arabic":"إجمالي فقد الضغط","english":"total head loss","french":"hauteur totale de refoulement [f.] / perte de charge totale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104425"},{"id":104426,"arabic":"اجمالي فاقد العلو","english":"total head loss","french":"hauteur de perte totale [f.]","description":"مجموع نسب الفقد في الطاقة بفعل عملية التدفق. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104426"},{"id":104427,"arabic":"فاقِد إجماليّ","english":"total loss","french":"perte totale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104427"},{"id":104428,"arabic":"جُهد إجماليّ","english":"total potential","french":"potentiel total [m.]","description":"في مجال مياه التربة ومناطق التربة غير المُشبعة بالمياه، هو الشغل اللازم بذله لنقل كمية مُتناهية الصغر من الماء في مُستوى مُحدد بالنسبة لسطح الأرض وعند الضغط الجويّ بشكل لا يمكن عكس حركته وعلى نحو مُتعادل الحرارة من خزان المياه النقية إلى ماء التربة عند نقطة قياس يتعين فحصها، مقسوماً على حجم المياه المنقولة. رمز المُعادلات: t\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104428"},{"id":104429,"arabic":"إجماليّ التنفس","english":"total respiration","french":"respiration [f.]","description":"تبادل الغازات بين الكائنات الحيّة والبيئة المحيطة، بما في ذلك إطلاق الطاقة عن طريق الأكسدة في ظروف هوائية أو ظروف تفتقر إلى الأكسجين. وهو مجموع تنفس الخمائر الوسيطة والتنفس الباطني. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104429"},{"id":104430,"arabic":"مُكافِىءٌ سُمِّيّ","english":"toxic equivalent","french":"équivalent toxique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104430"},{"id":104431,"arabic":"سُمِّيَّة","english":"toxicity","french":"toxicité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104431"},{"id":104432,"arabic":"عُنصر نادِر (تحليلي)","english":"trace element (analytical)","french":"élément trace (analytiquement) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104432"},{"id":104433,"arabic":"تدريب","english":"training","french":"instruction [f.] / formation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104433"},{"id":104434,"arabic":"قِطاع انتقاليّ","english":"transition section","french":"section de filtre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104434"},{"id":104435,"arabic":"نِطَاق الانْتقال","english":"transition zone","french":"zone de transition [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104435"},{"id":104436,"arabic":"انتقال موضعيّ","english":"translocation","french":"translocation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104436"},{"id":104437,"arabic":"صندوق التروس","english":"transmission (tech.)","french":"réducteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104437"},{"id":104438,"arabic":"نَقْل (هندسة)","english":"transmission (tech.)","french":"translation (techn.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104438"},{"id":104439,"arabic":"حساس ضغط","english":"transmitter gage; transmitter gauge","french":"mano-transmetteur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104439"},{"id":104440,"arabic":"شَفافية","english":"transparency; transparence","french":"transparence [f.]; limpidité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104440"},{"id":104441,"arabic":"نَتْح","english":"transpiration","french":"transpiration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104441"},{"id":104442,"arabic":"مُعامِل النتْح","english":"transpiration ratio / transpiration coefficient","french":"coefficient de transpiration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104442"},{"id":104443,"arabic":"نِسبة النتْح","english":"transpiration ratio / transpiration efficiency / relative transpiration","french":"rapport de transpiration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104443"},{"id":104444,"arabic":"نَقْل المواد الجامدة","english":"transport of solids","french":"transport de matières solides [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104444"},{"id":104445,"arabic":"سَعَة النقل","english":"transportation capacity","french":"capacité de transport [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104445"},{"id":104446,"arabic":"وُصلة مستعرضة","english":"transverse joint / transverse contraction joint","french":"joint transversal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104446"},{"id":104447,"arabic":"وُصلة انكماش مُستعرِضة","english":"transverse joint / transverse contraction joint","french":"joint transversal rétractable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104447"},{"id":104448,"arabic":"سِدادات الفواصل العرضية","english":"transverse joint seal / sealing strip","french":"étanchéité à joint transversal [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104448"},{"id":104449,"arabic":"تَنْقِية","english":"treatment / cleaning","french":"épuration des déchets [f.] / nettoyage [m.]","description":"من طرق بناء المنزلقات، قالب تكميلي مُستخدم لتسوية وتجانس المسطحات الخرسانية لقاع أو ضفة قناة مثلاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104449"},{"id":104450,"arabic":"مُعالَجة","english":"treatment / conditioning","french":"traitement [m.] / préparation [f.]","description":"مُعالجة المياه بطرق مُعينة بغرض مواءمة خواصها مع الهدف من استعمالها ومع المُتطلبات اللازم توافرها فيها. (DIN 4046:1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104450"},{"id":104451,"arabic":"تَنْقية ميكانيكية","english":"treatment, mechanical","french":"épuration mécanique [f.] / traitement mécanique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104451"},{"id":104452,"arabic":"طريقة مختصرة لتجربة الأحمال","english":"trial load method, abridged","french":"méthode du trial load simplifiée","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104452"},{"id":104453,"arabic":"طريقة موسَّعة لتجربة الأحمال","english":"trial load method, amplified","french":"méthode du trial load simplifiée","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104453"},{"id":104454,"arabic":"طريقة مبسَّطة لتجربة الأحمال","english":"trial load method, simplified","french":"procédé à charge d’essai, simplifié [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104454"},{"id":104455,"arabic":"بوابة محمولة على عربة نقل (بوجي)","english":"truck-mounted gate","french":"vanne wagon sur boggies","description":"في مجال المياه الجوفية والمناطق غير المُشبعة بالمياه، هو الشغل اللازم بذله لنقل كمية مُتناهية الصغر من الماء، يتطابق تركيبها تماماً مع تركيب المياه الجوفية بشكل معكوس وحرارة مُتساوية من خزان جوفيّ يقع على بعد مُحدد عن سطح الأرض، ويتطابق فيه ضغط الغاز الخارجي مع الضغط عند نقطة القياس الجاري فحصها، إلى خزان مُماثل يقع على ذات بُعد نقطة القياس عن سطح الأرض، مقسوماً على حجم الماء المنقول. رمز المُعادلات: g\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104455"},{"id":104456,"arabic":"أنبوب","english":"tube","french":"tube","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104456"},{"id":104457,"arabic":"دعائم أنابيب الضغط","english":"tube support; pipe support","french":"support de tubes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104457"},{"id":104458,"arabic":"صِمام أُنبوبيّ","english":"tube valve","french":"robinet à obturateur tubulaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104458"},{"id":104459,"arabic":"مُفاعِل أُنْبوبيّ","english":"tubular reactor","french":"réacteur tubulaire","description":"نظام مُصمم بشكل مثاليّ ذي خاصية خلط كامل للمياه عمودياً على اتجاه الجريان، ودون خلط وانتشار باتجاه الجريان. (انظر: نِظام مُزوَّد بسريان سِداديّ) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104459"},{"id":104460,"arabic":"ماسورة الأنبوب","english":"tubular shaft","french":"tige tubulaire","description":"DIN EN 476 (8/1997); DIN EN 805 (3/2000): الجزء الأسطوانيّ لأنبوب ذي مقطع مُستعرض مُتجانس، ولا يحتوي على جلبة وَصْل ولا على طرف مخروطيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104460"},{"id":104461,"arabic":"عُكارة المياه","english":"turbidity of water","french":"turbidité des eaux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104461"},{"id":104462,"arabic":"عَكَرٌ","english":"turbidity; cloudiness of liquids; opacity","french":"turbidité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104462"},{"id":104463,"arabic":"تُربينة تدفق شعاعيّ","english":"turbine, radial flow","french":"turbine radiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104463"},{"id":104464,"arabic":"اضطراب الجريان","english":"turbulence","french":"turbulence [f.]","description":"حركة عشوائية لجزئيات المياه. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104464"},{"id":104465,"arabic":"سُرعة مُضطرِبة","english":"turbulent velocity","french":"vitesse turbulente [f.]","description":"السرعة التي إذا زادت في موصل ما، فإن التدفق يبقى مُضطرباً دائماً، وإذا نقصت يُمكن أن يكون التدفق إمّا مُضطرباً أو خيطياً تبعاً للظروف. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104465"},{"id":104466,"arabic":"فاقد الضغط عن طريق صِمام القاع النفّاث","english":"tuyère level pressure loss","french":"perte de pression de plateau à tuyères [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104466"},{"id":104467,"arabic":"بَوّاَبة مَفْصِلية","english":"twist-off capsule","french":"capsule quart de tour","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104467"},{"id":104468,"arabic":"تَجانُس مستعرض","english":"two-dimensional isotropy, transverse","french":"isotropie de surface, bidimensionnelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104468"},{"id":104469,"arabic":"تَسلْسُل تنفيذ الأعمال الإنشائية","english":"type / model / make / type series","french":"série [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104469"},{"id":104470,"arabic":"أسلوب الحماية","english":"type of protection","french":"mode de protection","description":"قيمة تعريفية تُستخدم لتوضيح التأثيرات الحادثة على المُحرّكات والمكوّنات الكهربائية الأخرى، مع مُراعاة التأثيرات البيئية مثل تأثير المياه أو الغبار. (DIN EN 12255-1:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104470"},{"id":104471,"arabic":"أنواع السالمونيلا","english":"type of salmonella","french":"type de salmonelles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104471"},{"id":104472,"arabic":"سَعَة الحمل","english":"ultimate bearing capacity","french":"capacité de charge limite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104472"},{"id":104473,"arabic":"حِمْل الانكسار","english":"ultimate load","french":"charge ultime [f.]","description":"الحمل الذي يؤدّي إلى الانكسار وفقاً للمواصفة القياسية المُعتمدة للمُنتج. (DIN EN 476:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104473"},{"id":104474,"arabic":"ممر سفلي","english":"undercrossing; underpass","french":"voie souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104474"},{"id":104475,"arabic":"حفرة دوّامية","english":"undercutting","french":"excavation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104475"},{"id":104476,"arabic":"تيار الكثافة التحتية","english":"underflow density current","french":"courant de densité submergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104476"},{"id":104477,"arabic":"قناة ممرات الحتات","english":"undersluice channel; scouring sluice channel","french":"chenal des passes de chasse  [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104477"},{"id":104478,"arabic":"عينة مطابقة للطبيعة","english":"undisturbed sample","french":"échantillon, non modifié [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104478"},{"id":104479,"arabic":"مجرى منتظم","english":"uniform channel","french":"conduit constant [m.]","description":"مجرى لا يتغير قطاعه العرضي على امتداد كامل طوله، ويكون مُستقيم التخطيط وثابت الانحدار. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104479"},{"id":104480,"arabic":"تدفق مُنتظم","english":"uniform flow","french":"mouvement uniforme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104480"},{"id":104481,"arabic":"رَسْم مياهيّ للوحدة","english":"unit hydrograph; unit graph","french":"valeur unitaire, hydrographique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104481"},{"id":104482,"arabic":"وحدة وزن رطبة","english":"unit weight (mass unit weight), wet","french":"poids unitaire, humide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104482"},{"id":104483,"arabic":"أقصى وحدة وزن","english":"unit weight, maximum","french":"poids unitaire, maximal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104483"},{"id":104484,"arabic":"وحدة وزن مُشبَّعة","english":"unit weight, saturated","french":"poids unitaire, saturé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104484"},{"id":104485,"arabic":"وحدة زمن استدامة المطر","english":"unit-rainfall duration","french":"durée d'une averse unitaire[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104485"},{"id":104486,"arabic":"مع التيار","english":"upstream","french":"en amont [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104486"},{"id":104487,"arabic":"ضِدّ التيار","english":"upstream","french":"en amont","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104487"},{"id":104488,"arabic":"إدارة الصرف المتكاملة","english":"urban drainage management, integrated","french":"gestion d’assèchement, intégrale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104488"},{"id":104489,"arabic":"يوريا","english":"urea","french":"urée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104489"},{"id":104490,"arabic":"حَجْم مُستخدَم","english":"useful volume","french":"volume utile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104490"},{"id":104491,"arabic":"مُولِّد ضغط خوائيّ","english":"vacuum generator","french":"groupe de vide [m.]","description":"تجهيزة ميكانيكية في محطة تعمل بالضغط الخوائي، وتقوم بتوليد الضغط الخوائي في قناة مجرى خوائي. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104491"},{"id":104492,"arabic":"زمن استعادة الضغط الخوائيّ","english":"vacuum recovery time","french":"temps de rétablissement du vide [m.]","description":"الفترة الزمنية المُقاسة بين اغلاق صمام شفط وبين اللحظة التي يصل فيها الضغط الخوائي في صمام الشفط إلى الدرجة الكافية لفتحه من جديد. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104492"},{"id":104493,"arabic":"صهريج تخلخل","english":"vacuum vessel","french":"cuve de vide [f.]","description":"خزان مُتصل بمولّد للضغط الخوائي وقناة ضغط خوائي. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104493"},{"id":104494,"arabic":"صِهْريج مُخَلْخَل","english":"vacuum vessel","french":"cuve de vide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104494"},{"id":104495,"arabic":"محبس","english":"valve","french":"robinetterie","description":"تجهيزة مُركَّبة في خطوط الأنابيب للإغلاق والفتح والتفريع، وكذلك لقياس الظروف الفيزيائية في الخط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104495"},{"id":104496,"arabic":"صِمام","english":"valve","french":"soupape [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104496"},{"id":104497,"arabic":"تشغيل الصِّمام","english":"valve control","french":"commande de vanne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104497"},{"id":104498,"arabic":"آلية تشغيل الصِّمام","english":"valve control / valve controlled distribution / valve timing","french":"contrôle de vanne [m.]","description":"تجهيزة تفتح صمام الشفط وتغلقه مرة أخرى بعد تفعيلها عن طريق حسّاس امتلاء، وذلك بعد أن يتوقف تدفق مياه الصرف والهواء عبرها. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104498"},{"id":104499,"arabic":"ضَبْط توقيت الصِّمام","english":"valve timing","french":"réglage de vanne [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104499"},{"id":104500,"arabic":"صِمام بكباس تحكم حلقيّ","english":"valve, annular control","french":"vanne annulaire à piston [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104500"},{"id":104501,"arabic":"صمام كرويّ","english":"valve, ball / valve, rotary","french":"robinet à boisseau sphérique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104501"},{"id":104502,"arabic":"صِمام هيدروليّ","english":"valve, hydraulic / valve, regulating","french":"vanne hydraulique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104502"},{"id":104503,"arabic":"مانِع الدفق المرتدّ","english":"valve, non-return","french":"clapet anti-retour [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104503"},{"id":104504,"arabic":"انفصال على هيئة بخار ماء","english":"vaporization","french":"vaporisation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104504"},{"id":104505,"arabic":"ضَغْط البخار","english":"vapour pressure","french":"pression de vapeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104505"},{"id":104506,"arabic":"مُحرِّك بصندوق تروس قابِل للضبط","english":"variable speed motor","french":"motovariateur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104506"},{"id":104507,"arabic":"مِقياس مطر مُتَّجِه","english":"vectofluviometer","french":"vectofluviomètre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104507"},{"id":104508,"arabic":"سُرعة","english":"velocity","french":"vitesse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104508"},{"id":104509,"arabic":"انحدار السرعة","english":"velocity gradient","french":"gradient de vitesse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104509"},{"id":104510,"arabic":"سُرعة السريان","english":"velocity of flow","french":"vitesse de débit [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104510"},{"id":104511,"arabic":"سُرعة الابتعاد","english":"velocity of retreat","french":"vitesse sous ouvrages moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104511"},{"id":104512,"arabic":"تصحيح قضيب السرعة","english":"velocity rod correction","french":"correction de bâton lesté [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104512"},{"id":104513,"arabic":"خِصْر النافورة","english":"vena contracta","french":"section contractée","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104513"},{"id":104514,"arabic":"فتحة تهوية","english":"vent","french":"ouverture d'aération","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104514"},{"id":104515,"arabic":"مِروَحة تهوية","english":"ventilator","french":"ventilateur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104515"},{"id":104516,"arabic":"تجهيزة التنفيس","english":"venting device","french":"système de purge [m.]","description":"جزء خاص موجود بمحبس صمام مرتد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104516"},{"id":104517,"arabic":"هَوامّ","english":"vermin","french":"vermine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104517"},{"id":104518,"arabic":"بوابة رفع رأسيّ","english":"vertical lift gate","french":"porte levante [f.]","description":"مُصطلح عام يُستخدم ليشمل كل البوابات مُستطيلة الشكل، والتي تعمل رأسياً في تجاويف (دروندات) في نفس مُستواها. (انظر: [بوابة منزلقة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108265)) (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104518"},{"id":104519,"arabic":"لُفَافَة سَطْحيّة","english":"vertical shaft","french":"arbre vertical [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104519"},{"id":104520,"arabic":"دفع عمودي","english":"vertical upward thrust","french":"poussée verticale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104520"},{"id":104521,"arabic":"رَسْم مُحيطيّ","english":"vertical view","french":"projection [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104521"},{"id":104522,"arabic":"وعاء","english":"vessel","french":"vase [m.]; réservoir [m.]","description":"المواد وعناصر البناء التي يتم تقسيمها وتسميتها اعتماداً على درجة مُقاومتها (صلابتها) وجودتها، ففي حالة الأنابيب، مثلاً تعتمد درجة المُقاومة على قدرة التحمّل (هنا تسمى قوة السحق) والقطر الإسمي (DN) والعرض الإسمي (WN) أو الطول الإسمي (LN). وفئات المُقاومة تمت مُعايرتها في مجال الصرف الصحي على مُستوى أوروبا طبقاً للمواصفة القياسية الألمانية DIN EN 1917، وأيضاً في العديد من معايير المُنتجات، مثال على ذلك: المواصفة EN 295 (خاصة بالخزف الحجري والفخار)، والمواصفة EN 206 (خاصة بالخرسانة)، والمواصفة ISO 9080 (خاصة بأنابيب البولي إيثيلين)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104522"},{"id":104523,"arabic":"مادة بِكر","english":"virgin material","french":"matière vierge [f.]","description":"مادة قد تكون على شكل حُبيبات أو مسحوق، لم تُستخدم بعد ولم تخضع لأي عمليات مُعالجة، إلا لتلك اللازمة لتصنيعها. كما أنها لم تُمزَج بأية مادة مُتداوَلة أو مُرتجَعة أو مُعاد تدويرها. 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H2S","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104643"},{"id":104644,"arabic":"تَمْييِه، حَلْمَأة","english":"hydrolysis","french":"hydrolyse","description":"التحليل بالماء هو عملية كيميائية يتم من خلالها إضافة جزيئة الماء إلى مادة .","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104644"},{"id":104645,"arabic":"محب للمياه","english":"hydrophilic","french":"hydrophile","description":"وجود تقارب قوي للمياه","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104645"},{"id":104646,"arabic":"كاره للماء","english":"hydrophobic","french":"hydrophobe","description":"وجود  تنافر  قوي مع المياه","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104646"},{"id":104647,"arabic":"ثبات مائي، نبات مائي","english":"hydrophyte (or aquatic plant)","french":"hydrophyte (ou plante aquatique)","description":"هي النباتات التي تكيفت للعيش في البيئات المائية","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104647"},{"id":104648,"arabic":"أيون 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(DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104806"},{"id":104807,"arabic":"كتلة المياه السطحية","english":"body of surface water","french":"masse d’eau de ruissellement [f.]","description":"المقطع الموحّد والأهم من مجرى مائي سطحي، على سبيل المثال بُحيرة، حوض تخزين مياه، تيار، نهر أو قناة، أو كذلك جزء من تيار أو نهر أو قناة، أو مجرى نقل (تحويل) أو المياه الساحلية. (الإطار التوجيهي للمفوضية الأوروبية للمياه -EC WRRL:2000/60/EC)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104807"},{"id":104808,"arabic":"نقطة الغليان","english":"boiling point","french":"point d'ébullition [m.]","description":"درجة حرارة سائل يغلي عند ضغط جوي يصل إلى 101.3 كيلو باسكال (1013 مللي بار). (DIN EN 60079-10:2004)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104808"},{"id":104809,"arabic":"طبقة داعمة","english":"bolster layer","french":"couche de rembourrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104809"},{"id":104810,"arabic":"مُقاومة التماسك","english":"bonding strength","french":"pouvoir adhésif [m.]","description":"(انظر: طبقة مائية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104810"},{"id":104811,"arabic":"مؤتمر (ال...) الدوليّ للمياه العذبة بمدينة بون","english":"Bonn International Freshwater Conference","french":"Conférence internationale sur l'eau douce - Bonn [f.]","description":"عُقِد هذا المؤتمر الدولي بناءً على مُبادرة من جمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية في ديسمبر 2001 بالاشتراك مع المُجتمع المدنيّ، وهو يُعتبر خطوة مُهمة مُنتظرة في الطريق إلى عقد مؤتمر القمة العالميّ للتنمية المُستدامة في جوهانسبرغ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104811"},{"id":104812,"arabic":"قاع سفلي","english":"bottom set bed","french":"sédiment [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104812"},{"id":104813,"arabic":"طبقة حاجزة","english":"boundary surface","french":"surface limite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104813"},{"id":104814,"arabic":"تَدفُّق منحنٍ","english":"bowing of flow","french":"oscillation transversale de l'écoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104814"},{"id":104815,"arabic":"ماء مَسُوس","english":"brackish water","french":"eau saumâtre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104815"},{"id":104816,"arabic":"تعليمات","english":"briefing / instruction (teaching)","french":"instruction [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104816"},{"id":104817,"arabic":"ماء مالح","english":"brine","french":"saumure [f.]","description":"محلول ملحي مائي. (انظر: [ماء شديد الملوحة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102650)). (DIN EN 15144:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104817"},{"id":104818,"arabic":"مُسخن المياه المالحة","english":"brine heater","french":"réchauffeur de saumure [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104818"},{"id":104819,"arabic":"تحديد درجة الملوحة","english":"brine staging","french":"graduation de saumure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104819"},{"id":104820,"arabic":"تَدفُّق المياه المالحة","english":"brine stream","french":"écoulement de saumure [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104820"},{"id":104821,"arabic":"مِنقطة الهدب الشعريّ","english":"capillary fringe","french":"frange capillaire [m.]","description":"(انظر: [حزام شعريّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104823))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104821"},{"id":104822,"arabic":"مِنقطة الهدب الشعريّ","english":"capillary fringe","french":"zone capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104822"},{"id":104823,"arabic":"حزام شعريّ","english":"capillary fringe","french":"frange capillaire [f.]","description":"المنطقة التي تقع فوق منسوب المياه الجوفية مُباشرةً، والتي تُحتجز فيها المياه عن طريق الجاذبية الشعرية. (انظر: مِنقطة الهدب الشعريّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104823"},{"id":104824,"arabic":"رطوبة شَعَرية","english":"capillary moisture / capillary water / fringe water","french":"eau capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104824"},{"id":104825,"arabic":"ماء الصاعد الشَّعَريّ","english":"capillary rising water","french":"colonne montante capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104825"},{"id":104826,"arabic":"مرحلة شَعَرية","english":"capillary stage","french":"état capillaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104826"},{"id":104827,"arabic":"مياه شَعَرية","english":"capillary water; fringe water","french":"eau capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104827"},{"id":104828,"arabic":"كمية الارتفاع الشعري","english":"capillary yield","french":"débit capillaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104828"},{"id":104829,"arabic":"بلاطة تغطية","english":"capping slab","french":"plaque de recouvrement [f.]","description":"محلول ملحيّ مائيّ. (انظر: ماء مالح) (DIN EN 15144:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104829"},{"id":104830,"arabic":"تخزين مستمر","english":"carryover storage; conservation storage","french":"stockage interannuel","description":"تخزين مستمر لسنوات، يكون مُتاحاً إذا كانت نسبة التخزين (نسبة التخزين المُختارة، والتدفق السنوي المتوسط) في السدود أكبر من 1.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104830"},{"id":104831,"arabic":"تغليف","english":"casing; insulating; lagging; shell (housing)","french":"enveloppe [f.]","description":"الفترة الزمنية المُستغرقة لملء حيز التشغيل الخاص بخزان محطة التغذية بالمضحات في حالة عمل المضخة بكفاءة مُتوسطة. رمز المُعادلات: tFüll. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104831"},{"id":104832,"arabic":"تركيبة من الحديد الزهر","english":"cast iron fittings","french":"raccord en fonte [m.]","description":"(انظر: مِقياس المطر المجمع)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104832"},{"id":104833,"arabic":"مِنطقة المستجمع","english":"catchment / catchment area / drainage basin","french":"aire de collecte [f.] / bassin d'influence [m.] / bassin récepteur [m.] / bassin versant [m.] / bassin hydrologique","description":"المنطقة التي يجري فيها تصريف المياه إلى: 1- أنابيب أو قنوات الصرف الصحيّ، أو 2- إلى مجرى مائي. رمز المُعادلات: [E2. وهنا يجب التفرقة بين: مُستجمع فوق سطح الأرض (A](http://www.arabterm.org/None)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104833"},{"id":104834,"arabic":"تدفق كهفي","english":"cavern flow","french":"écoulement dans les grandes cavités souterraines","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104834"},{"id":104835,"arabic":"مياه جوفية","english":"cavern water","french":"eau en caverne [f.]","description":"ماء موجود في مواضع مجوّفة كبيرة، أنبوبية أو كهفية الشكل. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104835"},{"id":104836,"arabic":"تكهّف","english":"cavitation","french":"cavitation [f.]","description":"في حالة الهبوط عن درجة حرارة ضغط البخار المُعتادة في موضع ما في المياه، تتكوّن فقاعات بخارية تتكثف بسرعة عند ارتفاع الضغط مرة أخرى. وعندما لا يحدث هذا النشاط في التيارات الحُرّة بل بالقرب من الأجسام الصلبة مثل جوانب المجرى المائي أو الأجسام التي يُحيط بها التيار مثل مروحة التوربينة ورفاس (مروحة) السفن. وتؤدي هذه التأثيرات الميكانيكية والحرارية إلى حدوث تدمير تدريجيّ للمواد الموجودة (تآكل التكهّف). وتحدث ظاهرة التكهّف أيضاً في المجاري السريعة الاندفاع وأحواض التهدئة. كما تحدث في المُنشآت الخرسانية عادةً عندما تعيق ظروف تدفق التيار ذي السرعة العالية جوانب التيار من موضعها، أي في المناطق ذات التيارات الشديدة. وتتكوّن هذه المناطق المُعرّضة لخطر التكهّف على الحوائط ذات الأعمدة، وجوانب الهدّار، والحافة السفلة للبوابة، والأجسام المُسببة للاضطرابات في حوض التهدئة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104836"},{"id":104837,"arabic":"طَرْد مركزيّ","english":"centrifuging","french":"centrifugation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104837"},{"id":104838,"arabic":"مقياس شريطيّ","english":"chain gauge / tape gauge","french":"échelle fluviale à chaîne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104838"},{"id":104839,"arabic":"خَطُّ المجرى","english":"channel line / line of maximum velocity","french":"ligne de chenal [f.]","description":"خط الوصل المُتجانس لنقاط السُرعة السطحية القصوى في المقاطع المُستعرضة المُتتالية لكتلة مائية مُتدفقة، وذلك في حالات التصريف أو التدفق العادي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104839"},{"id":104840,"arabic":"طَوْر مجاري الفيضان","english":"channel phase","french":"phase de cours d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104840"},{"id":104841,"arabic":"ينبوع","english":"channel spring","french":"source de thalweg","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104841"},{"id":104842,"arabic":"مخزون المجرى المائيّ","english":"channel storage","french":"stockage de cours d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104842"},{"id":104843,"arabic":"كُلورينية","english":"chlorinity","french":"chloration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104843"},{"id":104844,"arabic":"منحدر على شكل قطع مكافئ","english":"chute, free jet / parabolic drop, free jet / chute, parabolic","french":"canal à forte pente parabolique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104844"},{"id":104845,"arabic":"طلب استعمال","english":"claim for usage","french":"droit d’usage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104845"},{"id":104846,"arabic":"تصنيف مجاري الأنهار والمجسمات المائية","english":"classification of watercourses and water bodies","french":"classification de cours d'eau et de plans d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104846"},{"id":104847,"arabic":"تصنيف التربة","english":"classification soil","french":"classification des sols","description":"التصنيف التدرجيّ الرتبيّ للتربة وفقاً لبنية طبقات التربة وترتيبها والتي تنشأ نتيجة لتطوّرها. وترتبط بذلك مجموعات مُعينة من الخواص التي يمكن تحليلها على ضوء المكوّنات الأساسية للتربة، وذلك حسب عوامل استخدام التربة. تُقسم أنواع التربة إلى أقسام، وفئات، وأنواع، وأنواع فرعية، وأصناف، وأصناف فرعية. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104847"},{"id":104848,"arabic":"نِظام التنظيف في المكان","english":"clean in place system (CIP)","french":"Système clean-in-place (CIP) [m.]","description":"تعبير يُشير إلى تنظيف الأنظمة المُرتبط بالمكان دون الحاجة إلى فك المكوّنات المُراد تنظيفها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104848"},{"id":104849,"arabic":"ضَخٌّ بغرض التنقية والتطهير","english":"clear water pump / purging well","french":"pompe à refonte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104849"},{"id":104850,"arabic":"سُرعة الصعود الشعريّ","english":"climb speed capillary","french":"vitesse de montée capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104850"},{"id":104851,"arabic":"تَزايُد مناسيب القاع","english":"clogging","french":"colmatage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104851"},{"id":104852,"arabic":"حاجِز إغلاق","english":"closing dike","french":"digue de coupure [f.] / digue de séparation [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة المقطع العرضي لجريان التيار على المُحيط المُبلَّل. رمز المُعادلات: rhy الاختصار: R (DIN 4263:1991)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104852"},{"id":104853,"arabic":"تخثر","english":"coagulation","french":"coagulation [f.]","description":"في هندسة الصرف الصحيّ: توفير حالة من عدم الاستقرار للمواد غير الذائبة والموزّعة غروانياً، وذلك من أجل إتاحة تجميعها، وهو ما يتم عادة بإضافة مُخثّرات. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104853"},{"id":104854,"arabic":"مُعامِل النفاذية","english":"coefficient of conductivity; coefficient of permeability","french":"coefficient de perméabilité [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة سُرعة الفلترة على انحدار الضغط كمقياس لدرجة نفاذية تربة مُشبعة بالمياه. رمز المُعادلات: k#f/#، وحدة القياس: م/ث؛ سم/يوم. (انظر: مُعامل النفاذية)، (انظر: نفاذية مائية)، (انظر: نَفاذية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104854"},{"id":104855,"arabic":"مُعامِل ضغط التراب","english":"coefficient of earth pressure","french":"coefficient de pression du sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104855"},{"id":104856,"arabic":"مُعامل الموصلية الهيدرولية","english":"coefficient of hydraulic conductivity / coefficient of hydraulic permeability","french":"coefficient de conductivité hydraulique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104856"},{"id":104857,"arabic":"مُعامِل النفاذية","english":"coefficient of permeability; unit of permeability","french":"coefficient de perméabilité [m.]","description":"سرعة سريان سائل ما خلال مقطع مُستعرض لمادة مسامية مع وجود انحدار هيدرولي وعند درجة حرارة ثابتة. (انظر: مُعامل النفاذية)، (انظر: نفاذية مائية)، (انظر: نَفاذية) (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104857"},{"id":104858,"arabic":"معامل الخشونة","english":"coefficient of roughness","french":"coefficient de rugosité [m.]","description":"المُعامل الذي يُعبّر عن درجة الخشونة للمُحيط المُبتل، والذي يؤخذ في الاعتبار عند حساب درجة مُقاومة التيار المائي. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104858"},{"id":104859,"arabic":"معامل الاسترطاب","english":"coefficient, hygroscopic","french":"coefficient, hygroscopique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104859"},{"id":104860,"arabic":"سلسلة المطر","english":"collection of rainfall data","french":"compilation des données de pluie [f.]","description":"تجميع وتسجيل البيانات والقيم المُرتبطة سوياً والخاصة بالمُدد الزمنية لهطول الأمطار وكثافتها، وذلك لنفس مُعدل تواتر الأمطار. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104860"},{"id":104861,"arabic":"ماء الدمج","english":"compaction water","french":"eau de compaction [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104861"},{"id":104862,"arabic":"تقسيم","english":"compartment","french":"division","description":"التفرقة بين أنواع التربة والأراض على أساس طرق التحكم في المياه بها، وذلك في الأراضي اليابسة، والأراضي ذات المياه الجوفية، وكذلك الأراضي الواقعة تحت ماء، والمُستنقعات. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104862"},{"id":104863,"arabic":"ريّ تكميليّ","english":"complementary irrigation; supplemental irrigation","french":"irrigation d'appoint [f.]","description":"إمداد تكميليّ بكميات محدودة من المياه إلى المحاصيل المزروعة في الحقول التي تُروى غالباً بمياه الأمطار. و يظَل هناك مُحتوى مائي كافٍ في التربة يكفل النمو العادي للنباتات حتى في حال انعدام تساقط الأمطار،","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104863"},{"id":104864,"arabic":"تخلّص (ال...) من المواد المُركّزة","english":"concentrate disposal","french":"élimination de concentrât [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104864"},{"id":104865,"arabic":"مُركّز ملحيّ","english":"concentrate, salty","french":"concentré salé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104865"},{"id":104866,"arabic":"مَفْهوم الاقتصاد الأخضر","english":"concept of green economy","french":"concept d'économie, verte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104866"},{"id":104867,"arabic":"مُتكثِّف","english":"condensate / condenser water","french":"condensat [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104867"},{"id":104868,"arabic":"ناتج التكثيف الراجع","english":"condensate, return","french":"retour du condensat","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104868"},{"id":104869,"arabic":"تكثيف","english":"condensation","french":"condensation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104869"},{"id":104870,"arabic":"مياه تكثيف","english":"condensation water","french":"eau de condensation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104870"},{"id":104871,"arabic":"مكثف قذفيّ","english":"condenser, ejector","french":"condenseur d'éjection [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104871"},{"id":104872,"arabic":"حالة هيدروجيولوجية","english":"condition, hydrogeological","french":"conditions hydrogéologiques [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104872"},{"id":104873,"arabic":"مخروط الانخفاض","english":"cone of depression; pumping depression cone; pressure relief cone","french":"entonnoir de dépression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104873"},{"id":104874,"arabic":"مخروط هبوط منسوب المياه","english":"cone of influence/cone of depression","french":"cône d'appel ","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104874"},{"id":104875,"arabic":"مخروط انخفاض سطح الماء الجوفيّ","english":"cone of water-table depression / cone of pumping depression","french":"entonnoir de prélèvement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104875"},{"id":104876,"arabic":"دُوّامَة محصورة","english":"confined eddy","french":"rouleau principal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104876"},{"id":104877,"arabic":"مياه أرضية مَحْصورة","english":"confined groundwater","french":"eaux souterraines refoulées (pl.) [f.]","description":"المياه الموجودة في مُجسم المياه الجوفية، والذي يقع فيه السطح العلويّّ للمياه الجوفية أسفل السطح البيزومتريّ لها. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104877"},{"id":104878,"arabic":"تحلية المياه بطريقة البلورة أو التجميد","english":"congelation / freezing","french":"congélation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104878"},{"id":104879,"arabic":"إدارة موحدة","english":"conjunctive management","french":"gestion conjonctif","description":"نمط في الإدارة يهدف إلى تحقيق الاستخدام الأمثل لنظم ومصادر المياه السطحية والجوفية والحد من المخاطر الناجمة عن استخدام مصدر واحد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104879"},{"id":104880,"arabic":"ماء حبيس","english":"connate water","french":"eau, enfermée [f.]","description":"مياه مُحتبسة في فرجات صخر رسوبي منذ الزمن الذي تكوّن فيه هذا الصخر. تسمى أيضاً 'مياه جوفية قديمة' أو 'مياه كامنة'. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104880"},{"id":104881,"arabic":"استراتيجية التماسك","english":"consistency strategy","french":"stratégie de l'uniformité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104881"},{"id":104882,"arabic":"تَماسُك","english":"consolidation","french":"consolidation [f.]","description":"1. عموماً: تثبيت أو تأمين شيء في موضعه. 2. في علم التربة: اندماج التربة مع مضيّ الوقت، والذي يحدث عن طريق تأثيرات أخرى غير التدميج المقصود أو المستهدف أثناء عملية مدّ خطوط الأنابيب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104882"},{"id":104883,"arabic":"سد عقديّ بنصف قطر ثابت","english":"constant radius arch dam","french":"barrage voûte à rayon constant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104883"},{"id":104884,"arabic":"موقع ملوّث","english":"contaminated site","french":"site contaminé [m.] / déchets contaminés [m.]","description":"موقع المكب أو إيداع النفايات، التي تُسبب المخاطر على الفرد أو العامة، نتيجة التغيرات الضارة التي تحدث على التربة أو غير ذلك من المخاطر الأخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104884"},{"id":104885,"arabic":"تلوُّث","english":"contamination","french":"contamination [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104885"},{"id":104886,"arabic":"استمرار التدفق","english":"continuity of discharge; continuity of flow","french":"continuité de débit [f.]","description":"وجود مُعدل ثابت للتدفق على طول مسافة مُعينة من مجرى مائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104886"},{"id":104887,"arabic":"استمرارية التدفق","english":"continuity of discharge; continuity of flow","french":"continuité de courant [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104887"},{"id":104888,"arabic":"ماء تبريد","english":"cooling water / water, heat exchange","french":"eau de refroidissement [f.] / eau d'échange thermique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104888"},{"id":104889,"arabic":"حَتٌّ","english":"corrasion","french":"corrasion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104889"},{"id":104890,"arabic":"دراسة جدوى","english":"cost-benefit analysis","french":"analyse couts-bénéfices [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104890"},{"id":104891,"arabic":"دراسة جدوى","english":"cost-efficiency investigation","french":"investigation coût-efficacité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104891"},{"id":104892,"arabic":"رافع أغطية","english":"cover lifting device","french":"appareil de levage pour couvercles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104892"},{"id":104893,"arabic":"غِطاء","english":"cover; covering","french":"couverture [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104893"},{"id":104894,"arabic":"فَقْد تدريجي","english":"creeping loss","french":"déchet rampé [m.]","description":"كمية المياه التي تصل إلى درجة الملء في عدّاد المياه، بدون أن تُحرّك مؤشره. وتتسبب هذه الظاهرة في حدوث خسائر فادحة في إيرادات شركات الإمداد بالمياه، وهي تُساهم أيضاً في حدوث فواقد كبيرة في المياه. (انظر: [فاقد ظاهريّ للمياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105717))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104894"},{"id":104895,"arabic":"مُعدَّل الصرْف الحرج","english":"critical flow rate","french":"taux d’écoulement critique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104895"},{"id":104896,"arabic":"سُرعة حَرِجة (للمياه الجوفية)","english":"critical velocity (of groundwater)","french":"vitesse (d’eaux souterraines) critique [f.]","description":"السُرعة التي يتحول عندها التيار من تدفق صفحي إلى تدفق مُضطرب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104896"},{"id":104897,"arabic":"سريان مستعرض","english":"cross flow / transverse flow","french":"écoulement transversal [m.]","description":"تدفق المياه أفقيًّا وعمودياً على الاتجاه الأساسيّ للتيار، وذلك في مجرى مائيّ مفتوح.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104897"},{"id":104898,"arabic":"مِساحة المقطع المستعرض للمياه الجوفية","english":"cross section area of ground water flow","french":"surface de section du gîte aquifère [f.]","description":"المساحة التي تنشأ بشكل عادي عند القطاع المار من خلال مُجسم المياه الجوفية وصولاً إلى خطوط تدفقه. رمز المُعادلات: [Gw\r\n\t\t\t\t](http://www.arabterm.org/None)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104898"},{"id":104899,"arabic":"ترشيح (ال...) بالتدفق المُستَعرض","english":"cross-flow filtration / filtration, cross flow / filtration, tangential flow","french":"filtration tangentielle [f.]","description":"طريقة ترشيح بواسطة تيار مُتدفق عالي السرعة وموازٍ لسطح غشاء رقيّ (غشاء مرن). وتتمثل وظيفته في منع تراكم المواد المحجوزة على الغشاء. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104899"},{"id":104900,"arabic":"مَقْطَع التصريف","english":"cross-section of stream discharge","french":"section d'écoulement","description":"المقطع المحصور بين سطح الماء والمُحيط المُبتل، والذي يقع عمودياً على اتجاه الجريان الرئيسي للمجرى المائي. (انظر: [مِساحة المقْطَع المستعرض للسريان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103281))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104900"},{"id":104901,"arabic":"تيار (هيدرولي)","english":"current / flow / drift","french":"courant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104901"},{"id":104902,"arabic":"فَرْق التيار","english":"current difference","french":"différence de courant [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104902"},{"id":104903,"arabic":"نظام تجميع المياه الراشحة","english":"cut-off system / intercepting system","french":"système de drainage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104903"},{"id":104904,"arabic":"دورة تراوح مستوى المياه الجوفية","english":"cycle of fluctuation / phreatic cycle","french":"cycle de variation des eaux souterraines [m.]","description":"الزمن الكليّ الذي يستغرقه ارتفاع سطح المياه الجوفية ثم انخفاضه مرة أخرى. وتُعد الأنواع الأكثر شيوعاً من هذه الدورة هي: الدورة اليومية، والدورة السنوية، والدورة القرنية. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104904"},{"id":104905,"arabic":"دورة هيدرولوجية","english":"cycle, hydrological","french":"cycle de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104905"},{"id":104906,"arabic":"ترشيح ذو نهاية ميتة","english":"dead end filtration","french":"filtration frontale [f.]","description":"يُلامس تيار مياه الصرف الصحي الغشاء الرقي عمودياً. وتُشكل الجسيمات المُتبقية ما يُسمى بكعكة الترشيح، و يجب التخلّص منها من حين لآخر عن طريق الغسل العكسي، مع إضافة المواد الكيميائية إذا لزم الأمر. وفي حالة التركيزات العالية للمواد الصلبة فإن بعض العوائق تدخل أحياناً في الغشاء وهذا يتطلب إجراء عملية الغسل العكسي بشكل أساسي، مما يُقلل من فعاليته. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann: 2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104906"},{"id":104907,"arabic":"عملية ترشيح ذات نهاية ميتة","english":"dead-end filtration process","french":"procédé de filtration frontale [m.]","description":"(انظر: محتوي على ملح)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104907"},{"id":104908,"arabic":"إزالة الكلور","english":"dechlorination","french":"déchloration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104908"},{"id":104909,"arabic":"انخفاض مَنسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"decline of water table / phreatic decline","french":"baisse de la nappe phréatique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104909"},{"id":104910,"arabic":"تطهير","english":"decontamination","french":"décontamination [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104910"},{"id":104911,"arabic":"مَعمَل تطهير","english":"decontamination facility","french":"installation de décontamination [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104911"},{"id":104912,"arabic":"تخلل عميق","english":"deep infiltration","french":"infiltration profonde [f.]","description":"(انظر: [تخلل عميق (مياه الشقوق)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104914))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104912"},{"id":104913,"arabic":"فاقِد تخلل عميق غير مسترد","english":"deep infiltration loss, non-recoverable","french":"perte d’infiltration en profondeur, non récupérable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104913"},{"id":104914,"arabic":"تخلل عميق (مياه الشقوق)","english":"deep percolation","french":"infiltration profonde (eau vauclusienne [f.]) [f.]","description":"(انظر: [تخلل عميق](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104912))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104914"},{"id":104915,"arabic":"حَجْم المياه الجوفية القابلة للتحديد","english":"definable groundwater capacity","french":"capacité des eaux souterraines limitable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104915"},{"id":104916,"arabic":"عملية التحلل","english":"degradation process","french":"procédure de dégradation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104916"},{"id":104917,"arabic":"درجة تحرر","english":"degree of freedom","french":"degré de liberté [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104917"},{"id":104918,"arabic":"درجة الملوحة","english":"degree of salinity","french":"degré de salinité","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104918"},{"id":104919,"arabic":"علو جيوديسيّ لرفع الماء","english":"delivery head, geodetic","french":"hauteur de refoulement, géodésique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104919"},{"id":104920,"arabic":"كمية الحمأة المنجرفة","english":"deposit, alluvial","french":"masses boueuses, charriées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104920"},{"id":104921,"arabic":"تَوضُّع الطمي","english":"deposition of silt","french":"dépôt de vase [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104921"},{"id":104922,"arabic":"مخزون المنخفضات","english":"depression storage / pocket storage","french":"stockage dans les creux du sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104922"},{"id":104923,"arabic":"عُمْق المياه","english":"depth of water level decline","french":"profondeur d’abaissement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104923"},{"id":104924,"arabic":"تَحْلية","english":"desalination / demineralization / desalting","french":"dessalement [m.] / déminéralisation [f.] / dessalage [m.]","description":"الإزالة الدقيقة للإلكتروليت المُذاب باستخدام مُبادل الكاتيونات في صورة الهيدروجين، ومُبادل الأنيونات في صورة الهيدروكسيد أو صورة قاعدية حُرة. وفيه يتبقى بالضرورة مُحتوى من الألكتروليت من خلال التبادل الأيونيّ. وفي ظل بعض الظروف تتبقى هذه الأيونات التي لا يتم التخلّص منها بسبب القدرة الانتقائية لمُبادل الأيونات. (DIN 54400:2004). ومُصطلح 'التبادل الأيونيّ' يُشار به إلى التركيزات المُتبقية من الكاتيونات والأنيونات أثناء عمل كل مُبادل من المُبادلات أثناء عملية التحميل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104924"},{"id":104925,"arabic":"محطة تحلية (المياه)","english":"desalination system/plant / desalting facility","french":"installation de dessalement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104925"},{"id":104926,"arabic":"تَحْلية مياه البحر","english":"desalination, seawater","french":"dessalement d’eau de mer [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104926"},{"id":104927,"arabic":"إزالة ملوحة (تحلية) مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"desalination, wastewater","french":"Dessalement des eaux résiduaires [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104927"},{"id":104928,"arabic":"تصريف (ال..) الأدنى التصميميّ في فترة الجفاف","english":"design dry weather flow (design DWF)","french":"valeur théorique du débit de temps sec [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104928"},{"id":104929,"arabic":"فيضان التصميم الهندسي","english":"design flood","french":"débit de dimensionnement","description":"الفيضان الذي تم على أساسه تحديد أسس وقواعد الحماية من الفيضان لتحقيق أهداف حماية مُعينة. (انظر: [أقصى تدفق للفيضان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105035)) رمز المُعادلات: BHQ (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA)- اللائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104929"},{"id":104930,"arabic":"تصريف تصميميّ","english":"design flood discharge","french":"débit de dimensionnement","description":"للحصول على درجة هذا التصريف يقاس سرير المِجرى المائي أو المُنشأة. رمز المُعادلات: b\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104930"},{"id":104931,"arabic":"مستوى فيضان التصميم الهندسي","english":"design flood level","french":"niveau de crue de dimensionnement [m.]","description":"منسوب الماء الذي من أجله تم تحديد إجراءات الحماية من الفيضان طبقاً لأهداف حماية محلية مُعينة. رمز المُعادلات: BHW. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه ومياه الصرف الصحي والنفايات (DWA)- لائحة رقم 507 -1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104931"},{"id":104932,"arabic":"خَزَّان إعاقة","english":"detention reservoir / retarding reservoir","french":"bassin de retenue de crue [m.]","description":"في علم التربة، مٌصطلح يصف الشغل اللازم بذله لرفع وحدة في أنبوب شعري تحت ضغط مُحدد أو لاستخراج مصفوفة التربة منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104932"},{"id":104933,"arabic":"تنمية","english":"development","french":"mobilisation (de l'eau)","description":"مصطلح يشمل أيّ مشروع أو برنامج يجري تنفيذه للحصول على فوائد من مورد مائي معيّن أو لزيادة الفوائد المحققة منه فعلاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104933"},{"id":104934,"arabic":"وسيلة زنق","english":"device, locking","french":"verrouillage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104934"},{"id":104935,"arabic":"صَرْف ميكانيكيّ","english":"dewatering, mechanical","french":"essorage, mécanique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104935"},{"id":104936,"arabic":"قطر إسمي للحبيبة الكروية","english":"diameter of particle, nominal","french":"granulométrie, nominale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104936"},{"id":104937,"arabic":"قُطْر هيدروليّ","english":"diameter, hydraulic","french":"diamètre, hydraulique [m.]","description":"رمز المُعادلات: dhy","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104937"},{"id":104938,"arabic":"تَعَّفن","english":"digest (to) / putrefy (to)","french":"digérer / pourrir / putréfier","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104938"},{"id":104939,"arabic":"غاز الهَضْم","english":"digester gas / biogas","french":"gaz de digestion [m.] / biogaz [m.]","description":"منطقة يكون الطلب على الماء العذب فيها أكبر من الموارد المُتاحة بالفعل من المياه. ويمكن أن يكون لفقر المياه أسباب فيزيائية أو اقتصادية. وتُعتبر مُنظمة الأغذية والزراعة للأمم المُتحدة - أو اختصاراً (الفاو FAO) - طبقاً لفهرس 'فالكنمارك' البلدان التي يكون فيها نصيب الفرد المتوفر من المياه العذبة في العام أقل من 1000 م³ منطقة فقيرة المياه. (انظر: [قصور المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105699))، (انظر: [نُدْرَة المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102368))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104939"},{"id":104940,"arabic":"ضَغْط الغاز الحيويّ","english":"digester gas compression","french":"insufflation de gaz de digestion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104940"},{"id":104941,"arabic":"ناتج الغاز الحيوي","english":"digester gas production","french":"produit de biogaz (production de biogaz) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104941"},{"id":104942,"arabic":"الحد من مخاطر الكوارث","english":"disaster risk reduction","french":"réduction des risques de catastrophe","description":"المفهوم والممارسة التي تقضي بالحد من مخاطر الكوارث عن طريق بذل الجهود المنهجية لتحليل وإدارة العوامل المسببة بحدوث الكوارث بما في ذلك الحد من التعرض للمخاطر، وتخفيف قابلية الإنسان والممتلكات للتضرر، والإدارة الحكيمة للأرض والبيئة، وتحسين مستوى الاستعداد لمواجهة الحوادث الخطيرة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104942"},{"id":104943,"arabic":"مِساحة التصريف","english":"discharge area; discharge section area","french":"surface de section de débit [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104943"},{"id":104944,"arabic":"مُعامِل المدد النهريّ","english":"discharge coefficient; runoff coefficient","french":"coefficient de débit [m.]; coefficient d'écoulement [m.]","description":"نسبة التدفق الفعلي للمياه إلى نسبتها المحسوبة نظرياً. (انظر: رابط: [مُعامِل صَرْف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104962))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104944"},{"id":104945,"arabic":"تحكم في الصرف","english":"discharge control","french":"contrôle des débits [m.]; commande de débits [f.]","description":"المُصطلح العام في عمليات الصرف الصحي التي تتم بناءً على خطة موضوعة، ويُعبّر عن عمليات التحكم المُنظم في التصريف والتخزين والتخلّص من المُخلفات. ويتضمن مُصطلح 'التحكم' هنا مفهوم عمليتي المُراقبة والتأثير الفعّال. (انظر: [شبكات الصرف الصحيّ ذات تحكُّم عن بُعد](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109495))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104945"},{"id":104946,"arabic":"مَقْطَع مُستعرض لقياس الصرف","english":"discharge cross-section","french":"section transversale d'écoulement [f.]","description":"في مجرى مائي، مقطع عرضي مُختار للتصريف يتم فيه قياس وتحديد نسبة التدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104946"},{"id":104947,"arabic":"مُنحنى مُعايرة التصريف","english":"discharge curve; flow curve","french":"courbe de décharge; courbe de débit [f.]","description":"(انظر: هيدروجراف)، (انظر: [مُنحنى مُعايرة التصريف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104947))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104947"},{"id":104948,"arabic":"خَطّ مَقطَع التصريف","english":"discharge section line; gauging section","french":"section de jaugeage","description":"الخط الذي تُقاس في اتجاهه أعماق وسُرعات الماء بين نقطتين مُحددتين تقع كل منهما على جهة مختلفة من المجرى. (الاتحاد الألماني لشؤون الغاز والمياه (DVGW): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104948"},{"id":104949,"arabic":"جدول الصرف","english":"discharge table; rating table","french":"barème d'étalonnage; barème hauteur-débit","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104949"},{"id":104950,"arabic":"منظومة تعقيم (كيمياء)","english":"disinfection plant; system (chem.)","french":"installation de désinfection (chim.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104950"},{"id":104951,"arabic":"قطَارَة","english":"distillate","french":"distillat [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104951"},{"id":104952,"arabic":"تقطير","english":"distillation","french":"distillation [f.]","description":"عملية التبخير والتكثيف لسائل ما.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104952"},{"id":104953,"arabic":"تقطير غشائيّ","english":"distillation, membrane","french":"distillation-à membrane [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104953"},{"id":104954,"arabic":"تبخير فُجائي مُتعدد المراحل","english":"distillation, multistage flash","french":"distillation flash, à plusieurs étages [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104954"},{"id":104955,"arabic":"خَنَدق","english":"ditch / pit","french":"fosse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104955"},{"id":104956,"arabic":"خَنَدق مكشوف","english":"ditch, open / drain, open / trench, open","french":"fossé, ouvert [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104956"},{"id":104957,"arabic":"قناة تحويل","english":"diversion channel","french":"canal de dérivation [m.]","description":"1- مصطلح عام يقصد به موصل مفتوح أو مقطع، الغرض منه نقل إمدادات مائية محولة. 2- مجرى تُحَوَّل المياه فيه أثناء التحويل المؤقت للأنهار أو قطع مجاريها. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104957"},{"id":104958,"arabic":"تيار في اتجاه المَصب","english":"downstream","french":"courant aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104958"},{"id":104959,"arabic":"خط القدم الخلفية (في السدود)","english":"downstream toe line","french":"ligne de pied en eau d’aval [f.]","description":"وحدة من وحدات التصنيف في نظام التصنيف التدرجيّ الرتبيّ لأنواع التربة، والتي تتكوّن من التجمّع المكاني وتراكم محتوى أنواع التربة الأساسية. الاختصار: BL. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104959"},{"id":104960,"arabic":"بئر تخفيف","english":"drain well / relief well / pressure relief well","french":"puits de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104960"},{"id":104961,"arabic":"مَصْرِف تَسَرُّب","english":"drain, seepage","french":"conduite d’infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104961"},{"id":104962,"arabic":"مُعامِل صَرْف","english":"drainage coefficient","french":"coefficient de drainage","description":"نسبة التصريف الفعلي إلى نسبته المحسوبة نظرياً. (انظر: [مُعامِل المدد النهريّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104944))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104962"},{"id":104963,"arabic":"كَثافة الصَّرْف","english":"drainage density","french":"densité de drainage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104963"},{"id":104964,"arabic":"بئر امتصاص","english":"drainage shaft / drop shaft'","french":"puits absorbant [m.]; puits perdus [m.]; puits d'infiltration [m.]","description":"بئر تصريف مملوءة كلياً أو جزئياً بالمواد التي تُساعد على تخلل المياه في التربة. وتعمل البئر على تصريف المياه في الطبقات العميقة المُنفذة للمياه في باطن الأرض المُنفذة للمياه. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104964"},{"id":104965,"arabic":"نِظام صَرْف مدنيّ","english":"drainage system, urban","french":"système de drainage, communal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104965"},{"id":104966,"arabic":"صَرْف طبيعيّ","english":"drainage, natural","french":"assèchement naturel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104966"},{"id":104967,"arabic":"صَرْف مُغطى","english":"drainage, subsurface / underdrainage / drainage, subsoil / drainage, underground / drainage, covered","french":"drainage, souterrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104967"},{"id":104968,"arabic":"مصارف رأسية","english":"drains, joint / wells, vertical / drains, vertical","french":"drainage vertical [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104968"},{"id":104969,"arabic":"هبوط المنسوب المائيّ","english":"drawdown","french":"vidange [f.] / abaissement [m.] / rabattement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104969"},{"id":104970,"arabic":"مُستوى هبوط منسوب المياه","english":"drawdown level","french":"niveau de rabattement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104970"},{"id":104971,"arabic":"انخفاض مَنسوب الماء","english":"draw-down of water level","french":"abaissement du niveau des eaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104971"},{"id":104972,"arabic":"ناتِج الحفر","english":"dredgings / spoil / material, dredged","french":"déblais de dragage [m.]","description":"المواد الناجمة عن التربة، والتي تُستخلص من المياه في إطار عمليات الصيانة وإعادة البناء والتوسّع. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104972"},{"id":104973,"arabic":"تيار الانجراف","english":"drift current","french":"courant de glissement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104973"},{"id":104974,"arabic":"إدارة موسم الجَفاف","english":"drought management","french":"gestion de sécheresse [f.]","description":"الجفاف ظاهرة مُناخية طبيعية ومُتواترة، ويمكن أن تحدث  مُناخياً، وزراعياً، وهيدرولوجياً، وعلى مُستوى الاقتصاد الاجتماعي. وتتعامل إدارة الجفاف مع كل هذه الأشكال مُسبقاً للحد من وقوع أزمة في منطقة بعينها أو قبل وقوع مُشكلة تنمية عالمية. وتهدف المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية (WMO) بالاشتراك مع منظمة الشراكة العالمية للمياه (GWP) إلى وضع برنامج مُتكامل لمُراقبة الجفاف والتنبؤ به، وذلك للحدّ من المخاطر وإدارة الجفاف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104974"},{"id":104975,"arabic":"مجفف دورانيّ","english":"dryer, drum-type; dryer, tumble","french":"séchoir à tambour [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104975"},{"id":104976,"arabic":"مبادئ دُبلن","english":"Dublin principles (pl.)","french":"principes de Dublin (pl.) [m.]","description":"أربعة مبادئ أساسية واردة في مُستندات الأمم المتحدة من إحدى المؤتمرات التحضيرية لمؤتمر الأمم المُتحدة الذي انعقد في ريو دي جانيرو عام 1992. وبتطبيق بيان دبلن بشأن المياه والتنمية المُستدامة أصبحت الإدارة المُدمجة للموارد المائية (IWRM) سياسة مائية جديدة مُتفق عليها على مستوى عالمي. المبدأ الأول: المياه العذبة مورد محدود وضعيف مع ضرورته الحتمية للحياة والتنمية والبيئة. ويحب أن تسير التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية يداً بيد مع الحفاظ على النظام البيئي. المبدأ الثاني: ينبغى أن تقوم تنمية وإدارة المياه على منهج تشاركى يضم المُستخدمين والمُخططين وصناع القرار على كافة المُستويات. المبدأ الثالث: تؤدي المرأة دوراً محورياً فى توفير وإدارة المياه والحفاظ عليها. ولذا فلهن الحق في المُشاركة في اتخاذ كافة القرارات. المبدأ الرابع: للمياه قيمة اقتصادية, وللبشر جميعاَ الحق في الحصول على المياه والصحة العامة بسعر مُناسب، واعتبار المياه سلعة اقتصادية طريقة جيدة للاستخدام الراشد والمُلائم للمياه. (انظر: الإدارة  المُتَكَامِلَة للموارد المائية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104976"},{"id":104977,"arabic":"رَدْم","english":"dump; landfill","french":"décharge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104977"},{"id":104978,"arabic":"مُنحنى الدوام","english":"duration curve","french":"courbe de fréquence","description":"تمثيل بياني (منحنى) يُعبّر عن العلاقة بين جميع البيانات الخاصة بعملية ما. فمثلاً، يُمكن عن طريق استخدام الترتيب التنازليّ لمُتوسط القيم اليومية لعام التدفق تحديد عدد الأيام التي بلغت فيها نسبة الصرف حدً مُعيناً أو تجاوزته (الخط الزمني للتجاوز). ويُشير الترتيب التصاعدي إلى عدد الأيام التي قل فيها الصرف عن حد مُعين (الخط الزمني للانخفاض).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104978"},{"id":104979,"arabic":"حركة الأرض","english":"earth moving","french":"mouvement de la terre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104979"},{"id":104980,"arabic":"ضغط التربة الساكنة","english":"earth pressure at rest","french":"pression des terres au repos [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104980"},{"id":104981,"arabic":"موازنة ضغط التربة","english":"earth pressure balance (EPB)","french":"équilibre de la poussée de la terre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104981"},{"id":104982,"arabic":"ضَغْط التربة الجانبيّ","english":"earth pressure, lateral","french":"poussée (latérale) du terrain, de la terre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104982"},{"id":104983,"arabic":"ضغط التربة الموجب","english":"earth pressure, passive","french":"poussée de la terre, passive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104983"},{"id":104984,"arabic":"انهيار بِيئيّ","english":"ecological degradation","french":"dégradation écologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104984"},{"id":104985,"arabic":"علم البيئة المائية","english":"ecology, aquatic","french":"écologie aquatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104985"},{"id":104986,"arabic":"إدرار اقتصاديّ للمياه الجوفية","english":"economic yield","french":"quantité de prise d’eau souterraine, économique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104986"},{"id":104987,"arabic":"دوامة","english":"eddy / roller, hydraulic / vortex","french":"rouleau d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104987"},{"id":104988,"arabic":"تأثير","english":"effect / influence","french":"influence [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104988"},{"id":104989,"arabic":"مَطَر فعّال","english":"effective rainfall / ground rainfall","french":"pluie effective [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104989"},{"id":104990,"arabic":"مَطَر فعّال أساسيّ","english":"effective rainfall, essential","french":"pluie plus efficace [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104990"},{"id":104991,"arabic":"سُرعة فعلية للمياه الجوفية","english":"effective velocity (of groundwater) / actual velocity (of groundwater)","french":"vitesse réelle de l'eau souterraine en zone saturée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104991"},{"id":104992,"arabic":"استراتيجية تحقيق الكفاءة","english":"efficiency strategy","french":"stratégie d'efficacité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104992"},{"id":104993,"arabic":"كفاية هيدرولية","english":"efficiency, hydraulic","french":"performances, hydrauliques [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104993"},{"id":104994,"arabic":"فعالية هيدرولية","english":"efficiency, hydraulic","french":"efficacité, hydraulique [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة الزمن الفعليّ للتدفق على زمنه النظريّ، في حوض الترسيب، مثلاً. رمز المُعادلات: hy\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104994"},{"id":104995,"arabic":"دَيْلَزة كهربائية","english":"electrodialysis","french":"électrodialyse [f.]","description":"عملية كهروكيميائية تنتقل فيها الأيونات تحت تأثير الجهد الكهربائيّ عبر غشاء رقيّ شبه مُنْفِذ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104995"},{"id":104996,"arabic":"دَيْلَزة كهربائية في حالة تغيير القطب","english":"electrodialysis polarity reversal","french":"électrodialyse avec inversion de polarité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104996"},{"id":104997,"arabic":"كَهْرَلَة","english":"electrolysis","french":"électrolyse [f.]","description":"(انظر: [قصور المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105699)))، (انظر: [منطقة فقيرة في الموارد المائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104554))، (انظر: أرض نادرة المياه)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104997"},{"id":104998,"arabic":"عنصر حَلزوني","english":"element, spiral wound","french":"insert spiralé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104998"},{"id":104999,"arabic":"تعليق لحُر فوق مُستوى المجرى المائيّ","english":"elevation above the tailrace level","french":"versant libre [m.]","description":"الإجراءات التي تتخذ للحفاظ على التربة ووظائفها لأجل طويل أو لإصلاحها. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104999"},{"id":105000,"arabic":"غَسْل","english":"elutriation / lixiviation / leaching","french":"lixiviation [f.]","description":"تفكك كيميائي لمواد قابلة للذوبان بسهولة من الصخور بفعل المياه. كما يقصد بهذا المُصطلح أيضاً عملية فصل مادة قابلة للذوبان من مادة غير قابلة للذوبان بواسطة مُذيب مثل الماء (تحات).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105000"},{"id":105001,"arabic":"ترسيب ملح التربة","english":"elutriation / lixiviation / leaching / washing out","french":"lixiviation [f.] / lessivage [m.] / lixivation [f.]","description":"ترسّب المواد المُنحلة بفعل المياه المٌتخللة في التربة أو سوائل أخرى. (DIN ISO 11074-1:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105001"},{"id":105002,"arabic":"عَتَب نهاية","english":"end sill / end baffle","french":"seuil final [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105002"},{"id":105003,"arabic":"إدارة الطاقة","english":"energy management","french":"économie de l'énergie [f.] / gestion de l'énergie [f.]","description":"متوسط انحدار الأرض طبقاً لمتوسط انحناء المنطقة. رمز المُعادلات: G\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105003"},{"id":105004,"arabic":"صمام 'إنساين'","english":"ensign valve","french":"vanne Ensign [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105004"},{"id":105005,"arabic":"تَلوُّث البيئة","english":"environmental contamination","french":"contamination de l'environnement; contamination écologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105005"},{"id":105006,"arabic":"ضَرر بيئيّ","english":"environmental damage","french":"pollution de l’environnement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105006"},{"id":105007,"arabic":"تقييم التأثيرات البيئية","english":"Environmental Effects Assessment","french":"évaluation des effets sur l'environnement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105007"},{"id":105008,"arabic":"مُرَاقَبَة بِيئية بنظم المعلومات الجغرافية","english":"environmental monitoring, GIS based","french":"surveillance de l'environnement basé sur SIG [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105008"},{"id":105009,"arabic":"التوافق البيئي","english":"environmental soundness; environmental compatibility","french":"qualité(s) écologique(s) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105009"},{"id":105010,"arabic":"تَحاتّ","english":"erosion","french":"érosion [f.]","description":"تآكل ونقل مواد التربة بواسطة قوى المياه والهواء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105010"},{"id":105011,"arabic":"إنشاء مناطق أو نطاقات حِماية","english":"establishment of protected zones or areas","french":"mise en place de zones ou aires protégées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105011"},{"id":105012,"arabic":"مَصب نهريّ","english":"estuary","french":"estuaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105012"},{"id":105013,"arabic":"تبخُّر","english":"evaporation","french":"évaporation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105013"},{"id":105014,"arabic":"وعاء قياس التبخر","english":"evaporation pan / evaporation tank","french":"chaudière d’évaporation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105014"},{"id":105015,"arabic":"زمن التشغيل في السنة","english":"expansion period","french":"durée d’aménagement [f.]","description":"عدد أيام السنة التي يُتاح فيها على الأقل التدفق المُتاح للتصميم. رمز المُعادلات: A\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105015"},{"id":105016,"arabic":"تَمدُّد","english":"expansion; dilatation","french":"expansion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105016"},{"id":105017,"arabic":"ماء دخيل","english":"extraneous water","french":"eaux parasites (pl.) [f.]; eaux claires parasites (pl.) [f.]; eau étrangère [f.]; eau d'infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105017"},{"id":105018,"arabic":"مَصْرِف المزرعة","english":"farm turnout","french":"canal de décharge de ferme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105018"},{"id":105019,"arabic":"مياه الشقوق","english":"fault water / fissure water","french":"eau de diaclase","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105019"},{"id":105020,"arabic":"لائحة الاتحاد الأوربي لحماية الأحياء النباتية والحيوانية (FFH Directive)","english":"fauna-flora habitat directive, FFH Directive","french":"directive Habitat Faune-Flore [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105020"},{"id":105021,"arabic":"مياه التغذية","english":"feed water","french":"eau d’arrivée [f.]","description":"(انظر: [ماء التغذية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105458))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105021"},{"id":105022,"arabic":"كمية التغذية","english":"feeding volume","french":"quantité d’alimentation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105022"},{"id":105023,"arabic":"تَخمُّر","english":"fermentation","french":"fermentation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105023"},{"id":105024,"arabic":"إسمنت مسلَّح بالألياف","english":"fibre cement","french":"fibrociment [m.]","description":"عرض بياني لكمية التصريف الخاصة بمجرى مائي مُعين بالنسبة للزمن. (انظر: رابط: هيدروجراف، [مُنحنى مُعايرة التصريف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104947))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105024"},{"id":105025,"arabic":"مادة ليفية","english":"fibrous matter","french":"matière fibreuse [f.]","description":"الفترة التي تستغرقها عملية التصريف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105025"},{"id":105026,"arabic":"منطقة السعة الحقلية","english":"field capacity zone","french":"zone de capacité de champ [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105026"},{"id":105027,"arabic":"منطقة السعة الحقلية","english":"field capacity zone","french":"zone de rétention [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105027"},{"id":105028,"arabic":"مُكافئ الرطوبة الحقلية","english":"field moisture equivalent","french":"équivalent d’humidité du sol [m.]","description":"(انظر: مُكافئ رطوبة الحقل)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105028"},{"id":105029,"arabic":"مُكافئ الرطوبة الحقلية","english":"field moisture equivalent / minimum saturation water","french":"saturation d’eau, minimale [f.]","description":"أقل نسبة رطوبة يمكن عندها للمياه الحُرة أن تظهر على سطح عينات التربة المضغوطة. (انظر: مُكافئ الرطوبة الحقلية) (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105029"},{"id":105030,"arabic":"ترشيح عمودي","english":"filtration, perpendicular","french":"filtration courant normal [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105030"},{"id":105031,"arabic":"مَصَبّ نهائيّ","english":"final effluent","french":"canal de décharge","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105031"},{"id":105032,"arabic":"هويس السمك","english":"fish lock / lock chamber-type fishway / hydraulic fish pass","french":"écluse à poissons [f.]","description":"(انظر: مياه جوفية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105032"},{"id":105033,"arabic":"صدع","english":"fissure","french":"crevasse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105033"},{"id":105034,"arabic":"تبخير فُجائي","english":"flashing","french":"distillation flash [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105034"},{"id":105035,"arabic":"أقصى تدفق للفيضان","english":"flood dimensioning","french":"crue de dimensionnement [f.]","description":"أقصى قيمة لتدفق مياه الفيضان، والتي تم تحديد طريقة وتقنية الحماية منها وفقاً لأهداف وقائية مُعينة. رمز المُعادلات: BHQ، وحدة القياس: م3 /ثانية (انظر: [فيضان التصميم الهندسي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104929))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105035"},{"id":105036,"arabic":"حَدَث فيضان","english":"flood event","french":"événement de crue [m.]","description":"إجمالي المدد النهري من مُستجمع مقسوماً على مساحة هذا المُستجمع. رمز المعُادلات: #/h#A","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105036"},{"id":105037,"arabic":"إدارة الفيضانات","english":"flood management","french":"gestion des inondations [f.]","description":"توسيع جوهريّ لمُصطلح الوقاية من الفيضانات. وإدارة الفيضانات (على مجاري الأنهار) من شأنها وضع العديد من الحقائق الحديثة في الحسبان، ومنها: A. الفيضانات حدث طبيعيّ وأكيد ولا يمكن تجنبه. B. عواقب حدوث الفيضانات تنشأ نتيجةً لاستيطان المناطق التي تخدم أغراض الاستخدامات الطبيعية. C. لا تضمن إجراءات الوقاية التقنية لهذه المناطق المستوطنة إلا أمانًا ظاهريًا فقط، فما توفره من حماية لا يمتد إلا لحدود مخطط لها مسبقًا (الفيضان التصميميّ)،غير أن هذه الحدود يمكن دائماً تجاوزها. D. في حالة تجاوز الفيضان التصميميّ، فإن الأضرار الناجمة خلف السد الذي غمره الفيضان تكون كبيرة. E. تؤثر إجراءات الوقاية التقنية تأثيراً محدوداً محليًّا فقط، كما أنها تزيد من حدة الفيضان في اتجاه مجرى النهر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105037"},{"id":105038,"arabic":"مَسار مَوجيّ في خزان","english":"flood routing (with detention reservoir)","french":"calcul de crue (avec bassin de retenue) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105038"},{"id":105039,"arabic":"عائِق تيار","english":"flow brake","french":"frein hydrodynamique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105039"},{"id":105040,"arabic":"حقل التدفُّق","english":"flow field","french":"champ d’écoulement [m.]","description":"القطاع أو المجال الذي يتدفق خلاله سائل ما. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105040"},{"id":105041,"arabic":"موقع قياس","english":"Flow Measuring Station","french":"poste de jaugeage [m.]; poste de mesure de débit [m.]","description":"موقع مُختار على مجرى مائي، يُجهز ويُشغل لاستقبال البيانات الأساسية التي يمكن منها استنتاج سجلات نظامية لتصريف المجرى. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983)).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105041"},{"id":105042,"arabic":"شبكة تدفق انتقالية","english":"flow net, transformed","french":"réseau de courant transformé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105042"},{"id":105043,"arabic":"شبكة الجريان","english":"flow pattern; flow net","french":"réseau de courant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105043"},{"id":105044,"arabic":"مُحاكاة التصريف","english":"flow simulation","french":"simulation de débit [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105044"},{"id":105045,"arabic":"سُرعَة التدفُّق","english":"flow velocity","french":"vitesse d’écoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105045"},{"id":105046,"arabic":"السنة المائية","english":"flow year; water year","french":"année pluviométrique","description":"الفترة الزمنية التي مُدتها سنة، وهي تُحدد قياس الاستهلاك المنزلي للمياه. ملحوظة: في جمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية يبدأ هذا العام من 1 نوفمبر وينتهي في 31 أكتوبر من العام اللاحق. (انظر: [سنة هيدورلوجية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105174)). (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105046"},{"id":105047,"arabic":"تَدُّفق موصل مقفول","english":"flow, closed conduit","french":"flux dans conduite fermée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105047"},{"id":105048,"arabic":"تَدفُّق حرِج","english":"flow, critical","french":"courant critique [m.]","description":"ظروف تدفق التيار التي تصل عندها درجة الطاقة الكُليّة إلى الحد الأدنى أعلى قاع المجرى المائي، وذلك عند سُرعة تدفق مُعينة وأبعاد مُحددة للمجرى. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105048"},{"id":105049,"arabic":"سُرعة الجَرَيان الحَرِج","english":"flow, critical","french":"vitesse de débit critique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105049"},{"id":105050,"arabic":"تَدفُّق حر","english":"flow, free","french":"courant libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105050"},{"id":105051,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مجرى منفصل الخشونة","english":"flow, isolated roughness","french":"courant en cas d’irrégularités isolées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105051"},{"id":105052,"arabic":"تَدفُّق صفائحيّ","english":"flow, laminar; streamline flow, steady flow","french":"écoulement laminaire [m.]; courant tranquille [m.]","description":"حركة السائل الذي تتحرّك جُزيئاته في شكل طبقات أو مسارات مُتجاورة لا يمكن تخللها ولا مزجها بعضها ببعض إلا بتشتيتها. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105052"},{"id":105053,"arabic":"تَدفُّق شبه سلِس","english":"flow, quasi-smooth; flow, skimming","french":"écoulement lisse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105053"},{"id":105054,"arabic":"جَرَيان سريع","english":"flow, rapid","french":"écoulement rapide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105054"},{"id":105055,"arabic":"تَدفُّق الحمأة الراجعة","english":"flow, return-sludge","french":"flux des boues recirculées","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105055"},{"id":105056,"arabic":"تَدفُّق في مجرى أملس","english":"flow, smooth channel","french":"écoulement dans caniveau lisse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105056"},{"id":105057,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مُستقِر","english":"flow, steady","french":"écoulement permanent [m.]; courant stationnaire","description":"حالة التدفق التي لا يخضع فيها لأية تغييرات وقتية. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105057"},{"id":105058,"arabic":"سَرَيان مستقِر غير منتظِم","english":"flow, steady non-uniform","french":"écoulement, stable, irrégulier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105058"},{"id":105059,"arabic":"تَدفُّق سَيَّال","english":"flow, streaming","french":"courant passant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105059"},{"id":105060,"arabic":"تَدفُّق","english":"flow, subcritical","french":"courant critique [m.] / régime fluvial [m.]","description":"سريان المياه في خندق مكشوف بسرعة أقل من السُرعة الحرجة عند عدد فرود أقل من 1، حيث يُمكن أن تتحرّك المياه السطحية في اتجاه التيار. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105060"},{"id":105061,"arabic":"سُرعة تَدفُّق دون الحرج","english":"flow, sub-critical","french":"vitesse de courant sous-critique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105061"},{"id":105062,"arabic":"سرعة تدفُّق فوق الحرج","english":"flow, super-critical","french":"vitesse de courant supercritique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105062"},{"id":105063,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مُلتوٍ","english":"flow, tortuous","french":"courant sinueux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105063"},{"id":105064,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مُضطرِب","english":"flow, turbulent","french":"turbulent courant [m.]","description":"حركة السائل عندما يخضع مجال ضغطه وسُرعة تحرّكه لتذبذبات وقتية عالية التردد، والتي يُمكن أن يحدث فيها فقد كبير في الطاقة – مُقارناً بالتدفق الصفحيّ – وذلك عن طريق تبادل النبضات، كما يُمكن أن تمتزج فيها الجزئيات بشدة في الاتجاه العرضيّ أو الطوليّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105064"},{"id":105065,"arabic":"سريان مُنتظم","english":"flow, uniform","french":"courant uniforme [m.]; écoulement uniforme [m.]","description":"جريان التيار المائيّ الذي لا تتغير سُرعته على طول خط التيار. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105065"},{"id":105066,"arabic":"تَدفُّق غير مطرد","english":"flow, unsteady","french":"écoulement non permanent [m.]","description":"الحالة التي يخضع فيها تدفق التيار لتغييرات وقتية. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105066"},{"id":105067,"arabic":"خط التدفق الكنتوري","english":"flowage line","french":"courbe de niveau d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105067"},{"id":105068,"arabic":"تذبذب منسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"fluctuation of water table; phreatic fluctuation","french":"variation du niveau d’eau souterraine [f.]","description":"(انظر: فَيْض)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105068"},{"id":105069,"arabic":"ممر مشاة","english":"footpath; sidewalk","french":"voie piétonnière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105069"},{"id":105070,"arabic":"منطقة صناعية مهجورة","english":"former industrial site","french":"site ancien [m.]","description":"منطقة من المنشئات المهجورة والأراضي التابعة لها يتعامل فيها مع المواد الخطرة بيئياً، التي يمكنها أن تسبب تلوثاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105070"},{"id":105071,"arabic":"تصريف المياه من أساس (موقع) البناء","english":"foundation drainage","french":"assèchement des fondations [m.] / drainage des fondations","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105071"},{"id":105072,"arabic":"أساس البناء","english":"foundation soil / subgrade / subsoil","french":"sous-sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105072"},{"id":105073,"arabic":"مِصراع 'فوراكرز'","english":"Fouracres shutter","french":"hausse Fouracres[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105073"},{"id":105074,"arabic":"حاجز ذو جدار من الكتل الخشبية","english":"framed dam","french":"barrage en charpente [m.]","description":"حاجز يكون مصنوعاً بوجه عام من الخشب أو الفولاذ، ويُشَكَّل هيكله بحيث تكون له واجهة مُقابلة للمياه وترتكز على قوائم انضغاط. (انظر: سَدّ هيكليّ) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105074"},{"id":105075,"arabic":"سَدّ هيكليّ","english":"framed dam","french":"barrage en portique (seuil de base avec paroi bloc) [m.] / barrage en charpente [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105075"},{"id":105076,"arabic":"سريان حُر","english":"free flow","french":"écoulement libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105076"},{"id":105077,"arabic":"مياه أرضية حرة","english":"free ground water","french":"eau souterraine libre [f.]","description":"المياه الموجودة في مُجسم المياه الجوفية، والذي يتماثل فيه السطح العلويّّ للمياه الجوفية مع السطح البيزومتريّ لها. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105077"},{"id":105078,"arabic":"تجمّد","english":"freezing","french":"congélation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105078"},{"id":105079,"arabic":"ماء عَذْب","english":"fresh water","french":"eau fraîche [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105079"},{"id":105080,"arabic":"احتياطيّ المياه العذبة","english":"fresh water reserves","french":"réserve d’eau douce [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105080"},{"id":105081,"arabic":"بُخار الماء العذب","english":"fresh water vapour","french":"vapeur d’eau douce [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105081"},{"id":105082,"arabic":"قوة احتكاك السحب","english":"friction drag / skin friction / surface drag","french":"résistance au frottement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105082"},{"id":105083,"arabic":"منسوب ملء الخزان","english":"full reservoir level / full supply level","french":"niveau d’eau à pleine charge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105083"},{"id":105084,"arabic":"طلب عرض وظيفي","english":"functional tender","french":"appel d'offre sur performance [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105084"},{"id":105085,"arabic":"ضغَّاط الغاز","english":"gas compressor","french":"compresseur de gaz [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105085"},{"id":105086,"arabic":"مِكشاف الغاز","english":"gas detector","french":"détecteur de gaz [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105086"},{"id":105087,"arabic":"جِهاز إنذار تسرُّب الغاز","english":"gas detector","french":"détecteur de gaz [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105087"},{"id":105088,"arabic":"مُحِّرك غازيّ","english":"gas engine","french":"moteur à gaz [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105088"},{"id":105089,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس الغاز","english":"gas measurement equipment","french":"compteur à gaz [m.]","description":"التدفق الذي يخضع لتغيُّر في سرعة جريانه على طول خط الانسياب. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105089"},{"id":105090,"arabic":"انتفاع بالغاز","english":"gas utilisation","french":"utilisation du gaz [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105090"},{"id":105091,"arabic":"منسوب الإسناد","english":"gauge datum","french":"zéro d’échelle fluviale [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105091"},{"id":105092,"arabic":"خَطّ مِقياس المناسيب","english":"gauge line","french":"courbe d’échelle fluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105092"},{"id":105093,"arabic":"أعمدة خطوط مقياس المناسيب","english":"gauge line pillar","french":"marque d’échelle fluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105093"},{"id":105094,"arabic":"مقِياس مناسيب شهريّ وسطيّ","english":"gauge, mean monthly","french":"niveau d’échelle fluviale mensuel moyen [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105094"},{"id":105095,"arabic":"موضع قياس","english":"gauging station / measuring site","french":"point de mesure [m.]","description":"مكان يتم تحديده طبقاً لموقعه، لقياس مُتغيرات هيدرولوجية. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105095"},{"id":105096,"arabic":"نِظام المعلومات الجغرافي ّ(GIS)","english":"geographic information system (GIS)","french":"systèmes d'informations géographiques (SIG) (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105096"},{"id":105097,"arabic":"هيدرولوجيا المياه الجوفية","english":"Geohydrology","french":"géohydrologie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105097"},{"id":105098,"arabic":"عِلم المياه الجوفية","english":"geohydrology / groundwater hydrology","french":"hydrologie souterraine / géohydrologie","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105098"},{"id":105099,"arabic":"مَيْل","english":"gradient / incline / slope","french":"pente montée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105099"},{"id":105100,"arabic":"حَبَّة","english":"grain","french":"grain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105100"},{"id":105101,"arabic":"قطر حبيبيّ مميّز","english":"grain diameter, characteristic","french":"granulométrie, caractéristique [f.]","description":"قطر الكرة التي لها نفس مَقَاس الحُبيبة. رمز المُعادلات: n\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105101"},{"id":105102,"arabic":"تدريج حبيّبي","english":"grain distribution","french":"granulométrie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105102"},{"id":105103,"arabic":"فصل الحبيبات","english":"grain segregation","french":"ségrégation de grain [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105103"},{"id":105104,"arabic":"بِنية حُبَيبِيَّة","english":"grain structure","french":"structure du grain [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105104"},{"id":105105,"arabic":"حُبيبة","english":"granule","french":"granule [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105105"},{"id":105106,"arabic":"حَصى (زلط)","english":"gravel","french":"gravier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105106"},{"id":105107,"arabic":"عُلُوّ تثاقُليّ للماء","english":"gravitational head of water","french":"hauteur de gravitation de l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105107"},{"id":105108,"arabic":"قناة تدفق حر بالثقالة","english":"gravity sewer","french":"égout gravitaire [m.]","description":"نطاق من التربة ينشأ جراء الأعمال الجيولوجية المتماثلة (الترسيب، مثالاً)، وهو النطاق الذي لا يتغيير جراء العمليات المكوّنة للتربة. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105108"},{"id":105109,"arabic":"تربة صحراوية رمادية","english":"grey desert sol","french":"sol gris désertique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105109"},{"id":105110,"arabic":"مياه رمادية","english":"grey water / greywater","french":"eaux ménagères (pl.) [f.] / eaux grises (pl.)","description":"مياه الصرف الصحي المنزلية الخالية من الفضلات البشرية الصلبة والسائلة، مثل مياه الصرف الناجمة عن أحواض الاستحمام وبانيوهات القدم وأحواض غسل اليدين وأحواض المطبخ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105110"},{"id":105111,"arabic":"محتوى الجريش","english":"grit content","french":"teneur en gravillon","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105111"},{"id":105112,"arabic":"تُربة","english":"ground / soil","french":"sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105112"},{"id":105113,"arabic":"هواء التربة","english":"ground air","french":"air du sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105113"},{"id":105114,"arabic":"تحسين التربة","english":"ground formation","french":"mise en forme du fond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105114"},{"id":105115,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس مواصفات التربة","english":"ground measurement equipment","french":"appareil de mesure du sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105115"},{"id":105116,"arabic":"تدفق المياه الجوفية","english":"ground water flow","french":"écoulement souterrain","description":"جريان المياه الجوفية، والتي تملأ فجوات القشرة الأرضية بشكل مُترابط، وذلك تحت التأثير النهائيّ أو شبه النهائيّ لقوى الضغط والجاذبية الأرضية والقوة الشعرية للماء. ويسري عليها في الغالب قانون 'دارسي' في حالة ما إذا كانت (Re < 1). (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105116"},{"id":105117,"arabic":"منسوب سطح المياه الجوفية","english":"ground water surface / phreatic surface","french":"niveau de la nappe [m.] / surface de la nappe phréatique [f.]","description":"المساحة الحديَّة العُليا لأحد مُجسمات المياه الجوفية في وقت المُراقبة. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105117"},{"id":105118,"arabic":"مياه جوفية","english":"groundwater","french":"eau souterraine [f.] / nappe phréatique [f.]","description":"كل المياه تحت الأرضية الموجودة في منطقة التَشَّبُع، والتي تلامس بشكل مُباشر التربة السطحية أو باطن الأرض. (تعليمات الإتحاد الأوروبيّ الخاصة بالمياه (EG-WRRL): 2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105118"},{"id":105119,"arabic":"زيادة المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater accretion; groundwater in crement","french":"accroissement des réserves d'une nappe souterraine","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105119"},{"id":105120,"arabic":"حَوْض مائيّ جوفيّ","english":"groundwater body","french":"nappe d'eau souterraine","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105120"},{"id":105121,"arabic":"كتلة المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater body","french":"gîte aquifère [m.]","description":"مصدر من مَصَادِر المياه الجوفية أو جزء منها، ويكون مُحدداً بشكل واضح أو يكون قابلاً للتحديد. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105121"},{"id":105122,"arabic":"شَلاَّل تعاقبيّ للمياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater cascade","french":"cascade souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105122"},{"id":105123,"arabic":"مِنطقة مياه جوفية","english":"groundwater catchment area / groundwater province","french":"gîte aquifère [m.]","description":"منطقة تتميز بتشابهها العام من حيث أشكال ينابيع المياه الجوفية الموجودة بها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105123"},{"id":105124,"arabic":"تَلوث المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater contamination","french":"contamination des eaux souterraines [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105124"},{"id":105125,"arabic":"مستوى سطح المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater contour / water-table contour","french":"hydro-isohypse de la nappe phréatique[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105125"},{"id":105126,"arabic":"انخفاض منسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater decrement","french":"diminution d’eau souterraine [f.]","description":"الماء المُستخلص من خزان الماء الأرضيّ بالبخر والنتح، وتدفق الينابيع، والرشح إلى الخارج، وبالضخ من الآبار، وكذلك الماء المُتدفق إلى الخارج من المنطقة المعنية. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105126"},{"id":105127,"arabic":"تَحْلية المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater desalination","french":"dessalement d’eau souterraine [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105127"},{"id":105128,"arabic":"تصريف المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater discharge","french":"émergence[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105128"},{"id":105129,"arabic":"تَسُّرب منصرف للخارج","english":"groundwater emergence / natural groundwater discharge","french":"résurgence / remontée d'eau souterraine","description":"تَصْرِيف مُشتت للمياه الجوفية نحو سطح الأرض. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105129"},{"id":105130,"arabic":"مُعادلَة المياه الأرضيّة","english":"groundwater equation","french":"formule d’eau souterraine [f.]","description":"وصف - قائم على المُعادلات - لعمليات النقل والتركيز وتغيُّر الضغط في مُجسمات نموذجية للمياه الجوفية، وهو يُستخدم في عمل وتحديد نماذج للمياه الجوفية. ومن النظريات الفيزيائية الأساسية قانون 'دارسي' الخاص بميكانيكا الموائع، ونظرية 'برنوللي' حول العلاقة بين سريان التيار والضغط. (انظر: [نظرية برنولّي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102600))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105130"},{"id":105131,"arabic":"جَرَيان مائيّ جوفيّ","english":"groundwater flow / groundwater runoff","french":"débit d’eau souterraine [m.]","description":"جزء من مياه الصرف الذي يتخلل التربة ويتجه إلى المجرى المائيّ مرة أخرى ماراً بمُجسم المياه الجوفية بوصفه مياه ينابيع أو بالتخلل. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105131"},{"id":105132,"arabic":"خط كنتوريّ للضاغط المتساوي","english":"groundwater isohypse","french":"isohypse d’eau souterraine [f.]","description":"خط المستويات البيزومترية المُتساوية للسطح البيزومتريّ للمياه الجوفية وحتى لحظة المُراقبة. (انظر: خَط الضاغِط البيزومتريّ الثابت) (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105132"},{"id":105133,"arabic":"فرط الاستغلال","english":"groundwater mining/ overexploitation","french":"surexploitation","description":"#N/A","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105133"},{"id":105134,"arabic":"استنزاف المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater overexploitation","french":"surexploitation des eaux souterraines [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105134"},{"id":105135,"arabic":"إعادة شحن الطبقة الحاملة للمياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater recharge","french":"recharge des eaux souterraines [f.]","description":"تزويد مصدر المياه الجوفية مُجدداً في منطقة التشبع أو إضافة مياه إلى مخزون المياه الجوفية عن طريق عمليات طبيعية أو بوسائل صناعية، وذلك لكي يمكن الاستفادة منها لاحقاً لأغراض مُفيدة أو لوقف تداخل المياه المالحة في بقاع شاطئية. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لشؤون الغاز والمياه (DVGW): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105135"},{"id":105136,"arabic":"تَجَدُّد المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater regeneration / groundwater renewal","french":"régénération d'eau souterraine [f.]","description":"مصطلح يقصد به تغذية مُجسم المياه الجوفية. ويحدث تَجَدُّد المياه الجوفية إمّا بشكل غير مُباشر عن طريق حساب التوازن المائيّ لمنطقة ما، أو بشكل شبه تجريبي أو كذلك بشكل تجريبي ارتباطاً بالمكان، عن طريق تجربة 'ليزيمتر' مثلاً. وفي علم المياه الجوفية يتم التمييز بين ثلاثة أنواع لتَجَدُّد المياه: 1. تَجَدُّد المياه الجوفية من خلال تسرّب وتخلل مياه الأمطار إلى داخل التربة. وفي هذا النوع ترتبط نسبة تَجَدُّد المياه الجوفية - إلى جانب الأمطار - بتكوين التربة ونموّ النبات بها وتركيبها. 2. تَجَدُّد المياه الجوفية من خلال تسرّب مياه سطحية تتخلل إلى أسفل سطح التربة بفعل الجاذبية الأرضية. 3. تَجَدُّد المياه الجوفية بوصفه عملية حثّ تتم بفعل المياه السطحية، حيث لا يحدث هنا تخلل للمياه، وإنما تسري بشكل مُباشر من خلال القاع المُنفذ لمصدر المياه السطحية إلى الطبقة الحاملة للمياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105136"},{"id":105137,"arabic":"إعادة الشحن المستحثة لمستودع ماء أرضيّ (عن طريق مجرى مائيّ)","english":"ground-water replenishment","french":"remplissage de nappe phréatique (par un cours d’eau) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105137"},{"id":105138,"arabic":"احتياطي المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater reserve","french":"réserve en eau souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105138"},{"id":105139,"arabic":"كمية المياه الجوفية المُتاحة","english":"groundwater reserves","french":"réserves en eau souterraine (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105139"},{"id":105140,"arabic":"خَزَّان مياه جوفية","english":"groundwater reservoir","french":"réservoir d’eau souterraine [m.]","description":"هطول مطري نظري له مسار مُحدد لكثافة الأمطار في فترة زمنية مُختارة، مثل الأمطار النموذجية التي تستغرق 120 دقيقة: MR120 رمز المُعادلات: MRT (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105140"},{"id":105141,"arabic":"مَصَادِر المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater resources","french":"ressources des eaux souterraines (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105141"},{"id":105142,"arabic":"تَمَلُّح المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater salinization","french":"salinisation des eaux souterraines [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105142"},{"id":105143,"arabic":"كِفاف (كنتور) سطح المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater table","french":"surface de nappe phréatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105143"},{"id":105144,"arabic":"منسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater table","french":"niveau de la nappe phréatique[f.]","description":"السطح البينيّ الذي تكون التربة أسفله مُشَبَّعَة بالمياه. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105144"},{"id":105145,"arabic":"خندق ماء جوفيّ","english":"groundwater trench","french":"dépression allongée de la nappe phréatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105145"},{"id":105146,"arabic":"تدفق مضطرب للماء الأرضيّ","english":"groundwater turbulent flow","french":"écoulement de l’eau souterraine, turbulent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105146"},{"id":105147,"arabic":"خطوط إرشادية للتعاون في مجال تحسين موارد المياه","english":"guidelines for water resources development co-operation","french":"Lignes directrices pour la coopération au développement dans le domaine des ressources en eau","description":"قواعد ولوائح وضعها الاتحاد الأوربي لجميع المُشاركين في برامج التعاون التنموي للاتحاد الأوربي في مجال إدارة واقتصاد المياه واستغلالها. وتُحدد هذه القواعد المفهوم الاستراتيجي لتخطيط وإدارة الأنشطة المُرتبطة بمصادر المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105147"},{"id":105148,"arabic":"عُسر الماء","english":"hardness of water / hardness","french":"dureté de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105148"},{"id":105149,"arabic":"عُلُوّ ارتوازي","english":"head, artesian","french":"charge, artésienne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105149"},{"id":105150,"arabic":"مُستوى ارتفاع هيدروليّ","english":"head, hydraulic / height, hydraulic","french":"charge hydraulique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105150"},{"id":105151,"arabic":"عُلُوّ إستاتيّ","english":"head, static; hydrostatic pressure head","french":"hauteur pression statique [f.]","description":"ارتفاع عمود المياه ارتباطاً بمنسوب مرجعي معين، انطلاقاً من الضغط الساكن في نقطة مّا. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105151"},{"id":105152,"arabic":"توليد مُشترك للحرارة والطاقة","english":"heat and power, combined / cogeneration","french":"production combinée de chaleur et d'énergie électrique [f.]","description":"توليد مُوحَّد للحرارة والطاقة الكهربائية من أجل الأغراض غير الكهربائية. (المفردات الكهرتقنية الدولية IEV) 602:1989))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105152"},{"id":105153,"arabic":"مياه التبادل الحراري","english":"heat exchange water","french":"eau d’échange thermique [f.]","description":"مياه تُستخدم في عمليات الانتقال والتبادل الحراريّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105153"},{"id":105154,"arabic":"حرارة التكاثف","english":"heat of condensation","french":"chaleur de condensation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105154"},{"id":105155,"arabic":"غلاية استرجاع الحرارة","english":"heat recovery steam generator","french":"générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105155"},{"id":105156,"arabic":"تَبَادُل حراريّ","english":"heat transfer","french":"échange de chaleur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105156"},{"id":105157,"arabic":"حَرَارَة كَامِنَة","english":"heat, latent","french":"chaleur, latente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105157"},{"id":105158,"arabic":"محبس زيت التدفئة","english":"heating oil valve","french":"arrêt fuel [m.] / séparation pour fuel chauffage [f.]","description":"التطوير المُستدام هو تطوير يلائم احتياجات الجيل الحالي، بدون تعريض الأجيال القادمة لخطر عدم الوفاء باحتياجاتهم.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105158"},{"id":105159,"arabic":"صمام الضغط العالي","english":"high pressure gate","french":"vanne à haute pression [f.]","description":"إجماليّ بخر التربة ونتح النبات، وهو يختلف عن البخر الأرضي. رمز المُعادلات: ET (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105159"},{"id":105160,"arabic":"سد أجوف","english":"hollow dam","french":"barrage évidé","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105160"},{"id":105161,"arabic":"مُرشِّح صَرْف","english":"horizontal drainage blanket / pervious blanket / drainage filter","french":"filtre d’assèchement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105161"},{"id":105162,"arabic":"فكرة الصوبة الزجاجية","english":"humidification, solar","french":"principe de serre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105162"},{"id":105163,"arabic":"بيانات هيدرولية","english":"hydraulic data (pl.)","french":"données hydrauliques (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105163"},{"id":105164,"arabic":"تدفق هيدروليكي","english":"hydraulic flow","french":"écoulement hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105164"},{"id":105165,"arabic":"خَطّ التشبُّع","english":"hydraulic grade line / saturation line / percolation line","french":"courbe d’infiltration [f.]","description":"خط انحدار المياه (الجوفية) الخاص بالمياه الخارجية الداخلة إلى الحاجز والمُتدفقة خلاله. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1: 2011).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105165"},{"id":105166,"arabic":"مَيْل مائيّ","english":"hydraulic gradient / water level gradient","french":"pente de ligne d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105166"},{"id":105167,"arabic":"قَفْزة هيدرولية غير مكتملة (محصورة)","english":"hydraulic jump, restricted","french":"ressaut hydraulique, inachevé [m.]","description":"مسار الماء من حالة الملء الجزئيّ إلى حالة تمام الملء في وصلة أنبوبية، ويكون هذا المسار غالباً شديد الاضطراب. أو هي عبارة عن انتقال مسار الماء من المجرى إلى الأنبوب. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105167"},{"id":105168,"arabic":"قوة السحب الهيدرولي","english":"hydraulic resistance","french":"résistance, hydraulique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105168"},{"id":105169,"arabic":"جُيُولوجيا (ال...) المائية","english":"hydrogeology","french":"hydrogéologie [f.]","description":"علم يدرس الظواهر المُتعلقة بالمياه المحتواة في فجوات غلاف الأرض اليابس، كما يدرس تأثيرها المُتبادل مع الصخور. ملحوظة: اختيرت التسمية وفقاً للنقطة الرئيسية لطريقة المُعالجة. (انظر: عِلم المياه الجوفية). (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105169"},{"id":105170,"arabic":"علم الشبكات المائية","english":"hydrography","french":"hydrographie [f.]","description":"علم المياه، مع التركيز بصفة خاصة على الوصف والتصوير.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105170"},{"id":105171,"arabic":"خُطوط تساوى منسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"hydro-isobath; isobath of water table","french":"isobathe de nappe phréatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105171"},{"id":105172,"arabic":"خريطة تساوي منسوب سطح الماء الجوفية","english":"hydro-isopleth map","french":"carte hydroisoplète [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105172"},{"id":105173,"arabic":"دَوْرة مائية","english":"hydrologic cycle / water cycle","french":"circuit d’eau [m.] / circulation de l'eau [f.]","description":"دورة تشمل النتائج الثابتة لتغييرات الحالة والتغييرات المكانية للمياه المُتأثرة بالعناصر الأساسية التالية: الأمطار، والتدفقات، والتبخر، والانتقال الجويّ لبخار الماء. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105173"},{"id":105174,"arabic":"سنة هيدورلوجية","english":"hydrological year","french":"année hydrologique [f.]","description":"فترة زمنية مُدتها عام واحد، تم تحديدها وفقا لمصادر المياه مع مُراعاة التوازن المائيّ، وفي جمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية تمتد هذه الفترة من 1 نوفمبر حتى 31 أكتوبر للعام التالي. ويُحسب نصف العام الشتويّ من 1 نوفمبر حتى 30 أبريل، ونصف العام الصيفيّ من 1 مايو حتى 31 أكتوبر. (انظر: سنة (ال..) المائية) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105174"},{"id":105175,"arabic":"هِيْدرولوُجيا (ال...)","english":"hydrology","french":"hydrologie [f.]","description":"العلم الذي يهتم بدراسة المياه وخواصها وأنواعها على سطح الأرض وأسفلها، وكذلك المياه الساحلية. وتُطلق مُسَمَّيات مُختلفة على المجالات الفرعية المُتخصصة في علم الهيدرولوجيا، مثل: هيدرولوجيا الغابات، وهيدرولوجيا السواحل، وهيدرولوجيا المُدن. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105175"},{"id":105176,"arabic":"حَلْمَأَة","english":"hydrolysis","french":"hydrolyse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105176"},{"id":105177,"arabic":"مِيتُورولُوجيا المياه","english":"hydrometeorology","french":"hydrométéorologie [f.]","description":"الفرع من علم الأرصاد الجوية (المِيتُورولُوجيا) الذي يهتم بدراسة أنواع المياه الموجودة في الغلاف الجويّ، وكذلك التأثيرات المُتبادلة بين العمليات الجوية في دورة المياه والعمليات الهيدرولوجية الأخرى. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105177"},{"id":105178,"arabic":"هِيدْرومَتْرِية (ال...)","english":"hydrometry","french":"hydrométrie [f.]","description":"علم القياس الذي يُحدد مناسيب المياه، ومُعدلات التدفق والجريان السطحيّ. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105178"},{"id":105179,"arabic":"تقييم البنية المائية للمُسطحات المائية","english":"hydromorphological evaluation of waters","french":"évaluation hydromorphologique des eaux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105179"},{"id":105180,"arabic":"مُعامِل التساقط","english":"hyetal coefficient / pluviometric coefficient","french":"coefficient de précipitation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105180"},{"id":105181,"arabic":"مِياه التشرُّب","english":"imbibition moisture; water of imbibition","french":"eau d'imbibition","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105181"},{"id":105182,"arabic":"قطاع مائيّ مُزوّد بسدود وحواجز (لتنظيم المجرى المائيّ)","english":"impounded river section","french":"tronçon fluvial contenu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105182"},{"id":105183,"arabic":"طَبَقة الحجز","english":"impoundment layer","french":"couche de retenue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105183"},{"id":105184,"arabic":"تدفق مائل","english":"inclined flow","french":"écoulement légérement oblique [m.]","description":"تدفق لا يسري بشكل رأسي تماماً بالنسبة لمُنحنى المقطع المُستعرض للتصريف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105184"},{"id":105185,"arabic":"مَيْل عكسيّ","english":"inclined plane","french":"contre-pente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105185"},{"id":105186,"arabic":"مادة مُبَيِّنة","english":"indicator substance","french":"matériau indicateur [m.]","description":"مادة من أصل معروف تُستخدم للتمييز بين مُحتويات المياه. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105186"},{"id":105187,"arabic":"مشروع صناعيّ مُستخدم للمياه","english":"industrial enterprise, water utilising","french":"entreprise industrielle utilisant de l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105187"},{"id":105188,"arabic":"إدارة المياه الصناعية","english":"industrial water management","french":"gestion de l'eau industrielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105188"},{"id":105189,"arabic":"رَشْح","english":"infiltration","french":"infiltration [f.]","description":"دخول المياه إلى سطح التربة عبر حيائز مجوّفة ضيقة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105189"},{"id":105190,"arabic":"تسرّب (إلى داخل التُربة)","english":"infiltration (into the ground)","french":"infiltration (le sol) [f.]","description":"تغلغل مياه الأمطار أو مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُعالجة إلى داخل التربة. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105190"},{"id":105191,"arabic":"مُنحنى مُعدَّل الرشْح","english":"infiltration rate curve","french":"courbe de taux d’infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105191"},{"id":105192,"arabic":"مُعدَّل تصريف الماء الدخيل","english":"infiltration water discharge rate","french":"débit d’eau d’importation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105192"},{"id":105193,"arabic":"وُلُوج","english":"ingress","french":"entrée","description":"علم يبحث في ظهور المياه في المناطق المجوفة من غلاف الأرض اليابسة وتفاعلها المُتبادل مع الصخور. مُلاحظة: اختير اسم المياه الجوفية وفقاً لطبيعة هذه المياه. (انظر: (رابط: [جُيُولوجيا (ال...) المائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105169)) (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105193"},{"id":105194,"arabic":"ساكِن","english":"inhabitant / resident","french":"habitant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105194"},{"id":105195,"arabic":"سَحْب أوّليّ","english":"initial abstraction","french":"extraction initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105195"},{"id":105196,"arabic":"أراضي مستنقعات المياه العذبة داخل البلاد","english":"inland fresh water wetlands","french":"zone humide intérieure d'eau douce [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105196"},{"id":105197,"arabic":"جهاز اقتصادي","english":"instrument, economic","french":"instrument économique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105197"},{"id":105198,"arabic":"مِنطَقة التغذية (لطبقة حاملة للمياه)","english":"intake area (of an aquifer)","french":"zone d’alimentation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105198"},{"id":105199,"arabic":"إدارة (ال...) المُتكاملة لموارد المياه","english":"Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)","french":"Gestion Intégrée des Ressources en Eau [f.]","description":"جاء مبدأ الإدارة المُتكاملة لموارد المياه (IWRM) من خلال التواصل مع غيره من حلول الموارد الحيوية لأزمة المياه. وفي حالة دورة المياه المتكاملة، تؤخذ في الاعتبار التأثيرات البشرية كأساس للإدارة المُستدامة للمياه. (المُرادف: مبادئ 'دُبلن') (انظر: [إدارة (ال..) المُتَكَامِلَة للموارد المائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105751))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105199"},{"id":105200,"arabic":"الإدارة المتكاملة للموارد المائية","english":"integrated water resources management (IWRM)","french":"gestion intégrée des ressources en eau (GIRE)","description":"#N/A","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105200"},{"id":105201,"arabic":"تَدَاخُل الأنظمة الفرعية","english":"interaction of subsystems","french":"interaction des sous-systèmes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105201"},{"id":105202,"arabic":"قِياسية المواجهة","english":"interface standard","french":"norme d’interface [f.]","description":"الرسابة المتكوّنة من المواد المُتجمدة أو المواد الحفرية من الأنهار الجليدية. وفي المنطقة العربية أيضاً توجد ترسيبات من صخور صلبة ناجمة من حقبة أوّلية للمناطق الجليدية، كما حدث عند تجمّد الصحراء وجبال 'أنديز' قبل 450 مليون سنة. وفي مجالات التجلّد في العصور الحديثة تلعب الرسابة الجليدية الأرضية دوراً هاماً كمصدر للمياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105202"},{"id":105203,"arabic":"اختبار للمقارنة في المعامل","english":"interlaboratory comparison test","french":"essai comparatif interlaboratoire [m.]","description":"رسم بياني يوضح قيماً معينة في تسلسلها الزمني. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105203"},{"id":105204,"arabic":"تجويف في باطن الأرض","english":"interstice (in a rock or soil) / void (in a rock or soil)","french":"cavité dans le sous-sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105204"},{"id":105205,"arabic":"تجويفات شَعَرية في باطن الأرض","english":"interstice, capillary","french":"porosité, capillaire [f.]","description":"في نظام التربة، الحجم الكليّ للتربة الذي لا تدخل فيه جُسيمات التربة الصلبة، والذي يحتفظ بالماء عن طريق القوى الشعرية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105205"},{"id":105206,"arabic":"أصغرتجويفة شَعَرية في باطن الأرض","english":"interstice, subcapillary","french":"porosité, capillaire minimale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105206"},{"id":105207,"arabic":"مياه الفرجات","english":"interstitial water","french":"eau interstitielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105207"},{"id":105208,"arabic":"أَرْض مغمورة","english":"inundated land","french":"sol, immergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105208"},{"id":105209,"arabic":"ري","english":"irrigation","french":"irrigation","description":"تأمين إمدادات المياه من مصدر معيّن أو استكمال مياه الأمطار لأغراض الزراعة وإنبات المحاصيل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105209"},{"id":105210,"arabic":"تقنية الري","english":"irrigation technique","french":"technique d’irrigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105210"},{"id":105211,"arabic":"خَطُّ تساوي الضغط (المياه الجوفية)","english":"isopiestic line / pressure surface contour","french":"courbe de niveau de la nappe phréatique [f.]","description":"(انظر: الخط الكنتوريّ للضاغط المتساوي)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105211"},{"id":105212,"arabic":"خط تساوي الضغط","english":"isopiestic line / pressure surface contour","french":"hydroisohypse [f.]","description":"خط تساوي الضغط البيزومتري. وهو خطٌ يصل بين جميع النقاط التي يتساوى عندها منسوب المياه الجوفية (المُستويات البيزومترية لمنسوب سطح المياه الجوفية) مُتخطياً مُستويات الإسناد المُتعارف عليها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105212"},{"id":105213,"arabic":"كنتور الضغط المتساوي","english":"isopiestic line; pressure surface contour","french":"ligne isopiestique [f.]","description":"(انظر: خط تساوي الضغط)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105213"},{"id":105214,"arabic":"انتشار النفْث","english":"jet diffusion","french":"dispersion de jet [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105214"},{"id":105215,"arabic":"بوابة تدفق نَفْثيّ","english":"jet flow gate","french":"vanne de jet [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105215"},{"id":105216,"arabic":"نَفْث حلقيّ","english":"jet, annular / jet, hollow","french":"jet annulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105216"},{"id":105217,"arabic":"نفث مغمور","english":"jet, drowned / jet, submerged","french":"jet immergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105217"},{"id":105218,"arabic":"نَفْث مَغْمُور","english":"jet, drowned / jet, submerged","french":"jet neutralisé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105218"},{"id":105219,"arabic":"نَفْث غاطِس","english":"jet, drowned / jet, submerged","french":"jet immergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105219"},{"id":105220,"arabic":"نَفْث مَغْمُور جُزئياً","english":"jet, partially drowned / jet, partially submerged","french":"jet semi neutralisé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105220"},{"id":105221,"arabic":"إدارة مشتركة","english":"joint management","french":"gestion conjointe","description":"ترتيبات تشارك في إطارها الإدارات الحكومية وهيئات المجتمع المحلي لمستخدمي المورد والمنظمات غير الحكومية والمعاهد الأكاديمية والبحثية والمعنيين الآخرين في تحمّل المسؤولية وممارسة سلطة اتخاذ القرار بشأن إدارة المورد الطبيعي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105221"},{"id":105222,"arabic":"قَفْزَة مائية","english":"jump, hydraulic","french":"saut hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105222"},{"id":105223,"arabic":"قَفْزة هيدرولية جزئية","english":"jump, undular","french":"ressaut hydraulique, incomplet [m.]","description":"مسار الماء من نقطة اندفاعه وحتى تدفقه، حيث لا يتكوّن عند هذا المسار أيّ لفافة سطحية كاملة. ويسري ما سبق - في حالة البرابخ الصندوقية ذات القيعان الأفقية - عند النطاق . (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105223"},{"id":105224,"arabic":"مياه جوفية لفتحات غائرة","english":"karst groundwater","french":"eau souterraine karstique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105224"},{"id":105225,"arabic":"ماء كهف","english":"karst water","french":"eau karstique [f.]","description":"المياه الموجودة في المناطق الكارتسية وتكون لها صفات فيزيائية-كيميائية خاصة، بسبب اتصالها الاحتكاكيّ بحجر الكلس أو بالحجر الجيريّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105225"},{"id":105226,"arabic":"أُنْبوب 'كلفن'","english":"Kelvin tube","french":"tube de Kelvin [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105226"},{"id":105227,"arabic":"مُعادَلَة 'كاتر'","english":"Kutter’s formula","french":"formule de Kutter [f.]","description":"صيغة عملية لحساب حركة المياه في القنوات، مع أخذ فواقد الاحتكاك في الاعتبار. وقد سُميت على اسم مهندس المياه فيلهيلم رودولف كاتر 'Wilhelm Rudolf Kutter' (القرن التاسع عشر).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105227"},{"id":105228,"arabic":"مُعادلَة 'لاسي'","english":"Lacey’s formula","french":"formule de Lacey [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105228"},{"id":105229,"arabic":"مَمر 'لاسي' المائيّ","english":"Lacey’s waterway / Lacey's wetted perimeter","french":"profil de débit de Lacey ou contour mouillé d’après Laces [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105229"},{"id":105230,"arabic":"عامِل الطمي لـ 'لاسي'","english":"Lacey's silt factor","french":"facteur de silt de Lacey [m.]","description":"عامل أدخله لاسي عام 1930 تأسيساً على النظرية القائلة بأنه في كل المجاري المائية المُستقرة التي لها نفس درجة الطمي، فإن النسبة V²/R (حيث V متوسط السرعة، R متوسط العمق الهيدرولي) تختص بالاضطراب وهي نسبة ثابتة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105230"},{"id":105231,"arabic":"تعلية الأرض","english":"land elevation","french":"exhaussement de terres [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105231"},{"id":105232,"arabic":"استصلاح الأراضي","english":"land reclamation","french":"reconstitution de sol [f.]","description":"إصلاح أو إعادة وظائف التربة في الأراضي المُتضررة، عن طريق استخدام الحمأة أو مواد أخرى مُكوّنة للدبال عليها. (انظر: استصلاح التربة) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105232"},{"id":105233,"arabic":"قانون ملكية الأراضي","english":"land reparcelling; land consolidation","french":"remembrement rural [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105233"},{"id":105234,"arabic":"خطة الانتفاع بالأرض","english":"land use plan","french":"plan d'occupation des sols","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105234"},{"id":105235,"arabic":"استغلال الأراضي بشكل يسمح غمرها بالمياه","english":"land utilisation, water-compatible","french":"utilisation des sols compatible avec l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105235"},{"id":105236,"arabic":"انهيار أرضي","english":"landslide","french":"glissement de terrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105236"},{"id":105237,"arabic":"ماء الرشْح","english":"leachate / seepage loss / seep water","french":"eau d'infiltration [f.] / lixiviat [m.]","description":"(انظر: [إدارة حَوْض النهر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107974))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105237"},{"id":105238,"arabic":"مياه مُرتشحة من مقلب القُمامة","english":"leachate; landfill leachate","french":"eaux de drainage des décharges (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105238"},{"id":105239,"arabic":"احتياجات الغسْل","english":"leaching requirement","french":"besoins de lavage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105239"},{"id":105240,"arabic":"رَصَاص","english":"lead (metal)","french":"plomb [m.]","description":"جزء من غلاف الأرض اليابس يقع خلال فترة زمنية في منطقة التشبع، ويقع خلال فترة أخرى في منطقة التهوية التي تعلوها، وذلك تبعاً لتغيّر منسوب المياه الجوفية. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105240"},{"id":105241,"arabic":"سِلْك السبْر","english":"lead line / log line / sounding wire","french":"ligne de sonde [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105241"},{"id":105242,"arabic":"كشف التسرب","english":"leak detection","french":"détection de fuite","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105242"},{"id":105243,"arabic":"تحديد مكان التسرب","english":"leak detection","french":"localisation de fuites","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105243"},{"id":105244,"arabic":"كَمّية المياه المُتسرِّبة","english":"leak volume","french":"débit de fuite [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105244"},{"id":105245,"arabic":"مياه مُتسرّبة","english":"leakage water","french":"eau de fuite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105245"},{"id":105246,"arabic":"منسوب هيدروستاتيّ","english":"level, hydrostatic","french":"niveau statique [m.]","description":"(انظر: [مَنْسُوب ساكن](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105608))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105246"},{"id":105247,"arabic":"إلانة الجير","english":"lime softening","french":"adoucissement de chaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105247"},{"id":105248,"arabic":"حَجَر جيريّ","english":"limestone","french":"calcaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105248"},{"id":105249,"arabic":"علم المياه العذبة","english":"limnology","french":"limnologie [f.]","description":"علم البيئة الذي يدرس المسطحات المائية الداخلية (مثل البحيرات). (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105249"},{"id":105250,"arabic":"خَط الضغط البيزومتريّ الثابت","english":"line of constant piezometric head","french":"niveau d’eau souterraine [m.]","description":"(انظر: خط  كنتوريّ للضاغط المتساوي)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105250"},{"id":105251,"arabic":"سَطْح الماء الجوفيّ الرئيسيّ","english":"line of seepage / surface, phreatic","french":"surface, phréatique [f.]","description":"في إطار الأسطح الحُرة، هو الحد العلوي للمنطقة المُشبّعة من التربة عن طريق سطح المياه الجوفية، وذلك في مجرى حر للمياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105251"},{"id":105252,"arabic":"خَطَ هبوط منسوب المياه","english":"line of water level decline","french":"ligne de rabattement du niveau des eaux [f.]","description":"مكان مزروع بالحشائش (العشب)، تبلغ مساحته حوالي 30 سم x 30 سم، وسمكه من 3 إلى 4 سم. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105252"},{"id":105253,"arabic":"سريان طوليّ للمياه (اتجاه التيار في مجرى ما)","english":"longitudinal continuity","french":"continuité longitudinale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105253"},{"id":105254,"arabic":"مِقْدار الفَقْد","english":"loss amount","french":"montant de perte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105254"},{"id":105255,"arabic":"استنزاف خيطيّ","english":"loss of flow","french":"perte de débit [f.]","description":"كمية الماء الداخلة إلى واد أو إلى رقعة أرضية مُعينة، مطروحاً منها الكمية الخارجة من الوادي أو من الرقعة الأرضية المُعينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105255"},{"id":105256,"arabic":"طبقة احتباس سفلى","english":"lower confining bed","french":"fond de la nappe souterraine [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105256"},{"id":105257,"arabic":"عُمِّقَ نزول منسوب المياه","english":"lowering depth","french":"niveau d'épuisement / niveau de rabattement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105257"},{"id":105258,"arabic":"سَطْح الماء الجوفيّ الرئيسيّ","english":"main water table / phreatic surface","french":"niveau de la nappe aquifère supérieure [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105258"},{"id":105259,"arabic":"إدارة","english":"management","french":"gestion","description":"يقصد بالإدارة في مجال المياه التخطيط على نحو يحقق التنمية المستدامة للمجرى المائي الدولي، وضمان تنفيذ الخطط المعتمدة، بحيث تسهم في ترشيد استخدام الموارد المائية في المجرى وحمايتها ورصدها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105259"},{"id":105260,"arabic":"إدارة مصادر المياه","english":"management of water resources","french":"exploitation des ressources en eau [f.]","description":"التعرف على الموارد المائية المتاحة، وتوزيعها، واستغلالها بشكل مُقنن.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105260"},{"id":105261,"arabic":"استراتيجية الإدارة","english":"management strategy","french":"stratégie de gestion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105261"},{"id":105262,"arabic":"إدارة متواءمة","english":"management, matched","french":"gestion adaptée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105262"},{"id":105263,"arabic":"إدارة قياسية","english":"management, normative","french":"gestion, normative [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105263"},{"id":105264,"arabic":"إدارة تشغيلية","english":"management, operative","french":"gestion opérationnelle","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105264"},{"id":105265,"arabic":"إدارة مستدامة","english":"management, sustained","french":"gestion durable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105265"},{"id":105266,"arabic":"مخرج يصب في البحر","english":"marine outfall / sea outfall","french":"écoulement en mer [m.]","description":"وصلة أنبوبية أو أنبوب يقوم بتصريف (توجيه) مياه الصرف الصحيّ المنزلية أو الصناعية، ومياه الأمطار، والمياه المُختلطة ومياه التبريد أو تصريف المياه المالحة من محطات تحلية المياه، في البحر. ويوجد هذا المخرج عادةً تحت سطح الماء. وعادةً ما تكون مياه الصرف الصحي المنزلية غير مُعالجة أو يتم تصريفها بعد المُعالجة الأوّلية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105266"},{"id":105267,"arabic":"علامة المنسوب","english":"marker","french":"marque de retenue [f.]","description":"نقطة ثابتة مؤمّنة جيوديسياً لتحديد ومُراقبة مناسيب مُحددة مُسبقاً للمياه. (انظر: [علامة التخزين](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104795)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105267"},{"id":105268,"arabic":"توازن الكتلة","english":"mass balance","french":"équilibre des masses [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105268"},{"id":105269,"arabic":"مُنحنى تَراكُم التصريف","english":"mass discharge curve; cumulative volume curve","french":"courbe du débit cumulé [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105269"},{"id":105270,"arabic":"نموذج افتراضي لدورة المواد في الطبيعة","english":"mass flow model, conceptual","french":"modèle de flux des matières conceptuel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105270"},{"id":105271,"arabic":"دورة المواد في الطبيعة","english":"material flow","french":"flux de matières [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105271"},{"id":105272,"arabic":"تحليل دورة المواد في الطبيعة","english":"Material flow analysis","french":"analyse du flux des matières [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105272"},{"id":105273,"arabic":"أيْض المواد","english":"material metabolism","french":"métabolisme de matières [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105273"},{"id":105274,"arabic":"طبقة التُربة السطحية","english":"matrix / surface soil / native soil / topsoil","french":"terreau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105274"},{"id":105275,"arabic":"أقصى ارتفاع شعري","english":"maximum capillary head","french":"charge capillaire maximum [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105275"},{"id":105276,"arabic":"حد أقصى لامتصاص آشعة الشمس","english":"maximum sun absorption","french":"absorption maximale des rayons du soleil [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105276"},{"id":105277,"arabic":"مُعدَّل سنويّ للمدد النهريّ","english":"mean annual runoff","french":"quantité de précipitation annuelle moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105277"},{"id":105278,"arabic":"مُنحنى التصريف بين السرعة المتوسِّطة ومنسوب الماء","english":"mean velocity curve","french":"courbe vitesse moyenne-hauteur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105278"},{"id":105279,"arabic":"قِياس","english":"measurement / dimension / measuring / rating","french":"mesure [f.]","description":"تعيين قيمة مُحددة لمُتغير فيزيائي أو كيميائي أو بيولوجي، كمُضاعف لوحدة أو قيمة مرجعية على أساس تجريبي. كما ينبغي تحديد الموقع والزمن. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105279"},{"id":105280,"arabic":"جهاز يعمل بالأغشية الرقّية المصنوعة من ألياف جوفاء","english":"membrane assembly, hollow fibre","french":"installation à membrane en fibre de bois [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105280"},{"id":105281,"arabic":"تصميم اللوح الغشائي","english":"membrane module, plate and frame","french":"module de plaque à membrane [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105281"},{"id":105282,"arabic":"تصميم الغِشَاء الحلزونيّ الملفوف","english":"membrane module, spiral-wound","french":"module de membrane, enroulé en spirale [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105282"},{"id":105283,"arabic":"تصميم الأنبوب الغشائي","english":"membrane module, tubular","french":"module de tube à membrane [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105283"},{"id":105284,"arabic":"فَصْل بالأغشية","english":"membrane separation","french":"écartement de membrane [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105284"},{"id":105285,"arabic":"حزمة من الأغشية","english":"membrane stack","french":"empilement à membrane [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105285"},{"id":105286,"arabic":"غِشَاء غير متماثل","english":"membrane, asymmetric","french":"membrane, asymétrique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105286"},{"id":105287,"arabic":"غِشَاء انتقائيّ للكاتيونات","english":"membrane, cation-selective","french":"membrane, à sélectivité cationique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105287"},{"id":105288,"arabic":"غِشَاء من أسيتات السليولوز","english":"membrane, cellulose acetate","french":"membrane, acétocellulose [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105288"},{"id":105289,"arabic":"غشاء رقّيّ من ألياف جوفاء","english":"membrane, hollow fibre","french":"membrane en fibre de bois [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105289"},{"id":105290,"arabic":"غِشَاء تَخْليقيّ للتَنَاضُح العكسيّ","english":"membrane, synthetic reverse osmosis","french":"membrane d’osmose inverse, artificielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105290"},{"id":105291,"arabic":"غشاء رقي مُركّب","english":"membrane, thin film composite (TFC)","french":"membrane composite à film fin (TFC) [f.]","description":"TEC اختصار لعبارة: thin-film composite ، بمعنى غشاء رقي مُركّب من طبقات رقيقة مُتعددة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105291"},{"id":105292,"arabic":"شَبَكة","english":"mesh","french":"maille de crible [f.]","description":"إدارة حوض النهر هو نهج مُتخصص لتخطيط الأراضي وإدارة المسطحات المائية وحمايتها. وبالتالي يمكن تخفيض الأثار السلبية التي تتعرض لها المُسطحات المائية أو تدفق المياه بها بالقرب من المصادر المُسببة لذلك. وبإلغاء لائحة الاتحاد الأوروبي الخاصة بإطار إدارة المياه، قام الاتحاد الأوروبي في عام 2000 بوضع وتحديد لوائح جديدة خاصة بإدارة أحواض الأنهار، تكون مُلزمة لدول أوروبا. وتتطلب القوانين الأوربية وكذلك القومية الآن تنسيقاً بين الدول ووضع خطط إدارة مُتكاملة. وقد أصبحت حماية المياه بوصفها موئلاً للنباتات والحيوانات، وحماية موارد مياه الشرب والسيطرة على الفيضانات هدفاً مهماً للسياسة البيئية الأوروبية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105292"},{"id":105293,"arabic":"مادة معدنية","english":"mineral matter / mineral aggregate","french":"agrégat minéral [m.] / matière minérale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105293"},{"id":105294,"arabic":"ماء معدني","english":"mineral water","french":"eau minérale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105294"},{"id":105295,"arabic":"حساب هيدروليّ نَمُوذَجيّ","english":"model calculation, hydraulic","french":"modèle de calcul hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105295"},{"id":105296,"arabic":"رُطُوبة","english":"moisture / humidity","french":"humidité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105296"},{"id":105297,"arabic":"سَعَة الرطوبة المتاحة للتربة","english":"moisture capacity of the soil, available","french":"capacité utile du sol pour l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105297"},{"id":105298,"arabic":"خصائص (ال..) المُميزة للرطوبة في التربة","english":"moisture characteristic, soil","french":"caractéristique d’humidité du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105298"},{"id":105299,"arabic":"مُحتوى (ال...) المائيّ","english":"moisture content / water content","french":"teneur en eau [f.]","description":"حجم الماء المُتبخر من التربة عند تجفيفها عند درجة حرارة 105 °س إلى أن تثبت كتلتها، مقسوماً على حجم التربة الكليّ الأوليّ. رمز المُعادلات: w\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105299"},{"id":105300,"arabic":"نسبة الضغط في مياه التربة","english":"moisture tension; soil moisture tension","french":"charge d’eau au sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105300"},{"id":105301,"arabic":"مناطق 'مونيريس' (MONERIS)","english":"MONERIS areas","french":"bassin 'MONERIS' [m.]","description":"مُستجمعات في إطار برنامج 'مونيريس' MONERIS لتقييم مُحتوى المواد الغذائية، وهو برنامج يعمل على تنفيذ دراسات محلية وقومية ودولية خاصة بجودة المياه في مناطق تلك المُستجمعات. والاختصار MONERIS يعني = MOdeling of Nutrient Emissions into RIver Systems (البرنامج الحسابيّ لتقييم مُحتوى المواد الغذائية في مياه الأنهار).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105301"},{"id":105302,"arabic":"محصول أكبر مقابل كل قطرة","english":"more crop per drop","french":"plus de grains par goutte (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105302"},{"id":105303,"arabic":"نموذج 'موسديو' (نموذج التنمية المُستدامة لمصادر المياه) (MOSDEW)","english":"MOSDEW (MOdel for Sustainable DEvelopment of Water resources)","french":"Modèle-MOSDEW [m.]","description":"برنامج خاص بموقع مُعين لإدارة مصادر المياه. والعلاقات المُتبادلة بين تقنين الاستهلاك لليابسة والمياه من ناحية والبيانات الخاصة بهذا الموقع من ناحية أخرى. وهذا البرنامج يوضح العلاقة الحقيقية بين الطقس العالمي والتغيرات الاقتصادية الاجتماعية، وكذلك بين الإمكانيات المحلية، والإنتاجية الزراعية، والاستفادة الاقتصادية، والتأثيرات البيئية والهيدرولوجية والاقتصادية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105303"},{"id":105304,"arabic":"ناتج جزّ الحشائش (الأعشاب)","english":"mowed material","french":"produit de fauchage [m.]","description":"كتلة النبات الناتجة عن عمليات جزّ الحشائش الضارة ونزعها. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105304"},{"id":105305,"arabic":"تَقْطِير متعدد التأثير","english":"multi-effect distillation (MED)","french":"évaporation à effets multiples [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105305"},{"id":105306,"arabic":"مشروع متعدد الأهداف","english":"multiple-purpose project","french":"aménagement à buts multiples","description":"مشروع يُصمّم لأكثر من هدف وتخصص تكاليفه حسب المهام التي تنفذ في إطاره. ومن الأمثلة على ذلك مشروع لتأمين المياه للري والترفيه والأسماك والحياة البرية وترميم الموائل وحمايتها، يمكن أن يشمل التحكم بالفيضانات وتوليد الطاقة الكهربائية. … الخ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105306"},{"id":105307,"arabic":"خطة مائية متعددة القطاعات","english":"multi-sectorial water plan","french":"plan multi-sectoriel (de gestion) de l'eau","description":"خطة مائية تشمل جميع القطاعات والأنشطة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية التي يمكن أن تتأثر باستخدام المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105307"},{"id":105308,"arabic":"ترشيح نانوي","english":"nanofiltration","french":"nanofiltration [f.]","description":"عمليات فصل غشائي، لتخفيف أو إزالة صلابة المعادن الثقيلة الموجودة في مياه الصرف الصناعية أثناء مُعالجتها. ويتراوح نطاق ضغط التشغيل ما بين 0.3 و 0.4 ميجا باسكال (MPa).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105308"},{"id":105309,"arabic":"خطة عمل وطنية للبيئة","english":"national environmental action plan (NEAP)","french":"plan d'action national pour l'environnement (PNAE)","description":"برنامج شامل يهدف إلى وضع الاستراتيجيات والسياسات البيئية، والعمل بالسياسات التي تحقق الاستدامة البيئية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105309"},{"id":105310,"arabic":"استراتيجية وطنية للتنمية المستدامة","english":"national strategy for sustainable development (NSSD)","french":"Stratégie nationale pour le développement durable","description":"إستراتيجية وطنية تهدف إلى قلب الاتجاهات الحالية في فقدان وإهدار الموارد البيئية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105310"},{"id":105311,"arabic":"خطة وطنية للمياه","english":"national water plan","french":"Plan national de l'eau","description":"خطة تتضمن صياغة وتنفيذ ووضع استراتيجيات ومعايير لضمان التقدير الصحيح للموارد المائية المتاحة والطلب عليها، ومنع التنازع على استخدامها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105311"},{"id":105312,"arabic":"إدارة (ال...) المُتكاملة للأخطار الطبيعية","english":"natural hazard management, integral","french":"gestion des risques naturels, intégrale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105312"},{"id":105313,"arabic":"خّطُّ الأرض الطبيعي","english":"natural surface line","french":"tracé de l'axe d'un canal sur le terrain naturel","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105313"},{"id":105314,"arabic":"صافي الاحتياجات المائية","english":"net water requirement","french":"besoins en eau nets [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105314"},{"id":105315,"arabic":"استخدام غير استهلاكي","english":"non-consumptive use","french":"usage non comptable; usage non commercial","description":"سحب المياه لاستخدامها من غير استهلاكها، كسحب المياه لأغراض توليد الطاقة الكهربائية، وغيرها من الأغراض مثل الملاحة، صيد الأسماك، حيث تبقى إمدادات المياه متاحة لاستخدامات أخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105315"},{"id":105316,"arabic":"مياه أرضية غير متجددة","english":"non-renewable groundwater","french":"eau souterraine non renouvelable [f.]","description":"مياه جوفية غير مُتجددة قد يرجع السبب في تكوَّنها إلى: أ) الترسّب الدائم في مُجسم المياه الجوفية على مستوى المسام بعد انخفاض الضغط أو الإمداد بالمياه، ب) استخراج المياه اليافعة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105316"},{"id":105317,"arabic":"تُربة قَلَويّة غير ملحية","english":"non-saline-alkali soil","french":"sol alcalin non-salin [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105317"},{"id":105318,"arabic":"مُستوى سطح البحر","english":"normal chart datum","french":"niveau moyen des mers [m.]","description":"في جمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية، هي الموضع المرجعي المُحدد رسمياً لعمليات قياس مُستويات الارتفاع. رمز المُعادلات: NN. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105318"},{"id":105319,"arabic":"نُقطة رصْد","english":"observation point / measuring point","french":"point de mesure [m.]","description":"نقطة مُحددة في نطاق موضع الرصد أو القياس، الغرض منها تنفيذ قياس فعلي (ارتباطاً بموقف لحظي أو بحالة مُعينة) أو أخذ عيّنات (نقطة أخذ عيّنات). (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105319"},{"id":105320,"arabic":"بئر مراقبة","english":"observation well","french":"puits d'observation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105320"},{"id":105321,"arabic":"تيار المادة الفَوّاحة المنبعِث","english":"odour emission rate","french":"débit de substances odorantes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105321"},{"id":105322,"arabic":"تَأَذٍّ من الروائح الكريهة","english":"odour nuisance","french":"nuisance olfactive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105322"},{"id":105323,"arabic":"ارتفاع مانع تسرب الرائحة","english":"odour seal height","french":"hauteurs de garde d'eau [f.]","description":"تناقص الهواء في التربة بشكل مؤقت أو متواصل نتيجةً لزيادة محتواها من الماء بفعل المياه الجوفية التي تكون عند منسوب أعلى من منسوبها الطبيعي (رطوبة جوفية)، وبفعل المياه الراكدة (رطوبة راكدة)، وكذلك المياه المُعلقة في التربة فقيرة المسام (رطوبة مُعلقة) أو المياه الكنتورية (رطوبة كنتورية). (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105323"},{"id":105324,"arabic":"تركيز الروائح","english":"odours concentration","french":"concentration d'odeurs [f.]","description":"تمييز المواد المعدنية للتربة حسب التركيب الحجميّ لحبيباتها. (انظر: [صِنف التربة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105547)) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105324"},{"id":105325,"arabic":"مطرح النفايات","english":"old deposit","french":"dépôt ancien","description":"منشأة مهجورة للتخلص من النفايات وأيضاً الأراضي الخاصة بها،  تعالج وتخزن وترسب  فيها النفايات. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105325"},{"id":105326,"arabic":"نِظام التخلّص من الزيت القديم","english":"old oil disposal system","french":"installation d'élimination des huiles usagées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105326"},{"id":105327,"arabic":"جهاز قياس هطول المطر","english":"ombrometer / rain gauge / hyetometer / pluviometer","french":"pluviomètre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105327"},{"id":105328,"arabic":"فتحة ابتدائية","english":"opening interstice / primary interstice","french":"cavité, primaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105328"},{"id":105329,"arabic":"سحب مثالي","english":"optimal yield","french":"fourniture optimale","description":"كمية المياه التي يمكن سحبها سنوياً من خزان جوفي، أو من حوض مائي أو من أي مصدر آخر وفقاً للمعايير المُحَدَّدة لاستخدام أمثل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105329"},{"id":105330,"arabic":"قدرة الصرف","english":"outlet","french":"possibilité d'écoulement","description":"إمكانية تصريف المياه العادية ومياه الصرف الصحي بفعل الميل الطبيعي للأرض أو تدرجها الاصطناعي (صرف طبيعي أو اصطناعي). (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105330"},{"id":105331,"arabic":"نِطاق مُحيط","english":"outskirts / fringe area","french":"zone extérieure [f.]","description":"استخراج المياه من خزان جوفي به مياه حفرية. وتكون المياه الجوفية الحفرية مُخزّنة في طبقات الأرض العميقة دون أي اتصال لفترة زمنية طويلة بالجو أو بالمجاري المائية السطحية. وقد يبلغ عُمر المياه الجوفية المخزونة تلك عشرات الآلاف من السنين، لم تتجدد فيها بفعل الظروف المُناخية. ويُعد الانتفاع بالمياه الجوفية الحفرية باستخدام تقنيات الحفر العميق المُتطورة (المضخات والحفارات) موضوعاً مُختلفاً عليه بين جهات إدارة المصادر المائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105331"},{"id":105332,"arabic":"تجويف مُتجاوز القطع (خارج البروفيل)","english":"overbreak","french":"hors-profil [m.]","description":"1- في مُستودعات النفايات أو المناطق الملوثة القديمة، المياه المُتسرّبة عبر المواد الملوّثة، مثل القمامة. (DIN EN 1085:2007) 2- في علم الهندسة الهيدرولية للسدود، هي المياه المُتخللة عبر التربة من أحواض التخزين أو الحجز أو جانبيّ الوادي أو جسم السدّ. (DIN 4048-1:1987) 3- مع السدود بشكل عام، إجمالي المياه المُتدفقة في السد (راجع مياه الصرف، المياه المرتشحة، التسرب العائد)، وبشكل خاص: المياه الداخلة أعلى منحنى الترشيح والمتدفقة في السد دون ضغط أو القادمة من منخفض ما. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105332"},{"id":105333,"arabic":"استغلال مُفرِط (إجهاد)","english":"overdevelopment","french":"dépassement de prélèvement (exploitation d’eau souterraine) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105333"},{"id":105334,"arabic":"إجهاد مَحليّ","english":"overdevelopment, local","french":"dépassement de prise, local [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105334"},{"id":105335,"arabic":"استنزاف","english":"overdraft; overexploitation","french":"surexploitation","description":"1- استخراج مستمر من طبقة حاملة للمياه الجوفية أو من خزان بمعدل أعلى من معدل التغذية.2- انخفاض المخزون الجوفي أو معدل التدفق في مجرى مائي أو نبع بسبب تجاوز معدل التصريف معدّل التغذية الطبيعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105335"},{"id":105336,"arabic":"استنزاف","english":"overexploitation","french":"surexploitation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105336"},{"id":105337,"arabic":"استنزاف مُسْرِف لمَصَادِر المياه الجَوفِيَّة","english":"overexploitation of groundwater resources","french":"surexploitation des ressources en eau souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105337"},{"id":105338,"arabic":"فَيْض تام","english":"overfall, free","french":"déversoir complet","description":"هدار يحدث به تغيُّر في الجريان من بداية حدوث التدفق وحتى نهايته، وفيه لا يتأثر منسوب المياه السطحية بالمياه الجوفية. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105338"},{"id":105339,"arabic":"هدّار غاطس","english":"overfall, submerged","french":"déversoir incomplet","description":"هدار ليس به تغيير في الجريان، وفيه يتأثر منسوب مُستوى المياه السطحية بالمياه التحتية. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105339"},{"id":105340,"arabic":"مَسْقَط مياه السد","english":"overfall; overflow","french":"déversoir [m.]","description":"تدفق ذو سطح حُر، يجري فيه الماء عبر الجسم الموجود في المقطع العرضي للتدفق (على سبيل المثال، هدّار ثابت أو مُتحرك). وفي كثير من الأحيان قد يكون الهدار نفسه بمثابة مسقط. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105340"},{"id":105341,"arabic":"هيدروجراف (التدفق فوق الأرض)","english":"overland flow hydrograph","french":"courbe d’écoulement superficiel [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105341"},{"id":105342,"arabic":"صرف جارِ","english":"over-shot run; over-pour run","french":"fonctionnement avec écoulement par-dessus","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105342"},{"id":105343,"arabic":"قيمة بيانية","english":"parameter / characteristic magnitude","french":"grandeur caractéristique [f.]","description":"1- في الهيدرولوجيا، قيمة مُعينة ناتجة عن عملية مُحددة لتوصيف الخصائص الأساسية لمُسطح مائي أو المُستجمع الخاص به. 2- عموماً: قيمة يُشار بها مثلاً إلى جهاز قياس، بهدف تحديد أدائه بالقيم والحدود المسموح بها، ونطاقات الاستخدام، وما إلى ذلك.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105343"},{"id":105344,"arabic":"صخرة الام ","english":"parent rock","french":"roche mère","description":"مجموعة الصخور الصلبة غير العضوية أو المُفتتة، والتي تتكوّن منها التربة أو تكوّنت منها بالفعل (الطبقة C). (DIN 4047-3:2002) (انظر: مادة الأساس)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105344"},{"id":105345,"arabic":"مسيل 'بارشال' للقياس","english":"Parshall measuring flume","french":"canal de mesure Parshall [m.]","description":"مسيل فنتوري مُعدّل لقياس التدفق في القنوات المفتوحة. وهو مُسَمَّى على اسم المهندس الأمريكيّ 'رالف ل. بارشال' (Ralph L. Parshall).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105345"},{"id":105346,"arabic":"جزء من المليون","english":"parts per million (ppm)","french":"parties par million (ppm) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105346"},{"id":105347,"arabic":"مسار مطلق","english":"path, absolute","french":"trajectoire d’écoulement, absolue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105347"},{"id":105348,"arabic":"ذُروَة تدفق المياه","english":"peak water flow","french":"débit de pointe [m.]","description":"الحد الأقصى لكمية المياه المُتدفقة أو المتصرفة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105348"},{"id":105349,"arabic":"مياه جوفية مُعلَّقة","english":"perched water / perched groundwater","french":"nappe suspendue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105349"},{"id":105350,"arabic":"حُفْرَة الرَشْح","english":"percolation basin","french":"bassin d'infiltration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105350"},{"id":105351,"arabic":"مُعدل الأداء (المُكثف الكهربائي)","english":"performance ratio (condenser)","french":"degré d’utilisation (condensateur) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105351"},{"id":105352,"arabic":"قطاع (ال...) الزمنيّ لهطول الأمطار","english":"period rainfall section","french":"section de pluie périodique [f.]","description":"الجُزء المُحدد زمنياً من عملية هطول الأمطار، والذي يتم فيه الوصول إلى قيمة حدّية منصوص عليها مُسبقاً (كمية المطر في فترة زمنية مُعينة مثلاً) أو يتم تجاوزها. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105352"},{"id":105353,"arabic":"مِقياس مناسيب دائم","english":"permanent gauge","french":"échelle fluviale permanente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105353"},{"id":105354,"arabic":"مُعامِل النفاذية","english":"permeability coefficient","french":"coefficient de pouvoir de perméabilité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105354"},{"id":105355,"arabic":"نَفاذِية الماء","english":"permeability to water","french":"perméabilité à l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105355"},{"id":105356,"arabic":"راشِح (برميت)","english":"permeate","french":"perméat [m.]","description":"في عملية الفصل بالأغشية الرقية، السائل الناتج بعد المرور عبر الغشاء الرقي. (DIN EN 12255-14:2004)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105356"},{"id":105357,"arabic":"ضغط التربة المسموح به","english":"permissible soil pressure","french":"pression du sol, autorisée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105357"},{"id":105358,"arabic":"رقم (ال...) الهيدروجينيّ لماء التربة","english":"pF value (of soil water)","french":"valeur pH [f.]","description":"الوغاريثم العشري لإجهاد التربة أو إجهاد السحب، حيث يُعبّر عن الرقم الهيدروجينيّ لماء التربة بلوغاريثم عشري بوحدة هكتوباسكال (lg hPa).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105358"},{"id":105359,"arabic":"تغيُّر الطور","english":"phase change","french":"transition de phase [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105359"},{"id":105360,"arabic":"تَنَاضُح عكسيّ فولتوضوئيّ","english":"photovoltaic reverse osmosis (PV-RO)","french":"osmose inverse, photovoltaïque [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105360"},{"id":105361,"arabic":"أدنى منسوب لسطح المياه الجوفية","english":"phreatic low / lowest stage of the water table","french":"niveau minimum de la nappe phréatique[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105361"},{"id":105362,"arabic":"حصيلة مُحتملة من المياه الجوفية","english":"physical yield limit / potential yield","french":"quantité de prise d’eau souterraine potentielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105362"},{"id":105363,"arabic":"مسافة بين خطي كفاءة مُتعادلة (خطي تساوي في مقدار الطاقة الكهربائية)","english":"piestic interval","french":"intervalle hydrohypsométrique [m.]","description":"فارق الضغط: الفارق في درجة الضغط الساكنة بين خطي كفاءة مُتعادلة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK)1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105363"},{"id":105364,"arabic":"سَطْح بيزومتريّ للمياه الأرضية","english":"piezometric surface of ground water","french":"surface de pression du gîte aquifère [f.]","description":"المنطقة الجيومترية لنقاط النهاية الخاصة بكافة المستويات البيزومترية لسطح المياه الجوفية. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105364"},{"id":105365,"arabic":"إحداث فجوة أنبوبية","english":"piping","french":"formation de drains [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105365"},{"id":105366,"arabic":"فَجْوة أُنبوبية محلية","english":"piping, local","french":"formation de drains locale [f.]","description":"مُستجمع يتم تصريف المياه منه في البحر، عن طريق نهر وجميع روافده من المنبع إلى المصب، سواء من فوق الأرض أو تحت الأرض (منطقة النهر). ويدخل ضمنه أيضاً كل الأنهار الفرعية أو الأحواض الجانبية، وما إلى ذلك. ولا يكون هناك في الغالب تطابق تام بين المُستجمع فوق الأرضي وحتى منطقة التحويل والُمستجمع تحت الأرضي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105366"},{"id":105367,"arabic":"إحداث فجوة أنبوبية ميكانيكية","english":"piping, mechanical","french":"formation de drains mécanique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105367"},{"id":105368,"arabic":"مياه البئر","english":"pit water","french":"eau souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105368"},{"id":105369,"arabic":"مُنشَأَة تحلية مياه البحر","english":"plant, desalting","french":"installation de dessalement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105369"},{"id":105370,"arabic":"مَحَطَّة تحلية مياه البحر","english":"plant, seawater desalination","french":"installation de dessalement d’eau de mer [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105370"},{"id":105371,"arabic":"أدني هطول مطري محتمل","english":"pluvial index","french":"précipitation, minimale vraisemblable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105371"},{"id":105372,"arabic":"بودزول","english":"podsol / podzol","french":"podzol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105372"},{"id":105373,"arabic":"قياس نُقطيّ","english":"point measurement","french":"mesure ponctuelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105373"},{"id":105374,"arabic":"مُلوِّث","english":"pollutant","french":"polluant [m.]; agent de pollution [m.]","description":"أي مادة يُمكن أن تُسبب التلوث والاتساخ. (لوائح الاتحاد الأوربيّ لسياسة المياه 2000 - تُعرف في اللغة الألمانية بالاختصار 2000 EG-WRRL، وباللغة الانجليزية: Directive 2000/60/EC)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105374"},{"id":105375,"arabic":"تَلَوُّث","english":"pollution","french":"pollution [f.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، هي متوسط طول مجاري الصرف الطبيعية أو الصناعية لكل وحدة مساحة من المنطقة المعنية، وذلك في حالة التصريف السطحيّ للمياه. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105375"},{"id":105376,"arabic":"ثُنائيّ الفينيل متعدد الكَلْوَرَة","english":"polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) (pl.)","french":"polychlorés biphényls (PCB) (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105376"},{"id":105377,"arabic":"بوليمر أسيتات السليولوز","english":"polymer, cellulose acetate","french":"polymère, acétocellulose [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105377"},{"id":105378,"arabic":"تَبْرِيك","english":"ponding","french":"engorgement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105378"},{"id":105379,"arabic":"إركاد المياه","english":"ponding","french":"retenue d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105379"},{"id":105380,"arabic":"اِنْسِدَاد","english":"ponding / clogging","french":"engorgement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105380"},{"id":105381,"arabic":"تسرّب من حوض ومجرى مائي","english":"pond-leakage","french":"fuites d’étang et de cours d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105381"},{"id":105382,"arabic":"كَثافة سُكّانية","english":"population density","french":"densité de population [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105382"},{"id":105383,"arabic":"ضَغْط مَسَامّيّ","english":"pore pressure","french":"pression interstitielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105383"},{"id":105384,"arabic":"فَراغ بَيْنيّ","english":"pore space / total porosity","french":"porosité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105384"},{"id":105385,"arabic":"فَراغ بينيّ شعريّ","english":"pore space, capillary","french":"porosité, capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105385"},{"id":105386,"arabic":"حجم مسامي فعَّال","english":"pore volume, effective / porosity, effective","french":"porosité effective","description":"النسبة بين حجم الماء الناتج من مادة مسامية سبق تشبُّعها بالماء - في ظروف هيدرولية مُعينة - وبين الحجم الكليّ للمادة. (انظر: [مسامية مؤثرة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105393)، مسامية فعالة) الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105386"},{"id":105387,"arabic":"مياه المسام","english":"pore water / water, connate / water, interstitial","french":"eau interstitielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105387"},{"id":105388,"arabic":"جُهد المياه المسامية","english":"pore water potential","french":"potentiel de l'eau interstitielle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105388"},{"id":105389,"arabic":"ضَغْط المياه المسامية","english":"pore water pressure / pore pressure","french":"pression de l'eau interstitielle [f.]","description":"ضغط الماء المؤثر في المسام الموجودة بالتربة أو أجسام البنايات. وحدة القياس: نيوتن/م2. مُلاحظة: يُقاس عادة ضغط المياه المسامية بمقياس التوتر السطحيّ. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105389"},{"id":105390,"arabic":"مَسامّية (نسبة حجم المسامات)","english":"porosity","french":"porosité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105390"},{"id":105391,"arabic":"مسامّية شَعَرية","english":"porosity, capillary","french":"porosité, capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105391"},{"id":105392,"arabic":"مسامية فعالة","english":"porosity, effective","french":"contingent de pores, actif [m.]","description":"حجم المسامات القابلة لتصريف المياه منها في وسيط مسامي. (انظر: فَراغ (ال...) البيني الفعّال)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105392"},{"id":105393,"arabic":"مسامية مؤثرة","english":"porosity, effective","french":"porosité (volume des vides) utilisable [f.]","description":"(انظر: فَراغ (ال...) البيني الفعّال)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105393"},{"id":105394,"arabic":"مَسَامِّية غير شَّعَرِية","english":"porosity, non-capillary","french":"porosité, non capillaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105394"},{"id":105395,"arabic":"مساميّة إجمالية","english":"porosity, total","french":"porosité, globale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105395"},{"id":105396,"arabic":"طَبقة حاجِزة مُوجَبة","english":"positive confining bed","french":"couche encaissante positive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105396"},{"id":105397,"arabic":"مُقطِّع لاحق","english":"post-shredder; re-shredder","french":"broyeur secondaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105397"},{"id":105398,"arabic":"عِلم الأنهار","english":"potamology","french":"potamologie [f.]","description":"وحدة من وحدات التصنيف في نظام التصنيف التدرجيّ الرتبيّ لأنواع التربة، والذي يتكون من الجمع المكاني لأنواع التربة وكذلك تجميع أشكال التربة وفقاً لمُحتواها. الاختصار: BFG. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105398"},{"id":105399,"arabic":"سَرَيان مُحتَمَل","english":"potential flow","french":"écoulement potentiel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105399"},{"id":105400,"arabic":"جُهد هِيْدروليّ","english":"potential, hydraulic","french":"potentiel hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105400"},{"id":105401,"arabic":"جُهْد أُزموزيّ","english":"potential, osmotic","french":"potentiel osmotique [m.]","description":"كفاية التربة بوصفها جزءاً من الأنظمة الأيكولوجية الخاصة بالإنسان والبيئة وفقاً لخواصها، مثال ذلك: وظيفة المجال الحيويّ للتربة/ وظيفتها الإنتاجية/ الوظيفة الاستغلالية/ وظيفة التحوّل/ الترشيح/ وظيفتها كمّلطف للحركة، وكعنصر 'يوثّق' التاريخ الجيولوجي. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105401"},{"id":105402,"arabic":"جُهْد بنيوماتيّ","english":"potential, pneumatic","french":"potentiel pneumatique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105402"},{"id":105403,"arabic":"مُرَسِّب","english":"precipitant / coagulant / flocculant","french":"agent de précipitation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105403"},{"id":105404,"arabic":"هُطُول","english":"precipitation (e.g. rainfall)","french":"précipitation (par ex. pluie) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105404"},{"id":105405,"arabic":"مِنطقة هُطول الأمطار","english":"precipitation area / catchment area / drainage basin","french":"impluvium (bassin hydrographique) [m.] / bassin versant [m.]","description":"منطقة مُعينة حدثت بها هطولات أمطار، مُقاسة في المسقط الأفقي. رمز المُعادلات: AN\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105405"},{"id":105406,"arabic":"خريطة هُطول الأمطار","english":"precipitation map","french":"carte des précipitations [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105406"},{"id":105407,"arabic":"هُطول سابِق","english":"precipitation, antecedent","french":"précipitation, antérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105407"},{"id":105408,"arabic":"هُطولات جوية","english":"precipitation, atmospheric","french":"précipitation, atmosphérique [f.]","description":"المياه المُتساقطة من الغلاف الجوي، وقد تكون على شكل مطر أو ثلج أو بَرَد (هطولات مُتساقطة)، أو ضباب أو صقيع متبلور (هطولات هابة)، أو ندى أو صقيع (هطولات مُترسّبة). (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105408"},{"id":105409,"arabic":"تساقط فعّال","english":"precipitation, effective","french":"précipitation, utilisable [f.]","description":"تساقط مياه الأمطار الذي يكفي لتغطية الاحتياجات النباتية. ويُستعمل الرمز: hNn كإشارة إلى درجة الهطولات. رمز المُعادلات: Nn. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105409"},{"id":105410,"arabic":"مُعَّدل الهُطُول السنويّ","english":"precipitation, mean annual","french":"précipitation, annuelle moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105410"},{"id":105411,"arabic":"إجماليّ الهطولات السنوية","english":"precipitation, total annual","french":"hauteur de précipitation, annuelle [f.]","description":"مجموع الهطولات في سنة واحدة. رمز المُعادلات: Na\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105411"},{"id":105412,"arabic":"نَمْذَجة تساقُط الأمطار والجريان السطحيّ","english":"precipitation-runoff modelling","french":"modèle précipitation-écoulement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105412"},{"id":105413,"arabic":"ارتفاع شَعَرِيّ","english":"pressure head, capillary / rise, capillary / lift, capillary","french":"montée capillaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105413"},{"id":105414,"arabic":"ضَغْط الماء الأُرتوازيّ","english":"pressure, artesian","french":"pression, artésienne [f.]","description":"ضغط الماء الإرتوازي. 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(DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105417"},{"id":105418,"arabic":"طبقة الدهان الأوليّ","english":"priming coat (paint)","french":"première couche [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105418"},{"id":105419,"arabic":"فواقِد الإعداد","english":"priming loss","french":"perte initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105419"},{"id":105420,"arabic":"أمطار هامشية","english":"priming rain","french":"pluie non effective [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105420"},{"id":105421,"arabic":"مُسطحات مائية خاصة","english":"private waterways","french":"cours d'eau privés [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105421"},{"id":105422,"arabic":"معالجة المياه المرتشحة في مقلب القمامة","english":"processing of dump leakage water","french":"traitement des eaux de drainage des décharges [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105422"},{"id":105423,"arabic":"مياه مُعَالَجَة وجَاهِزَة للاستخدام","english":"product water","french":"eau, traitée et fournie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105423"},{"id":105424,"arabic":"إنتاج أوَّليّ","english":"production, primary","french":"production primaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105424"},{"id":105425,"arabic":"مَقطَع جانبيّ لسطح الماء الجوفيّ","english":"profile of water table","french":"profil du niveau d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105425"},{"id":105426,"arabic":"دَرَجِة الميل الهيدروليّ","english":"profile, hydraulic","french":"profil hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105426"},{"id":105427,"arabic":"مَشْروع مُشترك","english":"project, joint","french":"projet conjoint [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105427"},{"id":105428,"arabic":"استغلال المياه الجوفية في صالِح الفقراء","english":"pro-poor groundwater use","french":"utilisation des eaux souterraines en faveur des pauvres [f.]","description":"تهدف الاستفادة من المياه الجوفية في صالح الفقراء إلى تجنّب التوزيع والاستغلال غير المُتكافئ للمياه الجوفية، وكذلك القضاء على الفقر المُدقع، والجوع (أهداف الأمم المتحدة الإنمائية للألفية، الهدف رقم 1).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105428"},{"id":105429,"arabic":"غِطاء واقٍ","english":"protective covering","french":"enveloppe de protection [f.]","description":"في مجال أعمال تحسين وصيانة المجاري المائية، العتبة البارزة فوق القاع، والتي تُستخدم كذلك في رفع منسوب المياه المُنخفضة. 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(انظر: [مِنطقة المستجمع](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104833)).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105435"},{"id":105436,"arabic":"مُراقَبة الجودة","english":"quality control","french":"maîtrise de la qualité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105436"},{"id":105437,"arabic":"نِظام التحكُّم في الجودة","english":"quality control system","french":"système de maîtrise de la qualité [m.]","description":"التكوين المكاني للمجرى المائي الذي يمكن ملاحظته على اليابسة. ومن عناصر هذا التكوين: النباتات التي تنمو على الضفاف، وتشكيل قاع المجرى المائي، والفروق في نسبة التدفق، وكذلك مسار أو تدرّج سرير المجرى المائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105437"},{"id":105438,"arabic":"إدارة الجودة","english":"quality management","french":"gestion de la qualité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105438"},{"id":105439,"arabic":"تخطيط الجودة","english":"quality planning","french":"planification de la qualité [f.]","description":"مجرى مائي جفّ أكثر من 80% من متوسط تدفقه الطبيعي بفعل زيادة سحب المياه منه بشكل كبير.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105439"},{"id":105440,"arabic":"بَوّابات نصف قُطرية للأهوسة","english":"radial lock gates","french":"vanne-segment [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105440"},{"id":105441,"arabic":"نِصف قُطر هبوط منسوب المياه (هيدرولوجياً)","english":"radius of influence is more common","french":"rayon d'influence [m.] /rayon d’influence effectif[m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105441"},{"id":105442,"arabic":"نِصف القُطر الهيدروليّ المكافئ","english":"radius, equi-hydraulic","french":"rayon hydraulique uniforme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105442"},{"id":105443,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط العُمق الهيدروليّ","english":"radius, hydraulic; depth, hydraulic mean","french":"profondeur, hydraulique, moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105443"},{"id":105444,"arabic":"مِقياس تسجيل المطر","english":"rain recorder / rain recording gauge / hyetograph","french":"pluviomètre enregistreur [m.]","description":"مقياس للمطر، يسجل ذاتياً (بشكل بياني عادةً) تراكم كميات المطر مقابل الزمن. (انظر: [مقياس مطر ذاتي التسجيل](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105522)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105444"},{"id":105445,"arabic":"مِنطقَة تساقُط الأمطار","english":"rainfall area","french":"aire de pluie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105445"},{"id":105446,"arabic":"ترشُّح الأمطار","english":"rainfall infiltration","french":"infiltration de pluie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105446"},{"id":105447,"arabic":"تَكرار حدوث كثافة مُعينة للأمطار","english":"rainfall intensity frequency; rainfall recurrence interval","french":"fréquence d’une intensité de pluie donnée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105447"},{"id":105448,"arabic":"تَخلُّل الأمطار","english":"rainfall penetration","french":"profondeur de pénétration de l’eau pluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105448"},{"id":105449,"arabic":"هُطول بادئ أوليّ","english":"rainfall, initial","french":"pluie initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105449"},{"id":105450,"arabic":"زراعة مطرية","english":"rain-fed agriculture","french":"agriculture pluviale","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105450"},{"id":105451,"arabic":"مَحطّة قِياس هُطول المطر","english":"rain-gauge station","french":"station de mesure des précipitations [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105451"},{"id":105452,"arabic":"جرف المطر","english":"rain-wash","french":"érosion pluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105452"},{"id":105453,"arabic":"مياه الأمطار","english":"rainwater / surface water / precipitation water","french":"eau de pluie [f.] / eaux de surface (pl.)","description":"هطولات الأمطار التي لا تتخلّل التربة، بل تُحَوَّل من سطح الأرض أو من الأسطح الخارجية للمباني إلى شبكات الصرف. 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(انظر: [مدد نهريّ تراكميّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105662))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105455"},{"id":105456,"arabic":"نِسبة فَواقِد الاستهلاك المطلق للمياه إلى التبخر","english":"ratio of consumptive use of water to evaporation","french":"rapport consommation d’eau et évaporation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105456"},{"id":105457,"arabic":"مَسِيل","english":"ravine (geol.)","french":"gorge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105457"},{"id":105458,"arabic":"ماء التغذية","english":"raw solution","french":"solution brute [f.]","description":"(انظر: مياه التغذية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105458"},{"id":105459,"arabic":"دليل مراقبة المياه الخام","english":"raw water surveillance directive","french":"directive de surveillance d'eau brute [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105459"},{"id":105460,"arabic":"مَصرَف","english":"receiving channel / receiving stream","french":"milieu récepteur","description":"أي مجرى مائي يتم تحويل أو صرف مياه الصرف الصحي أو مياهٍ أخرى إليه. 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(انظر: [مِقياس تسجيل المطر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105444)). (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105522"},{"id":105523,"arabic":"مؤسسة شبه حكومية للمياه","english":"semi-governmental water institution","french":"institution para-publique (de gestion) de l'eau","description":"مؤسسة تتكون من ممثلين عن مصالح حكومية ومنظمات غير حكومية، تنشأ بغرض ضمان الاستقلال المالي لمرافق المياه، والمرونة في تشغيلها، بحد أدنى من تدخل السلطة السياسية في العمليات اليومية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105523"},{"id":105524,"arabic":"طبقة حسّاسة حاملة للمياه","english":"sensitive aquifer","french":"ressource aquifère fragile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105524"},{"id":105525,"arabic":"وَسَط الفَصْل","english":"separation medium","french":"fluide de séparation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105525"},{"id":105526,"arabic":"فَصْل حراريّ","english":"separation, thermal","french":"séparation thermique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105526"},{"id":105527,"arabic":"خَزّان تعفُّن نافِذ","english":"septic tank","french":"fosse septique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105527"},{"id":105528,"arabic":"تحكُّم في القيم الثابتة","english":"set value control / set-point control, fixed","french":"réglage de valeur fixe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105528"},{"id":105529,"arabic":"مَحطة استقبال البِراز","english":"sewage acceptance station","french":"stations de remise d'excréments [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105529"},{"id":105530,"arabic":"تعدين قناة الصرف","english":"sewer mining","french":"exploitation d'égouts [f.]","description":"طريقة يُجرى فيها إخراج جزء من المياه من نظام صرف صحي قبل محطة المُعالجة أو بعدها. و يُُعالج هذا الجزء لاستخدامه كمياه مُعادة التدوير في ريّ المساحات الخضراء والملاعب الرياضية إلخ. والهدف من ذلك هو تقليل استخدام مياه الشرب عن طريق استخدام مياه الصرف المُعالجة بدلاً منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105530"},{"id":105531,"arabic":"شَبَكة صرف","english":"sewerage system / drainage system","french":"installation de drainage [f.] / système d'évacuation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105531"},{"id":105532,"arabic":"شكل هيدرولي","english":"shape, hydraulic","french":"profil hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105532"},{"id":105533,"arabic":"انهيار القص","english":"shear failure; failure by rupture","french":"défaillance due à la rupture [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105533"},{"id":105534,"arabic":"طمي","english":"silt","french":"silt; limon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105534"},{"id":105535,"arabic":"مُؤشر كثافة الطمي","english":"silt density index (SDI)","french":"indice de blocage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105535"},{"id":105536,"arabic":"تكنولوجيا المحاكاة الهيدرولوجية","english":"simulation technology, hydrological","french":"technique de simulation hydrologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105536"},{"id":105537,"arabic":"بئر مجمعة","english":"sink","french":"excavation naturelle","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105537"},{"id":105538,"arabic":"خرطوم السيفون","english":"siphon barrel","french":"gaine de siphon","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105538"},{"id":105539,"arabic":"برميل السحّارة","english":"siphon barrel; siphon duct","french":"gaine de siphon","description":"تدفق دوراني بالقرب من السطح، يكون محوره رأسياً، ومعارضاً للاتجاه العام للجريان. وهذا التدفق يُمكن مُلاحظته عند حدوث ما يُسمى بالقفزة الهيدروليكية. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105539"},{"id":105540,"arabic":"سَدٌّ سيفوني","english":"siphon weir","french":"barrage à siphon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105540"},{"id":105541,"arabic":"تحليل هيدروليّ للحالة","english":"situation analysis, hydraulic","french":"analyse de situation hydraulique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105541"},{"id":105542,"arabic":"تحليل هيدروكيميائيّ للحالة","english":"situation analysis, hydrochemical","french":"analyse de situation hydrochimique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105542"},{"id":105543,"arabic":"تحليل الحالة من حيث الإدارة المائية","english":"situation analysis, water management","french":"analyse de situation au niveau de la gestion de l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105543"},{"id":105544,"arabic":"حجم فعّال للحبّة","english":"size of grain, effective","french":"granulométrie effective [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105544"},{"id":105545,"arabic":"حامضية التربة","english":"soil acidification","french":"acidification du sol [f.]","description":"فقدان التربة لمقدرتها على مُعادلة الأحماض، وذلك نتيجةً للنمو المُتزايد للكاتيونات القاعدية والكربونات. (انظر: تَحَمُّض التربة) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105545"},{"id":105546,"arabic":"تَحَمُّض التربة","english":"soil acidification","french":"acidification du sol [f.]","description":"فقدان التربة لمقدرتها على مُعادلة الأحماض، وذلك نتيجةً للنمو المُتزايد للكاتيونات القاعدية والكربونات. (انظر: تحميض التربة) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105546"},{"id":105547,"arabic":"صِنف التربة","english":"soil character / soil class / soil nature / soil type / soil texture","french":"nature du sol [f.]","description":"تصنيف وتمييز المواد المعدنية الموجودة في التربة تبعاً للتركيبة الحجمية لحبيباتها. (انظر: قوام التربة) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105547"},{"id":105548,"arabic":"لون التربة","english":"soil colour","french":"couleur du sol [f.]","description":"الانطباع البصريّ للون التربة، والذي يمكن التعرّف عليه في ضوء النهار. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105548"},{"id":105549,"arabic":"خواصّ التربة","english":"soil condition / soil property","french":"propriété du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105549"},{"id":105550,"arabic":"تلوث التربة","english":"soil contamination","french":"contamination du sol [f.]","description":"تراكم المواد الضارة العضوية وغير العضوية في التربة. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105550"},{"id":105551,"arabic":"تردّي مواصفات التربة","english":"soil damage","french":"détérioration du sol [f.] / dégradation du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105551"},{"id":105552,"arabic":"تنقية التربة","english":"soil decontamination","french":"réhabilitation du sol[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105552"},{"id":105553,"arabic":"تدهّور التربة","english":"soil degradation","french":"dégradation du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105553"},{"id":105554,"arabic":"تطوّر التربة","english":"soil development","french":"développement du sol [m.]","description":"التتابع الزمنيّ لنشوء وتطور التربة. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105554"},{"id":105555,"arabic":"عناية (ال...) بخصوبة التربة","english":"soil fertility management","french":"gestion de la fertilité des sols [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105555"},{"id":105556,"arabic":"هيئة التربة","english":"soil form","french":"forme du sol [f.]","description":"أصغر وحدة من وحدات التربة عند رسم خرائط لها تضم ظروف نُشوئها وتكوّنها، ويتم تمييزها من خلال مزيج من نمط التربة ونوعها والمادة الأساسية المكوّنة لها (مادة الأساس). يُرمز له بالاختصار: BF. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105556"},{"id":105557,"arabic":"وظيفة التربة","english":"soil function","french":"fonction du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105557"},{"id":105558,"arabic":"قطاع ترابيّ","english":"soil horizon","french":"horizon [m.]","description":"الجزء من القطاع الأرضيّ (بروفيل التربة) الذي ينشأ بفعل العمليات المكوّنة للتربة، ويكون له نفس الخصائص تقريباً، كما أنه يكاد يكون موازياً للسطح العلويّ للتربة (سطح الأرض). (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105558"},{"id":105559,"arabic":"مادة التربة","english":"soil material","french":"matériau de sol [m.]","description":"المادة الأساسية في التربة وصخورها الأصلية، وهي تشمل كذلك الطبقة العليا من الأرض التي يتم حفرها أو إزاحتها أو نقلها عند البناء عليها. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105559"},{"id":105560,"arabic":"مصفوفة التربة","english":"soil matrix","french":"matrice de sol [f.]","description":"المكوّنات الصلبة المُتماسكة للتربة، والتي لا توجد بها فراغات بَيْنيَّة. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105560"},{"id":105561,"arabic":"مِيكَانِيكَا التربة","english":"soil mechanics","french":"mécanique des sols [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105561"},{"id":105562,"arabic":"حفاظ (ال...) على رطوبة التربة","english":"soil moisture, unavailable","french":"humidité du sol, non utilisable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105562"},{"id":105563,"arabic":"جهد التربة","english":"soil potential","french":"potentiel de sol [m.]","description":"إنتاجية التربة المُرتبطة بوظائفها. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105563"},{"id":105564,"arabic":"ضَغْط التربة","english":"soil pressure","french":"pression du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105564"},{"id":105565,"arabic":"حُفرة في القطاع الجانبيّ للتربة","english":"soil profile pit","french":"désagrégation du sol [f.]","description":"مقطع في التربة الطبيعية أو الاصطناعية يمكن من خلاله مشاهدة بروفيل التربة. (انظر: [حفرة بروفيل التربة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105566)) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105565"},{"id":105566,"arabic":"حفرة بروفيل التربة","english":"soil profile pit","french":"désagrégation du sol [f.]","description":"مقطع طبيعي أو اصطناعي في التربة، يكون فيه بروفيل التربة مرئياً. (انظر: [حُفرة في القطاع الجانبيّ للتربة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105565)). (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105566"},{"id":105567,"arabic":"نوعية التربة","english":"soil quality","french":"qualité du sol [f.]","description":"إجماليّ الخواص الآنية السلبية والإيجابية للتربة في ضوء استخدامتها ووظيفتها. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105567"},{"id":105568,"arabic":"تَفاعُل التربة","english":"soil reaction","french":"réaction du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105568"},{"id":105569,"arabic":"استصلاح التربة","english":"soil reconstitution","french":"reconstitution de sol [f.]","description":"تحسين أو إعادة إنعاش وظائف التربة الطبيعية في الأراضي المُتضررة، وذلك عن طريق إضافة الطين والمواد المُشِّكلة للدبال إليها. (انظر: الاستصلاح الأراضي) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105569"},{"id":105570,"arabic":"منطقة التربة","english":"soil region","french":"région de sol [f.]","description":"وحدة من وحدات التصنيف في نظام التصنيف التدرجيّ الرتبيّ لأنواع التربة، والتي تتكوّن من التجمّع المكاني وتراكم محتوى طبقات التربة. الاختصار: BR. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105570"},{"id":105571,"arabic":"استصلاح التربة","english":"soil restoration","french":"réhabilitation du sol [f.]; restauration du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105571"},{"id":105572,"arabic":"عينة التربة","english":"soil sample","french":"échantillon de sol [m.]","description":"مادة التربة المستخدمة في الأبحاث الكيميائية والفيزيائية والجرثومية (الميكروبيولوجية). (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105572"},{"id":105573,"arabic":"مفصولات التربة","english":"soil separates","french":"granulométrie du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105573"},{"id":105574,"arabic":"فئة التربة","english":"soil series / soil class","french":"classe de sol [f.]","description":"الفئة الأساسية في نظام تصنيف التربة. وتشمل مرحلة تطور بعينها للتربة، ويكون لها نفس الترتيب الطبقيّ أو ترتيب مُشابه. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105574"},{"id":105575,"arabic":"هُبوط التربة","english":"soil settling","french":"tassement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105575"},{"id":105576,"arabic":"تدعيم التربة","english":"soil stabilisation","french":"consolidation du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105576"},{"id":105577,"arabic":"جَرْد التربة","english":"soil stock-taking","french":"inventaire de sol [m.]","description":"تجميع شامل لبيانات التربة والمسح الأرضيّ بواسطة رسم خرائط التربة، وإدخال هذه البيانات في بنوك بيانات التربة، وإجراء التقييم الموضوعيّ لها. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105577"},{"id":105578,"arabic":"بنية التربة","english":"soil structure","french":"texture du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105578"},{"id":105579,"arabic":"تكوين التربة","english":"soil structure","french":"structure du sol [f.]","description":"الترتيب المكاني الذي يمكن التعرّف عليه في الأرض الخاص بالمكونات المتماسكة للتربة (تجمع جزيئيّ) بما في ذلك التجاويف التي تحتوي عليها هذه الجُسيمات. (انظر: بنية التربة) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105579"},{"id":105580,"arabic":"وحدة التربة","english":"soil unit","french":"unité de sol [f.]","description":"الجمع المكاني لنوعيات التربة التي تكون في الغالب مُتماثلة أو مُتشابهة. وتُسمى وحدة التربة حسب التربة الأساسية. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105580"},{"id":105581,"arabic":"مياه التربة","english":"soil water","french":"eau du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105581"},{"id":105582,"arabic":"مُحتوى مائي للتربة","english":"soil water budget","french":"budget de l'eau de sol [m.]","description":"مصطلح يُقصد به التغيّر الوقتيّ لمُحتوى المياه في التربة، ويكون هذا التغيّر مُرتبطاً بعمليات امتصاص التربة للمياه (مثل هطول الأمطار، والريّ)، وتخزينها للمياه (مثل المياه الجوفية)، وفقدانها للمياه (مثل النتح والتبخر). ويُعد كل ما سبق مُتغيرات ضرورية لاستخدامات مختلفة، مثل الأنشطة المُتعلقة بالمياه كالإمداد بمياه الشرب، ومياه الأغراض الصناعية، أو التخطيط للأراضي المُزمع استغلالها في الأغراض الزراعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105582"},{"id":105583,"arabic":"ضغط مياه التربة","english":"soil water pressure","french":"pression d’eau du sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105583"},{"id":105584,"arabic":"مقدرة التربة على الاحتفاظ بالمياه","english":"soil water retention characteristic","french":"caractéristique de rétention de l'eau du sol [f.]","description":"العلاقة بين نسبة المياه في التربة وبين درجة مصفوفة التربة الخاصة بعينة تربة مُحددة. وحدة القياس، رمز المُعادلات: m\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105584"},{"id":105585,"arabic":"نطاق التربة","english":"soil zone","french":"zone de sol [f.]","description":"وحدة التربة المُحددة وفقاً للظروف المُناخية بوجهٍ عام. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105585"},{"id":105586,"arabic":"تُربة ضارّة","english":"soil, aggressive","french":"sol agressif [m.]","description":"تربة لها تأثير يؤدي إلى التآكل أو إلى حدوث تأثيرات ضارة آخرى على أجزاء من شبكة الأنابيب، وعلى ذلك فإنها تتطلب عناية خاصة فيما يتعلق بإجراءات الحماية. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105586"},{"id":105587,"arabic":"تُربة قَلَوية","english":"soil, alkali","french":"sol, alcalin [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105587"},{"id":105588,"arabic":"تُربة متماسِكة","english":"soil, coherent","french":"terrain, cohérant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105588"},{"id":105589,"arabic":"تُربة مُلوَّثة","english":"soil, contaminated","french":"sol contaminé [m.]","description":"تربة تغيّرت نتيجة تعرّضها للاستخدام بشدة أو الرشح المُباشر أو غير المُباشر بسبب مواد كيميائية أو مواد أخرى، بحيث تتطلب عمليات مُعالجة وتنقية خاصة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105589"},{"id":105590,"arabic":"تُربة مُشبَّعة","english":"soil, saturated","french":"sol, imbibé d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105590"},{"id":105591,"arabic":"تُربة غير مُشبَّعة","english":"soil, unsaturated","french":"sol, non saturé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105591"},{"id":105592,"arabic":"مُقَطِّر شمسيّ","english":"solar still, greenhouse","french":"appareil de distillation solaire en serre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105592"},{"id":105593,"arabic":"سنادات متباعدة لقنوات الإمداد","english":"spacer, feed channel","french":"espacement de canal d’amenée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105593"},{"id":105594,"arabic":"سنادات متباعدة لقناة رشح","english":"spacer, permeate channel","french":"entretoise de canal à perméat [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105594"},{"id":105595,"arabic":"هيئة خاصة لتنمية المياه","english":"special water development agency","french":"organisme spécial d'exploitation de l'eau","description":"هيئة تنشأ لتولي شؤون تنمية الأراضي وموارد المياه وغيرها من الموارد الطبيعية. وتكون حكومية أو شبه حكومية، وتتمتع عامة باستقلالية واسعة. وتُعنى باستخدام المياه لغرض أو لأغراض معينة في منطقة معينة أو في حوض رئيسي أو حوض فرعي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105595"},{"id":105596,"arabic":"قراءة مقياس مناسيب معينة","english":"specific gauge reading","french":"relevé de niveau spécifique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105596"},{"id":105597,"arabic":"إحتياطي خاصّ","english":"specific reserve","french":"réserve spécifique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105597"},{"id":105598,"arabic":"احتفاظ نوعيّ","english":"specific retention","french":"retenue spécifique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105598"},{"id":105599,"arabic":"تصريف نوعيّ للمياه الجوفية","english":"specific yield","french":"rendement d’eau souterraine spécifique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105599"},{"id":105600,"arabic":"ناتِج الحفر","english":"spoil","french":"déblais [m.]","description":"التربة التي تتفكك أو تتقَلْقَل في أثناء أعمال البناء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105600"},{"id":105601,"arabic":"مواد حَفْرالتربة","english":"spoil / excavation / excavated soil material","french":"excavation du sol [f.]","description":"مواد التربة التي تنشأ من عمليات الصيانة وإعادة البناء والتوسّع في أعمال الحفر. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105601"},{"id":105602,"arabic":"مرحلة","english":"stage","french":"degré [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105602"},{"id":105603,"arabic":"مخطط ماء الطور","english":"stage hydrograph","french":"courbe de niveau d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105603"},{"id":105604,"arabic":"أنبوب قائم","english":"stand pipe / pipe riser / hydrant","french":"tuyau à vidange [m.] / tuyau vertical [m.] / tuyau d'embranchement [m.]","description":"(انظر: [أُنْبوب صاعد](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107882))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105604"},{"id":105605,"arabic":"منسوب قياسي لمياه البحر","english":"standard (mean) seawater (SMSW)","french":"eau de mer standard [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105605"},{"id":105606,"arabic":"منحنى معياريّ للرشح","english":"standard infiltration curve","french":"courbe d’infiltration standard [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105606"},{"id":105607,"arabic":"‌مَجْرى مائيّ معياريّ","english":"standard waterway, theoretical waterway / normal waterway","french":"profil d’écoulement normal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105607"},{"id":105608,"arabic":"مَنْسُوب ساكن","english":"standing level","french":"niveau hydrostatique [m.]","description":"منسوب الماء عند نقطة مُعينة في الطبقة الحاملة للمياه الجوفية. وهو المنسوب الذي يمر برأس عمود الماء، الذي يُمكن أن يدعمه ضغط الماء الهيدروستاتيّ عند تلك النقطة. وعندما يُطبّق استخدام هذا المُصطلح على الآبار بوجه خاص فإنه يدل على منسوب الماء في بئر بدون ضخ يقع خارج دائرة تأثير أي بئر أخرى تُضَخ منها المياه. (انظر: [منسوب هيدروستاتيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105246)) الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105608"},{"id":105609,"arabic":"دورة التخزين","english":"storage cycle","french":"cycle de stockage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105609"},{"id":105610,"arabic":"إضافة للمخزون","english":"storage increment (reservoir)","french":"augmentation du réservoir [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105610"},{"id":105611,"arabic":"مقياس مجمع للمطر","english":"storage rain gauge","french":"collecteur de précipitation (totalisateur) [m.] / pluviomètre totalisateur [m.]","description":"نوع من مقاييس المطر يجمع الهطولات ويخزنها. (انظر: [مِقْياس مجمع (للمطر مثلاً)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108218)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105611"},{"id":105612,"arabic":"تخزين بالقرب من الضفة","english":"storage, bankside","french":"stockage sur berge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105612"},{"id":105613,"arabic":"تَسرُّب عاصِفيّ","english":"storm seepage","french":"infiltration d’averses [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105613"},{"id":105614,"arabic":"تجميع مياه الأمطار","english":"storm water collection system","french":"collecte des eaux pluviales [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105614"},{"id":105615,"arabic":"شراكة استراتيجية في مجالات المياه","english":"Strategic Partnership for Water","french":"partenariat stratégique pour l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105615"},{"id":105616,"arabic":"معامل تنمية المجرى المائيّ","english":"stream development factor","french":"indice d’aménagement de rivière [m.]","description":"نسبة التدفق المُقرر إلى متوسط تدفق المياه في السنة العادية (السنة ذات النسب المتوسطة المُعتادة). رمز المُعادلات: F\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105616"},{"id":105617,"arabic":"أُنبوب انسياب","english":"stream tube","french":"tuyau de courant [m.]","description":"أنابيب افتراضية، يتدفق عبرها خط تيار المياه، وتكون حدود هذه الأنابيب (سطحها المُحيط) من خطوط التيار. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105617"},{"id":105618,"arabic":"مَجْرى مائيّ تحت سطح الأرض","english":"stream, subterranean","french":"cours d’eau, souterrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105618"},{"id":105619,"arabic":"تَدفُّق انسيابي","english":"streamline flow","french":"courant de ligne hydrodynamique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105619"},{"id":105620,"arabic":"نموذج تدفق (شبكة التسرب)","english":"streamline model","french":"modèle de ligne de courant (réseau d’infiltration) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105620"},{"id":105621,"arabic":"دراسة منظمة الفاو حول الموارد المائية العالمية","english":"Study of the Law of International Water Resources","french":"Le régime [m.] juridique des ressources en eaux internationales","description":"جزء من الدراسة الحفزية الصادرة عام 1980 عن مُنظمة الأغذية والزراعة التابعة للأمم المتحدة (منظمة الأغذية والزراعة للأمم المُتحدة (UN-FAO)، الدراسة التشريعية رقم 23). وهذه الدراسة تهدف إلى إتاحة الفرصة لأعضاء منظمة الفاو لإلقاء نظرة عامة على الوثائق الأساسية التي لا تتوافر دائماً بسهولة. وتتناول هذه الوثائق المسائل القانونية المُتعلقة بالتعامل مع الموارد المائية على المستوى العالميّ. والدراسة في حّ ذاتها ليس لها أي صفة قانونية أو تشريعية، ولم يسن لها القوانين الدولية التي يُفترض أن تنبني عليها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105621"},{"id":105622,"arabic":"تربة تحتية","english":"subgrade; subsoil","french":"sous-sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105622"},{"id":105623,"arabic":"مصرف مدفون","english":"subsurface drain; drain","french":"drain [m.]","description":"حفرة اصطناعية مجوفة تحت الأرض أو خندق لتصريف المياه الزائدة في التربة. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105623"},{"id":105624,"arabic":"ارتفاع امتصاص الخط الجيوديسي","english":"suction head, geodetic","french":"hauteur d’aspiration géodésique [f.]","description":"الفارق بين منسوب المياه على جانب الشفط، ومُنتصف المقطع العرضيّ لدخول المياه في المضخة. رمز المُعادلات: S,geo\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105624"},{"id":105625,"arabic":"استراتيجية تحقيق الكفاية","english":"sufficiency strategy","french":"stratégie de suffisance [f.]","description":"مبدأ يقوم على أساس الاستغناء عن بعض جوانب مطلوبة، وذلك لتحقيق قدر كافٍ من الاكتفاء. واستراتيجية تحقيق الكفاية تشمل المفاهيم التالية: 1. فرض القيود الذاتية. 2. تغيير نمط الحياة. 3. تغيير البنية. وعموماً فإن هذه الاستراتيجية لا تزال موضع خلاف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105625"},{"id":105626,"arabic":"بَالُوعة الحمأة","english":"sump","french":"caisson à boue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105626"},{"id":105627,"arabic":"تدفق مُندفع","english":"supercritical flow","french":"régime torrentiel [m.]; déferlement des eaux [m.]","description":"تيار في مجرى مائيّ مفتوح، سُرعة تدفقه تزيد على السرعة الحرجة بعدد 'فرود' أكبر من واحد (> 1)، وفي هذا التيار لا تستطيع الاضطرابات السطحية القليلة أن تتحرّك في اتجاه التدفق. (DIN EN ISO 772:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105627"},{"id":105628,"arabic":"رصف الأسطح بشكل مُنفذ للمياه","english":"surface paving, water permeable","french":"pavage de la surface perméable à l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105628"},{"id":105629,"arabic":"انحدار سطح المياه","english":"surface slop","french":"pente de ligne d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105629"},{"id":105630,"arabic":"تخلص (ال...) من المياه السطحية","english":"surface water disposal","french":"évacuation des eaux superficielles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105630"},{"id":105631,"arabic":"إضافة أملاح للمسطحات المائية العذبة","english":"surface water salinization","french":"salinisation des eaux superficielles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105631"},{"id":105632,"arabic":"منظومة المياه السطحية","english":"surface water system","french":"système d’eaux superficielles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105632"},{"id":105633,"arabic":"سَطْح حرج","english":"surface, critical / circle, critical","french":"surface, critique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105633"},{"id":105634,"arabic":"تأثير (ال...) المتبادل بين المياة السطحية والجوفية","english":"surface-groundwater interaction","french":"interaction d'eaux superficielles et souterraines [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105634"},{"id":105635,"arabic":"موقع مشكوك فيه","english":"suspected site","french":"site suspect [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105635"},{"id":105636,"arabic":"تنمية الانتفاع المُستدام (بالمياه المُتاحة مثلاً)","english":"sustainability management","french":"gestion de durabilité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105636"},{"id":105637,"arabic":"جِهاز لتقطير الماء","english":"system for water distillation","french":"installation pour distillation de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105637"},{"id":105638,"arabic":"نهاية (قناة)","english":"tail (of a sewer)","french":"terminaison [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105638"},{"id":105639,"arabic":"تقنية تحلية مياه البحر","english":"technology, desalting","french":"technique de dessalement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105639"},{"id":105640,"arabic":"مِقياس مَناسيب مؤقت","english":"temporary gauge","french":"niveau temporaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105640"},{"id":105641,"arabic":"محور الوادي المنخفض","english":"thalweg (longitudinal profile of river bed)","french":"talweg","description":"(انظر: محور النهر)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105641"},{"id":105642,"arabic":"خط العمق الأعظمي للمقطع النهري","english":"thalweg (longitudinal profile of river bed)","french":"thalweg","description":"خط متوازن يربط بين أدنى نقاط في المقاطع العرضية المُتتالية لمجرى مائي. (انظر: محور النهر) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105642"},{"id":105643,"arabic":"طَريقة حرارية","english":"thermal process","french":"procédé thermique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105643"},{"id":105644,"arabic":"ممال حراري","english":"thermocline","french":"thermocline [f.]","description":"طبقة رقيقة تخيلية ('سطح')، تكون في المجاري المائية في نطاق أكبر تدرجات الكثافة الناجمة عن الاختلافات في درجات الحرارة. (DIN 4049-2:1990)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105644"},{"id":105645,"arabic":"عتبة","english":"threshold; sill","french":"traverse (bois); crête [f.]","description":"منشأ على قاع المجرى المائي، يمنع حدوث التآكل، دون تغيير لمُنحدر القاع. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105645"},{"id":105646,"arabic":"بِرْكَة المدّ والجزر","english":"tide pool","french":"bassin de crue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105646"},{"id":105647,"arabic":"درجة الحرارة القصوى للمياه الملحية","english":"top brine temperature (TBT)","french":"température maximale de saumure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105647"},{"id":105648,"arabic":"عُرْض سطح الماء","english":"top width / surface width / waterway / width of water level","french":"largeur de nappe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105648"},{"id":105649,"arabic":"تربة زراعية","english":"topsoil / surface soil / solum","french":"terreau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105649"},{"id":105650,"arabic":"مُعدَّل سنويّ للأمطار","english":"total annual precipitation","french":"précipitations annuelles [f.]","description":"نسبة هطول الأمطار في عام واحد. رمز المُعادلات: Na (انظر: ","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105650"},{"id":105651,"arabic":"إجماليّ تدفق المياه في الطقس الجاف","english":"total volume of discharged water during dry weather","french":"débit de temps sec cumulé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105651"},{"id":105652,"arabic":"مادة مُقْتَفِية","english":"tracer","french":"traceur [m.]","description":"مادة تُستخدم لفحص عمليات الاقتفاء والتتبع التي تجري في المجاري المائية (تكون المادة مُنحلة أو مُعلقة أو على شكل آخر). (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105652"},{"id":105653,"arabic":"عملية مُعالجة لاحقة","english":"train, post-treatment","french":"procédé de traitement secondaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105653"},{"id":105654,"arabic":"طُرق المُعَالَجَة الأولية","english":"train, pre-treatment","french":"precleaning process","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105654"},{"id":105655,"arabic":"مَجْرَى مائيّ عَابِر للحُدُود","english":"transboundary water course","french":"cours d'eau transfrontalier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105655"},{"id":105656,"arabic":"نَمُوذَج نقل","english":"transport model / dispersion model","french":"modèle de propagation [m.]","description":"نموذج لوصف سلوك مواد موجودة في نظام هيدرولوجي. (انظر: [نمط التشتت](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104751)) (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105656"},{"id":105657,"arabic":"عَتَبة نهاية شبه منحرفة","english":"trapezoidal end sill","french":"seuil final, trapézoïdal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105657"},{"id":105658,"arabic":"تنظيف كيميائي","english":"treatment, chemical","french":"nettoyage à sec [m.] / nettoyage chimique [m.] / épuration chimique [f.]","description":"شبكة عالمية من بعض ممثلي الحكومات، وسلطات الأمم المتحدة، وبنوك التنمية، والمؤسسات البحثية، والجمعيات غير الأهلية (NGOs) ومؤسسات خاصة. تم تأسيسها في عام 1990 وهي تنتهج في قطاع المياه نهج التنمية المُستدامة. وتلعب الشراكة العالمية للمياه (GWP) دوراً ريادياً في تطوير الإدارة المُتكاملة للموارد المائية (IWRM)، وتطالب بتنفيذ هذا النهج.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105658"},{"id":105659,"arabic":"حركة منتظمة للمياه الراشحة","english":"trickling, uniform","french":"écoulement des eaux d'infiltration uniforme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105659"},{"id":105660,"arabic":"مفيض الفيضانات","english":"trough spillway; chute spillway","french":"déversoir à auge ou caniveau à forte pente [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105660"},{"id":105661,"arabic":"عنفة استعادة الطاقة","english":"turbine, energy recovery","french":"turbine de récupération d’énergie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105661"},{"id":105662,"arabic":"مدد نهريّ تراكميّ","english":"umulative runoff; total discharge","french":"volume écoulé","description":"المجموع الكلي من كافة مصادر أحد المُستجمعات طوال مُدة زمنية مُعينة. (انظر: مُعدَّل المدد النهريّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105662"},{"id":105663,"arabic":"اِتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمُكافحة التَصَحُّر","english":"UN Convention to Combat Desertification","french":"convention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la désertification [f.]","description":"تندرج هذه الاتفاقية تحت اتفاقيات الأمم المُتحدة، التي يرجع أصلها إلى مؤتمر الأمم المتحدة الخاص بالبيئة والتنمية المُنعقد في ريو دي جانيرو عام 1992- وهي تختص بأحد أشكال تعرية التربة في المناطق القاحلة وشبه القاحلة وشبه الرطبة، وتركّز بشكل خاص على إفريقيا. (انظر: اتفاقِية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة التَصَحُّر)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105663"},{"id":105664,"arabic":"فواقد (ال...) الفعلية السنوية التي لا يمكن تجنبها من المياه","english":"Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL)","french":"pertes annuelles réelles inévitables [f.]","description":"قيمة نظرية تُحسب وفقاً للمُعادلة التالية: UARL (لتر في اليوم) = (18 x Lm + 0,8 x Nc + 25 x Lp) x P، حيث Lm = طول الأنابيب الرئيسية وأنابيب الإمداد بالمتر، و Nc = عدد الوصلات الرئيسية، Lp = الطول الإجمالي بالمتر لجميع أنابيب المنزل بدءاً من حدود قطعة الأرض حتى عدّاد المياه. كما يعني الحرف P = متوسط درجة ضغط الإمداد بالمتر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105664"},{"id":105665,"arabic":"عينة مُطابقة للطبيعة","english":"undisturbed sample","french":"échantillon non remanié","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105665"},{"id":105666,"arabic":"قيمة ضغط التسرب","english":"unit seepage force","french":"force unitaire due à l'écoulement en milieu poreux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105666"},{"id":105667,"arabic":"فَتْح مِنطَقة","english":"unsealing of surfaces","french":"descellement des surfaces [m.]","description":"المساحات الكتيمة هي كافة المناطق الصَمَّاء (غير المُنْفِذَة)، التي تتدفق منها المياه إلى قناةٍ ما دون إعاقة. والفتح يعني تحويل هذه المنطقة من الحالة الكتيمة إلى منطقة قابلة لتخلل المياه بها، مثال ذلك: التربة، والحصى، والأحجار الشبكية المُخصصة للأعشاب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105667"},{"id":105668,"arabic":"ضَغْط إلى أعلى","english":"uplift pressure / buoyancy","french":"poussée [f.]","description":"الانخفاض الواضح للحمل في الجسم المغمور بواسطة نزوح السائل، وصعود جسم مُتحرك أو مُتدفق ضد الجاذبية الأرضية عن طريق اختلافات الضغط. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105668"},{"id":105669,"arabic":"ضِدّ التيار","english":"upstream","french":"en amont","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105669"},{"id":105670,"arabic":"رَفْع ماء البئر","english":"upwelling","french":"eau de remontée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105670"},{"id":105671,"arabic":"تربة حَضَريَّة","english":"urban soil","french":"sol, anthropogène [m.]","description":"التربة والمواد في المناطق المفتوحة السكنية والتجارية والصناعية والمنجمية، وكذلك التربة التي تَغَيَّر التسلسل الأصليّ لطبقاتها، وذلك بسبب مُعالجتها واستغلالها وتجريفها وردمها، مثلاً. (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105671"},{"id":105672,"arabic":"مبدأ الاستخدام","english":"usage concept","french":"concept d'usage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105672"},{"id":105673,"arabic":"استخدام مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُعالجة","english":"use of sewage","french":"utilisation des eaux usées [f.] / utilisation des eaux d'égout [f.]","description":"استعمال مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُعالجة عادةً في ريّ الأراضي الزراعية عن طريق توجيهها إليها أو رشّها وتخللُّها إلى جوف الأرض، وذلك من أجل الاستفادة من مكوّنات تلك المياه في نمو النبات. وفي هذه الحالة، يجب مُراعاة الجوانب الصحية والسلامة الخاصة بذلك.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105673"},{"id":105674,"arabic":"زيت قديم","english":"used oil / waste oil","french":"huile résiduaire [f.] / huile usagée [f.]","description":"زيوت التزليق الاصطناعية أو المعدنية التي لم تعد مُناسبة للاستخدام الذي صُنعت أساساً من أجله. على سبيل المثال الزيوت المُستعملة في محركات الاحتراق وصناديق التروس والتوربينات والزيوت الهيدروليكية. (توصيات الاتحاد الأوروبي 2008/98/EG)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105674"},{"id":105675,"arabic":"استهلاك مائيّ نهريّ","english":"valley consumptive use","french":"consommation d’eau (relativement à une vallée fluviale) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105675"},{"id":105676,"arabic":"قاع الوادي","english":"valley floor","french":"fond de vallée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105676"},{"id":105677,"arabic":"انضغاط البخار","english":"vapour compression (VP)","french":"compression de vapeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105677"},{"id":105678,"arabic":"تقطير بطريقة انضغاط البخار","english":"vapour compression distillation","french":"distillation-compression de vapeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105678"},{"id":105679,"arabic":"وحدة ضَغْط البُخَار","english":"vapour compression unit","french":"installation de compression de vapeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105679"},{"id":105680,"arabic":"مَسيل فنتوري","english":"venturi flume","french":"canal venturi [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105680"},{"id":105681,"arabic":"مَسيل فنتوري","english":"venturi flume","french":"canal venturi [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105681"},{"id":105682,"arabic":"مِقياس فنتوري","english":"venturi meter","french":"compteur venturi [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105682"},{"id":105683,"arabic":"أُنْبوب فنتوري","english":"venturi tube","french":"tube venturi [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105683"},{"id":105684,"arabic":"ريّ (ال...) بمياه صرف صحيّ غير مُعالجة","english":"wastewater irrigation, untreated","french":"irrigation des eaux usées non traitées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105684"},{"id":105685,"arabic":"إدارة مياه الصرف الصحي","english":"wastewater management","french":"gestion des eaux d'égout [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105685"},{"id":105686,"arabic":"أعمال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي في المناطق المجاورة","english":"wastewater treatment plant neighbourhood","french":"voisinage des grandes stations d'épuration [m.]","description":"(المرادف: مبدأ التقاربية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105686"},{"id":105687,"arabic":"ماء","english":"water","french":"eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105687"},{"id":105688,"arabic":"تحكم (ال..) في توزيع المياه","english":"water allocation mechanism","french":"mécanisme d'allocation des ressources en eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105688"},{"id":105689,"arabic":"تيسر المياه","english":"water availability","french":"disponibilité en eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105689"},{"id":105690,"arabic":"جرْد المياه الجوفية","english":"water balance","french":"bilan hydrologique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105690"},{"id":105691,"arabic":"تَوَازُّن (ال...) المائيّ المناخيّ","english":"water balance, climatic","french":"bilan hydrologique, climatique [f.]","description":"الفرق بين نسبة هطول المطر التي يمكن الانتفاع بها hNn وبين نسبة البخر الفعلية ETaKW\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105691"},{"id":105692,"arabic":"إدارة وصيانة المُسطحات المائية","english":"water body maintenance; 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(انظر: [نُدْرَة المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102368))، أرض نادرة المياه)، [منطقة فقيرة في الموارد المائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104554))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105699"},{"id":105700,"arabic":"احتياج (ال...) المائيّ","english":"water demand","french":"besoins en eau [m.]","description":"كمية المياه اللازمة والمُقدرة لكل وحدة زمنية. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105700"},{"id":105701,"arabic":"الطلب على المياه","english":"water demand","french":"besoin en eau","description":"كمية المياه المطلوبة خلال فترة زمنية محددة من أجل استخدامات معيّنة مثل الري وتوليد الطاقة والاستخدام المنزلي ونتح النبات، والتخزين وغيرها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105701"},{"id":105702,"arabic":"شبكة (نِظام) توزيع المياه","english":"water distribution system","french":"réseau de distribution d'eau [m.]","description":"جزء من شبكة (نظام) الإمداد بالمياه، وهو مُزود بخطوط أنابيب، وخزانات لمياه الشُرب، وسيور ناقلة، وتجهيزات أخرى بغرض توزيع المياه على المُستهلكين. ويبدأ هذا النظام من بعد محطة مُعالجة المياه، أو - عند عدم إجراء عملية المُعالجة - فإنه يبدأ بعد الحوض المائيّ وينتهي عند محطة التحويل للمُستهلك. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105702"},{"id":105703,"arabic":"قطاع تحويل المياه","english":"water diversion section","french":"section de dérivation de l'eau [f.]","description":"مجرى مائيّ أساسيّ ذو تصريف محدود بسبب تحويل جزء من المياه منه، لإمداد مُنشأة تحويل بهذا الجزء من المياه، مثلاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105703"},{"id":105704,"arabic":"مقنن مائي","english":"water duty","french":"dose d'irrigation / demande en eau","description":"كمية المياه اللازمة لري محصول معيّن في وحدة المساحة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105704"},{"id":105705,"arabic":"طَوَارِئ المياه","english":"water emergency","french":"grave pénurie d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105705"},{"id":105706,"arabic":"اِسْتِغلال الماء","english":"water exploitation","french":"exploitation de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105706"},{"id":105707,"arabic":"بصمة (ال..) المائية","english":"water footprint","french":"empreinte d'eau [f.]","description":"مصطلح يطلق على إجمالي كمية المياه العذبة المستعملة لتصنيع السلع وتقديم الخدمات في دولة ما. وبصمة القدم هذه هي مؤشر استهلاك المياه العذبة في عمليات الانتاج الاقتصادي والاستهلاك العادي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105707"},{"id":105708,"arabic":"دَلِيل إطَار العَمَل في مَجَال المياه","english":"Water Framework Directive (WFD)","french":"Directive-Cadre sur l'eau (DCE) [f.]","description":"دليل يعتبر الأساس الذي يتم وفقاً له حماية المُجسّمات المائية في أوروبا، حيث ظهرت القضايا المُتعلقة بالظروف البيئية (الإيكولوجية) للمُجسّمات المائية بعد إجراء عمليات التحسين المُستمرة لجودة مياه الأنهار والبحار من خلال توسيع وتطوير محطات مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ. وكان من أسباب إصدار هذا الدليل - في المقام الأول - هو انتشار الملوثات. ومن الأهداف الجوهرية والأساسية لهذا الدليل دعم القدرة الوظيفية البيئية (الإيكولوجية) للمُجسّمات المائية السطحية والحفاظ على إمكانية استغلال المياه الجوفية (= حالة جيدة). (انظر: [دليل الاتحاد الأوروبيّ عن إطار العمل في مجال المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108295))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105708"},{"id":105709,"arabic":"حَوْكَمة المياه","english":"water governance","french":"gestion des réserves d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105709"},{"id":105710,"arabic":"مشروعات البِنْيَة التحتية للمياه","english":"water infrastructure project","french":"projets d'infrastructure de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105710"},{"id":105711,"arabic":"حق استخدام المياه","english":"water law","french":"droit d'usage des eaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105711"},{"id":105712,"arabic":"أعلى منسوب للخزان","english":"water level, maximum / flood level, highest / reservoir level, highest","french":"augmentation du niveau d’eau, maximale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105712"},{"id":105713,"arabic":"مَنسُوب (ال..) المقابِل","english":"water level, specific","french":"niveau d’eau, spécifique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105713"},{"id":105714,"arabic":"تحليل فاقِد المياه","english":"water loss analysis","french":"analyse des pertes d’eau (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105714"},{"id":105715,"arabic":"كشف (ال..) عن تسرب المياه","english":"water loss detection","french":"détection des pertes d’eau (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105715"},{"id":105716,"arabic":"فاقد فعليّ للمياه","english":"water loss, actual","french":"pertes d'eau effectives (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105716"},{"id":105717,"arabic":"فاقد ظاهريّ للمياه","english":"water loss, apparent","french":"pertes d'eau apparentes (pl.) [f.]","description":"(انظر: [فَقْد تدريجي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104894))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105717"},{"id":105718,"arabic":"فاقد تشغيليّ للمياه","english":"water loss, operation-specific","french":"pertes d'eau (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105718"},{"id":105719,"arabic":"فاقد حقيقيّ للمياه","english":"water loss, real","french":"pertes d’eau réelles (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105719"},{"id":105720,"arabic":"إدارة المصادر المائية","english":"water management","french":"gestion de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105720"},{"id":105721,"arabic":"إدارة المياه","english":"water management","french":"économie des eaux [f.] / gestion des eaux [f.]","description":"تنظيم واعي الأهداف لكل التأثيرات البشرية على المياه السطحية والجوفية. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105721"},{"id":105722,"arabic":"إدارة المياه","english":"Water management","french":"Gestion des ressources en eau","description":"التخطيط لتنمية الموارد المائية وتوزيعها واستخدامها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105722"},{"id":105723,"arabic":"إدارة المياه","english":"water management","french":"Gestion des ressources en eau","description":"التخطيط لتنمية الموارد المائية وتوزيعها واستخدامها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105723"},{"id":105724,"arabic":"قِسْم إدَارة المياه","english":"water management administration","french":"administration de gestion de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105724"},{"id":105725,"arabic":"مَصْلَحة (إدارة) المياه","english":"water management office","french":"bureau de gestion de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105725"},{"id":105726,"arabic":"سياسة إدارة المَصادر المائية","english":"water management policies","french":"politique de gestion des eaux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105726"},{"id":105727,"arabic":"إدارة المياه العَابِرة للحدود","english":"water management, transboundary","french":"gestion des eaux, transfrontalières [f.]","description":"عملية إدارة مصادر المياه طبقاً للاتفاقية التي وقّعت في 18 مارس 1992 في هلسنكي باسم الاتحاد الأوروبي، والتي تعني بحماية مجاري المياه العابرة الحدود والبحيرات الدولية والانتفاع بها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105727"},{"id":105728,"arabic":"مُدِير المياه","english":"water manager","french":"gestionnaire de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105728"},{"id":105729,"arabic":"الحاجة من المياه لفترة معينة","english":"water need","french":"besoin en eau","description":"كمية المياه الضرورية، خلال فترة معينة، لتوفير كافة الاحتياجات المعروفة أو التقديرية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105729"},{"id":105730,"arabic":"فاصل مائيّ","english":"water parting / divide / watershed","french":"ligne de partage des eaux [f.]","description":"الحدود الفاصلة بين المُستجمعات المائية السطحية التي يتم تحديدها على ضوء المُعطيات الجبلية (الأوروجرافية). (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105730"},{"id":105731,"arabic":"خُطَّة مائية متكاملة","english":"water plan, integrated","french":"plan de gestion des eaux, intégré [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105731"},{"id":105732,"arabic":"حَقّ اِرْتِفَاق مائيّ إقليميّ","english":"water plan, local","french":"loi sur l'eau, suprarégionale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105732"},{"id":105733,"arabic":"طريقة التخطيط المائيّ","english":"water planning process","french":"processus de planification de l'eau [m.]","description":"تقدير كم المطر وتوزيعه فوق منطقة مُستجمع مُعينة، لمُراعاته في تحديد الفيضان التصميميّ. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105733"},{"id":105734,"arabic":"سياسة مائية","english":"water policy","french":"politique de l’eau","description":"مجموعة من التدابير الفنية والقانونية والمؤسسية التي توجه الأنشطة الوطنية فيما يتعلق بكمية الموارد المائية ونوعيتها واستخدامها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105734"},{"id":105735,"arabic":"سياسة (ال..) القومية للمياه","english":"water policy, national","french":"politique nationale de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105735"},{"id":105736,"arabic":"فقر في المياه","english":"water poverty; water scarcity","french":"pauvreté [f.] en eau; pénurie [f.] d’eau; rareté [f.] d’eau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105736"},{"id":105737,"arabic":"نوعية المُسطحات المائية","english":"water quality","french":"qualité de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105737"},{"id":105738,"arabic":"بَيَانَات نَوْعية المياه","english":"water quality data","french":"données sur la qualité des eaux (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105738"},{"id":105739,"arabic":"مشكلة نوعية المُسطحات المائية","english":"water quality problem","french":"problème de qualité de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105739"},{"id":105740,"arabic":"قياس كمية الماء","english":"water quantity measurement","french":"hydrométrie [f.] / mesure des quantités d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105740"},{"id":105741,"arabic":"تَقْنِين الماء","english":"water rationing","french":"rationnement de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105741"},{"id":105742,"arabic":"تهذيب مجرى النهر","english":"water regulation","french":"régulation de cours d’eau [f.]","description":"انخفاض منسوب المياه الجوفية نتيجةً لخروجها من خلال الآبار والينابيع أو الفتحات الأخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105742"},{"id":105743,"arabic":"مَحَطة إعادة شحن المياه","english":"water replenishment facility","french":"installation de réalimentation en eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105743"},{"id":105744,"arabic":"مَصْدَر المياه","english":"water resource","french":"ressources en eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105744"},{"id":105745,"arabic":"مورد المائي","english":"water resource","french":"ressource en eau","description":"مجموع المياه المتوفرة، والتي يمكن إتاحتها بالكمية الكافية والنوعية المطلوبة لتلبية احتياج محدد لمكان معين في فترة معيّنة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105745"},{"id":105746,"arabic":"مَصْدَر مياه مُشْتَرَك","english":"water resource, shared","french":"ressources en eau, partagées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105746"},{"id":105747,"arabic":"تقييم الموارد المائية","english":"water resources assessment","french":"évaluation des ressources en eau","description":"تحديد الموارد، وحجمها، ودرجة الاعتماد عليها ونوعيتها من أجل استخدامها والتحكم بها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105747"},{"id":105748,"arabic":"إدارة الموارد المائية","english":"water resources management","french":"gestion des ressources en eau","description":"إدارة المياه هو النشاط المتضمن التخطيط والتطوير والتوزيع والإدارة للاستغلال الأمثل لهذه الموارد المائية المحدودة ضمن سياسات وقوانين محددة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105748"},{"id":105749,"arabic":"قانون إدارة الموارد المائية (WHG)","english":"Water Resources Management Law (German)","french":"loi sur le régime des eaux [f.]","description":"نموذج تطوير يتلاءم مع مُتطلبات الجيل الحالي دون المساس بقدرات الأجيال القادمة على تحقيق مُتطلباتهم.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105749"},{"id":105750,"arabic":"نظام إدارة الموارد المائية","english":"water resources management system","french":"système de gestion des ressources en eau","description":"مجموعة منشآت وهيئات تتمتع بصلاحيات واسعة وتكون مهمتها إدارة الموارد المائية في إطار نظام متكامل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105750"},{"id":105751,"arabic":"إدارة (ال..) المُتَكَامِلَة للموارد المائية","english":"water resources management, integrated","french":"gestion des ressources en eau, intégrée [f.]","description":"النمط المُتفق عليه عالمياً للتعامل مع الموارد المائية. الاختصار: IWRM (انظر: [مبادئ دُبلن](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104976))، (انظر: الإدارة المُتكاملة لموارد المياه)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105751"},{"id":105752,"arabic":"تخطيط الموارد المائية","english":"water resources planning","french":"planification des ressources en eau","description":"تخطيط الموارد المائية بغرض تنمية هذه الموارد النادرة والحفاظ عليها وتحصيصها وتحقيق نوع من التوازن بين توفّر المياه والطلب، مع إيلاء الاعتبار اللازم لمجموعة الأهداف الوطنية والتحديات القائمة ومصالح الأطراف المعنية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105752"},{"id":105753,"arabic":"إعادة استعمال المياه","english":"water reuse","french":"réutilisation de l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105753"},{"id":105754,"arabic":"إعادة استعمال المياه بطريقة راشِدة","english":"water reutilisation, intelligent","french":"réutilisation de l’eau, intelligente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105754"},{"id":105755,"arabic":"حَقّ اِرْتِفَاق مائيّ فرعي","english":"water right, junior","french":"loi sur l'eau, secondaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105755"},{"id":105756,"arabic":"حَقّ اِرْتِفَاق مائيّ مُحَال","english":"water right, vested","french":"loi sur l'eau, transmise [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105756"},{"id":105757,"arabic":"حقوق استخدام المياه","english":"water rights","french":"droits d'usage des eaux (pl.) [m.]","description":"التصريحات الصادرة على هيئة إجراءات من جهة رسمية مسؤولة، والتي تنص على استخدام المُجسّمات المائية الثابتة أوالجارية، أو استخدام المياه الجوفية كذلك في توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية (مثال: من خلال استغلال المساقط المائية في توليد الطاقة باستخدام معدات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية)، أو استخدامها في الإمداد بالمياه (مثال: استخراح مياه الشرب أو مياه الأغراض الصناعية)، أو استخدامها في الأغراض الأخرى (مثال: صرف المياه المُستعملة). (انظر: [حُقوق استعمال المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105480))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105757"},{"id":105758,"arabic":"دول تعاني ندرة المياه","english":"water scarce country","french":"pays aride","description":"مُسمى تستخدمه في المُعتاد وسائل الإعلام والمُنظمات الدولية والمُنظمات غير الحكومية للإشارة إلى المناطق التي تستهلك فيها مصادر المياه بنسبة عالية. إلا أنه لا يوجد اتفاق على طريقة تعريف أو طريقة قياس مُعينة لهذا الاستهلاك. وباستخدام مؤشر ''فالكن مارك'' (إحدى أكثر طرق قياس قلة أو ندرة المياه انتشاراً وأسهلها استخداماً) تُعد الدولة الفقيرة في مصادر المياه هي تلك التي يبلغ نصيب الفرد فيها ما يقل عن 1000 م3 من المياه القابلة للتجديد. إلا أن هذه الطريقة لا تراعي الاختلافات الجغرافية داخل تلك الدولة، ولا تراعي إمكانية الوصول إلى مصادر مياه متنوعة. كما أنها لا تشمل مصادر المياه الاصطناعية (مثل محطات تحلية مياه البحر). (انظر: [نُدْرَة المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102368))، (انظر: [قصور المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105699))، (انظر: [منطقة فقيرة في الموارد المائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104554))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105758"},{"id":105759,"arabic":"نُدرة المياه","english":"water scarcity","french":"pénurie d'eau","description":"تحدث عندما يتجاوز الطلب على المياه العذبة لتلبية احتياجات اجتماعية أو اقتصادية أو بيئية الإمدادات المتوفرة من المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105759"},{"id":105760,"arabic":"تخزين المياه","english":"water storage","french":"stockage d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105760"},{"id":105761,"arabic":"المجلس التعاوني لإمدادات المياه والصرف الصحي (WSSCC)","english":"Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council","french":"Conseil de concertation pour l'approvisionnement en eau et l'assainissement","description":"الحجم الذي يُميّز خليط من الحُبيبات ذات مُنحنى مُعيّن للتوزيع الحُبيّبي. رمز المُعادلات: dch (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105761"},{"id":105762,"arabic":"سَطْح الماء (للمياه الأرضية)","english":"water surface (groundwater)","french":"surface de l’eau (souterraine) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105762"},{"id":105763,"arabic":"سَطْح الماء الحر (المياه الجوفية)","english":"water table","french":"nappe d’eau (souterraine) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105763"},{"id":105764,"arabic":"منحنى استنزاف المياه الجوفية","english":"water table drawdown curve","french":"courbe d’abaissement d’eau souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105764"},{"id":105765,"arabic":"سَطْح الماء الجوفيّ الطبيعيّ","english":"water table, natural","french":"niveau d’eau, naturel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105765"},{"id":105766,"arabic":"سَرقة المياه","english":"water theft","french":"vol d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105766"},{"id":105767,"arabic":"طَريقة مُعَالَجَة المياه","english":"water treatment process","french":"procédé de traitement des eaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105767"},{"id":105768,"arabic":"نِظام مُعَالَجَة المياه","english":"water treatment system","french":"système de traitement des eaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105768"},{"id":105769,"arabic":"نِظام نَقَّال لمُعَالَجَة المياه","english":"water treatment system, mobile","french":"système de traitement des eaux mobile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105769"},{"id":105770,"arabic":"استخدام المياه","english":"water Use","french":"utilisation de l'eau","description":"كمية المياه المستخدمة","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105770"},{"id":105771,"arabic":"استخدام المياه","english":"water use","french":"utilisation de l'eau; usage des eaux","description":"أنظر أيضاً:                                                                                     الاستخدام التجاري للمياه\nالاستخدام الصناعي للمياه\nاستخدام غير استهلاكي\n الانتفاع بالمياه للأغراض المختلفة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105771"},{"id":105772,"arabic":"استعمال مائيّ مفيد","english":"water use, beneficial","french":"consommation d’eau, profitable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105772"},{"id":105773,"arabic":"اِستخدام المياه العَابِرة للحدود","english":"water use, transboundary","french":"utilisation de l'eau, transfrontalière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105773"},{"id":105774,"arabic":"كفاية استخدام النبات للماء","english":"water utilisation efficiency","french":"exploitation de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105774"},{"id":105775,"arabic":"استخدام (ال...) الصناعيّ للمياه","english":"water utilisation, industrial","french":"exploitation industrielle de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105775"},{"id":105776,"arabic":"سحب المياه","english":"water withdrawal","french":"prélèvement d’eau","description":"سحب المياه هو الحجم الإجمالي للمياه المسحوبة من مصدر المياه مثل بحيرة أو نهر. في كثير من الأحيان، يتم إرجاع جزء من هذه المياه إلى المصدر و تتوفر بالتالي لاستخدامها مرة أخرى. المياه المستهلكة هي كمية المياه المسحوبة للاستخدام و لم تعد إلى مصدرها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105776"},{"id":105777,"arabic":"مياه زرقاء","english":"water, blue","french":"eau bleue [f.]","description":"مصطلح يطلق على مياه الأنهار والبحار، والمياه الجوفية والمياه المحصورة في الحقول الجليدية. ويُستخدم 'الماء الأزرق' كمصدر للريّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105777"},{"id":105778,"arabic":"مياه حرة","english":"water, free","french":"eau, libre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105778"},{"id":105779,"arabic":"ماء أخْضَر","english":"water, green","french":"eau verte [f.]","description":"مصطلح توصف به مياه الأمطار التي تدخل في دورة النباتات ودورة التربة مُباشرةً. وبعد استخدامها، فإنها تتبخر كنتحٍ 'مُنتِج'. والجزء الأكبر من الأمطار التي تسقط على سطح الأرض يتبخر بالطبع كبخر 'غير مُنتج'. وتكمن الفرصة الأكبر وكذلك التحدي لمجال إدارة المياه مُستقبلاً في جعل النسبة الأكبر من هذه 'المياه الخضراء' مُتاحة بشكل أفضل عن طريق الحيلولة دون تبخرها المُباشر وكذلك رفع قدرة للتربة على التخزين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105779"},{"id":105780,"arabic":"مياه وسطية","english":"water, intermediate","french":"eau dans la zone intermédiaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105780"},{"id":105781,"arabic":"ماء متخلِّل","english":"water, interstitial","french":"eau intermédiaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105781"},{"id":105782,"arabic":"مياه يافعة","english":"water, juvenile / water, connate","french":"eau, juvénile [f.]","description":"مياه محبوسة في باطن الأرض، ولم تشارك في أية دورة مُناخية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105782"},{"id":105783,"arabic":"مياه مُتحولة","english":"water, metamorphic","french":"eau, métamorphique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105783"},{"id":105784,"arabic":"مياه بدائية","english":"water, primitive","french":"eau, primitive [f.]","description":"(انظر: استخراج المياه الجوفية العتيقة من باطن الأرض)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105784"},{"id":105785,"arabic":"مياه مالحة قلوية","english":"water, saline-alkaline","french":"eau, saline-alcaline [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105785"},{"id":105786,"arabic":"مياه تحت أرضية","english":"water, subsurface/ water, subterranean","french":"eau, souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105786"},{"id":105787,"arabic":"مياه افتراضية","english":"water, virtual","french":"eau virtuelle [f.]","description":"مصطلح يُقصد به كمية المياه المُستخدمة فعلياً لكل مُنتج والمحسوبة بعد عمل موازنة شاملة. كما تسمى أيضاً المياه الكامنة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105787"},{"id":105788,"arabic":"مياه","english":"water; waters (pl.)","french":"eaux (pl.) [f.]; cours d'eau [m.]","description":"المياه الجارية أو الراكدة التي لها علاقة بالدورة المائية، بما في ذلك أسرة المجاري المائية أو الطبقات الحاملة للمياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105788"},{"id":105789,"arabic":"طبقة حاملة للمياه الجوفية","english":"water-bearing layer","french":"couche aquifère [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105789"},{"id":105790,"arabic":"نسبة كمّية لمياه التربة","english":"water-depth ratio","french":"rapport volumétrique des eaux du sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105790"},{"id":105791,"arabic":"سَعة الإمساك الفعالة للماء","english":"water-holding capacity, effective","french":"capacité de rétention d’eau, effective [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105791"},{"id":105792,"arabic":"مسجل مناسيب الماء","english":"water-level recorder / recording gauge","french":"limnigraphe [m.]","description":"جهاز يعطي تمثيلاً بيانياً لارتفاع وانخفاض منسوب الماء ارتباطاً بالزمن. (انظر: [مُسَجِل مَناسيب الماء](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105795)). (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105792"},{"id":105793,"arabic":"مسح رقابي للمُسطحات والمُنشآت المائية","english":"waters observational survey","french":"observation de cours d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105793"},{"id":105794,"arabic":"إدارة حوض مائي","english":"watershed management","french":"gestion des bassins versants","description":"استخدام الحوض المائي في إطار خطة طبقاً لأهداف محددة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105794"},{"id":105795,"arabic":"مُسَجِل مَناسيب الماء","english":"water-stage recorder / water-level recorder","french":"limnigraphe [m.]","description":"(انظر: مسجل مناسيب (الماء))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105795"},{"id":105796,"arabic":"مَجْرَى مائيّ","english":"waterway","french":"voie navigable [f.]","description":"مجسم مائيّ (نهر، قناة، بحر إلخ) يمكن للسفن المرور خلاله.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105796"},{"id":105797,"arabic":"جِوَار المُنْشَآت المائية","english":"waterworks neighbourhood","french":"voisinage des usines de distribution d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105797"},{"id":105798,"arabic":"تجوية","english":"weathering","french":"Météorisation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105798"},{"id":105799,"arabic":"منطقة التجوية","english":"weathering zone","french":"zone d'altération","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105799"},{"id":105800,"arabic":"هيدروجراف آبار","english":"well hydrograph","french":"hydrogramme d'un puits / courbe des niveaux d'eau dans un puits","description":"(انظر: [هَيدروجراف البئر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108358))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105800"},{"id":105801,"arabic":"بئر تسرّب (إلى باطن الأرض)","english":"well, subsurface injection","french":"puits d’infiltration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105801"},{"id":105802,"arabic":"بَرْبَخُ سقوط بئريّ","english":"well-drop culvert","french":"aqueduc souterrain avec puits d'entrée et de sortie","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105802"},{"id":105803,"arabic":"زراعة (ال...) الرطبة","english":"wetland agriculture","french":"agriculture de zone humide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105803"},{"id":105804,"arabic":"نقطة الذّبول الدائم","english":"wilting point, first permanent / wilting point / wilting coefficient","french":"point de flétrissement, permanent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105804"},{"id":105805,"arabic":"مؤتمر القمة العالميّ للتنمية المستدامة","english":"world summit on sustainable development","french":"sommet mondial sur le développement durable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105805"},{"id":105806,"arabic":"حصيلة اقتصادية للطبقة الحاملة للماء","english":"yield of an aquifer, economic","french":"rendement d'un aquifère, économique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105806"},{"id":105807,"arabic":"حصيلة المستجمع السنوية","english":"yield, annual","french":"débit annuel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105807"},{"id":105808,"arabic":"حبيبات رصيف (هيدرولية)","english":"yield; delivery (hydrol.)","french":"débit de puits [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105808"},{"id":105809,"arabic":"منطقة التشبع","english":"zone of saturation","french":"zone de saturation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105809"},{"id":105810,"arabic":"منطقة القشرة الرقيقة","english":"zone, pellicular","french":"zone d'eau pelliculaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105810"},{"id":105811,"arabic":"نطاق مُشَبَّع","english":"zone, phreatic","french":"zone phréatique [f.]","description":"تتجمّع المياه الموجودة أسفل سطح التربة في حيّزين يقعان على مقربةٍ من بعضهما البعض: الحيز الأول يوجد أسفل سطح الأرض مُباشرةً، ويكون أعلى منسوب المياه الجوفية، ويحتوي في تجويفاته على الهواء والماء، ومن هنا تأتي تسميته بـ 'النطاق غير المُشبّع'. أمّا الحيّز الآخر والمجاور للأول مباشرةً، فإن جميع فجواته المُترابطة تكون مملوءة بالمياه، ولذلك فإنه يسمى 'النطاق المُشَبَّع'، والماء الموجود في هذا الحيّز يُسمى المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105811"},{"id":105812,"arabic":"صِهْرِيج إمْهُوف","english":"Imhoff tank","french":"décanteur-digesteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105812"},{"id":105813,"arabic":"درجة نوعية المُسطحات المائية","english":"Waters Quality Class","french":"catégorie de qualité des eaux de surface [f.]","description":"الخواص المُتعارف عليها التي تحدد تصنيفات نوعية المياه. (DIN 4049-2:1990)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105813"},{"id":105814,"arabic":"تهوية لولبية","english":"aeration, stepped (monitored)","french":"aération dirigée [f.]; aération échelonnée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105814"},{"id":105815,"arabic":"رافِد (لنهر)","english":"affluent / influent / feeder / tributary","french":"affluent secondaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105815"},{"id":105816,"arabic":"مُكافَحة الطحالب","english":"algae control","french":"lutte contre la prolifération des algues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105816"},{"id":105817,"arabic":"إلتواء","english":"alluvial soil","french":"alluvions [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105817"},{"id":105818,"arabic":"فَرْع شِرْياني","english":"anabranch","french":"bras latéral [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105818"},{"id":105819,"arabic":"لاهَوائيّ","english":"anaerobic","french":"anaérobie","description":"1 - حالة عدم وجود أكسجين مُذاب. 2 - وصف لحياة الكائنات الدقيقة التي لا تحتاج إلى الأكسجين الحُر لعيشها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105819"},{"id":105820,"arabic":"ليف حراري لا هوائي","english":"anaerobic-thermophilic","french":"anaérobie-thermophile","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105820"},{"id":105821,"arabic":"قامِطة تثبيت","english":"anchor bracket","french":"collier fixe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105821"},{"id":105822,"arabic":"جرم مائي اصطناعي","english":"artificial water body (AWB)","french":"masse d’eau artificielle [f.]","description":"مُجسّم مائيّ سطحيّ من تخطيط الإنسان وتنفيذه. 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(DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105876"},{"id":105877,"arabic":"شبكة تدفق انتقالية","english":"flow-net / flow pattern, transformed","french":"réseau de courant transformé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105877"},{"id":105878,"arabic":"قاع أماميّ","english":"foreset bed","french":"couche frontale","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105878"},{"id":105879,"arabic":"صَقِيع","english":"frost","french":"gel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105879"},{"id":105880,"arabic":"منبع النهر","english":"headwater","french":"fleuve source [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105880"},{"id":105881,"arabic":"أعالي النهر","english":"headwater","french":"haut cours de bassin de la source [m.]","description":"1- نبع مجرى مائيّ، لا يُمكن تحديد موقعه بوضوح (منطقة مُستنقعات أو نبع حطاميّ أو الخط الأفقي لينابيع المياه الجوفية، مثلاً). 2- تعبير شامل للمسارات العلوية للمجاري المائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105881"},{"id":105882,"arabic":"كُتْلَة مياه تغيرت بشدةٍ","english":"heavily modified water body (HMWB)","french":"masse d’eau, grandement modifiée [f.]","description":"مُجسّم مائيّ سطحيّ تغيَّر تغيُّراً فيزيائياً كبيراً بسبب تصرفات المُقيمين في قطاعه من السكان. (دليل الاتحاد الأوروبيّ عن إطار العمل في مجال المياه: 2000 (EC-WRRL))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105882"},{"id":105883,"arabic":"منسوب الارتفاع فوق سطح البحر (الصفر الطبيعيّ)","english":"height above (mean) sea level (AMSL)","french":"altitude au-dessus du niveau de la mer (NN) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105883"},{"id":105884,"arabic":"هِيْدروكَرْبُون عِطْريّ مُتعدد الحلقات","english":"hydrocarbon, polyaromatic","french":"hydrocarbure polyaromatique [m.] / hydrogène carburé polyaromatique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105884"},{"id":105885,"arabic":"طَبقَة مائية عميقة","english":"hypolimnion","french":"hypolimnion [m.]","description":"طبقة المياه التي تقع أسفل الطبقة الوسطى الحارة في مُجسم مائيّ مُقسم إلى طبقات. (DIN EN 15110:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105885"},{"id":105886,"arabic":"مِقياس مائل","english":"inclined gauge / sloping gauge","french":"échelle limnimétrique inclinée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105886"},{"id":105887,"arabic":"حَوْض ترشيح","english":"infiltration basin","french":"synclinal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105887"},{"id":105888,"arabic":"بُحَيْرة داخلية","english":"inland lake","french":"lac intérieur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105888"},{"id":105889,"arabic":"صِمام دخول","english":"inlet valve","french":"soupape d'admission [f.]","description":"الخواص الحيادية لمجرى مائي والمُشار إليها بقيم فيزيائية وكيميائية وبيولوجية وكذلك بمُصطلحات وصفية. (DIN 4049-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105889"},{"id":105890,"arabic":"بُحيرة ساحلية","english":"lagoon","french":"lagune [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105890"},{"id":105891,"arabic":"بُحَيرة","english":"lake","french":"lac [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105891"},{"id":105892,"arabic":"تَحاتّ جانِبيّ","english":"lateral erosion","french":"érosion latérale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105892"},{"id":105893,"arabic":"ضوء فوق بنفسجيّ","english":"light, ultra violet","french":"lumière, ultraviolette [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105893"},{"id":105894,"arabic":"تَيّار ساحليّ","english":"littoral current","french":"courant littoral [m.]","description":"تيار قريب من الساحل يحدث غالباً بفعل الأمواج، مثال: ''التيار الموازي للشاطئ، تيار التلاطم العائد. (انظر: [تيار شاطئيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105895)) (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105894"},{"id":105895,"arabic":"تيار شاطئيّ","english":"littoral current","french":"courant littoral","description":"(انظر: [تَيّار ساحليّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105894))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105895"},{"id":105896,"arabic":"نقل ساحلي","english":"littoral transport","french":"transport littoral","description":"حركة المواد والأجسام الصلبة الموجودة في المياه القريبة من الساحل بفعل الأمواج والتيارات المائية. ويشمل ذلك النقل الطولي (الموازي للساحل)، والنقل العرضي (العمودي على الساحل). (انظر: [ارتحال الرسوبيات الساحلية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105897)) (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105896"},{"id":105897,"arabic":"ارتحال الرسوبيات الساحلية","english":"littoral transport","french":"transport de littoral [m.]","description":"(انظر: نقل ساحليّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105897"},{"id":105898,"arabic":"فَقْد بالتبخُّر","english":"loss by evaporation","french":"perte d' évaporation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105898"},{"id":105899,"arabic":"جزر","english":"low tide","french":"marée basse","description":"انحدار المياه أثناء الفترة بين ارتفاع المياه وانخفاضها التالي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105899"},{"id":105900,"arabic":"كائن عياني","english":"macrophyte","french":"macrophyte [m.]","description":"كائن نباتي حيّ يُرى بالعين المُجرّدة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105900"},{"id":105901,"arabic":"مياه مستنقع","english":"marsh water","french":"eau de marais [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105901"},{"id":105902,"arabic":"مادة (ال...) المكتسبة من الإخلاء","english":"material gained from clearing","french":"produit de déblayage [m.]","description":"المواد الناتجة عن أعمال التوسيع التي تجرى على مجرى مائي ما، أو عن أعمال الإزاحة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105902"},{"id":105903,"arabic":"متوسط سنويّ للتبخّر","english":"mean annual evaporation","french":"évaporation annuelle moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105903"},{"id":105904,"arabic":"طبقة ميتالمنيون","english":"metalimnion","french":"métalimnlion [m.]","description":"في المُسطح المائي الساكن مُتعدد الطبقات هو نطاق الإنتقال بين الطبقة العُليا من الماء، والطبقة العميقة منها. (انظر: [طبقة وسطى حارّة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110455))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105904"},{"id":105905,"arabic":"نسبة الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة في المياه","english":"microbiological waters loading","french":"chargement microbiologique des eaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105905"},{"id":105906,"arabic":"مخرج (هيدروليّ)","english":"mouth","french":"embouchure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105906"},{"id":105907,"arabic":"وَحْل","english":"mud; mire; silt","french":"limon [m.]; vase [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105907"},{"id":105908,"arabic":"حِماية الطبيعة","english":"nature conservation/protection","french":"protection de la nature [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105908"},{"id":105909,"arabic":"مَحميّة طبيعية","english":"nature reserve","french":"réserve naturelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105909"},{"id":105910,"arabic":"شِبه طبيعيّ","english":"near-natural","french":"proche de la nature","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105910"},{"id":105911,"arabic":"خلوص الأمان المعياريّ","english":"normal safety freeboard / standard freeboard","french":"revanche normale de sécurité","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105911"},{"id":105912,"arabic":"تلوّث العناصر الغذائية","english":"nutrient contamination","french":"contamination de substance nutritive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105912"},{"id":105913,"arabic":"تزويد (ال...) بالعناصر الغذائية","english":"nutrient input","french":"entrainement de substance nutritive [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105913"},{"id":105914,"arabic":"مِقياس خارجيّ لمنسوب المياه","english":"outer water gauge","french":"jauge extérieure [f.] / échelle extérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105914"},{"id":105915,"arabic":"مصرف نهاية","english":"outlet channel / outlet ditch","french":"collecteur-fossé principal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105915"},{"id":105916,"arabic":"قُمع تصريف","english":"outlet funnel, discharging funnel","french":"entonnoir de sortie","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105916"},{"id":105917,"arabic":"سيل سطحيّ","english":"overland flow; overland runoff","french":"eaux de ruissellement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105917"},{"id":105918,"arabic":"إركاد","english":"paludification / swamp formation","french":"transformation en marais","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105918"},{"id":105919,"arabic":"مَرْعى مرويّ","english":"pasture, irrigated","french":"pâturage irrigué","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105919"},{"id":105920,"arabic":"مِقياس مُدبَّب","english":"peak level","french":"pointe limnimétrique droite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105920"},{"id":105921,"arabic":"مُبيد (للذباب أو الجرذان أو الطحالب، مثلاً)","english":"pesticide","french":"pesticide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105921"},{"id":105922,"arabic":"تمثيل ضوئي","english":"photosynthesis","french":"photosynthèse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105922"},{"id":105923,"arabic":"محاصيل رائدة","english":"pioneer crops / pioneer plant","french":"espèce pionnière [f.]","description":"أشجار خشبية ونباتات أخرى يمكنها أن تنمو في أماكن صعبة وبذلك فهي تُساعد على زراعة النباتات المطلوبة أو تُمكّن من ذلك. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105923"},{"id":105924,"arabic":"أُنْبوب سريع التقارُن","english":"pipe, quick coupling","french":"tuyau à accouplement rapide [m.] / tube à raccords rapides [m.]","description":"في علم التربة، هو العُمق الذي يُمكن أن يصل له جذر النبات في التربة فعلاً دون إعدادات خاصة وفي ظروف التربة المتوافرة بالفعل (إمكانية التغلغل الجذريّ الكامنة) لتحديد خواص منطقة الجذر. وتقاس إمكانية التغلغل الجذري الكامنة بالديسيمتر. رمز المُعادلات: pإمكانية التغلغل الجذري) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105924"},{"id":105925,"arabic":"ماسُورة ضغْط من الخرسانة المسلحة","english":"pipe, reinforced concrete pressure","french":"tuyau résistant à la pression en béton armé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105925"},{"id":105926,"arabic":"أُنْبوب خرسانيّ مسلَّح بألياف فولاذية","english":"pipe, steel fibre concrete","french":"tuyau en béton fibré acier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105926"},{"id":105927,"arabic":"‌دليل اللُّدونة","english":"plasticity index","french":"indice de plasticité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105927"},{"id":105928,"arabic":"فقد المياه عند نقطة معينة","english":"point loss","french":"perte locale [f.] / perte ponctuelle [f.]","description":"الجزء من علم صيانة المسطحات المائية الذي يعني بالبيئة الطبيعة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105928"},{"id":105929,"arabic":"مُنخَفَض","english":"polder","french":"polder [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105929"},{"id":105930,"arabic":"تَحَكُّم في التَلَوُّث","english":"pollution control","french":"contrôle de la pollution [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105930"},{"id":105931,"arabic":"نقطة صرف ملوثات","english":"pollution, single source","french":"rejet, ponctuel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105931"},{"id":105932,"arabic":"بركة","english":"pond; pool; basin","french":"étang [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105932"},{"id":105933,"arabic":"قَطَنَ","english":"populate (to)","french":"peupler","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105933"},{"id":105934,"arabic":"مادة ذات أولوية","english":"priority substances (pl.) / priority materials (pl.)","french":"matières prioritaires (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105934"},{"id":105935,"arabic":"مَحْمِية","english":"protective area / area of protection","french":"zone de protection [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105935"},{"id":105936,"arabic":"مكان الضخ","english":"pump station","french":"poste de pompage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105936"},{"id":105937,"arabic":"تجهيزة ضخ مياه الصرف الخالية من الغائط (البراز)","english":"pumping device for faecal-free effluent","french":"dispositif de pompage pour effluents exempts de matières fécales [m.]","description":"بركة اصطناعية قابلة للتفريغ، تُستخدم لتربية الأسماك. (DIN 4047-5)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105937"},{"id":105938,"arabic":"جَوْدة","english":"quality","french":"qualité [f.]","description":"جودة مُنتج أو أداء أو ما إلى ذلك.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105938"},{"id":105939,"arabic":"نِظام مُراقَبة الجودة","english":"quality control system","french":"système de contrôle de la qualité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105939"},{"id":105940,"arabic":"نِصف القُطر الهيدروليّ","english":"radius, hydraulic / mean depth, hydraulic","french":"rayon hydraulique [m.]","description":"مُراقبة وصيانة المجرى المائي من حيث الحالة التي ينبغي أن يكون عليها من الناحية الاقتصادية المائية أو العناية بالتربة. ويندرج تحت ذلك: صيانة سرير المجرى المائي من حيث خواص التدفق الواجب توافرها، وصيانة الأثار البيولوجية، وكذلك حماية وتشكيل الضفة بشكل طبيعي وصيانة المُنشأت البنائية. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105940"},{"id":105941,"arabic":"زيادة عمق المياه المنخفضة","english":"raising of low-water depth","french":"amélioration du niveau d’étiage [f.]","description":"رفع منسوب المياه عن طريق عتبة تُركّب على قاع المجرى المائي أو عن طريق بناء هدّار يرفع مُستوى المياه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105941"},{"id":105942,"arabic":"مُنحدَرات النهر","english":"rapids / cataract","french":"rapide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105942"},{"id":105943,"arabic":"مِنطقة ترْفِيه","english":"recreation area","french":"zone de loisir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105943"},{"id":105944,"arabic":"مدحاة القيصوب","english":"reed roll in wire mesh","french":"fascine de roselière [f.]","description":"مدحاةٌ مُغطاة بضفائر معدنية يصل قطرها إلى حواليّ 40 سم، وتُصْنع من الحصى الخشن، وقطع مكساه بالأعشاب، أو التراب، وحزم القيصوب و/أو أشباه جذوره (الريزوفور). (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105944"},{"id":105945,"arabic":"مَعهَد بُحوث","english":"research institute","french":"institut de recherche [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105945"},{"id":105946,"arabic":"مياه الكسح","english":"rinse water","french":"eau de rinçage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105946"},{"id":105947,"arabic":"عَلامات تَتابُع موجيّ","english":"ripple marks","french":"rides de fond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105947"},{"id":105948,"arabic":"تَتابُع موجيّ","english":"ripples (of water) (pl.) / riffles (of water) (pl.)","french":"frisottements de l'eau (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105948"},{"id":105949,"arabic":"مُنشأ حماية القاع","english":"river bottom protection structure","french":"ouvrage de stabilisation du lit","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105949"},{"id":105950,"arabic":"إمكانية التغلغل الجذري","english":"rootability; root penetration capability","french":"résistance à la pénétration de racines [f.]","description":"العُمق الذي يمكن أن يصل إليه جذر النبات في التربة  دون الحاجة لتنفيذ ترتيبات معينة، وفي ظروف التربة المُعتادة (إمكانية التغلغل الجذري الكامنة)، وذلك لتحديد خواص منطقة الجذور. رمز المُعادلات: p\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105950"},{"id":105951,"arabic":"أحجار رَصف خشنة","english":"rough sett paving","french":"pavage brut [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105951"},{"id":105952,"arabic":"حتّ عاديّ","english":"scour, normal","french":"affouillement normal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105952"},{"id":105953,"arabic":"نَقْل الرُّسابة","english":"sediment charge; sediment discharge","french":"guidage des particules en suspension [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105953"},{"id":105954,"arabic":"مُنْحَنى بَيانِيٌّ للمجروفات الصُّلبة","english":"sediment runoff curve","french":"courbe de guidage des éboulis et fines décantables [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105954"},{"id":105955,"arabic":"ضاغِط التسرُّب","english":"seepage head","french":"charge d’infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105955"},{"id":105956,"arabic":"سُرعة التسرُّب","english":"seepage velocity","french":"vitesse d’infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105956"},{"id":105957,"arabic":"تنظيف ذاتيّ","english":"self-cleansing","french":"auto-curage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105957"},{"id":105958,"arabic":"تَنقِية ذاتية في أحواض مائية","english":"self-purification of surface waters","french":"auto épuration des eaux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105958"},{"id":105959,"arabic":"سَعَة التنقية الذاتية","english":"self-purifying capacity","french":"capacité d'auto-épuration [f.]","description":"مقدرة قناة صرف على تنقية نفسها ذاتياً (طبيعياً) من الملوّثات. 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(DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105978"},{"id":105979,"arabic":"مَجرى مائيّ سطحيّ","english":"surface receiving water","french":"milieu récepteur de surface [m.]","description":"مجرى مائي فوق سطح الأرض، نهر أو بحيرة أو بحر مثلاً. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105979"},{"id":105980,"arabic":"حالة المياه السطحية","english":"surface water status","french":"état des eaux de surface [m.]","description":"التسمية الشاملة لحالة مجرى مائيّ سطحيّ على أساس أردأ قيمة لكل من حالته الأيكولوجية والكيميائية. (دليل الاتحاد الأوروبيّ عن إطار العمل في مجال المياه: 2000 (EC-WRRL))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105980"},{"id":105981,"arabic":"سماد تجاري","english":"synthetic fertilizer","french":"engrais synthétique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105981"},{"id":105982,"arabic":"تلوُّث حراريّ للمجاري المائية","english":"thermal pollution of watercourses","french":"réchauffement des cours d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105982"},{"id":105983,"arabic":"طريق المد","english":"tideway","french":"chenal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105983"},{"id":105984,"arabic":"قاع أوسط","english":"topset bed","french":"couche fluviale; couche sommitale","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105984"},{"id":105985,"arabic":"سيل","english":"torrent","french":"torrent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105985"},{"id":105986,"arabic":"سَيْل","english":"torrent","french":"torrent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105986"},{"id":105987,"arabic":"مُعدّل التبخّر الكليّ","english":"total evaporation loss","french":"niveau d'évaporation [m.]","description":"المقنن المائي للبخر الأرضي أو تبخر المُسطّحات المائية في منطقة مُعينة. ويتم التعبير عنه بمستوى ارتفاع المياه عن سطح أفقي مُعين. رمز المُعادلات: v\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105987"},{"id":105988,"arabic":"اختبار السُمّيّة الدينامي","english":"toxicity test, dynamic / toxicity test, flow-through","french":"essai dynamique de toxicité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105988"},{"id":105989,"arabic":"مَسار","english":"trace","french":"trace [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105989"},{"id":105990,"arabic":"عنصر نادر","english":"trace element (pl.); secondary element (pl.); minor element (pl.)","french":"oligo-élément [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105990"},{"id":105991,"arabic":"مُقتَفِ كيميائيٌّ","english":"tracer, chemical","french":"traceur, chimique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105991"},{"id":105992,"arabic":"مياه بينية","english":"transitional waters (pl.)","french":"eaux de transition (pl.) 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(انظر: تَدفُّق، [سَرَيان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103292)) (DIN EN 1085 (5/2007","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105993"},{"id":105994,"arabic":"تيار العكر","english":"turbidity current","french":"courant de turbidité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105994"},{"id":105995,"arabic":"تيارات العَكَر المتخللة","english":"turbidity current, interflow","french":"courant de turbidité pénétrant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105995"},{"id":105996,"arabic":"تيارات العَكَر السفليّ الهابطة البطيئة","english":"turbidity current, underflow settling type","french":"courant de turbidité, à abaissement lent, submergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105996"},{"id":105997,"arabic":"تيارات العَكَر السفليّ المتدفقة","english":"turbidity current, underflowing","french":"courant de turbidité submergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105997"},{"id":105998,"arabic":"تيارات العَكَر الغاطسة السريعة","english":"underflow plunging type turbidity current","french":"courant de turbidité, à abaissement rapide, submergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105998"},{"id":105999,"arabic":"تَطايُرِية (كيمياء)","english":"volatility","french":"volatilité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105999"},{"id":106000,"arabic":"إدارة المُسطحات المائية","english":"water management","french":"exploitation de cours d’eau [f.]","description":"تنسيق الانتفاع بالمياه وفقاً لمُتطلبات وإمكانيات الاستخدام طبقاً لأهداف إدارة المياه مع مُراعاة اشتراطات التوازن البيئي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106000"},{"id":106001,"arabic":"تَلَوُّث المياه","english":"water pollution","french":"pollution de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106001"},{"id":106002,"arabic":"نوعية الماء","english":"water quality","french":"qualité de l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106002"},{"id":106003,"arabic":"فئة نوعية المياه","english":"water quality class","french":"catégorie de qualité d’eau [f.]","description":"مجموعة الخواص التي تُحدد تصنيف نوعية المياه وفقاً للمنصوص عليه في المواصفات. (DIN 4049-2:1990)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106003"},{"id":106004,"arabic":"إدارة نوعية المياه","english":"water quality management","french":"gestion de la qualité des eaux [f.]","description":"التنظيم الهادف الذي يأخذ في الاعتبار كافة التأثيرات البشرية على خواص المياه. (انظر: [إدارة نوعية المياه](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106004)) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106004"},{"id":106005,"arabic":"إدارة جودة المياه","english":"water quality management","french":"gestion de la qualité des eaux [f.] / conduite de qualité des eaux [f.]","description":"(انظر: رابط : إدارة نوعية المياه)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106005"},{"id":106006,"arabic":"مياه متوسطة التغذية","english":"water, mesotrophic","french":"eau mésotrophe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106006"},{"id":106007,"arabic":"ماء جارٍ","english":"water, running","french":"eau, courante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106007"},{"id":106008,"arabic":"مياه حرارية","english":"water, thermal","french":"eau thermale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106008"},{"id":106009,"arabic":"خريطة نوعية المُسطحات المائية","english":"waters quality map","french":"inventaire de qualité des eaux de surface [m.]","description":"عرض خرائطي للمجاري المائية طبقاً لتقسيمها من حيث درجة جودتها. (DIN 4049-2:1990)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106009"},{"id":106010,"arabic":"تَسرّب من فاصل مائي","english":"watershed leakage","french":"fuites d'un bassin versant","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106010"},{"id":106011,"arabic":"تسرب مياه المستجمع","english":"watershed leakage","french":"mélange des bassins hydrologiques [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106011"},{"id":106012,"arabic":"مَمر مائيّ","english":"waterway","french":"voie d'eau","description":"1. طريق مائي أو قناة مائية أو عرض المجرى الملاحي لقناة. 2. مقدار الفتحة التي تمر منها المياه بين الدعامات الوسطى أو الجانبية. 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(DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106172"},{"id":106173,"arabic":"اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة بشأن الأراضي الرطبة ذات الأهمية الدولية (اتفاقية رامسار)","english":"the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention)","french":"Convention relative aux zones humides d'importance internationale (Convention de Ramsar) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106173"},{"id":106174,"arabic":"اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لعام 1997 حول استخدامات المجاري المائية الدولية في الأغراض غير الملاحية","english":"The 1997 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses","french":"Convention des Nations-Unies sur le droit relatif aux utilisations des cours d'eau internationaux à des fins autres que la navigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106174"},{"id":106175,"arabic":"دولة مُجاورة تسري فيها مجاري مائية مُشتركة","english":"transboundary water course state","french":"état riverain à cours d'eau transfrontaliers [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106175"},{"id":106176,"arabic":"اتفاقية عام 1992 الصادرة عن اللجنة الاقتصادية لأوربا التابعة للأمم المتحدة حول حماية واستخدام المجاري المائية العابرة للحدود والبحيرات الدولية (اتفاقية المياه 1992)","english":"UNECE Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Water Convention 1992)","french":"Convention de l'UNECE sur la Protection et l'Utilisation des Cours d'eau Transfrontaliers et des lacs Internationaux (Convention sur l'eau) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106176"},{"id":106177,"arabic":"اتفاقِية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة التَصَحُّر","english":"United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification","french":"Convention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la désertification [f.]","description":"(انظر: اِتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمُكافحة التَصَحُّر)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106177"},{"id":106178,"arabic":"قانون رسوم الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater charges act / wastewater levy law","french":"loi sur les redevances des eaux résiduaires / des eaux usées [f.]","description":"ينص قانون رسوم الصرف الصحي الساري في ألمانيا على وجوب دفع المُشاركين في إنتاج مياه الصرف الصحي الملوّثة (الأحياء، والبلديات، والأنشطة الصناعية) لرسوم مُعينة. وتتعين قيمة هذه الرسوم تبعاً لدرجة تلوّث مياه الصرف، حيث تُستخدم الأموال المُحصّلة من خلال هذه الرسوم لتنفيذ أعمال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي وتحسين إجراءات موازنتها. وتتمثل أعمال تجنّب تكوّن مياه الصرف الصحي على سبيل المثال في تطبيق طريق الإنتاج الموفرة في استخدام المياه أو تلك التي لا ينتج عنها مياه صرف سوى بكميات قليلة أو لا ينتج عنها مياه صرف تماماً. أمّا أعمال تحسين إجراءات موازنة مياه الصرف فتتمثل على سبيل المثال في تطبيق خطوات عمل أكثر تقدّماً في عمليات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106178"},{"id":106179,"arabic":"مياه إطفاء الحرائق","english":"water for fire fighting","french":"eau à éteindre l'incendie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106179"},{"id":106180,"arabic":"حَقُّ استخدام المياه","english":"water law","french":"droit d’utilisation de l’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106180"},{"id":106181,"arabic":"حَقّ اِرْتِفَاق مائيّ دولي","english":"water law, international","french":"loi sur l'eau, internationale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106181"},{"id":106182,"arabic":"سياسة مائية مُتكاملة","english":"water policies, integrated","french":"politique dans le domaine de l'eau, intégrale [f.]","description":"سياسة مُتكاملة لإدارة كافة المُجسّمات المائية الموجودة في حوض نهرٍ ما، بما في ذلك شبكات الصرف الصحيّ العمومية. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106182"},{"id":106183,"arabic":"حَق مياه مَهْجُور","english":"water right, abandoned","french":"droit de prélèvement des eaux, renonciation au) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106183"},{"id":106184,"arabic":"حَقّ اِرْتِفَاق مائيّ عام","english":"water right, general","french":"loi sur l'eau, générale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106184"},{"id":106185,"arabic":"حَق المُشَاطِئ على المياه","english":"water right, riparian","french":"droit de prélèvement des eaux (pour le riverains) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106185"},{"id":106186,"arabic":"حَقّ اِرْتِفَاق مائيّ رَاشِد","english":"water right, senior","french":"loi sur l'eau, prioritaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106186"},{"id":106187,"arabic":"خصخصة المجاري المائية","english":"water, privatisation of","french":"privatisation de cours d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106187"},{"id":106188,"arabic":"دولة مُجاورة","english":"watercourse state","french":"état riverain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106188"},{"id":106189,"arabic":"لجنة السدود العالمية","english":"world commission on dams","french":"commission mondiale des barrages [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106189"},{"id":106190,"arabic":"حساب الاستهلاك","english":"write-off","french":"amortissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106190"},{"id":106191,"arabic":"نمو البكتيريا والميكروبات","english":"bacterial aftergrowth / microbial growth","french":"reviviscence microbienne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106191"},{"id":106192,"arabic":"مياه صالحة الشُرْب","english":"drinking water / potable water","french":"eau potable [f.]","description":"مياه صالحة للاستخدام الآدمي وفقاً للاشتراطات التي تقرّها الهيئات الوطنية المُختصة. 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(DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106193"},{"id":106194,"arabic":"راشِح الضِّفَّة","english":"bank filtrate","french":"filtrat de rivière [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106194"},{"id":106195,"arabic":"مُقايَسَةٌ بَيولوجيَّة","english":"bioassay","french":"essai biologique [m.]","description":"طريقة لتحديد المُعالجة الفعّالة بالأشعة فوق البنفسجية (UV) في نظام يعمل بهذه الأشعة، مع استخدام أحياء اختبار مُعيَّرة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106195"},{"id":106196,"arabic":"مصرف ذو مصفاة","english":"bowl, filter","french":"bouchon filtre","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106196"},{"id":106197,"arabic":"حمأة التخلص من الكربون","english":"calcium carbonate sludge / decarbonising sludge","french":"boue de décarbonatation [f.]","description":"الحمأة المتكوِّنة من عملية تيسير (إزالة عُسر) الماء المُحتوي على نسبة عالية من كربونات الكالسيوم. (انظر: حمأة كربونات الكالسيوم) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106197"},{"id":106198,"arabic":"كَلْوَرَة","english":"chlorination","french":"chloration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106198"},{"id":106199,"arabic":"محطة كَلْوَرة","english":"chlorinator","french":"distributeur de chlore [m.]","description":"محطة لحقن كميات معيَّرة من غاز الكلور في المياه الجاريّ مُعالجتها. 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(Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106213"},{"id":106214,"arabic":"نِظام إزالة السموم","english":"detoxification system/plant","french":"installation de désintoxication [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106214"},{"id":106215,"arabic":"وسيلة تعقيم","english":"disinfectant","french":"désinfectant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106215"},{"id":106216,"arabic":"خَط توزيع","english":"distribution main","french":"conduite de distribution","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106216"},{"id":106217,"arabic":"خَطُّ الإمداد بالمياه","english":"distribution main / distribution pipe","french":"conduite de distribution (d'approvisionnement) / ligne d'alimentation","description":"خط الإمداد بالمياه الذي يصل الخط الرئيسي بخط التوصيل إلى المُستهلك. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106217"},{"id":106218,"arabic":"صنبور تصريف","english":"drain cock / sludge cock / screw-down bibcock / blow-off cock","french":"robinet d'écoulement / robinet de vidange [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106218"},{"id":106219,"arabic":"جزء من تجهيزة الإمداد بمياه الشرب","english":"drinking water installation component","french":"composant pour installation d'eau potable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106219"},{"id":106220,"arabic":"قَانون مياه الشُرْب","english":"drinking water ordinance","french":"décret sur l'eau potable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106220"},{"id":106221,"arabic":"مَرْفِق تدبير مياه الشُرْب","english":"drinking water procurement facility","french":"installation de production d’eau potable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106221"},{"id":106222,"arabic":"محبس أنبوب مياه الشُرب","english":"drinking water valve","french":"robinetterie d’eau potable [f.]","description":"تجهيزة في الأنابيب، تتمثل وظيفتها في تنظيم التيار المُتدفق ودرجة الضغط، وكذلك حجز أو إتاحة مرور هذا التيار، مثل المحابس والمُنظّمات (مَحبس، صمام، صنبور، صمام مرتد)، وصمامات تقليل الضغط، وصمامات التهوية وتنفيس الهواء، والصمامات اللارجعية، ومحابس المياه الموجودة بالأماكن العامة. 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(DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106245"},{"id":106246,"arabic":"كَلْوَرَة قَبْلِية","english":"prechlorination","french":"préchloration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106246"},{"id":106247,"arabic":"منطقة ضغْط","english":"pressure zone","french":"zone de pression [f.]","description":"منطقة ذات قيم ضغطية قصوى مُختلفة داخل نظم للإمداد بالمياه. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106247"},{"id":106248,"arabic":"مياه غير صالحة للشرب","english":"process water; industrial water","french":"eau d'usage [f.]; eau non-potable","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106248"},{"id":106249,"arabic":"كِفَاف","english":"profile line","french":"profil du terrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106249"},{"id":106250,"arabic":"إجماليّ الكلور المتبقي","english":"residual chlorine / residual chlorine, total","french":"chlore résiduel, intégral [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106250"},{"id":106251,"arabic":"أنبوب توصيل","english":"service pipe / domestic mains","french":"conduite de branchement / conduite de raccordement [f.]","description":"أنبوب توصيل تُوَصِّل خط الإمداد مع نقطة تحويل أو مع محبس.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106251"},{"id":106252,"arabic":"خزان ماء","english":"service reservoir","french":"réservoir de service [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106252"},{"id":106253,"arabic":"حَمْأَة محطة المياه","english":"sludge, waterworks","french":"boues de traitement de l'eau [f.]","description":"الحمأة المُتشكلة عند مُعالجة مياه الشرب ومُعالجة مياه الأغراض الصناعية. ويندرج تحتها الحمأة المُتشكلة من الطفو، والتخثُّر، والترسيب، والترشيح. (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106253"},{"id":106254,"arabic":"تيسير الماء","english":"softening (of water)","french":"adoucissement (de l'eau) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106254"},{"id":106255,"arabic":"عملية إنتاج نوعية","english":"specific production process","french":"processus spécifique de fabrication","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106255"},{"id":106256,"arabic":"قوة الانضغاط","english":"strength, crushing","french":"résistance à l'écrasement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106256"},{"id":106257,"arabic":"مياه الصنبور","english":"supply water / tap water","french":"eau de distribution [f.] / eau du robinet [f.]","description":"المياه المُتاحة للاستخدام في الشبكات العامة للإمداد بالمياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106257"},{"id":106258,"arabic":"إمداد وسطيّ","english":"supply, mean / supply, average","french":"alimentation, moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106258"},{"id":106259,"arabic":"طريقة الشطف بالدفقات","english":"surge flush method; process","french":"procédé de curage par pulsion [m.]","description":"(انظر: فَلْوَرة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106259"},{"id":106260,"arabic":"شَطْف بالدفقات","english":"surge flushing","french":"curage par jet sous pression [m.]; chasse [f.]","description":"إضافة الفلوريد إلى مياه الشرب، مثلاً. (انظر: معاملة بالفلوريت)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106260"},{"id":106261,"arabic":"خَط النَقْل الرئيسيّ","english":"transmission main","french":"ligne de transport","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106261"},{"id":106262,"arabic":"طريقة مُعالَجة","english":"treatment process / preparation process","french":"procédé de traitement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106262"},{"id":106263,"arabic":"أنبوب السحب","english":"trunk main","french":"conduite d'adduction [f.]","description":"قناة أو أنبوب مياه يربط بين منطقة/مناطق قطف المياه و/أو محطة/محطات مُعالجة المياه و/أو خزان/خزانات المياه و/أو منطقة/مناطق الإمداد بالمياه، ويكون ذلك عادةً مع عدم وجود وصلة مُباشرة إلى المُستهلك. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106263"},{"id":106264,"arabic":"وحدة الاحتياجات المائية","english":"unit water requirement","french":"besoin en eau unitaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106264"},{"id":106265,"arabic":"استهلاك","english":"use / consumption","french":"consommation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106265"},{"id":106266,"arabic":"قطف المياه","english":"water catchment","french":"captage de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106266"},{"id":106267,"arabic":"إيراد مائيّ فعليّ","english":"water income, actual","french":"ressources disponibles en eau, réelles (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106267"},{"id":106268,"arabic":"تنقية المياه كميائياً","english":"water preparation, chemical","french":"traitement chimique de l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106268"},{"id":106269,"arabic":"مَصادِر المياه","english":"water resources","french":"ressources en eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106269"},{"id":106270,"arabic":"حَمْأَة كربونات الكالسيوم","english":"water softening sludge","french":"boue de décarbonatation [f.]","description":"الحمأة الناجمة عن إزالة عُسر المياه الحاوية على نسبة عالية من كربونات الكالسيوم. (انظر: حَمْأَة إزالة الكربون) (DIN EN 12832 (11/1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106270"},{"id":106271,"arabic":"نِظام تيسير الماء","english":"water softening system/plant","french":"installation d'adoucissement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106271"},{"id":106272,"arabic":"استعمال مائيّ فَعّال","english":"water use, effective","french":"consommation d’eau, réelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106272"},{"id":106273,"arabic":"خدمات متعلقة بالمياه","english":"water-related services","french":"prestations de services relatives à l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106273"},{"id":106274,"arabic":"محطة مياه","english":"waterworks","french":"station / système hydraulique [f.]","description":"وحدة تشغيل، يُمكن أن تتكوّن غالباً من منظومات قطف المياه وإعدادها والإمداد بها وتخزينها. وهنا يُمكن - في حالة مُنشآت المياه - أن يرتبط الأمر بالمكان الفيزيائيّ، الذي تُستخرج منه المياه (مثال: ينابيع، آبار) و/ أو تُعدًّ فيه (مثال: إزالة الحموضة، التعقيم، خلط المياه بهدف تحسين جودتها) و/ أو الذي يتم فيه الإمداد بالمياه (مثال: محطات الضخ) و/ أو تُخزن فيه (مثال: صهريج علويّ، صهريج سُفليّ). ومن مُنشأة المياه يتم إمداد المُستهلك بمياه الشرب والمياه المستعملة في الأغراض الصناعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106274"},{"id":106275,"arabic":"ضغط التشغيل","english":"working pressure; operating pressure","french":"pression de service [f.]; pression de fonctionnement [f.]","description":"الضغط الداخلي الذي يحدث في لحظة معينة وموضع معين داخل نظام الإمداد بالمياه. الاختصار: OP. 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كبيرا خلال السنوات الماضية كلبنات بناء وظيفية من الأغشية الجزيئية الحيوية لتحلية المياه وإعادة استخدامها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106415"},{"id":106416,"arabic":"غشاء غشاء حيوي محاكي رفيع جدا","english":"biomimetic ultra-thin membrane","french":"membrane ultra-mince biomimétique","description":"الأغشية الجزيئية الحيوية تتضمن العناصر البيولوجية أو تقترض مفاهيم أو أفكار من النظم البيولوجية. ويمكن لهذه الأغشية الاستفادة من الاستراتيجيات المستوحاة من تطور الطبيعة على مدى ملايير السنين لتحسين كفاءة النقل والخصوصية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106416"},{"id":106417,"arabic":"غشاء ثنائي القطب","english":"bipolar membrane","french":"membrane bipolaire","description":"غشاء ثنائي القطب (BM) هو نوع من غشاء التكوين يتكون على الأقل من بنية التبادل الأيوني الطبقات تتألف من غشاء انتقائي الموجبة (مع رسوم ثابتة السلبية) وغشاء انتقائي أنيون (مع رسوم ثابتة إيجابية).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106417"},{"id":106418,"arabic":"فلتر بيرم","english":"birm filter","french":"filtre birm","description":"بيرم هو مختصر ل 'طريقة إزالة برجس الحديد'، مرشح بيرم المعدني عن طريق تشريب أملاح المغنزيوم في نواة مصنوعة من سيليكات الألومنيوم. هذه الرقائق هي حبيبات سوداء اللون وكثيفة نسبيا. و مرشحات بيرم وسيلة فعالة جدا لإزالة الحديد والمنغنيز.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106418"},{"id":106419,"arabic":"أنابيب النانو نيتريد البورون","english":"boron nitride nanotubes","french":"nitrure de bore de nanotubes","description":"الأنابيب النانوية نيتريد البورون (BNNTs) هي المفصصة من نيتريد البورون. تم توقعها عام 1994 واكتشفت بالتجربة في عام 1995. تتشابه هيكليا مع أنابيب الكربون، التي هي أسطوانات بأقطار شبه ميكرومتر وطول ميكرومتر، إلا أن ذرات الكربون يتم استبدالها بالتناوب  بالنيتروجين وذرات البورون. ومع ذلك، فإن خصائص الأنابيب النانوية BN مختلفة جدا: في حين أن أنابيب الكربون النانوية يمكن أن تكون معدنية أو شبه موصلة اعتمادا على اتجاه المتداول و قطرها، فإن أنابيب BN هي عازلة كهربائيا مع فجوة الحزمة من ~ 5.5 فولت، مستقلة أساسا من شرليتي أنبوب و التشكل. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، بنية BN الطبقية هي أكثر من ذلك بكثير حراريا ومستقرة كيميائيا من هيكل الكربون غرافيتي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106419"},{"id":106420,"arabic":"إزالة العناصر غير المعدنية","english":"boron removal","french":"élimination du bore","description":"البورون (أو اختصاراً البور) هو عنصر كيميائي له الرمز B والعدد الذرّي 5. يقع البورون ضمن عناصر الدورة الثانية وعلى رأس المجموعة الثالثة عشر في الجدول الدوري وذلك كعنصر مجموعة رئيسي، حيث أنّ مجموعته تسمّى باسمه، مجموعة البورون. إنّ عنصر البورون بشكله الفلزّي الحرّ عبارة عن شبه فلز قليل الوفرة في الكون وعلى سطح الأرض، وغالباً ما يوجد متّحداً مع الأكسجين على شكل معادن البورات مثل البورق. لا يوجد البورون بشكل حرّ في الطبيعة، كما يصعب إنتاجه بالشكل النقي صناعياً لتشكيله مواداً حراريّة. هناك عدّة متآصلات للبورون، فالشكل اللابلّوري عبارة عن مسحوق بنّي، في حين أنّ البورون البلّوري عبارة عن مادة صلبة سوداء اللون وقاسية، ذات موصلية كهربائيّة رديئة. إزالة البورون هي عملية تهدف إلى تقليص تركيز البورون في مياه الشرب المنتجة إلى أقل من 0.5 ميليغرام حسب توصيات المنظمة العالمية للصحة، لأنه أكثر من ذلك قد تشكل خطرا على صحة الإنسان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106420"},{"id":106421,"arabic":"أغشية الماء المسوس أو الأخضم","english":"brackish water membrane","french":"membrane pour les eaux saumâtres","description":"أغشية المياه القليلة الملوحة تستخدم لتحلية المياه القليلة الملوحة، و نجد في السوق أغشية المياه المالحة مثل سلسلة داو Filmtec BW30 وسلسلة Hydranautics CPA5 التي تم تصميمها لتقديم نتائج ممتازة لنزع المعدنيات أو الأيونات أحادية التكافؤ من المياه المعتدلة الملوحة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106421"},{"id":106422,"arabic":"محطة تحليل المياه المسوسة بالتناضح العكسي","english":"brackish Water RO Plant","french":"station RO pour les eaux saumâtres","description":"تتكون من وحدة تحلية تناضح عكسي واحدة أو أكثر (لإنتاج كمية أكبر من الماء)، تمون بمياه قليلة أو متواضعة الملوحة (بئر مثلا)..","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106422"},{"id":106423,"arabic":"نُقْط الفُقَّاعَة","english":"bubble point","french":"point de bulle","description":"نقطة الفقاقيع في الكيمياء: عند تسخين سائل مكون من مكونين أو أكثر، تكون نقطة الفقاقيع هي درجة الحرارة التي يبدأ فيها تكون فقاقيع بخارية. ونظراً لأن البخار المتكون سيكون مختلفاً في تكوينه عن تكوين السائل، تظهر نقطة الفقاقيع وكذلك نقطة التكثف مختلفة باختلاف تكوين السائل المخلوط. وتلعب تلك المعلومات دوراً هاماً عند تصميم أنظمة التقطير. بالنسبة إلى السوائل النقية تتطابق نقطة الفقاقيع و نقطة التكثف مع نقطة الغليان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106423"},{"id":106424,"arabic":"احتمالات ترسب كربونات الكالسيوم","english":"calciun carbonate scaling potential","french":"potentiel de sédimentation du Carbonate de calcium","description":"احتمالات تشكل نطاق كربونات الكالسيوم (كربونات الكالسيوم CaCO3)، التي تعد واحدة من المكونات الرئيسية للنطاق الذي تواجهه عادة الصناعات الكيماوية وما يتصل بها. و تترسب كربونات الكالسيوم غالبا على نطاق واسع على المعدات وقطع الغيار، مما يتسبب في صعوبات تشغيلية كبيرة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106424"},{"id":106425,"arabic":"إزالة الأيونات بالسعة","english":"capacitive deionization","french":"désionisation capacitive","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106425"},{"id":106426,"arabic":"أنابيب الكربون النانوية","english":"carbon nanotubes","french":"nanotubes en carbone","description":"الأنابيب النانوية الكربونية (بالإنجليزية: Carbon Nanotube؛ والمعروفة أيضاً بمصطلح: Buckytubes) هي متآصلات كربونية ذات تركيبات نانوية أسطوانية الشكل. ويُلاحظ أن نسبة طول الأنابيب النانوية الكربونية إلى قطرها تصل إلى 132,000,000 : 1","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106426"},{"id":106427,"arabic":"مرشحات لفائفية","english":"cartridge 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(انظر: إطماء). (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106957"},{"id":106958,"arabic":"إطماء","english":"aggradation; silting-up; siltation","french":"comblement [m.]","description":"(انظر: إطماء)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106958"},{"id":106959,"arabic":"تكييف المناخ","english":"air conditioning","french":"climatisation [f.]","description":"تهيئة المُناخيات الصغرى في المزارع عن طريق الريّ. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106959"},{"id":106960,"arabic":"صِمام هواء","english":"air relief valve / air valve","french":"ventouse [f.] / soupape d'aération [f.] / purgeur d'air [m.]","description":"أيُّ صمام من الصمامات التي تُركّب في النقاط العُليا من خطوط الأنابيب الرئيسية الطويلة نسبياً لتلافي تجمّع الهواء. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106960"},{"id":106961,"arabic":"مقدار التحميل المسموح به (ضغط التربة المسموح به)","english":"allowance bearing value","french":"capacité de charge admissible (pression au sol autorisée) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106961"},{"id":106962,"arabic":"نبع حدي","english":"alluvial-slope spring; border spring; contact spring","french":"source d’émergence [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106962"},{"id":106963,"arabic":"نَبْع مَيْل رسوبيّ","english":"alluvial-slope spring; spring border","french":"source de cône de déjection alluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106963"},{"id":106964,"arabic":"سَدُّ 'أمبورسن'","english":"Ambursen dam / flat slab buttress dam","french":"barrage Ambursen [m.]","description":"سد ينشأ عادة من الخرسانة المسلحة ويتكون أساساً من بلاطات مرتكزة على دعامات عرضية وتتلقى البلاطات الاحتمال التي تنتقل إلى الأساسات من خلال دعامات التثبيت، وسُمي على اسم المهندس السويدي نيلس أمبورسن Nils Ambursen.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106964"},{"id":106965,"arabic":"بوابة 'أميل'/ بوابة 'أفيو' (إنتاج شركة نيربيك)","english":"AMIL gate / AVIO gate / AVIS gate","french":"vanne Avio/AMIL [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106965"},{"id":106966,"arabic":"فَيَضان سنويّ","english":"annual flood","french":"crue annuelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106966"},{"id":106967,"arabic":"كثافة سنوية للريّ","english":"annual irrigation intensity","french":"intensité d’irrigation annuelle","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106967"},{"id":106968,"arabic":"نَمطُ الصرف الحلقيّ","english":"annular drainage pattern","french":"canalisation annulaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106968"},{"id":106969,"arabic":"نَقْل مياه الصرف الصحيّ إلى التُربة","english":"application of sewage to soil","french":"épandage des eaux usées sur le sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106969"},{"id":106970,"arabic":"علم بيئة المُسطحات المائية","english":"aquatic ecology","french":"écologie aquatique [f.]","description":"خط أنابيب يتفرّع من الخط الرئيسي ويُغذي الخطوط الفرعية الحاملة للرشاشات. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106970"},{"id":106971,"arabic":"قناة مائية (محمولة)","english":"aqueduct","french":"aqueduc [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106971"},{"id":106972,"arabic":"سد عقدي","english":"arch dam","french":"barrage voûte [m.]","description":"سد تثاقلي، يتم تثبيته وتأمينه أساساً بفعل شكله المقوّس الذي ينقل القوى إلى جانبيّ الوادي. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106972"},{"id":106973,"arabic":"سَدٌّ بنائي مقوَّس","english":"arch dam / dam, arched","french":"barrage voûte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106973"},{"id":106974,"arabic":"سد عقدى متوالى","english":"arch dam in series","french":"barrage voûte à étages [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106974"},{"id":106975,"arabic":"سَدّ تثاقليّ أُسطوانيّ","english":"arch dam, constant radius","french":"barrage à cylindres [m.]","description":"سدٌ معقود، تتساوى فيه أنصاف الأقطار لانحناءات كافة قطاعاته الأفقية المواجهة للمياه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106975"},{"id":106976,"arabic":"سد تثاقليّ عقديّ","english":"arch gravity dam","french":"barrage poids-voûte [m.]","description":"سد عقديّ، يتم تثبيته وتأمينه بفعل ثِقله وشكله المقوّس الذي ينقل القوى إلى جانبيّ الوادي. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106976"},{"id":106977,"arabic":"سَدٌّ منحني تثاقليّ","english":"arch-gravity dam","french":"barrage poids-voûte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106977"},{"id":106978,"arabic":"مِنطقة تتطلَّب الريّ","english":"area demanding irrigation","french":"surface devant être irriguée [f.]","description":"المناطق التي لا يمكن أن ينمو فيها محصول مُعين إلا بريّها. ويتم تحديد مساحة هذه المناطق التي تحتاج للري بوحدة الهكتار. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106978"},{"id":106979,"arabic":"مِنطقة جديرة بإنشاء شبكة صرف بها","english":"area feasible for drainage","french":"surface pouvant être drainée [f.]","description":"أيٌّ من المناطق التي تحتاج لشبكات صرف، حيث يكون الصرف فيها مُتعلقاً بناحية تشغيلية أو اقتصادية. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106979"},{"id":106980,"arabic":"مِنطقة جديرة بالريّ","english":"area feasible for irrigation","french":"surface pouvant être irriguée [f.]","description":"أيٌّ من المناطق التي تتطلب الري أو تكون قابلة للري، حيث يكون الري في هذه الحالة مفيداً من الناحية الاقتصادية والتشغيلية. ويتم تحديد مساحة مثل هذه المناطق التي تحتاج للري بوحدة الهكتار. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106980"},{"id":106981,"arabic":"تصريف كامل المقطع","english":"area flowing full","french":"écoulement à plein débit [m.]","description":"حالة التصريف التي تملأ فيها المياه مقطعاً عرضياً كاملاً للمجرى، وتكاد تفيض على ضفتيه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106981"},{"id":106982,"arabic":"مِنطقة قابلة لإنشاء شبكة صرف بها","english":"area, drainable","french":"surface drainable [f.]","description":"مكوِّن ضخم في مُنشآت الريّ الرئيسية، يكون إمّا مُزوداً بممر تفتيش أو لا، و يعمل على وصل وسائل منع التسرّب الداخلية والخارجية بالأساسات. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106982"},{"id":106983,"arabic":"منطقة غير منفِذة","english":"area, non pervious","french":"surface, imperméable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106983"},{"id":106984,"arabic":"تصريف أرتوازيْ","english":"artesian flow","french":"écoulement artésien [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106984"},{"id":106985,"arabic":"ينبوع إرتوازيّ","english":"artesian spring","french":"source, artésienne [f.]","description":"ينبوع صاعد ينبثق ماؤه من الطبقة المحصورة الحاملة للمياه الجوفية. ويكون مُستوى الضغط في الطبقة الارتوازية الحاملة للمياه أكبر من المسافة إلى السطح العلويّ للأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106985"},{"id":106986,"arabic":"مياه اِرْتِوازية","english":"artesian water","french":"eau artésienne [f.]","description":"(انظر: مياه أرتوازية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106986"},{"id":106987,"arabic":"بئر ارتوازية","english":"artesian well","french":"puits artésien [m.]","description":"بئرٌ تستقبل المياه الارتوازية والمياه الارتوازية الأرضية. وهي تصل إليها المياه الجوفية العميقة المحصورة، ويخرج منها الماء تلقائياً (وأحياناً لفترات زمنية معينة). (انظر: بئر متدفقة) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106987"},{"id":106988,"arabic":"سعة بئر ارتوازية","english":"artesian well capacity","french":"débit d’un puits artésien [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106988"},{"id":106989,"arabic":"اتحاد صِيَانة الحواجز","english":"association for dike maintenance; dike maintenance association","french":"association pour l'entretien des digues [f.]","description":"رابطة مكونة من أصحاب أراضي المحميات في منطقة السد، وهم مسؤولون عن صيانة السد وحمايته. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106989"},{"id":106990,"arabic":"رأس جاذبة","english":"attracting groyne","french":"oblique [f.]","description":"ألسنة ومصدات أمواج، تتجه من خط الشاطئ بزاوية مقدارها حوالي 70° نحو تدفق المجرى المائيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106990"},{"id":106991,"arabic":"رأس جاذبة","english":"attracting groyne","french":"plate-forme [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106991"},{"id":106992,"arabic":"بوابة مائلة","english":"automatic flap gate / tilting gate","french":"vanne à basculement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106992"},{"id":106993,"arabic":"بوابة مائلة","english":"automatic flap gate / tilting gate / hinged-leaf gate","french":"clapet avec charnière [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106993"},{"id":106994,"arabic":"مصراع أوتوماتيّ","english":"automatic shutter","french":"vanne de retenue automatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106994"},{"id":106995,"arabic":"بوابة مَخْلَص أوتوماتية","english":"automatic spillway gate","french":"vanne de déversement de crue, automatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106995"},{"id":106996,"arabic":"حاجِز أوليّ","english":"auxiliary dam / subsidiary dam","french":"contre-barrage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106996"},{"id":106997,"arabic":"جهاز مُساعِد","english":"auxiliary device","french":"appareil auxiliaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106997"},{"id":106998,"arabic":"غِطاء مائيّ طراز السيفون الإضافيّ","english":"auxiliary siphon-type water seal","french":"fermeture hydraulique via siphon auxiliaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106998"},{"id":106999,"arabic":"حاجز المياه المرتدة","english":"backwater dike","french":"digue de retenue [f.]","description":"حاجز في منطقة مصب النهر (الرافد) يتصل بالحاجز الموجود على المجرى الرئيسيّ للنهر (أو حاجز البحر) - ويمتد إلى النهر (الرافد) وعادة ما يكون في اتجاه التيار - بحيث يعمل على منع الفيضانات الناجمة عن المياه المُرتدة. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات، لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106999"},{"id":107000,"arabic":"طول الرُمُوّ","english":"backwater length / length of slope","french":"longueur de retenue [f.]","description":"(انظر: [طول الانحدار](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107730))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107000"},{"id":107001,"arabic":"جدار تهدئة","english":"baffle block","french":"corps perturbateur [m.]","description":"مُنشأة في حوض أو في غرفة التهدئة، تعمل على تحسن عملية تبديد الطاقة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107001"},{"id":107002,"arabic":"غَطاء مائيّ طراز معترض","english":"baffle type water seal","french":"fermeture hydraulique suite à seuil de perturbation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107002"},{"id":107003,"arabic":"خَط تَدَفُّق كنتوريّ","english":"bank line","french":"ligne riveraine [f.]","description":"خط حدّي للمجرى المائي، يكون عادةً عند منسوب مُعين للمياه (عند منسوب متوسط غالباً).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107003"},{"id":107004,"arabic":"رَصْف الضِّفَّة","english":"bank paving","french":"pavage de berge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107004"},{"id":107005,"arabic":"حِماية الضفاف","english":"bank protection","french":"protection couverture de berge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107005"},{"id":107006,"arabic":"حِماية مباشرة للضفاف","english":"bank protection, direct","french":"protection des rives directe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107006"},{"id":107007,"arabic":"ضِفَّة مُعَلاة بسبب التّرسُّبات","english":"bank raised by deposits","french":"elévation de rive [f.]","description":"ارتفاع متزايد طبيعي للضفة بسبب ترسُّب المواد الصلبة عند حدوث الفيضانات. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107007"},{"id":107008,"arabic":"مسيل السد","english":"bank sluice","french":"écluse de barrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107008"},{"id":107009,"arabic":"يفيض على الجانبين (نعت)","english":"bankfull","french":"niveau de débordement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107009"},{"id":107010,"arabic":"مرطم أمواج","english":"bankhead / groyne / spur dike / transverse dike","french":"épi [m.] / brise-lames [m.]","description":"مُنشأة عرضية في مجرى مائيّ تبرز من الضفة وتصل إلى الماء. مرطم الأمواج الصغير يُسمى 'الرأس'.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107010"},{"id":107011,"arabic":"حاجز رسوبيّ","english":"bar (geol.) / ground sill","french":"seuil de base [m.]","description":"في مجال أعمال تحسين وصيانة المجاري المائية، العتبة البارزة فوق القاع، والتي تُستخدم كذلك في رفع منسوب المياه المُنخفضة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107011"},{"id":107012,"arabic":"قنطرة كبرى","english":"barrage","french":"barrage mobile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107012"},{"id":107013,"arabic":"محطة طاقة على قنطرة","english":"barrage power plant","french":"centrale de barrage [f.]","description":"في مجال بناء السدود، هي محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية منشأة على قنطرة سدّ. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107013"},{"id":107014,"arabic":"سد","english":"barrage; dam; embankment; weir","french":"barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107014"},{"id":107015,"arabic":"حاجز","english":"barrier / dam","french":"barrage [m.]","description":"تجهيزة لحجز الماء. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107015"},{"id":107016,"arabic":"سَدٌّ احتجاز","english":"barrier reservoir; dam; barrage","french":"barrage [m.]; réservoir [m.]","description":"سدّ لا يُغلق فقط المقطع العرضي للمجرى المائي، بل يُغلق أيضاً المقطع العرضي للوادي بأكمله. وهو يتكوّن عادةً من كتلة السدّ الرئيسية (المُزوّدة بحوض تخزين) وحواجز أوّلية (المُزوّدة بحوض احتجاز أو حوض تخزين). (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107016"},{"id":107017,"arabic":"بوابة باسكول","english":"bascule gate","french":"fermeture à bascule [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107017"},{"id":107018,"arabic":"مقعد الجسر","english":"baseplate / base plate","french":"plaque d'assise [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107018"},{"id":107019,"arabic":"فَيضان أساسيّ","english":"basic-stage flood","french":"crue de base [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107019"},{"id":107020,"arabic":"نظام الري الحوضي","english":"basin irrigation / basin method of irrigation / irrigation by beds","french":"arrosage par cuvettes [m.]","description":"1- في هندسة الري الزراعي يصف هذا المُصطلح طريقة الري التي يتم من خلالها توصيل المياه لمساحة أفقية من الأرض المُحاطة بسدود منخفضة. (انظر: [ريّ حوضيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102578)) 2- نظام الري التقليدي في جمهورية مصر العربية (تم استبداله الآن بنظام الري المُستديم)، وفيه تُقسّم الأرض بسدود ترابية إلى أحواض تتراوح مساحتها بين 400 إلى 16.000 هكتار. وفي وقت الفيضان يتم تحويل مياه النيل إلى هذه الأحواض عن طريق شبكة قنوات، حيث تُغمر المساحات ذوات ارتفاع من متر إلى مترين وتبقى المياه فيها لمدة 40 إلى 60 يوماً. وعندما يهبط منسوب المياه في النهر هبوطاً كافياً تُصرّف المياه غير المُتبخرة والتي لم تمتصها الأرض إلى النهر مرة أخرى. وبعد ذلك توضع البذور دون إجراء عمليات ري أخرى. وبعد الحصاد تبقى الأرض دون زرع (بور) حتى الموسم التالي. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: (DVWK: 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107020"},{"id":107021,"arabic":"حوض أرْتِوَازِيّ","english":"basin, artesian","french":"bassin artésien [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107021"},{"id":107022,"arabic":"أحواض (ترابيع)","english":"basins","french":"bassins [m.]","description":"مساحات مُستوية أو شبه مُستوية من الأراضي تُحيط بها أخاديد حقلية، وتُطلق إليها المياه حيث تظل ساكنة إلى أن تمتصها التربة. (انظر: [أحواض](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107115))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107022"},{"id":107023,"arabic":"اختبار جودة الصنف","english":"batch release test (BRT)","french":"contrôle d'un lot pour autorisation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107023"},{"id":107024,"arabic":"تكسية وقائية","english":"beaching / beached bank / riprap","french":"empierrement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107024"},{"id":107025,"arabic":"بلوك مُنحدَر","english":"beam splitter","french":"séparateur de faisceau","description":"تجهيزة إسفينية الشكل تُركّب على وَاجِهَة الهَدَّار ناحية الصَبَب أو على نهاية مجرى المُنحدر لتحسين عملية تبديد الطاقة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107025"},{"id":107026,"arabic":"هَدّار ذو بوابتين متحركتين","english":"bear trap weir","french":"barrage-toit [m.]","description":"بوابة أوتوماتية دون مقطع تضييق، توجد في مُنشأة تخزين أو تحكم.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107026"},{"id":107027,"arabic":"حُتات","english":"bed load / debris","french":"débris [m.]","description":"المواد الصلبة التي تتحرّك على قاع المجرى المائي. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107027"},{"id":107028,"arabic":"حاجز إبطاء تدفق مجرى مائي","english":"bed load retention dam","french":"barrage à alluvions [m.]","description":"مُنشأة مائية - كما في حالة إنشاء التحكم السيلي مثلاً- يعمل حوض التخزين الخاص بها على إعاقة المواد الصلبة العالقة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107028"},{"id":107029,"arabic":"حمولة مادة القاع","english":"bed material load","french":"charge du lit","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107029"},{"id":107030,"arabic":"حاجز 'بل'","english":"Bell’s bund / wing wall","french":"paroi en aile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107030"},{"id":107031,"arabic":"مِصفاة شريطية","english":"belt screen / travelling belt screen / bandtype screen","french":"tamis à bande [m.]","description":"منطقة مُحددة على اليابسة أو في البحر لإدارة المُستجمعات، تتكوّن من مُستجمع واحد أو من عدة مُستجمعات مُتجاورة، بما يشمل المياه الجوفية ومياه الشواطئ التابعة لها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107031"},{"id":107032,"arabic":"طريقة ريّ متن المنصة","english":"bench border method; bench border irrigation; terrace irrigation method","french":"méthode d'irrigation par planches étagées [f.]","description":"طريقة ري بالغمر السطحي، وفيها تتدفق المياه فوق شرائح ضيقة طويلة يفصل بينها حواجز ترابية مُنخفضة تقع على منصات مُنحدرة في الاتجاه العرضي، ولها انحدار خفيف في الاتجاه الطولي للشريحة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107032"},{"id":107033,"arabic":"حوض عريض","english":"bend","french":"courbure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107033"},{"id":107034,"arabic":"كوع","english":"bend / valve elbow","french":"coude [m.] / coude avec vanne [m.]","description":"(انظر: مرفق (كوع) ذو صمام)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107034"},{"id":107035,"arabic":"مِصراع البنغال","english":"Bengal shutter","french":"hausse du Bengale","description":"بوّابة السد في مُنشئات الري الرئيسية، وتتكوّن البوابة من ضلفتين، واحدة على مُستوى مُنخفض في اتجاه التيار (الضلفة الأمامية) والثانية تقع تحت مُستوى المياه وتكون بارتفاعها الكامل. وتثبت كلتا الضلفتين عند نفس الموضع. وتُعد الضلفة الأمامية تجهيزة مُساعدة لإنتصاب الضلفة الخلفية. (انظر: [مِصراع البنغال](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107035))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107035"},{"id":107036,"arabic":"بوابة بنغال","english":"Bengal shutter","french":"hausse du Bengale","description":"(انظر: [مِصراع البنغال](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107035))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107036"},{"id":107037,"arabic":"راسب في سرير المِجرى المائيّ","english":"benthic deposit","french":"dépôt benthique [m.]; sédiment benthique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107037"},{"id":107038,"arabic":"مسطاح داخل أو بنكيت داخليّ","english":"berm, inside","french":"berme intérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107038"},{"id":107039,"arabic":"ماسورة مِشْعبية","english":"bifurcation","french":"tuyauterie en Y  [f.]","description":"قطعة أنبوبية مُتماثلة على شكل الحرف Y. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107039"},{"id":107040,"arabic":"حَصيرة الطَمْي","english":"blanket","french":"tapis d’étanchéité [m.]","description":"عنصر إحكام يُستخدم أمام السدود، حيث تُصنع مانع تسرب أسفل الوادي وجوانبه من مواد طبيعية أو اصطناعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107040"},{"id":107041,"arabic":"مُخطَّط توزيع عام","english":"block diagram","french":"schéma-bloc [m.]","description":"هدّار يتكوّن من قرص نصف دائريّ موضوع في مجرى مائي مُستطيل عرضه أكبر من قطر القرص. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107041"},{"id":107042,"arabic":"غمر الأحواض","english":"block irrigation","french":"arrosage par bassins [m.]","description":"طريقة للري بالغمر يُقسم فيها الحقل إلى عدد من الأحواض، فإذا كانت هذه الأحواض موازية للكنتور، فإن هذه الطريقة تُسمى 'طريقة الري بالأحواض الكنتورية'. (انظر: [رىّ الأحواض (الترابيع)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107113)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107042"},{"id":107043,"arabic":"تجهيزة دفع الهواء","english":"blower installation","french":"équipement pour soufflantes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107043"},{"id":107044,"arabic":"ريّ بالشرائح الطولية","english":"boarder strip irrigation","french":"irrigation par calants","description":"طريقة للريّ بالأخاديد، وفيها يتم توزيع المياه على شرائح حقلية ضيقة، وتكون مُحاطة من كلا الجانبين بحواجز مُنخفضة. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107044"},{"id":107045,"arabic":"رشاش بذراع تطويل","english":"boom sprinkler","french":"arroseur à flèche [m.]","description":"رشاش له أذرع مُمتدة فوق الحقل حاملة رشاشات دوّارة موزّعة على امتداد هذه الأذرع، وبذلك يُمكن اختصار طول مسار نفث الماء في الهواء الجوي، وبالتالي الإقلال من تأثير الرياح وكذلك توسيع المدى الذي يغطيه جهاز الرش الواحد. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107045"},{"id":107046,"arabic":"طريقة الريّ بالشرائح الطولية","english":"border irrigation / border method","french":"arrosage à la planche [m.] / arrosage par calants [m.]","description":"طريقة ريّ حقليّ بالغمر، تُقسّم فيها الأرض إلى شرائح محدودة بواسطة حواجز صغيرة، وتُطلق المياه إلى كل شريحة منها إمّا من مسقى رئيسيّ أو فرعيّ يمتد عند حافتها العُليا. ويُشار لها أيضاً بالمُصطلحات التالية: ري بالشرائح الطولية المُحددة ذات الحواجز – ريّ بشرائح الأحواض (الترابيع) – ريّ بالأحواض الشريطية – ريّ الأحواض بالجاذبية الأرضية. وتُشير مُصطلحات شرائح وشرائط الأحواض (الترابيع) إلى شكل المساحات الحقلية. كما يُستعمل مُصطلح أحواض الجاذبية الأرضية لتمييز هذه الأحواض المائلة عن المساحات المستوية في الأحواض المُستطيلة أو الأحواض الكنتورية. وتُعرف هذه الطريقة في أستراليا غالباً باسم 'ريّ متن كابح' أو 'ريّ خندق حاجز'. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107046"},{"id":107047,"arabic":"نهر حديّ","english":"border river (boundary river)","french":"rivière frontalière [f.]","description":"نهر يفصل بين منطقتين جغرافيتين أو سياسيتين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107047"},{"id":107048,"arabic":"شرائح المتون الطولية","english":"border strip","french":"planche d'arrosage","description":"وحدات ريّ متوازية على هيئة شرائح طويلة ضيقة قائمة على نفس الارتفاع في الاتجاه العرضي. وتمتد هذه الشرائح طولياً في اتجاه ميل سطح الأرض وتفصلها عن الشرائح المجاورة لها أخاديد حَدِّية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107048"},{"id":107049,"arabic":"بئر محفور بالبريمة","english":"bored well","french":"puits foré","description":"بئر محفور بواسطة بريمة يدوية أو آلية حيث تصعد معظم المواد نحو الأعلى بواسطة هذه البريمة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107049"},{"id":107050,"arabic":"قشرة القاع","english":"bottom shell","french":"coffrage de radier [m.]","description":"عُنصر مُصنّع على شكل شبه مُنحرف أو شكل قشري، ويكون على سبيل المثال من الخرسانة أو البلاستيك. (DIN 4047-5:1989) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107050"},{"id":107051,"arabic":"مَصرف صندوقي","english":"box drain","french":"drain à section rectangulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107051"},{"id":107052,"arabic":"مِقياس صندوقي","english":"box gauge","french":"niveau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107052"},{"id":107053,"arabic":"مخلص ساقط صندوقيّ المدخل","english":"box-inlet drop spillway","french":"évacuateur en conduite rectangulaire avec chute d'entonnement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107053"},{"id":107054,"arabic":"مخلص ساقط صندوقيّ المدخل","english":"box-inlet drop spillway","french":"décharge avec ouvrage de chute en caisson à l’entrée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107054"},{"id":107055,"arabic":"تجهيزة تصريف في بركة","english":"box-type sluice in fish pond","french":"régulateur de niveau d’étang [m.]","description":"تجهيزة تخزين وتفريغ موجودة في أعمق نقطة من بركة الأسماك. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107055"},{"id":107056,"arabic":"حوض رفع","english":"brail pool","french":"bassin élévateur [m.]","description":"حوض يحتوي على أجهزة رفع ميكانيكية، لنقل السمك الواصل من حوض الإمساك إلى صهريج، حيث يُحَمَّل في سيارات نقل. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107056"},{"id":107057,"arabic":"عطل","english":"breakdown; collapse; failure; malfunction","french":"défaillance [f.]","description":"1- أنابيب الصرف الرأسية التي تمر عبر طابق أو أكثر، والتي يتم تهويتها عن طريق السقف وتنقل مياه الصرف الصحيّ إلى مِصْرف المبنى أو خطوط التجميع. مثال ذلك: أنابيب الصرف الصحيّ الرأسية. 2- أنابيب الصرف الرأسية الخارجية أو الداخلية التي تعمل على صرف مياه الأمطار من الأسطح أو الشرفات أو الفرندات (الشرفات المسقوفة). مثال: أنابيب صرف مياه الأمطار الرأسية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107057"},{"id":107058,"arabic":"جِدار مُواجِه","english":"breast wall / face wall / panel wall","french":"mur de parapet [m.]","description":"يُقصد به في إطار عملية الري: جدار مُنشأ عموماً من المباني أو الخرسانة، ويُبنى مُباشرةً فوق واجهة فتحة جانبية غاطسة أو فوهة. يُسمى كذلك 'جدار ساتر'. (انظر: جِدار مواجه) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107058"},{"id":107059,"arabic":"حواجز اقتراب","english":"bridge approach","french":"rampe d’accès [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107059"},{"id":107060,"arabic":"محلول ملحيّ","english":"brine","french":"saumure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107060"},{"id":107061,"arabic":"جَدْوَلٌ","english":"brook / creek / stream","french":"ruisseau [m.] / cours d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107061"},{"id":107062,"arabic":"فَرشة أغصان","english":"brush mattress","french":"couche de branches à rejets [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107062"},{"id":107063,"arabic":"أغصان خشبية موزعة على شرائح أفقية","english":"brushwood set in horizontal slips","french":"lit de plançons [m.]","description":"شرائح أفقية من أفرع الأشجار الجافة التي يمكن أن تنمو لها جذور والتي تُقام على المُنحدرات والحواجز الجانبية للمجاري المائية، وهي تؤخذ عادةً من المراعي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107063"},{"id":107064,"arabic":"هَدّار من أغصان خشبية","english":"brushwood weir","french":"barrage de broussailles [m.]","description":"هدار ذو بنية ضعيفة ونفَّاذة، يتكوّن هيكله من أغصان الأشجار وأخشاب مُستديرة وحصى. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107064"},{"id":107065,"arabic":"فَرْش الجابية","english":"bucket apron","french":"plaque de protection d’auge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107065"},{"id":107066,"arabic":"منسوب القاع المقعر للجابية","english":"bucket invert elevation","french":"hauteur de renvoi d’auge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107066"},{"id":107067,"arabic":"كوع الجابية","english":"bucket invert; bucket arch","french":"radier de l'auge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107067"},{"id":107068,"arabic":"قَوْس الجابية","english":"bucket invert; bucket arch","french":"renvoi d’auge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107068"},{"id":107069,"arabic":"حافة الجابية","english":"bucket lip","french":"rebord de l'auge","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107069"},{"id":107070,"arabic":"شفة الجابية","english":"bucket lip","french":"rebord de l'auge","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107070"},{"id":107071,"arabic":"أسنان الجابية","english":"bucket teeth (pl.)","french":"dents d’auge (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107071"},{"id":107072,"arabic":"حائط تهذيب للجابية","english":"bucket training wall","french":"guideau de l'auge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107072"},{"id":107073,"arabic":"حائِط تهذيب للجابية","english":"bucket training wall","french":"guideau de l'auge","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107073"},{"id":107074,"arabic":"مبدد طاقة طراز الجابية","english":"bucket type energy dissipater","french":"convertisseur d’énergie d’auge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107074"},{"id":107075,"arabic":"متن","english":"bulge","french":"bourrelet [m.]","description":"يصف هذا المُصطلح في هندسة الري الزراعي الشريط الضفافي الذي يحد المساحة المروية. و  يمكن عن طريقه التحكم في تصريف مياه الري وتنظيمه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107075"},{"id":107076,"arabic":"حَاجِزْ مُقَاوِم","english":"bulkhead gate","french":"vanne-batardeau [f.]","description":"جزء من بوابة المُراقبة، يعمل على غلق الفتحة عرضياً. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107076"},{"id":107077,"arabic":"بوابة ضخمة","english":"bulkhead gate","french":"cloison [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107077"},{"id":107078,"arabic":"جِدار دعم","english":"bunding; bund wall","french":"digue de protection quai [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107078"},{"id":107079,"arabic":"دِعامة","english":"buttress / pier","french":"pile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107079"},{"id":107080,"arabic":"سَدّ تثاقليّ ذو سنادات","english":"buttress dam","french":"barrage à contreforts [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107080"},{"id":107081,"arabic":"مجرى مساعد","english":"bypass channel","french":"canal de dérivation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107081"},{"id":107082,"arabic":"فرّازة ذات تحويلة","english":"bypass separator","french":"séparateur avec dispositif de dérivation [m.]","description":"نطاق يُغمر بشكل مُتكرر بالمياه ويقع أعلى المنسوب المتوسط للمياه، حيث يكون موطناً مُناسباً لنمو الأخشاب الرخوة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107082"},{"id":107083,"arabic":"دهليز الكابلات","english":"cable tunnel","french":"galerie de câbles [f.]","description":"نفق أو ممر تمتد فيه خطوط التوصيلات الكهربائية ويُمكن السير فيه على الأقدام. (انظر: مجرى للكابلات) (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107083"},{"id":107084,"arabic":"نفق الكابلات","english":"cable tunnel","french":"galerie de câbles [f.]","description":"(انظر: [دهليز الكابلات](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107083))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107084"},{"id":107085,"arabic":"مِنطقة مياه هادئة للأسماك","english":"calm water area for fish","french":"refuge pour poissons [m.]","description":"تجويف في الحاجز الجانبي لمجرى مائي ما أو في القاع، يُمثل منطقة هادئة للأسماك. (DIN 4047-5)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107085"},{"id":107086,"arabic":"قناة (مجرى للمياه)","english":"canal (waterway)","french":"canal (cours d'eau ) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107086"},{"id":107087,"arabic":"تخطيط قنوات الريّ والصرْف","english":"canalization","french":"canalisation","description":"تهذيب وتصحيح مسار المجاري المائية عن طريق تنظيم وتخطيط القناطر. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107087"},{"id":107088,"arabic":"سَدّ كابولي مرتكز على دعامات","english":"cantilever buttress dam","french":"barrage à contreforts, en saillie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107088"},{"id":107089,"arabic":"ظاهرة كابولية","english":"cantilever effect","french":"effet de porte-à-faux [m.]","description":"في علم البناء، مفهوم يُطلق على الأجزاء من مبنى التي تتجاوز خط البناء أو تبرز خارج المساحة الأساسية. (مثال ذلك: الشُرفة).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107089"},{"id":107090,"arabic":"عنصر الكابولي","english":"cantilever element","french":"élément de console [m.]","description":"(انظر: [عناصر الكوابيل](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107091))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107090"},{"id":107091,"arabic":"عناصر الكوابيل","english":"cantilever element","french":"segment de barrage [m.] / élément de console [m.]","description":"عنصر الكابولي أو الكابولي هو ذلك الجزء من السد المحصور بين مُستويين شُعاعيين عموديين، تفصلهما عن بعضهما البعض مسافة مُحددة بدقة من المحور. كوابيل سدود العقود (بخلاف ذلك النمط ذي المركز الثابت) لها جوانب ملتوية حيث أن أنصاف أقطار خط المحاور ليست واحدة عند كل المناسيب. ويقع كابولي القمة عند أقصى عمق. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107091"},{"id":107092,"arabic":"سَدّ فولاذي من النوع الكابولي","english":"cantilevered type steel dam","french":"barrière acier, en saillie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107092"},{"id":107093,"arabic":"سَعَة الملء","english":"capacity (space)","french":"quantité de remplissage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107093"},{"id":107094,"arabic":"بيان السعَّة","english":"capacity statement","french":"état des capacités des prises d'eau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107094"},{"id":107095,"arabic":"سَّعَة قصوى","english":"capacity, maximum","french":"puissance maximale possible [f.]","description":"أقصى قدرة لمنشأة توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، يُمكن الحصول عليها باستمرار في الظروف المثلى. رمز المُعادلات: e\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107095"},{"id":107096,"arabic":"عَوّامة مُقيِّدة","english":"captive float / reefing float","french":"flotteur captif [m.]","description":"بربخ تقع فوهات مدخله ومخرجه داخل السد، حيث يتم إنشاء حائط رأسي شبه مُنحرف في المُخطط الأساسي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107096"},{"id":107097,"arabic":"مسقط تعاقبي","english":"cascade drop","french":"chute en cascades [f.]","description":"درجة لحماية قاع المجرى المائي من التآكل، مُكوّنة من عدة مساقط مُتتالية. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107097"},{"id":107098,"arabic":"هَدّار مُدرّج","english":"cascade weir; step weir","french":"barrage à gradins [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107098"},{"id":107099,"arabic":"هّدَّار مُدَرَّج","english":"cascade weir; step weir","french":"barrage à gradins [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107099"},{"id":107100,"arabic":"فيضان مُدمِّر","english":"catastrophic flood","french":"crue catastrophique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107100"},{"id":107101,"arabic":"مَصْرِف اعتراضيّ","english":"catch drain / diversion ditch / intercepting drain / cutoff / curtain drain","french":"drain d'interception [m.]","description":"خط صرف صحيّ فوق أو تحت الأرض، ويوجد على سفح مُنحدر أو موازياً لقناة راشحة، وذلك لاعتراض تدفق المياه ومنع حركتها في المنطقة المُراد شفط المياه منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107101"},{"id":107102,"arabic":"مَصْرِف اعتراضيّ","english":"catch drain; diversion ditch; intercepting drain","french":"fossé de dérivation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107102"},{"id":107103,"arabic":"بوابة كاتربيلار","english":"caterpillar gate","french":"protection contre les chenilles [f.]","description":"في السدود هو قاطع ذي محمل كريات، تكون فيه البكرات على هيئة سلاسل لا نهائية. وتتصل البكرات بعضها ببعض عن طريق أعضاء ربط، وتسير هذه المنظومة بشكل دائري على مجرى لا نهائي مُركّب في نهاية القاطع. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107103"},{"id":107104,"arabic":"طريق السد","english":"causeway","french":"chaussée de barrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107104"},{"id":107105,"arabic":"كهف","english":"cavern; cave","french":"caverne [f.]","description":"تجويف في جبل، ويكون في الغالب من صنع الإنسان. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107105"},{"id":107106,"arabic":"قلب سدّ (طبقة داخلية مانعة للتسرّب في سدّ)","english":"central core","french":"joint intérieur [m.]","description":"(انظر: [مانع تسرّب داخليّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107173))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107106"},{"id":107107,"arabic":"آلة ريّ مطريّ دوّارة","english":"centre pivot system","french":"machine d’arrosage circulaire [f.]","description":"آلة أوتوماتية للريّ بالرش، تتكوّن من وصلة أنبوبية تدور حول نقطة دوران معينة، وتُحْمَل على عدد من الأبراج ذاتية الحركة. ويتم فيها توزيع المياه عن طريق فوهات أو أجهزة رش مُركبة على طول الوصلة الأنبوبية. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107107"},{"id":107108,"arabic":"مضخة طَرْد مركزيّ أفقية","english":"centrifugal pump, horizontal","french":"pompe centrifuge à axe horizontal [f.]","description":"مضخة طَرْد مركزيّ يكون وضع محور الدَّفاعة فيها أفقياً. ويستلزم الأمر عادةً مَلْئ المضخة للمرة الأولى حتى يبدأ تشغيلها. (الهيئة الألمانية لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107108"},{"id":107109,"arabic":"جهة منح الشهادات","english":"certification body","french":"organisme de certification [m.]","description":"(انظر: [سَدّ أجوف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107639))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107109"},{"id":107110,"arabic":"تحسين المجرى المائيّ","english":"channel improvement","french":"amélioration de cours d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107110"},{"id":107111,"arabic":"رأس (فم) الترعة","english":"channel input","french":"entrée de canal [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107111"},{"id":107112,"arabic":"قناة ممرات الحُتات الأمامية","english":"channel, upstream scouring sluice / channel, upstream undersluice","french":"alimentation d’écluse à eau excédentaire en amont [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107112"},{"id":107113,"arabic":"رىّ الأحواض (الترابيع)","english":"check irrigation; check flooding","french":"arrosage par bassins [m.]","description":"طريقة للري بالغمر يُقَسَّم فيها الحقل إلى عدد من الأحواض، فإذا كانت هذه الأحواض ''أحواضاً كنتورية'' فإن هذه الطريقة تُسمى 'طريقة الريّ بالأحواض الكنتورية'. (انظر: [غمر الأحواض](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107042)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107113"},{"id":107114,"arabic":"صمام لارجعيّ","english":"check valve","french":"clapet anti-retour [m.]","description":"صِمام إيقاف مزوّد بجزء قرصيّ حابِك، يعمل على منع ارتداد التدفق. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107114"},{"id":107115,"arabic":"أحواض","english":"checks","french":"bassins [m.]","description":"(انظر: [أحواض (ترابيع)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107022))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107115"},{"id":107116,"arabic":"مَصْرِف رأسيّ","english":"chimney drain","french":"drain de cheminée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107116"},{"id":107117,"arabic":"مَصْرِف رأسي","english":"chimney drain","french":"drainage de cheminée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107117"},{"id":107118,"arabic":"مجرى مُنحدر (صناعي)","english":"chute","french":"canal à forte pente [m.]","description":"مُنشأ تحويل ذو سطح حُر للمياه، وتصريف دفقي. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107118"},{"id":107119,"arabic":"هدار سيبولتِّي","english":"Cipolletti weir / trapezoidal weir","french":"barrage Cipolleti [m.]","description":"هَدَّار على شكل شِبه مُنحرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107119"},{"id":107120,"arabic":"مخلص على شكل قِمع مع مَفيض دائِري","english":"circular drop inlet spillway","french":"évacuateur en puits avec système de décharge circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107120"},{"id":107121,"arabic":"أنبوب تصريف","english":"circular drop inlet spillway; morning glory spillway; glory hole spillway","french":"évacuateur en puits [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107121"},{"id":107122,"arabic":"بوابة مستديرة","english":"circular type gate","french":"fermeture circulaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107122"},{"id":107123,"arabic":"هَدّار دائريّ","english":"circular weir","french":"barrage circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107123"},{"id":107124,"arabic":"وِسادة مائية","english":"cistern / water cushion / stilling pool","french":"matelas d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107124"},{"id":107125,"arabic":"جِهاز تنقية","english":"cleaning equipment","french":"appareil de nettoyage [m.] / appareil d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107125"},{"id":107126,"arabic":"غطاء مائيّ طراز الهدار الحر","english":"clear overfall type water seal","french":"fermeture hydraulique avec déversoir libre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107126"},{"id":107127,"arabic":"إزالة المُعوّقات","english":"clearing","french":"déblayage [m.]","description":"إزالة التراكمات وكل ما يعيق تدفق مجرى مائي ما. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107127"},{"id":107128,"arabic":"جَرْف","english":"cliff","french":"bord érodé d'une rivière [m.]; berge érodée [f.]","description":"نتيجة تعرية ضِفَّة النهر التي تحدث بسبب الانحدار الشديد المُرتبط بها. (انظر: تآكل الضِفَّة). (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107128"},{"id":107129,"arabic":"نبع الجرف","english":"cliff spring","french":"source de falaise [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107129"},{"id":107130,"arabic":"حاجِز مُغْلَق","english":"closed dike","french":"digue fermée [f.]","description":"سد يقع في منطقة مُرتفعة عن سطح البحر وبعيدة عن الفيضانات، (ضفة عالية)، ويكون مُرتبطاً بالتياريْن الأمامي والخلفي. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107130"},{"id":107131,"arabic":"غِطاء فتحة الدخول","english":"closing device","french":"dispositif de fermeture [m.]; couvercle de regard [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107131"},{"id":107132,"arabic":"صِمام إغلاق","english":"closing valve","french":"soupape de fermeture","description":"سد يتكوّن بوجه عام من إطار من الخشب أو من الصُلب، وتدعمه سنادات، وذلك لإنشاء حائط في مواجهة المياه. (انظر: [حاجز ذو جدار من الكتل الخشبية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105074)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107132"},{"id":107133,"arabic":"مادة تُساعد على تخلل المياه في التربة","english":"coarse filling material","french":"matériau de drain [m.]","description":"مادة مُنفذة للمياه، تُستخدم في خنادق أنابيب الصرف، أو المصارف السطحية، أو المصارف النفقية. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107133"},{"id":107134,"arabic":"بوابة 'كوستر'","english":"coaster gate","french":"vanne Coaster [f.]","description":"بوابة فولاذية مزوّدة بصفوف من الدرافيل والمدارج الجانبية النهائية. وتُستخدم لوقف التدفقات من أنابيب الضغط وأنابيب الطرد، ويحدث ذلك عادةً تحت ضغوط عالية أو في حالة الأبعاد بالغة الكبر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107134"},{"id":107135,"arabic":"سد الإنضاب","english":"cofferdam","french":"batardeau","description":"سد يعمل على تحويض المياه أثناء فترة إنشاء سد تخزينيّ، الذي تدخل فيه الكتلة الداعمة الموجودة جهة الماء أو الهواء. (انظر: [سَدٌّ حاجِب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102769)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107135"},{"id":107136,"arabic":"أعمدة كولكريت","english":"colcrete pier","french":"pile [f.]","description":"أعمدة خرسانية مُصَنَّعة بطريقة 'كولكريت'، وهي تُناسب الأعمال الإنشائية التي تُجرى تحت سطح الماء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107136"},{"id":107137,"arabic":"مَصْرِف مُجمِّع","english":"collecting ditch","french":"fossé collecteur","description":"خندق توجد فيه عدة أنابيب. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107137"},{"id":107138,"arabic":"مَصْرِف مُجمِّع","english":"collector drain","french":"collecteur de drain","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107138"},{"id":107139,"arabic":"بئر ذو صرف قطري أو بئر تجميعي","english":"collector well","french":"puits à drains rayonnants","description":"بئر مزود بمصارف أنبوبية أفقية موضوعة على عدة اتجاهات قطرية وتزيد من نصف القطر الفعال.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107139"},{"id":107140,"arabic":"نفق شاقوليّ","english":"collimator shaft / plumb-line shaft","french":"puits du fil à plomb","description":"نفق رأسي في السد، يتم عن طريقه مُلاحظة تحرّكات السد بالنسبة للقاع (للأساسات)، وذلك باستخدام خيوط قياس عمق المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107140"},{"id":107141,"arabic":"عفن غروانيّ","english":"colloidal congestion","french":"engorgement colloïdal [m.]","description":"نظام للري بالأخاديد على جوانب التلال، حيث تكون الأراضي ذات نفاذية عالية، ولذلك تنشأ مسيلات خرسانية مُختلفة الأحجام تتجه أسفل الميل، ويجري فيها اعتراض المياه وتحويلها إلى الأخاديد المُتعامدة مع المسيلات. وتصل المياه لمنتصف الحقل في قناتي المسيل اللتين تحيطان به، وبتعديل ميل الأخدود فإن المياه التي تمد بها كل نهاية لهذا الأخدود تتلاقى في الجزء الأوسط من الحقل. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107141"},{"id":107142,"arabic":"قياس السرعة بالتلوين","english":"colour-velocity gauging","french":"mesure de vitesse couleur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107142"},{"id":107143,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مدعم بأعمدة","english":"columnar buttress dam","french":"barrage à contreforts en forme de colonnes inclinées","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107143"},{"id":107144,"arabic":"صَرْف مُدمج","english":"combined drainage","french":"drainage combiné [m.]","description":"تركيبة من أنابيب الصرف مزودة بصرف نفقي (بدون أنابيب) أو خاصية الإصلاح النفقي. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107144"},{"id":107145,"arabic":"بيان الركوب (عند تصميم ترع الريّ)","english":"command statement","french":"état des niveaux d'eau nécessaires dans un réseau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107145"},{"id":107146,"arabic":"اتحاد دول مُتجاورة (مُشتركة في نهر واحد أو أكثر)","english":"community co-riparian states","french":"communauté des états riverains (états coriverains) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107146"},{"id":107147,"arabic":"مجرى للمُخلّفات وأوراق النبات العالقة في المياه","english":"conduit","french":"rigole à produits flottants [f.]","description":"مِجرى لكسح المواد المُصفّاة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107147"},{"id":107148,"arabic":"صِهريج تَموُّر","english":"conduit regulator; surge tank; surge chamber","french":"chambre d’équilibre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107148"},{"id":107149,"arabic":"اسخدام موحد","english":"conjunctive use","french":"utilisation jointe","description":"استخدام المياه السطحية والمياه الجوفية معاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107149"},{"id":107150,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مخروطيّ","english":"conoidal dam","french":"barrage conique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107150"},{"id":107151,"arabic":"حِفْظ","english":"conservation","french":"conservation [f.] / protection [f.]","description":"طريقة لتحديد درجة ثبات سد ترابي أو سد ركامي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107151"},{"id":107152,"arabic":"مخزون محفوظ","english":"conservation storage","french":"bassin de retenue de prévention [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107152"},{"id":107153,"arabic":"سد عقديّ بزاوية ثابتة","english":"constant angle arch dam","french":"barrage voûte à angle constant [m.]","description":"حوض مُحاط بحواجز أو بأرضٍ لاحتجاز المياه. DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107153"},{"id":107154,"arabic":"سَدٌّ عقديّ ثابت المركز","english":"constant radius arch dam / constant centre arch dam / constant centre dam","french":"barrage-voûte à centre constant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107154"},{"id":107155,"arabic":"سَدٌّ عقديّ بنصف قطر ثابت","english":"constant radius arch dam; constant centre dam","french":"barrage-voûte à rayon constant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107155"},{"id":107156,"arabic":"محطة لصيد الأسماك","english":"construction for catching and sorting fish","french":"installation de dépoissonnement [f.]","description":"'مُنشأة طولية على شكل المُستطيل، يجري فيها صيد وتصنيف الأسماك من بركة سمكية، وتكون في الغالب خلف جهاز مُراقبة منسوب ارتفاع الماء. (DIN 4047-5:1989)'","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107156"},{"id":107157,"arabic":"منشأ مُعترض للتدفق","english":"construction transverse to flow","french":"aménagement transversal [m.]","description":"تجهيزة حماية في قاع المجرى المائيّ تتقاطع مع اتجاه السريان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107157"},{"id":107158,"arabic":"نسبة الاستهلاك النوعي من المياه لدى النباتات","english":"consumptive use expressed in water depth","french":"consommation d’eau de plantations [f.]","description":"كمية المياه اللازمة لاستهلاك النبات في مساحة معينة لحالة معينة للنبات. رمز المُعادلات: WVP\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107158"},{"id":107159,"arabic":"استهلاك مائيّ غير مُنتِج","english":"consumptive use, non-productive / consumptive use, non-beneficial","french":"consommation d’eau non productive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107159"},{"id":107160,"arabic":"حِمْل ملامس","english":"contact load","french":"éboulis roulant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107160"},{"id":107161,"arabic":"نبع اتصال مُباشر","english":"contact spring / border spring / overflow spring","french":"source de contact [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107161"},{"id":107162,"arabic":"خَزّان تجميع","english":"container, collecting","french":"réservoir collecteur [m.]","description":"1- في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، تجهيزات منظومة ريّ بالرشاشات لتخليص المنظومة من المواد الملوثة الحبيبية التي يُمكن أن تتسبب في سد فتحات الري. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)) 2- في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، تجهيزة تعمل على فصل المواد الصلبة من تيار مياه عادمة عن طريق إعاقتها عند القضبان يدوياً أو ميكانيكياً، أوعند الأسرة الجارية، أوالأقراص أو الأسطوانات الدوّارة المُكوّنة من أقراص معدنية مُثقبة أو أسلاك. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107162"},{"id":107163,"arabic":"سَعَة تخزين الفيضان","english":"containment volume","french":"volume de retenue [m.]","description":"جزء من حجم مياه موجة الفيضان الذي يمكن احتجازه مؤقتاً. رمز المُعادلات: VR وحدة القياس: م3 (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107163"},{"id":107164,"arabic":"تشغيل دائم","english":"continuous operation","french":"exploitation continue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107164"},{"id":107165,"arabic":"أحواض كنتورية","english":"contour checks (pl.)","french":"bassins suivant les courbes de niveau (pl.) [m.]","description":"أحواض تشكّل بإنشاء حواجز تُرابية طولية صغيرة، موازية تقريباً لخطوط الكنتور، مع توصيلها ببعضها البعض في المواقع المطلوبة بحواجز ترابية صغيرة مُتعامدة عليها. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107165"},{"id":107166,"arabic":"رى بالخنادق الكنتورية","english":"contour ditch irrigation","french":"arrosage par rigoles de niveau [m.]","description":"(انظر: الغَمْر من الخنادق)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107166"},{"id":107167,"arabic":"مَمر مائيّ مُتقلِّص","english":"contracted waterway","french":"voie d'eau étranglé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107167"},{"id":107168,"arabic":"تقلُّص على قمة السد","english":"contraction through overflow dam","french":"contraction via crête déversante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107168"},{"id":107169,"arabic":"صِمَام المناطق","english":"control valve","french":"vanne de sectionnement [m.]","description":"صمامات تُركّب على الخطوط الفرعية الطولية لإغلاق بعض أجزاء شبكة التوزيع، عندما يُراد إجراء إصلاحات أو تعديلات فيها دون إعاقة توصيل المياه إلى باقي الأرض. (انظر: [صِمام التحكم](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108269)) (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107169"},{"id":107170,"arabic":"غمر متحكم فيه","english":"controlled flooding","french":"procédé à ruissellement [m.]","description":"مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، هي طريقة ري تسيل فيها المياه على رقع مُعينة، أو في مجاري، أو في أخاديد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107170"},{"id":107171,"arabic":"بَرْبَخُ توصيل","english":"conveyance culvert","french":"aqueduc de transport d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107171"},{"id":107172,"arabic":"وسيلة نقل","english":"conveyance means","french":"matériel de manutention","description":"أيٌّ من المناطق التي تحتاج لشبكة صرف، لتنظيم المحتوى المائي للتربة بها. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107172"},{"id":107173,"arabic":"مانع تسرّب داخليّ","english":"core","french":"joint intérieur [m.]","description":"في المنطقة الداخلية من المقطع العرضيّ للسد، يوجد مانع تسرّب يتكوّن من مواد طبيعية أو اصطناعية، مُرتبة عمودياً أو بشكل مائل. (انظر: قلب سَدود (طبقة داخلية مانعة للتسرّب في سدّ)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107173"},{"id":107174,"arabic":"جدار قلب السّد","english":"core wall","french":"noyau en béton [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107174"},{"id":107175,"arabic":"نواة صماء","english":"core wall","french":"enveloppe du noyau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107175"},{"id":107176,"arabic":"سَدٌّ ركاميّ بنواة صماء","english":"core-wall type rockfill dam","french":"barrage en enrochement avec noyau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107176"},{"id":107177,"arabic":"ري على مُنحدر","english":"corrugation irrigation","french":"arrosage à la raie [m.]","description":"طريقة ري في مجال الهندسة المائية للأغراض الزراعية، توصف أيضاً بأنها طريقة ري بالخنادق، تجري فيها المياه عبر أخاديد صغيرة محفورة في التربة على طول خط المُنحدر الأرضي تقريباً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107177"},{"id":107178,"arabic":"بنكيت خلفيّ","english":"counter berm / back berm / banquette /shoulder","french":"banquette [f.]","description":"طبقة إضافية من التراب قريبة من قدمة المُنحدر الخارجية أو شقة أفقية في مُنحدر، تعمل على تصريف المياه السطحية للحد من تآكل المُنحدر، ومن ناحية أخرى تُساعد على ترسيخ السد. ويُستخدم المُصطلح أيضاً في عمليات إنشاء الطرق، وهو يصف الجزء غير المُثبت من جسم الطريق المُجاور مُباشرة لحارة الطريق أو لحافة الطريق أو للطرق الفرعية. (انظر: [مِسطاح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109098))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107178"},{"id":107179,"arabic":"مِصراع الثقل الموازن","english":"counterweight shutter","french":"fermeture avec contrepoids [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107179"},{"id":107180,"arabic":"مَسَار الرَيّ","english":"course","french":"parcours [m.]","description":"في مجال هندسة المياه للأغراض الزراعية هو طول الأخدود في حقل مروي. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107180"},{"id":107181,"arabic":"مَسار الريّ","english":"course (progression) / operation / run","french":"parcours [m.] / cours [m.]","description":"طول الأخدود في حقل مروي. (انظر: [مَسَار الرَيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107180))) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107181"},{"id":107182,"arabic":"قمة السدّ","english":"crest / crown / crest of dam","french":"crête [f.]","description":"النهاية العليا للسدّ. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107182"},{"id":107183,"arabic":"نَبيطة تحكُّم في منسوب العتبة","english":"crest control device","french":"régulateur de crête à déversoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107183"},{"id":107184,"arabic":"نبيطة تحكّم في منسوب العتبة","english":"crest control device","french":"fermeture à régulation de crête [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107184"},{"id":107185,"arabic":"بوابة عتب","english":"crest gate","french":"vanne de levage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107185"},{"id":107186,"arabic":"بوّابة عَتَب","english":"crest gate","french":"vanne de crête [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107186"},{"id":107187,"arabic":"طول السد","english":"crest length (of a dam) / length of dam","french":"longueur du barrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107187"},{"id":107188,"arabic":"طول المُنشأ العلوي (طول جزء سور السدّ الواقع أعلى سطح المياه)","english":"crest length of a dam","french":"longueur de crête [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107188"},{"id":107189,"arabic":"طول ذروة السد","english":"crest length of a dam","french":"longueur de barrage ou de crête [f.]","description":"طول الحد العلويّ (الذَّرَوِيّ) للسد المحصور بين جانبيّ الوادي. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107189"},{"id":107190,"arabic":"علو قمة السد","english":"crest level of the dam / top of the dam","french":"hauteur de crête [f.]","description":"العلو الجيوديسيّ لقمة سدّ حاجز. وحدة القياس: متر","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107190"},{"id":107191,"arabic":"منسوب ذروة السد","english":"crest level of the dam / top of the dam / structural height of dam","french":"hauteur de digue [f.]","description":"أعلى ارتفاع في مجال بناء السدود، يكون بين قاعدة السد وقمته. وحدة القياس: متر. (انظر: ارتفاع (ال...) الإنشائيّ للسدّ) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107191"},{"id":107192,"arabic":"منسوب ذروة السد","english":"crest level of the dam; top of the dam","french":"arête supérieure de barrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107192"},{"id":107193,"arabic":"مُنشأ واقي لقمة السد","english":"crest protective structure","french":"ouvrage de protection de crête [m.]","description":"مُنشأ يقع أسفل قمة السدّ، ويعمل - عند تعرّض القمة لأضرار - على تقليل التآكل الحادث بواسطة المياه المُتدفقة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107193"},{"id":107194,"arabic":"مُنشأ قمة (السد)","english":"crest structure","french":"ouvrage de crête [m.]","description":"جزء من السَدّ البِنائيّ يقع في نطاق مسافة الأمان (الخلوص). (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107194"},{"id":107195,"arabic":"هَدّار ثابت العتبة","english":"crest weir, fixed / weir, blind","french":"barrage à crête fixe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107195"},{"id":107196,"arabic":"قِمّة الهدّار","english":"crest, weir","french":"crête de déversoir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107196"},{"id":107197,"arabic":"صدع في السد","english":"crevasse / crevice","french":"rupture de digue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107197"},{"id":107198,"arabic":"سَدٌّ خشبيّ","english":"crib / crib dam","french":"digue en blocs [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107198"},{"id":107199,"arabic":"هَدَّار صُندوقيّ","english":"crib weir","french":"barrage à ballast [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107199"},{"id":107200,"arabic":"هَدَّار صُندوقيّ","english":"crib weir","french":"barrage à caissons de pierre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107200"},{"id":107201,"arabic":"عُمْق حرِج","english":"critical depth","french":"profondeur critique de l'eau [f.]","description":"كتلة من الأغصان المقطوعة التي يُمكن أن تنمو لها جذور وتُرصّ مُتجاورة على ضفة مَجرى مائيّ، ثم تُطمر في الأرض وتُثبت بأسلاك. وتكون نهايات الأغصان باتجاه قاع المجرى المائيّ، كما أنها تُثبت في المجاري الطولية أو بواسطة سِجال. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107201"},{"id":107202,"arabic":"احتياج ريّ المحصول","english":"crop irrigation requirement","french":"besoin en irrigation des champs [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107202"},{"id":107203,"arabic":"احتياجات المحاصيل من المياه","english":"crop requirement","french":"besoins en eau des plantations agricoles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107203"},{"id":107204,"arabic":"أَبعاد الحاجِز","english":"cross section of a dike, normal; dike cross section, normal","french":"dimensions de digue [f.]","description":"الأبعاد الأساسية للسد، التي تُحددها الجهات الرسمية المُختصة. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107204"},{"id":107205,"arabic":"رُقْعَة قابلة للريّ الزراعي","english":"cultivated irrigable area","french":"zone irrigable et exploitable au plan agricole [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107205"},{"id":107206,"arabic":"نبات بري","english":"cultural plant","french":"plante de culture [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107206"},{"id":107207,"arabic":"مدخل بَرْبَخ","english":"culvert inlet","french":"entrée d'aqueduc[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107207"},{"id":107208,"arabic":"مخرج بَرْبَخ","english":"culvert outlet","french":"sortie d'aqueduc[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107208"},{"id":107209,"arabic":"غِطاء مائيّ طراز الحوض المجوف","english":"cup basin type water seal","french":"fermeture hydraulique par rigole [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107209"},{"id":107210,"arabic":"سَدٌّ بقباب مُستديرة صغيرة","english":"cupola dam","french":"barrage à coupole [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107210"},{"id":107211,"arabic":"‌ترباس","english":"curb; edging","french":"bordure [m.]","description":"بروز قصير فوق جانب إحدى القنوات أو على جانبيها، يقام أساساً لمنع انهيار السيل عند حلول الأمطار، وللحفاظ على سلامة حد الطريق الفاصل أو درب التفتيش مع الميل الداخلي للضفة (الكتف). (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107211"},{"id":107212,"arabic":"جَدولُ التيار","english":"current table","french":"tableau de courant [m.]","description":"الحيز المحصور بين المنسوب الأقصى المُصرّح به للتخزين وبين مُستوى افتراضي على نفس ارتفاع قمة هيكل السد. رمز المُعادلات: F\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107212"},{"id":107213,"arabic":"سَدٌّ تثاقليّ عقديّ","english":"curved gravity dam; gravity arch dam","french":"barrage-poids voûte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107213"},{"id":107214,"arabic":"كوع مقوس","english":"curved section","french":"coude au quart [m.]","description":"وصلة مرفقية تركّب في شبكة خط الأنابيب، يُمكن للمُزارعين بواسطتها سحب المياه بزاوية قائمة إمّا من الخط الرئيسي للشبكة أو من الخط الفرعي الحامل للرشاشات. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107214"},{"id":107215,"arabic":"فتحة الحاجِز","english":"cut; cutting","french":"coupure  [f.]","description":"فتحة في السد (لعمل طريق للمرور، أو تصريف أو إدخال مياه الفيضان، مثلاً)، وتغلق بإحكام  في حالة الفيضان بالبوابات والألواح. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107215"},{"id":107216,"arabic":"مِنقار الدعامة الأماميّ","english":"cut-water","french":"avant-bec [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107216"},{"id":107217,"arabic":"مِنقار دعامة أماميّ غير متماثل","english":"cut-water, asymmetrical","french":"contrefort asymétrique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107217"},{"id":107218,"arabic":"مِنقار دعامة أماميّ بيضيّ","english":"cut-water, elliptical","french":"contrefort elliptique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107218"},{"id":107219,"arabic":"مِنقار دعامة أماميّ متساوي الأضلاع","english":"cut-water, equilateral / cut-water, sixty degree straight sharp","french":"contreforts unilatéraux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107219"},{"id":107220,"arabic":"مِنقار دعامة أماميّ مُدّبَّب","english":"cut-water, pointed (nose) / cut-water, sharp (nose)","french":"contrefort pointu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107220"},{"id":107221,"arabic":"مِنقار دعامة أماميّ حاد الطرف","english":"cut-water, straight (line, surface) sharp","french":"contrefort rectiligne pointu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107221"},{"id":107222,"arabic":"بوابة أُسطوانية","english":"cylinder gate","french":"fermeture cylindrique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107222"},{"id":107223,"arabic":"بوابة أُسطوانية","english":"cylinder gate; cylindrical valve","french":"vanne cylindrique [f.]","description":"في الهندسة الهيدرولية، بوابة تحكم أو حجز أسطوانية الشكل، يُمكن إزاحتها عمودياً. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107223"},{"id":107224,"arabic":"دِعامة أُسطوانية","english":"cylinder pier","french":"pile à cylindres","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107224"},{"id":107225,"arabic":"تخزين يومي","english":"daily storage","french":"(volume) de stockage journalier","description":"كمية المياه التي يمكن تخزينها يومياً في خزان بين المناسيب اليومية الدنيا والقصوى في ظروف الاستخدام العادية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107225"},{"id":107226,"arabic":"سد","english":"dam","french":"barrage","description":"حاجز يُبنى عبر الوادي بهدف حجز المياه أو تكوين خزان لها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107226"},{"id":107227,"arabic":"سّدَّ","english":"dam (to)","french":"barrer qc.; endiguer qc. (techn.)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107227"},{"id":107228,"arabic":"سّدَّ","english":"dam / barrage / embankment / weir","french":"digue [f.] / barrage [m.]","description":"أكوام من الردم الناجم من مواد الأرض والبناء، وجزء منها من الحواجز، والتي تغطيها باستمرار المياه من جانب واحد (على سبيل المثال: سد على نهر، قناطر)، أو قد تكون سداً مبنياً على طريق مروري. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات) (DWA:2009)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107228"},{"id":107229,"arabic":"مِحور السد","english":"dam axis / axis of dam","french":"axe de digue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107229"},{"id":107230,"arabic":"مِحور السد","english":"dam axis / axis of dam","french":"axe de barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107230"},{"id":107231,"arabic":"مِحور السد","english":"dam axis; axis of dam","french":"axe de barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107231"},{"id":107232,"arabic":"مفيض السد","english":"dam overflow / dam spillway","french":"trop-plein du barrage [m.] / déversoir du barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107232"},{"id":107233,"arabic":"سَدُّ تحويل","english":"dam, diversion","french":"digue de dérivation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107233"},{"id":107234,"arabic":"هَدّار تحويل","english":"dam, diversion; weir, diversion","french":"ouvrage de dérivation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107234"},{"id":107235,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مُتَجَانِس","english":"dam, homogeneous","french":"barrage homogène [m.]","description":"سد يتكوّن من مواد متماثلة دون وجود قاطع معين. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107235"},{"id":107236,"arabic":"سَدُّ ترابيّ مدموك","english":"dam, rolled-fill / dam, rolled-earthfill","french":"digue en terre, compactée [f.]","description":"سد يتكوَّن من العديد من الردمات الترابية، التي تنشأ ميكانيكياً بشكل طبقيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107236"},{"id":107237,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مُقَسَّم","english":"dam, zoned / embankment, zoned / composite earth dam","french":"barrage à zones [m.]","description":"سد ينقسم مقطعه العرضي إلى منطقتين واسعتين أو عدة مناطق واسعة ذات تكوينات مختلفة للتربة. (انظر: سَدّ مُقَسَّم إلى نطاقات) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107237"},{"id":107238,"arabic":"سَدّ مُقَسَّم إلى نطاقات","english":"dam, zoned; embankment, zoned; composite earth dam","french":"barrage à zones [m.]","description":"سدٌ يتكوّن مقطعه المُستعرض من نطاقات مُنشأة من مواد مُختلفة ولها درجات نفاذية مختلفة. (انظر: سَدٌّ مُقَسَّم) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107238"},{"id":107239,"arabic":"سد","english":"dam; barrage; embankment; weir","french":"barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107239"},{"id":107240,"arabic":"هَدّار","english":"dam; barrage; weir","french":"déversoir [m.]; barrage [m.]; ouvrage [m.]","description":"حاجز (جزء من قنطرة) يعمل على رفع منسوب المياه، وكذلك التحكم في تصريفها. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107240"},{"id":107241,"arabic":"قنطرة","english":"damming stage","french":"étage de retenue [m.]","description":"(انظر: [حاجز نهريّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104308))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107241"},{"id":107242,"arabic":"مَخْزون مَيت","english":"dead storage","french":"réserve morte [f.]","description":"جزء من حيّز التخزين دون الحد الأدنى لمنسوب المياه، والذي لا يُمكن تفريغه طبيعياً. رمز المُعادلات: IT وحدة القياس: م³ (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107242"},{"id":107243,"arabic":"منسوب التخزين الميت","english":"dead storage level","french":"niveau d’eau morte emmagasinée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107243"},{"id":107244,"arabic":"حوض تجميع الطمي المُترسّب","english":"debris basin / sediment pool","french":"dépotoir à alluvions [m.]","description":"حوض يستقبل الرسابة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107244"},{"id":107245,"arabic":"سَدٌّ بواجهة غير مسطحة مثبت بدعامات","english":"decked buttress dam","french":"mur de barrage à contreforts [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107245"},{"id":107246,"arabic":"سَدٌّ بواجهة غير مسطحة مثبت بدعامات","english":"decked buttress dam","french":"mur de barrage sans plaques [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107246"},{"id":107247,"arabic":"صِمام تخفيف الضَغْط","english":"decompression valve","french":"réducteur de pression [m.]","description":"صمام يُستخدم لتخفيف الضغط، ويُركب، مثلاً، في خط فرعي للري بالرش. ويُستخدم هذا الصمام لري أرضٍ مُنخفضة المنسوب بشكل ملحوظ عن المنطقة المُحيطة بها، وذلك حتى لا يكون الضغط الناشيء فيها أعلى من الضغط المعتاد للري بالرش.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107247"},{"id":107248,"arabic":"بئر عميقة","english":"deep well","french":"puits à grande profondeur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107248"},{"id":107249,"arabic":"قيمة قياسية","english":"default setting/value","french":"valeur par défaut [f.]","description":"قناة تصريف تُستخدم لنقل مياه الفيضان، وعادة ما تُستخدم في أراضي المراعي. (انظر: قناة فرعية) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107249"},{"id":107250,"arabic":"شفة","english":"deflector / sealing bucket","french":"nez d’amorçage [m.]","description":"يكون في أنظمة تحويل الطاقة بمثابة عنصراً إضافياً في أنبوب السيفون لتحقيق أكبر قدر من التدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107250"},{"id":107251,"arabic":"درجة التشبّع","english":"degree of saturation","french":"degré de saturation [m.]","description":"رشاشات لها على الأقل منفذ واحد بقطر يزيد على 12.5 مليمتر، وتزود أحياناً بنبيطة لتقسيم قطاع المنفذ. (انظر: [مدفع المطر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107925)) الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107251"},{"id":107252,"arabic":"مِضَخّات الدَّفع","english":"delivery pump","french":"pompes de refoulement [f.]","description":"المنطقة التي يمكن ريّها فعلياً. وتتحدد مساحة هذه المنطقة بالهكتار (عشرة آلاف متر مُكعب). (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107252"},{"id":107253,"arabic":"معدل الدفق","english":"delivery, rate of / delivery","french":"vitesse de transport [f.]","description":"مُنشأة تُمكن الأسماك والثعابين من تخطي درجات في قاع المجرى المائي. (DIN 4047-5)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107253"},{"id":107254,"arabic":"عتبة مُسنَّنة","english":"dentated sill","french":"seuil denté","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية، عتب النهاية المُزود بكتل بناء ضخمة موضوعه فوقه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107254"},{"id":107255,"arabic":"تَوضُّع الطمي","english":"Deposition of silt","french":"dépôt de limon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107255"},{"id":107256,"arabic":"يَنْبوع انخفاضيّ","english":"depression spring","french":"source de dépression [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107256"},{"id":107257,"arabic":"عُمْق الرؤية","english":"depth of visibility","french":"limite de visibilité [f.]","description":"نسبة التدفق المُقرر إلى متوسط تدفق المياه في السنة العادية (السنة ذات النسب المتوسطة المُعتادة). رمز المُعادلات: F\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107257"},{"id":107258,"arabic":"تحلية (نزع الملوحة)","english":"desalination; desalting","french":"dessalement","description":"عملية تؤدي إلى تخفيض كمية الأملاح في المياه بحيث تصبح صالحة للاستخدام البشري أو الحيواني أو الصناعي أو أي استخدامات أخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107258"},{"id":107259,"arabic":"عَتَبة ساقِطة","english":"descending crest","french":"couronne descendante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107259"},{"id":107260,"arabic":"تجفيف","english":"desiccation / drying up","french":"desséchement [m.] / essuyage [m.] / dessiccation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107260"},{"id":107261,"arabic":"عِدان المَيّ","english":"design discharge","french":"débit de dimensionnement","description":"التدفق الحجمي الذي صُمّمت وفقه محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرمائية أو خط المياه. رمز المُعادلات: Qa. وحدة القياس: متر مُكعب/ ثانية. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107261"},{"id":107262,"arabic":"مخطط الفيضان","english":"design flood","french":"crue de projet","description":"المستوى الافتراضي الذي يُحسب باحتمال حدوث الفيضانات (مرة كل 100 سنة) ويستخدم مؤشراً في تصميم المنشآت المائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107262"},{"id":107263,"arabic":"تصريف فيضان التصميم الهندسي","english":"design flood discharge","french":"débit de crue de dimensionnement [m.]","description":"أقصى تدفق مُمكن في فترة تواتر معينة، والذي تُصَمم مُنشأة تخزين مياه على أساسه. وبالنسبة للسدود المُقامة على وديان يجب التفرقة بين تدفق فيضان التصميم الهندسي (bz\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107263"},{"id":107264,"arabic":"رَسْم مائيّ لفيضان تصميميّ","english":"design flood hydrograph","french":"courbe des débits de crue nominale","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107264"},{"id":107265,"arabic":"تصميم قنوات الريّ","english":"design of irrigation canals","french":"planification de canaux d’irrigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107265"},{"id":107266,"arabic":"مخطط عاصفة المطر","english":"design storm","french":"averse de projet","description":"تقدير ارتفاع وتوزيع الأمطار في حوض الصرف من أجل حساب مخطط الفيضان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107266"},{"id":107267,"arabic":"مُقَّنن مائيّ تصميميّ","english":"designed water charge","french":"fourniture d’eau nominale [f.]","description":"بوابة فتحة مكوّنة أساساً من لوح وجهيّ مُركب على كمرات في مُنشآت التحويل أو مُنشآت التنظيم، وتستند بالتالي إلى رافعات رأسية في حانبيّ البوابة، أمّا العجلات أو البكرات فتتصل بالرافعات الأساسية لكي تنقل ثقل المياه على البوابة إلى مساراتها المُتصلة بالدعامات أو بالأكتاف. هذا والمواضع الثابت للعجلات والبكرات هي التي تُحدد الاسم الذي يُطلق على هذا النوع من البوابات. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107267"},{"id":107268,"arabic":"تطهير المجاري المائية من الحمأة","english":"desludging of lakes and rivers","french":"enlèvement des boues dans un cours d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107268"},{"id":107269,"arabic":"حوض لاحتجاز مياه الفيضان مؤقتاً","english":"detention basin","french":"bassin de retenue","description":"خزان يستخدم لتخفيض منسوب المياه المتدفقة في مجرى مائي في ذروة الفيضان بالتخزين المؤقت.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107269"},{"id":107270,"arabic":"خزان لاحتجاز مياه الفيضان","english":"detention reservoir","french":"réservoir de contrôle des crue","description":"خزان يستقطب المياه الفائضة أثناء الفيضانات مزود بمصارف مفتوحة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107270"},{"id":107271,"arabic":"تخزين مؤقت","english":"detention storage","french":"stockage temporaire","description":"كمية الأمطار التي تخزن، خلال عاصفة المطر أو بعدها مباشرة، في شبكة المجاري المائية أو في طريقها إليها. والتخزين المؤقت يشمل الحجز السطحي والحجز في الشبكة ولكنه لا يشمل التخزين في منخفضات التربة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107271"},{"id":107272,"arabic":"قطاع مجرى","english":"development reach","french":"zone d'aménagement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107272"},{"id":107273,"arabic":"تجفيف","english":"dewatering","french":"drainage","description":"إزالة المياه المجمّعة في التربة أو في تجويف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107273"},{"id":107274,"arabic":"تحويض المياه","english":"dewatering / ponding","french":"assèchement / épuisement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107274"},{"id":107275,"arabic":"ممر سمك مشقوق في خط قُطريّ","english":"diagonal baulk fish pass","french":"passe à poissons avec poutre en diagonale [f.]","description":"ممر للأسماك يتكوّن من عوارض مصنوعة من الخشب أو الخرسانة، ويسري قطرياً (بزاوية ميل تتراوح من 25 درجة الى 45 درجة) على جانب مجرى النهر من السد ذي انحدار ضئيل. وتتمثل وظيفة الممر في توفير مجرى يستقبل تدفق المياه، بحيث يكون عميقاً وواسعاً بدرجة كافية تسمح للأسماك بعبور الحواجز.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107275"},{"id":107276,"arabic":"سَدّ مثبت بدعامات ذوات رؤوس متعددة الأضلاع","english":"diamond head buttress dam","french":"mur de barrage à tête rhomboïdale [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107276"},{"id":107277,"arabic":"جدار حاجِز","english":"diaphragm wall","french":"voile d'étanchéité","description":"طبقة إحكام قرصية الشكل، توضع أسفل سطح الأرض وفي السدود.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107277"},{"id":107278,"arabic":"صِهريج تَمُّور تفاضليّ","english":"differential surge tank","french":"chambre d’équilibre différentielle [f.]","description":"صهريج التمور هو غرفة ذات مُستوى حُر للمياه (غرفة أمواج)، والتي يتم توفيرها في المرحلة الانتقالية من رواق أو أنبوب لأنابيب الضغط من أجل حماية نفق أو أنبوب ضد تقلبات ضغط الزائد. وصهريج التمور التفاضلي هو خزان زيادة الاختناق بالإضافة إلى الأنبوب الصاعد في المنتصف أو على الجانب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107278"},{"id":107279,"arabic":"بئر رشح","english":"diffusion well","french":"puits d'infiltration","description":"بئر تغذية يصل عمقه إلى المنطقة غير المشبعة فقط وهو بذلك يختلف عن بئر حقن.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107279"},{"id":107280,"arabic":"حاجز","english":"dike","french":"digue; épi","description":"ردم اصطناعي يُستخدم لاحتواء مياه نهر في قطاع مُحَدَّد أو للوقاية من الفيضانات الناجمة عن الأمواج أو المد والجزر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107280"},{"id":107281,"arabic":"طريق الدخول للحاجِز","english":"dike access way; way to the dike","french":"chemin d’accès à la digue [m.]","description":"طريق مُمهد مؤدي إلى طريق الدفاع عن السد، والذي لا يتعرّض للغمر حتى مع المناسيب الداخلية المُرتفعة نسبياً للمياه، ويكون أيضاً صالحاً للاستعمال. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107281"},{"id":107282,"arabic":"حِماية الحاجِز","english":"dike defence; dike protection","french":"défense de digue [f.]","description":"مجمل تدابير الطوارئ التي تُتخذ في حالة حدوث الفيضانات، من أجل الحفاظ على وظيفة السد في حالة الأعطال التي قد تنطوي على خطر (على سبيل المثال، الصرف التحميلي للأراضي) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107282"},{"id":107283,"arabic":"حاجز مُباشر","english":"dike direct along a water way; levee, direct","french":"digue longeant directement le cours d'eau","description":"حاجز يقع على ضفة النهر مُباشرةً، أي لا تفصلهما أي مساحة أرضية. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107283"},{"id":107284,"arabic":"خندق حاجِز","english":"dike drainage ditch","french":"fossé de digue [m.]","description":"حفرة تصريف موازية لقدمة السد الداخلية، حيث تقوم بجمع وتصريف المياه الراشحة. (انظر: [خندق جانبي للحاجِز](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107285)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107284"},{"id":107285,"arabic":"خندق جانبي للحاجِز","english":"dike drainage ditch","french":"fossé de digue [m.]","description":"حفرة التصريف الموازية لقدمة السد الداخلية، والتي تعمل على تجميع مياه الرشح وتوزيعها. (انظر: [خندق حاجِز](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107284)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107285"},{"id":107286,"arabic":"ارتفاع الحاجِز","english":"dike height","french":"hauteur de digue [f.]","description":"المسافة العمودية بين ارتفاع الأرض عند قدمة السد (في نطاق محمل السد) وبين أعلى نقطة عند السطح العُلوي للسد (ناحية الماء والهواء). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107286"},{"id":107287,"arabic":"فحص دوري للسد","english":"dike inspection","french":"Inspection de digue","description":"فحص دوري للمعايير الخاصة بسد ما، وكذلك المُنشآت والمرافق الخاصة به ومُنشآت الحماية، ويُجريه مُنفذ أعمال الدعم والبناء والصيانة في الموقع. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107287"},{"id":107288,"arabic":"مُخطَّط الحاجِز","english":"dike line","french":"ligne de digue [f.]","description":"مسار السد بكل ما يحويه من مُنشآت ومرافق، ومن المُمكن أن يقع عدد من خطوط السد بعضها خلف بعض. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107288"},{"id":107289,"arabic":"بَوّاَبة الحاجِز","english":"dike lock","french":"écluse [f.]","description":"مُنشأ في خط السد لتمرير مجرى مياه سطحية إلى المنبع المُزوّد بتجهيزة غلق في حالة الفيضان. (انظر: [فتحة الضفة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108069)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107289"},{"id":107290,"arabic":"منطقة حِماية الحاجِز","english":"dike protection zone","french":"bande de protection de digue [f.]","description":"الشرائح الموجودة ناحية قدمة الجسر البريّة والبحريّة، والتي تعمل على مُراقبة السد والحفاظ عليه. وهي تخضع لقيود خاصة بالاستخدام. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107290"},{"id":107291,"arabic":"مُنحدَر الحاجِز","english":"dike ramp","french":"rampe de digue [f.]","description":"جانب السد الموازي لخطه الرئيسي، ويُمكن بناء طريق مروري عليه. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107291"},{"id":107292,"arabic":"طريق حِماية الحاجِز","english":"dike road","french":"chemin de défense de digue [m.]","description":"طريق مُمهّد على طول الجانب الداخلي من السد، الذي لا يُغمر بالمياه حتى مع المناسيب الداخلية المُرتفعة نسبياً للمياه ويستخدم هذا الطريق في صيانة السد وحمايته. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107292"},{"id":107293,"arabic":"كتف السد","english":"dike shoulder","french":"épaulement de digue [m.]","description":"منطقة انتقالية من قمة السد حتى انحداره. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107293"},{"id":107294,"arabic":"جسر السد","english":"dike slope","french":"talus de digue [m.]","description":"السطح الجانبي المائل للسد. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107294"},{"id":107295,"arabic":"قدمة السد","english":"dike toe","french":"pied de digue [m.]","description":"الجزء السفلي من جسر السد عند موضع الالتقاء مع الأرض (قدمة السد الداخلية والخارجية). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107295"},{"id":107296,"arabic":"حاجِز تحت المُراقبة","english":"dike, inspected","french":"digue examinée [f.]","description":"حاجز نهريّ خاضع للمُراقبة الحكومية بموجب القانون. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107296"},{"id":107297,"arabic":"حاجز تُرابي وسيط","english":"dike, secondary","french":"digue moyenne [f.]","description":"ضفة الخط الثاني للحواجز الترابية، وهذا الحاجز يحدّ من حدوث فيض في حالة انكسار ضفة الخط الأول للحواجز الترابية. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107297"},{"id":107298,"arabic":"سَدّ من الصلب من النوع المدعوم مباشرة","english":"direct strutted type steel dam","french":"barrage acier, à étai direct [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107298"},{"id":107299,"arabic":"مُهَايئ التَصْريف","english":"discharge adapter","french":"divergent sur le refoulement de la pompe [f.]","description":"جزء مُجهز قرب رأس شبكة الأنابيب للانتقال بزيادة قطر الماسورة من القدر المُناسب لتصريف المضخة إلى قطر الخط الرئيسي في الشبكة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107299"},{"id":107300,"arabic":"تصريف عند رأس الرشاش","english":"discharge at the sprinkler","french":"débit d’arroseur [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة كمية المياه التي تتدفق من خلال الرشاش على الوقت الذي تستغرقه تلك العملية. ويُقاس مُعدل التدفق في الرشاش بالمتر المُكعب في الساعة. رمز المُعادلات: QR (انظر: التفريغ عند الرشاش) (DIN 4047-6:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107300"},{"id":107301,"arabic":"تفريغ (ال...) عند الرشاش","english":"discharge at the sprinkler","french":"débit d'arroseur [m.]","description":"(انظر: [تصريف عند رأس الرشاش](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107300))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107301"},{"id":107302,"arabic":"مَجرى منحدر","english":"discharge channel","french":"canal de décharge [m.]","description":"جزء المخلص الذي يمتد من المُنظم إلى مبدد الطاقة أو إلى النهاية الخلفية للمخلص. (انظر: حامل تصريف) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107302"},{"id":107303,"arabic":"دليل مخرج خلفيّ","english":"discharge channel; tailrace","french":"enfouissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107303"},{"id":107304,"arabic":"قناة خلفية","english":"discharge channel; tailrace channel","french":"enfouissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107304"},{"id":107305,"arabic":"خنادق تحويل مياه الصرف","english":"discharge ditches","french":"fossés de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107305"},{"id":107306,"arabic":"ماسورة تصريف","english":"discharge pipe","french":"conduite d'évacuation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107306"},{"id":107307,"arabic":"أُنْبوبة ضغْط","english":"discharge pipe","french":"conduite de refoulement","description":"وصلة ضغط مصنوعة من الأنابيب المغمورة أو الحُرة. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107307"},{"id":107308,"arabic":"التدفق المتاح","english":"discharge, available","french":"affluent disponible [m.]","description":"تصريف مجرى مائيّ أو خزان يتبع مَحطَّة توليد طاقة كهْرومائية. رمز المُعادلات: V3/ث (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107308"},{"id":107309,"arabic":"ممر سمك لقناة مُقَعرَّة","english":"dished channel fish pass","french":"rigole passe à poisson continue [f.]","description":"في قناطر الحجز، هو المقطع المُستعرض لهدّار سيفونيّ، والذي تتدفق المياه خلاله. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107309"},{"id":107310,"arabic":"تَخلّص من المُخلّفات","english":"disposal of waste; waste disposal","french":"élimination des déchets [f.]; enlèvement des ordures [m.]","description":"مسار الفيضان حين تعبر موجة الفيضان خزاناً. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107310"},{"id":107311,"arabic":"حَوْض توزيع","english":"distribution basin","french":"bassin de distribution [m.]","description":"(انظر: [حوض تعويض](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109798))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107311"},{"id":107312,"arabic":"كفاءة التوزيع","english":"distribution efficiency","french":"rendement de distribution [m.]","description":"نسبة احتياج حقل للمياه إلى إجمالي كمية الاحتياج للمياه. رمز المُعادلات: v\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107312"},{"id":107313,"arabic":"مقطع مستعرض مُوَزَّع","english":"distribution in cross section","french":"section segmentée [f.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، تعبير يُطلق على المقطع المُستعرض للتصريف، الذي يتباين فيه عُمق المياه و/أو درجات الوعورة بحيث يكون في كل جزء من هذا المقطع سُرعات تدفق مُختلفة تماماً مما عند غيره من الأجزاء. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107313"},{"id":107314,"arabic":"أنبوب توزيع","english":"distribution piping","french":"tuyauterie de distribution [f.]","description":"نظام أنبوبيّ لتوصيل العديد من الماكينات الهيدرولية بأنبوب ضغط. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107314"},{"id":107315,"arabic":"نِظام التوزيع","english":"distribution system","french":"réseau de distribution [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107315"},{"id":107316,"arabic":"مُوَزِّع","english":"distributor (turbine)","french":"aubages directionnels","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107316"},{"id":107317,"arabic":"خندق","english":"ditch","french":"fossé","description":"قناة مكشوفة اصطناعية، ذات أبعاد صغيرة، تُحفر في الأرض أو الصخر لنقل المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107317"},{"id":107318,"arabic":"تحويل المياه","english":"diversion canal","french":"dérivation des eaux","description":"1- معبر في المياه، يُصرف فيه مجرى مائي أو قناة صرف صحي أو أنبوب صرف أو ما شابه ذلك أو قطع في الطريق (على سبيل المثال: جسور الأنابيب، جسور القنوات، جسور خطوط الأنابيب). 2- الصرف من حوض نهر إلى حوض نهر مجاور مرورا بخط تقسيم المياه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107318"},{"id":107319,"arabic":"عُلُوّ التَحْويل","english":"diversion head","french":"hauteur de chute de dérivation [f.]","description":"الفرق في ارتفاع منسوب المياه بين نقطتي البداية (المأخذ) والنهاية (التصريف) الخاصتين بمجرى تحويل مرتبط بمحطة توليد طاقة كهرومائية من مياه جارية. ويتطابق علوّ (ضاغط) التحويل مع العلوّ الكُلّي الخاص بمحطة تخزين الطاقة. رمز المُعادلات: U\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107319"},{"id":107320,"arabic":"‌مُنشأة الريّ الرئيسية","english":"diversion structure / weir / dam","french":"installation de barrages","description":"سدٌ مُزوَّد بخزان أو حوض تخزين. وهنا يجب التفرقة بين سدود الأودية، وأحواض إعاقة مياه الفيضان والقناطر، وخزّانات التجميع بالضخ، وأحواض الترويق، وبرك التخزين، وحواجز إبطاء تدفقات المجاري المائية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107320"},{"id":107321,"arabic":"حائط فاصل","english":"dividing wall / dividing groyne","french":"plate-forme de séparation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107321"},{"id":107322,"arabic":"دعَامَة فَصْل","english":"division pier","french":"poteau de séparation [m.]","description":"دعامات الهدّار المُصممة على أسس هيدروديناميكية، وتُقَام بين الهدّار ومبنى توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107322"},{"id":107323,"arabic":"سدّ مُقبب","english":"dome dam","french":"barrage à dôme [m.]","description":"سد مقوس بشكل مضاعف ذو أنصاف أقطار مُختلفة، وزوايا الفتح الموجودة في كافة المقاطع الأفقية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107323"},{"id":107324,"arabic":"سَديلَةٌ مُزْدَوِجَةُ","english":"double flap","french":"double clapet [m.]","description":"بوابة هدّار يتم التحكم فيها هيدرولياً، وتتكوّن من مصراعين، يستندان على بعضهما البعض على هيئة سقف هرمي (هدار سقفي). (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107324"},{"id":107325,"arabic":"بسَديلَةٌ مُزْدَوِجَةُ سَدّ","english":"double flap dam","french":"barrage à double clapet [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107325"},{"id":107326,"arabic":"بوابة مزدوجة","english":"double gates","french":"vannes levantes doubles","description":"بوابتان إحداهما فوق الأخرى، وذلك لتنفيذ عمليات التشغيل اللازمة. وهذا يعني اكتمال رفع ما يتجاوز المنسوب الحُر للمياه، وصرف التدفق الزائد عن الحد بين البوابتين العلوية والسفلية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107326"},{"id":107327,"arabic":"بوابة هدّار مزدوجة خطافية","english":"double leaf gate; lifting hook type","french":"double contacteur à crochet [m.]","description":"في مُنشآت تخزين المياه، مِصراع يتكوَّن من بوابتين، البوابة العليا منه تكون على شكل بوابة هدّار خطافية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107327"},{"id":107328,"arabic":"لوح الغُثاء","english":"downflow baffle; scumboard; skimmer wall","french":"cloison siphoïde [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107328"},{"id":107329,"arabic":"ضد التيار","english":"downstream","french":"en aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107329"},{"id":107330,"arabic":"سافلة النهر","english":"downstream","french":"en aval","description":"أنبوب، أو فتحة صرف (فتحة المجد)، أو نفق، أو مجرى بين مُنشأة دخول الدفق، ومُنشأة تبديد الطاقة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107330"},{"id":107331,"arabic":"جانب الصّبَب","english":"downstream face","french":"parement aval [m.]","description":"جانب السدّ البعيد عن خزان أو حوض احتجاز المياه. (DIN 4048-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107331"},{"id":107332,"arabic":"وَاجِهَة الهَدَّار ناحية الصَبَب","english":"downstream face of a weir","french":"crête de barrage [f.]","description":"السطح العلويّ للكتلة الحاجزة أو لعتبة الهَدَّار والذي يكون مائلاً ومواجهاً لناحية الهواء. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107332"},{"id":107333,"arabic":"أرضية الصّبَب (أرضية النهر ناحية مهبط التيار المائيّ)","english":"downstream floor","french":"terrain nutritif [m.]","description":"قاع نهر مُمهّد (مُثبت) يوجد خلف حوض تهدئة مُباشرةً كوسيلة حماية من الجير. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107333"},{"id":107334,"arabic":"قدمة خلفية","english":"downstream toe","french":"pied aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107334"},{"id":107335,"arabic":"مصفاة حقلية","english":"drain","french":"purge [f.]","description":"أنبوب ذو جدار منفذ و/أو ذو دفاعات مُنفذة لتصريف المياه من موقع العمل، أو لتلقي المياه الراشحة أو مياه المطر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107335"},{"id":107336,"arabic":"عمق أنبوب الصرف","english":"drain depth","french":"profondeur de drainage [f.]","description":"المسافة بين قاع المصرف وسطح الأرض. رمز المُعادلات: t (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107336"},{"id":107337,"arabic":"مجمع المصارف","english":"drain division","french":"service de drainage [m.]","description":"المصرف النهائي، الذي تنتقل إليه المياه المُنصرفة من مصبات مُشتركة. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107337"},{"id":107338,"arabic":"مِصفاة المَصْرِف","english":"drain filter","french":"filtre de drainage [m.]","description":"مادة مُرَشِحة تتخذ شكل الحزم الحُرة، أو شكل وسيلة جاهزة لتغليف الأنابيب، وتكون مُركّبة مع أنبوب الصرف. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107338"},{"id":107339,"arabic":"جلبة وصل أنبوب الصرف","english":"drain pipe socket","french":"manchon de tube de drainage [m.]","description":"قطعة مصبوبة تعمل على الربط بين أنابيب الصرف. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107339"},{"id":107340,"arabic":"خندق أنبوب المَصْرِف","english":"drain pipe trench","french":"fossé à tubes de drainage [m.]","description":"خندق يتم حفره لتمديد أنابيب الصرف، ثم يُرْدَم بعد ذلك. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107340"},{"id":107341,"arabic":"منشور مَصْرِفيّ","english":"drain prism; filter layer","french":"prisme de drainage [m.]","description":"جسم يسرّب المياه، يتكوّن من مادة مُنفِذة، ويوجد في الناحية البرية لقدمة الجسر. ويجب أن يكون له نفس التأثير الترشيحي مع مواد التربة المُحيطة. (انظر: [منشور المَصْرِف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107342)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507 - 1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107341"},{"id":107342,"arabic":"منشور المَصْرِف","english":"drain prism; filter layer","french":"prisme de drainage [m.]","description":"(انظر: (رابط: منشور مَصْرِفيّ)))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107342"},{"id":107343,"arabic":"مصرف مائيّ عرضيّ","english":"drain running parallel to contour lines","french":"drain transversal [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، مصرف جانبيّ يوازي تقريباً الخطوط الكنتورية للموقع.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107343"},{"id":107344,"arabic":"خندق مَصْرِفيّ","english":"drain trench","french":"tranchée pour drain [f.]","description":"خندق طولي ضيق يُحفر للتمكن من عمل مصرف مغطى. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107344"},{"id":107345,"arabic":"بئر صرف","english":"drain well / relief well / pressure relief well","french":"puits de décompression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107345"},{"id":107346,"arabic":"مَصْرِف طوليّ","english":"drain, longitudinal","french":"drain longitudinal [m.]","description":"في شبكات صرف المياه، مصرف يكاد يكون موازياً لخط السقوط (خط تدفق المياه)، الذي يتّبع أكبر تدرّج للمُنحدر الأرضي. قارن: 'مصرف عرضي'","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107346"},{"id":107347,"arabic":"أنبوب صرف تحت سطح التربة","english":"drain, subsoil","french":"drain d'épandage souterrain [m.]","description":"خطوط أنابيب تنقل من خلالها المياه إلى باطن الأرض. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107347"},{"id":107348,"arabic":"صَرْف","english":"drainage","french":"drainage [m.]","description":"تجهيزة تصريف، تُعد عُنصراً لصرف ماء التخلل دون ضغط. ويجب أن يكون له نفس تأثير المُرشح مع مواد التربة المُحيطة. (انظر: [مصرف مدفون](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105623)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107348"},{"id":107349,"arabic":"بَرْبَخ صَرْف","english":"drainage culvert / supply culvert","french":"conduite enterrée de drainage [f.]","description":"(انظر: مياه أرتوازية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107349"},{"id":107350,"arabic":"نِظام صَرْف ذو جَرَيان مضغوط","english":"drainage system, siphonic","french":"système d’évacuation siphoïde [m.]","description":"الفرق في الضغط بين منسوب المياه السفلية وبين كل من: أ) الحافة السفلية للدفاعة المروحية عند استخدام توربينات 'فرانسيس' المزوّدة بعمود أفقي، ب) متوسط محور الارتكاز الخاص بالرياش المروحية عند استخدام توربينات 'كابلان' ذات العمود الأفقيّ، ج) الحافة العليا للدفاعة المروحية عند استخدام توربينات 'فرانسيس' و'كابلان' ذات العمود الرأسيّ. رمز المُعادلات: hDg.geo. وحدة القياس: متر. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107350"},{"id":107351,"arabic":"صَرْف زراعيّ","english":"drainage, agricultural","french":"assainissement agricole [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107351"},{"id":107352,"arabic":"مِنطقة بحاجة لإنشاء شبكة صرف بها","english":"drainage, area demanding","french":"surface devant être drainée [f.]","description":"جدار غير عميق في منشآت الري الرئيسية يُنشأ تحت القاع أو منسوب الفرش ليكوِّن نهاية راسخة للتكسية المائلة أو لواجهة ميل السد الترابيّ. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107352"},{"id":107353,"arabic":"تركيب قنوات الصرف بدون حفر","english":"drainage, trenchless","french":"drainage par tubes sans fossé [m.]","description":"طريقة تستخدم عند تصريف المياه من المنشئات المائية للأغراض الزراعية حيث تتم إزالة التربة بواسطة جهاز خاص بماكينات التصريف في نفس الوقت الذي تركّب فيه أنابيب التصريف. حيث يتم توصيل أنابيب التصريف في الجهاز.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107353"},{"id":107354,"arabic":"مصارف قاطعة للانحدار","english":"drainage-type terraces; cross-slope ditch system","french":"système de fossés transversaux [m.]","description":"نظام لصرف المياه من التلال ذات الينابيع التسربيّة. وتوضع المصارف المغطاة على طول جانب التل لتحتوي رشح المياه وتمنعها من الوصول إلى أسفل الأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107354"},{"id":107355,"arabic":"خَفْض (منسوب المياه)","english":"drawdown (lowering of water table)","french":"rabattement du niveau d'eau [m.]","description":"طريقة من طرق الري تحت الأرضي، وفيها تُستخدم خنادق حدّية بالتبادل أثناء فترة الري تحت الأرضي بغرض الإمداد بالمياه وتحويلها. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107355"},{"id":107356,"arabic":"مخطط","english":"drawing; outline; sketch","french":"croquis [m.]","description":"محطة طاقة كهرومائية مُنشاة في مجرى النهر. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107356"},{"id":107357,"arabic":"بَيان السحْب","english":"draw-off statement","french":"état des capacités partielles d'un canal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107357"},{"id":107358,"arabic":"تصريف بالسحب","english":"draw-off; drawoff","french":"prélèvement d'eau aux fins de production","description":"كمية المياه المستخرجة من خزان أو من أي جزء من شبكة هيدروغرافية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107358"},{"id":107359,"arabic":"حَفَرَ","english":"dredge (to) / excavate (to)","french":"creuser","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107359"},{"id":107360,"arabic":"كراءة","english":"dredger","french":"bateau-drague [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107360"},{"id":107361,"arabic":"كرى","english":"dredging","french":"dragage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107361"},{"id":107362,"arabic":"حَمْأَة الحفر بالكَرَّاكة","english":"dredging sludge","french":"boues de dragage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107362"},{"id":107363,"arabic":"صمام نفايات","english":"drift valve","french":"clapet des matières flottantes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107363"},{"id":107364,"arabic":"رَيّ بالتنقيط","english":"drip irrigation","french":"irrigation au goutte à goutte [f.]","description":"طريقة للري يتم فيها رش المياه على هيئة قطرات تحت ضغط تشغيل مُنخفض. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107364"},{"id":107365,"arabic":"خَط الرَيّ بالتنقيط","english":"dripper lateral","french":"baveur; goutteur; juteur","description":"وصلة أنبوب أو وصلة خرطوم مُزودة بقطَّارات. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107365"},{"id":107366,"arabic":"المسافة بين القَطّارات","english":"dripper space","french":"espacements de goutteurs","description":"المسافة بين كل قطّارتين متجاورتين ووصلة الموزع. وتُحسب المسافة الخاصة بالقطَّارة بالمتر. رمز المُعادلات: b. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107366"},{"id":107367,"arabic":"ريّ بالرذاذ المطريّ","english":"drizzling rain irrigation","french":"irrigation par pulvérisation [f.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، رش المياه بكيفية تساعد على ضبط رطوبة الهواء ودرجة حرارته بما يناسب النباتات. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107367"},{"id":107368,"arabic":"هَدَّار محكوم","english":"drowned drop; submerged drop","french":"chute noyée","description":"مسقط يكون فيه منسوب الماء الخلفيّ في القناة أعلى من عتبة المسقط. وفيه يتأثر مقدار التصريف ومنسوب الماء الأماميّ بمنسوب الماء في الخلف. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107368"},{"id":107369,"arabic":"نَفْث غاطس","english":"drowned jet; submerged jet; immersion jet","french":"jet noyé","description":"نفث مغمور تماماً في المياه ويخترقها بسرعة أعلى بكثير من سرعتها. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107369"},{"id":107370,"arabic":"بوابة برميلية","english":"drum gate","french":"vanne à tambour [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107370"},{"id":107371,"arabic":"ثَقْب جافّ","english":"dry bore","french":"forage à sec [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107371"},{"id":107372,"arabic":"دِعامة جرس أصم","english":"dumb bell pier","french":"pile à deux colonnes reliées par un mur","description":"دُعامة مُكوّنة من عمودين من الخرسانة (أعمدة RCC)، وتكون مُتصلة معاً بواسطة ألواح خرسانية رقيقة على الارتفاع الكامل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107372"},{"id":107373,"arabic":"إنشاء حاجز","english":"dyking","french":"endiguement [m.]","description":"التحكم في المياه عن طريق وضع أسوار وأسيجة على طول مُسطح مائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107373"},{"id":107374,"arabic":"منسوب المياه المتحرك","english":"dynamic water level","french":"niveau dynamique de l'eau","description":"العمق الذي تستقر عنده المياه في بئر يجري الضخ منه بمعدل معين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107374"},{"id":107375,"arabic":"سَدّ ترابيّ","english":"earth dam / embankment dam","french":"digue en déblais [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107375"},{"id":107376,"arabic":"سَدّ مركّب","english":"earth dam, composite / earth dam, multiple-zoned / earth dam, zoned","french":"digue en terre, à plusieurs couches [f.]","description":"(انظر: [سَدّ (ترابيّ) مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107378)، (انظر: [سَدّ ترابيّ مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107377))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107376"},{"id":107377,"arabic":"سَدّ ترابيّ مركّب","english":"earth dam, composite / earth dam, multiple-zoned / earth dam, zoned","french":"digue en terre, divisée [f.]","description":"(انظر: [سَدّ (ترابيّ) مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107378)، (انظر: [سَدّ مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107376))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107377"},{"id":107378,"arabic":"سَدّ (ترابيّ) مركّب","english":"earth dam, composite / earth dam, multiple-zoned / earth dam, zoned","french":"digue en terre, composée [f.]","description":"سد ترابيّ مدموك، يتكوّن أساساً من قطاع داخليّ غير مُنفذ، مقوى بقطاعين خارجيين أو أكثر من مادة مُنفذة نسبياً (سد ترابيّ بنواة طينية). (انظر: [سَدّ مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107376))، (انظر: [سَدّ ترابيّ مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107377)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DWA): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107378"},{"id":107379,"arabic":"سَدّ ترابيّ متجانس مطور","english":"earth dam, modified homogeneous","french":"digue en terre presque homogène [f.]","description":"سد ترابيّ توضع فيه كميات صغيرة من مادة مُنفذة، للتحكم في التسرّب في سد مُتجانس.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107379"},{"id":107380,"arabic":"ضَغْط التربة الإيجابيّ","english":"earth pressure, active","french":"poussée de la terre, active [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107380"},{"id":107381,"arabic":"سَدّ رُكاميّ مركّب","english":"earth-and-rockfill dam / composite type rockfill dam","french":"barrage en enrochement composée [m.] / barrage terre-roche [m.]","description":"طراز من سد ركاميّ، يتكوّن من ردم ترابيّ غير مُنفذ للماء من الجانب الأماميّ، وركام صخريّ من الجانب الخلفيّ. (انظر: سَدٌّ (ركاميّ) مُرَّكَب) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107381"},{"id":107382,"arabic":"سَدٌّ (ركاميّ) مُرَّكَب","english":"earth-and-rockfill dam / composite type rockfill dam","french":"barrage en enrochement composée [m.] / barrage terre-roche [m.]","description":"(انظر: [سَدّ رُكاميّ مركّب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107381))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107382"},{"id":107383,"arabic":"مِنقار دِعامة خلفيّ","english":"ease-water; fairing","french":"avant-bec sous courant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107383"},{"id":107384,"arabic":"سلم الأنقَلَيْس","english":"eel ladder","french":"échelle à anguilles [f.]","description":"ممر يُمكّن ثعابين الماء والأسماك الشبيهه من النفاذ عبر قنطرة السدّ في كلا الاتجاهين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107384"},{"id":107385,"arabic":"ممر مائيّ خالص أو ممر مائيّ فعال","english":"effective waterway / clear waterway","french":"profil de débit, pur ou utile [m.]","description":"عرض الممر المائي الذي يمر الماء فعلاً من خلاله، ويُحصل عليه بطرح عرض العوائق، مثل عرض الدُعامات الوسطى. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107385"},{"id":107386,"arabic":"بناء سد","english":"embanking","french":"construction de levées [f.] / construction de digues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107386"},{"id":107387,"arabic":"حاجز طوارئ","english":"emergency dike","french":"digue de secours [f.]","description":"حاجز مؤقت يبنى بوسائل بسيطة (أكياس رمال مثلاً) كإجراء للحماية من مياه الفيضان. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107387"},{"id":107388,"arabic":"بوابة طوارئ","english":"emergency gate","french":"fermeture d’inspection [f.]","description":"تجهيزة إغلاق تُستخدم في حالات إجراء أعمال الصيانة والإصلاحات، كما في مُنشآت تخزين المياه مثلاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107388"},{"id":107389,"arabic":"مفيض الطوارئ","english":"emergency spillway","french":"installation de décharge d’urgence [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107389"},{"id":107390,"arabic":"مصرف الطوارئ","english":"emergency spillway","french":"évacuateur de secours","description":"مصرف فرعي يُستخدَم عندما يتجاوز الفيضان قدرة استيعاب المنفذ الرئيسي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107390"},{"id":107391,"arabic":"سدادة نهاية","english":"end plug","french":"bouchon d'extrémité [m.]","description":"(انظر: [سدادة طرفية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109985))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107391"},{"id":107392,"arabic":"طبقة المياه الجوفية المُهددة","english":"endangered groundwater body","french":"masse d'eau souterraine menacée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107392"},{"id":107393,"arabic":"نَبِيطة تبديد الطاقة","english":"energy conversion plant","french":"installation de conversion d’énergie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107393"},{"id":107394,"arabic":"منشأة تخميد الطاقة","english":"energy dissipation structure","french":"installation de conversion d’énergie [f.]","description":"مُنشأة لتبديد الطاقة الحركية الزائدة للمياه بشكل غير ضار. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107394"},{"id":107395,"arabic":"حَافة الحاجِز","english":"environmental conservation strip","french":"berme de protection végétale; berme de protection naturelle","description":"جزء شبه أفقي، وعادةً ما يميل قليلاً إلى جسر السد أو قدمة جسر السد، ويكون في بعض الأحيان طريقاً لسير المركبات. (انظر: بنكيت خلفيّ) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107395"},{"id":107396,"arabic":"فَنيّ بِيئة","english":"environmental technician","french":"fournisseur et enleveur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107396"},{"id":107397,"arabic":"رقم هيدروجينيّ متوازن","english":"equilibrium pH value","french":"pH d'équilibre [m.]","description":"التمثيل البيانيّ للعلاقة بين ارتفاع الماء وحجم المخزون منه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107397"},{"id":107398,"arabic":"خطوط الكفاءة المُتعادلة","english":"equipotential line","french":"courbe équipotentielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107398"},{"id":107399,"arabic":"تآكل الضِّفَّة","english":"eroded river bank","french":"bord érodé d'une rivière [m.]; berge érodée [f.]","description":"(انظر: [جَرْف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107128))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107399"},{"id":107400,"arabic":"تحات ممتد","english":"erosion, headward / erosion, backward / erosion, retrogressive / rear face erosion","french":"érosion, régressive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107400"},{"id":107401,"arabic":"مصب","english":"estuary","french":"estuaire de fleuve à marées [m.]","description":"مُنشأة تخزين مزوّدة بحوض على هيئة بركة (بركة لتربية الأسماك، مثلاً). (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107401"},{"id":107402,"arabic":"الاتحاد الأوروبيّ (EU)","english":"European Union (EU)","french":"union Européenne (UE) [f.]","description":"طريقة ريّ تمارس بإقامة سدود تحويل ترابية عبر مجرى مائي جاف في العادة، وهذه السدود الترابية تحوّل مياه الفيض عبر قنوات إلى حقول مُحاطة بضفاف ترابية، حيث تبقى المياه بها إلى أن تتبخر أو تترشّح ويتم استخدامها. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107402"},{"id":107403,"arabic":"مُبَخِّر","english":"evaporator","french":"évaporateur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107403"},{"id":107404,"arabic":"تَبخُّر ونَتْح","english":"evapotranspiration / consumptive use consumptive water use","french":"évapotranspiration [f.]","description":"سُدادة أو غِطاء عند نهاية خط الرشاشات لإغلاق الخط، وتزوّد غالباً بوسائل لغسل الخط. (انظر: [سدادة نهاية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107391)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107404"},{"id":107405,"arabic":"استهلاك (ال..) المطلق الأمثل للمياه","english":"evapotranspiration / seasonal water consumptive use/ consumptive water use","french":"consommation d’eau pour évaporation et transpiration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107405"},{"id":107406,"arabic":"حفريات ترابية (لغرض إنشاء برك أو بحيرات صناعية ... إلخ)","english":"excavation, flooded","french":"forage (lac formé par travaux d’excavation) [m.]","description":"صرف المياه من مساحات صغيرة عن طريق مصارف مُفردة. (انظر: صَرْف جزئيّ) (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107406"},{"id":107407,"arabic":"رَشْح عكسيّ","english":"exfiltration","french":"fuite [f.] / fuite d'effluent [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107407"},{"id":107408,"arabic":"مَفْصِل تمدّد","english":"expansion joint","french":"élément de dilatation [m.]","description":"جزء من شبكة الأنابيب، يستوعب حدوث استطالات في الشبكة دون وقوع خسائر. (انظر: [وُصْلة تمدّد](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107409)) (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107408"},{"id":107409,"arabic":"وُصْلة تمدّد","english":"expansion joint","french":"élément de dilatation [m.]","description":"جزء من شبكة الأنابيب، يستوعب الاستطالة دون وقوع خسائر. (انظر: مَفْصِل تمدّد) (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107409"},{"id":107410,"arabic":"نفق استكشاف","english":"exploration tunnel","french":"galerie de sondage","description":"(انظر: [بئر استكشاف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108229))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107410"},{"id":107411,"arabic":"مُمطر عِملاق","english":"extra large rainer","french":"canon d'arrosage [m.]","description":"(انظر: [مدفع المطر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107925))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107411"},{"id":107412,"arabic":"تكسية الأسطح","english":"facing","french":"etanchéité de surface [f.]","description":"التكسية المانعة للتسريب الموجودة على الجدار المواجهة للمياه، والتي تتكوّن من مواد بناء طبيعية أو اصطناعية. (انظر: [تكسية بغشاء خارجي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107413)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107412"},{"id":107413,"arabic":"تكسية بغشاء خارجي","english":"facing / membrane, (outer) facing","french":"étanchéité extérieure [f.]","description":"كسوة مانعة للتسريب مُكوّنة من مواد بنائية طبيعية أو صناعية، وهي تُركّب على الضفة المواجهة للمياه . (انظر: [تكسية الأسطح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107412)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107413"},{"id":107414,"arabic":"هَدّار بمصراع هابط","english":"falling crest weir; falling shutter weir","french":"barrage à hausses rabattables","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107414"},{"id":107415,"arabic":"منظومة الري بالرش","english":"farm sprinkler method","french":"installation d’irrigation pour une exploitation agricole [f.]","description":"جهاز يقتصر استخدامه على رُقعة أرض مُعينة أو وحدة من مزرعة، يتم بشكل أساسي رش المياه عليها. ويتكوّن الجهاز عادةً من آلة ضخ (باستثناء الحالات التي يكون فيها منسوب المصدر المائي مُرتفعاً بقدر كاف) للإمداد بماء تحت ضغط، وكذلك خطوط أنابيب لتوصيل الماء من المضخة إلى جميع أجزاء المزرعة، ونبيطة أو أكثر لاستخدام الماء بالتربة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107415"},{"id":107416,"arabic":"شَدَّة","english":"fascine","french":"fascine [f.]","description":"حزمة من الفروع والأغصان المرنة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107416"},{"id":107417,"arabic":"حصيرة شَدّة","english":"fascine mat","french":"tapis de fascines [m.]","description":"عنصر بناء مُجهز من أغصان مرنة وفروع، يُربط بعضها مع بعض في سلك على هيئة لفّة. ويُستخدم في الهندسة المدنية والهيدرولية لتحصين الشاطئ، ومُنحدر الجسر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107417"},{"id":107418,"arabic":"فرشة من الشدّات","english":"fascine mat, ballasted","french":"élément de submersion de fascine [m.]","description":"حصيرة من الشّدات، تُركّب في وضع طافٍ، ثم تهبط نتيجة وضع حصى وحجارة عليها. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107418"},{"id":107419,"arabic":"مَسانِد حجرية","english":"fascine, sinking","french":"fascine à noyau","description":"حجارة مربوطة بسلك أو بشبكة خيرزان بشكل اسطواني، يُمكن استخدامها مثلاً لتأمين قدمة الحاجز. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1: 2011).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107419"},{"id":107420,"arabic":"مرشح فاصل للدهون","english":"fat separator filter","french":"filtre dégraisseur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107420"},{"id":107421,"arabic":"نبع سد صدي","english":"fault dam spring","french":"source de barrage par faille","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107421"},{"id":107422,"arabic":"نبع صدي","english":"fault spring / fissure spring","french":"source de faille/ source de fissure","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107422"},{"id":107423,"arabic":"ألياف زجاجية","english":"fibreglass","french":"fibre de verre [f.]","description":"الجزء الثابت من جسم الهدَّار، والذي يقوم بحجز المياه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107423"},{"id":107424,"arabic":"حقل (زراعة)","english":"field","french":"champ (agr.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107424"},{"id":107425,"arabic":"سعة (رطوبة) حقلية شَّعَرِية","english":"field capacity, capillary (moisture)","french":"capacité d’absorption de champ, capillaire (humidité) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107425"},{"id":107426,"arabic":"سَعَة حقلية عادية","english":"field capacity, normal","french":"capacité au champ, normale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107426"},{"id":107427,"arabic":"مَصْرِف حقليّ","english":"field ditch","french":"fossés de champ [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107427"},{"id":107428,"arabic":"نِظام المصارف الحقلية المتوازية","english":"field ditch system, parallel","french":"système parallèle de fossé de champ [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107428"},{"id":107429,"arabic":"مَصْرِف حقليّ عشوائيّ","english":"field ditch, random","french":"fossé de champ, irrégulier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107429"},{"id":107430,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صَرْف","english":"field drain pipe; land pipe","french":"tuyau d’égout [m.]","description":"أنبوب يتناسب مع عملية المدّ في التربة، ويُمَكن عن طريق فتحات به أو وصلات بين المواسير من استقبال المياه وتوزيعها. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107430"},{"id":107431,"arabic":"كِفاية الريّ الحقليّ","english":"field irrigation efficiency","french":"effet utile de l’irrigation de champ [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107431"},{"id":107432,"arabic":"تجهيزة ري الحقول بالرش","english":"field sprinkler method","french":"méthode d'irrigation par aspersion pour une superficie indéterminée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107432"},{"id":107433,"arabic":"رَدْم خلفيّ","english":"fill, downstream; shell, downstream","french":"massif de butée en eau d’aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107433"},{"id":107434,"arabic":"رَدْم أَماميّ","english":"fill, upstream; shell, upstream","french":"massif de butée en amont [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107434"},{"id":107435,"arabic":"مادة حاملة","english":"filling material; fillers","french":"matériau de remplissage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107435"},{"id":107436,"arabic":"بناء سَدّ ترابيّ","english":"filling of dam","french":"remblai d'une digue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107436"},{"id":107437,"arabic":"زمن الملء","english":"filling time","french":"durée de remplissage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107437"},{"id":107438,"arabic":"منشور صَرْف","english":"filter layer / drain prism","french":"prisme de drainage [m.]","description":"فلتر ترسيب مصنوع من مادة مُنفذة وموجود على قدمة الحاجز المُقابلة للتربة. وينبغي أن يقوم بدور ترشيحي للتربة المُحيطة. (انظر: [منشور المَصْرِف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107342)). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107438"},{"id":107439,"arabic":"قُماش ترشيح","english":"filter material / filter screen / screen cloth","french":"toile du tamis","description":"(انظر: [إدارة مُستجمع النهر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109013))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107439"},{"id":107440,"arabic":"ماء غَسْل الفلتر عكسيّاً","english":"filter recirculation water","french":"eau de recirculation des filtres [f.]","description":"كتلة النبات الناتجة عن عمليات جزّ الحشائش الضارة ونزعها. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107440"},{"id":107441,"arabic":"قُماش الترشيح","english":"filter strainer cloth","french":"tissu filtrant [m.]","description":"في قناطر الحجز، هو الحد العلويّ للخرطوم السيفونيّ. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107441"},{"id":107442,"arabic":"مِصْرف شحن","english":"filter, loaded / load drain","french":"drain de surcharge [m.]","description":"الصرف الدائم المُتكوّن عادةً من الحُبيبات الخشنة للتربة، الذي يكون (من المُحتمل) عند قطاع تصريف المياه، والذي يعمل على استقرار ضفة نتيجة تأثير التصريف وزيادة الحمل والاتساع المُستعرض، وفي المقطع الانتقالي يجب وجود مُرشّح للمواد الدقيقة. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه ومياه الصرف الصحي والنفايات- لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107442"},{"id":107443,"arabic":"رشح","english":"filtration","french":"filtration","description":"عملية تمرير سائل عبر وسط راشح لإزالة المواد المعلقة أو الغروية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107443"},{"id":107444,"arabic":"ينبوع تسربيّ","english":"filtration spring / seepage spring","french":"source d’infiltration, filtrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107444"},{"id":107445,"arabic":"مخزون الضمان","english":"firm yield","french":"débit garanti","description":"الحد الأدنى من مخزون المياه الذي يمكن سحبه من خزان أثناء فترات الجفاف دون إلحاق الضرر بالخزان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107445"},{"id":107446,"arabic":"غِطاء مرتد على شكل بطن سمكة","english":"fish belly flap","french":"clapet en ventre de poisson [m.]","description":"الجزء المُتحرك من السد، والذي يتخذ مقطعه المُستعرض شكل خطوط التدفق، وذلك لتوفير مُراقبة دقيقة جداً لمناسيب المياه في السدود.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107446"},{"id":107447,"arabic":"بوابة مرتدة على شكل بطن سمكة","english":"fish belly flap gate","french":"fermeture de clapet en ventre de poisson [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107447"},{"id":107448,"arabic":"بوابة مرتدة على شكل بطن سمكة","english":"fish belly flap gate","french":"vanne-clapet en ventre de poisson","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107448"},{"id":107449,"arabic":"قناة جانبية لمرور السمك","english":"fish by-pass channel","french":"rigole latérale à poissons [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107449"},{"id":107450,"arabic":"سلم السمك","english":"fish ladder / fish pass / fishway","french":"échelle à poissons [f.]","description":"منشاة تُمكن السمك من الصعود من منسوب المياه الأدني إلى المنسوب الأعلى منه. (DIN 4048-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107450"},{"id":107451,"arabic":"ممر سمك في حجرة الهويس","english":"fish lock; lock chamber-type fishway","french":"passe à poissons à chambre d’écluse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107451"},{"id":107452,"arabic":"ممر الأسماك","english":"fish pass / fishway","french":"passe à poissons [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107452"},{"id":107453,"arabic":"ممر الأسماك","english":"fish pass / fishway / fish ladder","french":"passe à poissons [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107453"},{"id":107454,"arabic":"مصفاة السمك","english":"fish screen","french":"barrière à poissons [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107454"},{"id":107455,"arabic":"صلاحية الاستعمال","english":"fitness for purpose","french":"aptitude à l'emploi [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107455"},{"id":107456,"arabic":"تركيبة (مواسير)","english":"fitting / pipe fitting","french":"raccord [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107456"},{"id":107457,"arabic":"تركيبة لنظام الصرف الصحيّ الخاص","english":"fittings for underground drainage","french":"raccord pour le drainage de terrain; raccordement pour l'assainissement de terrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107457"},{"id":107458,"arabic":"هَدّار 'أمبورسن'","english":"fixed buttress weir / Ambursen weir","french":"barrage Ambursen [m.]","description":"هَدّار مُستديم عادة ما يكون من الخرسانة المُسلّحة، ويتألف في الأساس من ألواح تدعمها سنادات عرضية. ويوزع الحمل على الألواح، والذي ينتقل إلى الأساسات عن طريق الدعامات. سمي على اسم المُهندس السويدي نيلس أمبورسن Nils Ambursen. (انظر: سد 'أمبورسن').","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107458"},{"id":107459,"arabic":"هَدّار ثابت الدعامات","english":"fixed buttress weir / Ambursen weir","french":"barrage à contreforts [m.]","description":"(انظر: [هَدّار 'أمبورسن'](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107458))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107459"},{"id":107460,"arabic":"طريقة المفاعل ذي الغشاء الثابت","english":"fixed film reactor process","french":"procédé à lit fixe [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107460"},{"id":107461,"arabic":"رشَّاش رذاذيّ قائم","english":"fixed head sprinkler","french":"arroseur à buses vertical [m.]","description":"(انظر: قناة (تصريف) فيضان)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107461"},{"id":107462,"arabic":"بوابة ذات درافيل ثابتة","english":"fixed roller gate","french":"vanne à rouleaux fixes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107462"},{"id":107463,"arabic":"سَدّ بلاطة ثابتة الارتكاز على دعامات","english":"fixed slab buttress dam / fixed deck dam","french":"barrage à contreforts et plaques intégrées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107463"},{"id":107464,"arabic":"سَدّ بلاطة ثابتة الارتكاز على دعامات","english":"fixed slab buttress dam / fixed deck dam","french":"barrage à plaques intégrées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107464"},{"id":107465,"arabic":"بوابة ذات بكرات ثابتة","english":"fixed wheel gate","french":"vanne à roues fixes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107465"},{"id":107466,"arabic":"شَفَة","english":"flange / web","french":"bride [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107466"},{"id":107467,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مُشَفَّه","english":"flanged pipe","french":"tuyau à brides [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107467"},{"id":107468,"arabic":"مصراع","english":"flap gate","french":"vanne à clapet","description":"مِصراع يتم تركيبه على بوابات الهدَّارات أو عَتَبِها أو على العوارض الحاجزة، حيث تقترب حافته السُفلى من بوّابة الهدَّار الدوَّارة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107468"},{"id":107469,"arabic":"هَدّار ببوابة مُرتدة","english":"flap weir / tilting gate weir","french":"barrage à clapet ou clapet rotatif [m.]","description":"(انظر: [هَدّار مزود بعارضة لتعلية العتبة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107470))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107469"},{"id":107470,"arabic":"هَدّار مزود بعارضة لتعلية العتبة","english":"flash board weir","french":"barrage à clapet rotatif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107470"},{"id":107471,"arabic":"فَيَضان مفاجئ","english":"flash flood","french":"crue éclair [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107471"},{"id":107472,"arabic":"عارضة تعلية الذروة","english":"flashboard","french":"planche d’exhaussement de crête [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107472"},{"id":107473,"arabic":"عارضة تعليق الذروة","english":"flashboard","french":"planche d’exhaussement de crête [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107473"},{"id":107474,"arabic":"سَدّ بواجهة مسطحة مثبت بدعامات","english":"flat slab buttress dam / flat deck dam / Ambursen dam","french":"barrage à contreforts, lisse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107474"},{"id":107475,"arabic":"سَدّ بواجهة مسطحة مثبت بدعامات","english":"flat slab buttress dam / flat deck dam / Ambursen dam","french":"barrage à contreforts et plaques [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107475"},{"id":107476,"arabic":"سَدّ بواجهة مسطحة مثبت بدعامات","english":"flat slab buttress dam / flat deck dam / Ambursen dam","french":"chicane de retenue renforcée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107476"},{"id":107477,"arabic":"مخروط المفيض ذوالعتب المسطح","english":"flat-crested morning glory spillway","french":"évacuateur en puits à crête plate","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107477"},{"id":107478,"arabic":"تنديف","english":"flocculation","french":"floculation [f.]","description":"قناة للمنحدر المائي بين المياه العليا والمياه السفلية، وتكون مزودة بصمام إدخال إذا لزم الأمر. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107478"},{"id":107479,"arabic":"نَدْف","english":"floccule","french":"flocon [m.]","description":"محطة توليد طاقة كهرومائية يتم فيها رفع مُستوى السقوط المتوافر بالفعل على جسم السد عن طريق التحويل. (DIN 4048-1:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107479"},{"id":107480,"arabic":"حائط وقائي من الفيضان","english":"flood (protection) wall","french":"paroi de protection contre les crues [f.]","description":"جدار أو بنية للوقاية من الفيضان على شكل سد (على سبيل المثال، ركيزة مُستعرضة فولاذية أو خرسانة) بدلاً من الحاجز الجانبي للمجرى المائي، حيث لا يكون هناك مكان للحاجز أو إمكانية لتعليته بسبب البنايات الموجودة هناك. (انظر: جدار وقائيّ من الفيضان). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107480"},{"id":107481,"arabic":"فَيَضان","english":"flood / flooding / flood water / freshet","french":"crue [f.] / inondation [f.] / hautes eaux (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107481"},{"id":107482,"arabic":"تخفيف حدة الفيضان","english":"flood abatement","french":"décrue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107482"},{"id":107483,"arabic":"امتصاص الفيضان","english":"flood absorption","french":"absorption de crue [f.]","description":"تخفيض في تصريف الفيضان ناتج عن احتواء المياه المُتدفقة في خزان أو مجرى أو وادٍ أو بحيرة. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107483"},{"id":107484,"arabic":"سَهْل فَيْضيّ","english":"flood basin; flood plain","french":"plaine inondable [f.]","description":"سطح يكون مُمتلئاً بشكل زائد عن الحد بالمياه عقب الفيضان. و يعتمد ذلك في الغالب على فيضان مرصود أو فيضان قد يتكرر مرة أخرى. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107484"},{"id":107485,"arabic":"وقاية من الفيضان","english":"flood control","french":"protection contre les inondations /défense contre les crues","description":"تقنيات تستخدم لوقاية منطقة معيّنة معرضة للغمر بالمياه من أضرار الفيضان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107485"},{"id":107486,"arabic":"حيز تخزين مياه الفيضان","english":"flood control storage","french":"bassin de retenue des crues [m.]","description":"الجزء المُستغل من الحيز المُستخدم في الاستقبال المؤقت لمياه الفيضان. ومن المُمكن أن يتباين مُحتواه سنوياً. رمز المُعادلات: IHR وحدة القياس: م3 (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107486"},{"id":107487,"arabic":"تخزين للتحكم في الفيضان","english":"flood control storage","french":"espace de protection contre les crues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107487"},{"id":107488,"arabic":"مدة الفيض","english":"flood duration; flood period","french":"durée de mise en eau [f.]","description":"الزمن الذي يصبح فيه منسوب المياه الخارجية خلال فترة الفيضان أعلى من قدمة الحاجز المُقابلة للمياه. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107488"},{"id":107489,"arabic":"تردد الفيضان / تكرار الفيضان","english":"flood frequency","french":"fréquence de crue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107489"},{"id":107490,"arabic":"بوابة الفيضان","english":"flood gate","french":"porte de crues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107490"},{"id":107491,"arabic":"بوابة الفيضان","english":"flood gate","french":"fermeture de crue [f.]","description":"مُنشأة خاصة في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية، لمنع ارتداد مياه الفيضان إلى الحُفرة الموجودة أعلى المُنشأة","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107491"},{"id":107492,"arabic":"هَدَّار حقليّ","english":"flood gate","french":"bouchure","description":"هدَّار قابل للضبط، يُستخدم في تنظيم منسوب الماء وتدفقه في القنوات الحقلية المُستعملة في عمليات الريّ تحت السطحيّ. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107492"},{"id":107493,"arabic":"رسم خَط الفيضان","english":"flood hydrograph","french":"courbe de crues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107493"},{"id":107494,"arabic":"دليل الفيضان","english":"flood index","french":"indice de crue","description":"مجموع أعماق الغمر التي تُرْصَد في عدد من المحطات الرئيسية على امتداد النهر كل عام. ويُبين هذا الدليل تمثيلاً فعلياً لمدى الغمر كل عام مُستقلاً عن العوامل الاقتصادية. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107494"},{"id":107495,"arabic":"رىّ بالغمر","english":"flood irrigation","french":"irrigation par submersion [f.]","description":"طريقة ريّ تُغْمر فيها أسطح الأرضي بمياه ذات عمق كبير، تترك عليها لمدة طويلة نسبياً، ثم تُصرّف المياه المُتبقية بعد ذلك. من المفروض أن مرة واحدة من هذا الغمر تكفي طوال فترة نمو المحصول.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107495"},{"id":107496,"arabic":"ريّ بالغمر السطحيّ","english":"flood irrigation","french":"irrigation par ruissellement [f.]","description":"طريقة ري تُترك فيها المساحة المروية مُغطاة بطبقة من المياه بشكل دائم. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107496"},{"id":107497,"arabic":"ريّ بالغمر","english":"flood irrigation","french":"irrigation par inondation","description":"طريقة من طرق الريّ، تتجمع فيها مياه الريّ على سطح التربة أو في حُفر وتظل ثابتة تقريباً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107497"},{"id":107498,"arabic":"مستوى الفيضان","english":"flood level","french":"niveau de crues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107498"},{"id":107499,"arabic":"علامة الفيضان","english":"flood mark / high-water mark","french":"marque de crues [f.]","description":"العلامة أو الخط الذي يتركه أثر فتات الطمي أو خلافها عند أعلى منسوب تصل إليه المياه خلال الفيضان أو المد (خط بقايا النباتات وخلافه التي يجرفها المجرى المائي). الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107499"},{"id":107500,"arabic":"مِقياس منسوب الفيضان","english":"flood meter","french":"appareil de mesure des crues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107500"},{"id":107501,"arabic":"دَفَعَ إلى الضفة","english":"flood on (to)","french":"alluvionner qc. / charrier","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107501"},{"id":107502,"arabic":"سَهْل الفيضان","english":"flood plain","french":"zone inondable en cas de crue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107502"},{"id":107503,"arabic":"وقاية من الفيضان","english":"flood protection","french":"protection contre les crues [f.] / protection contre les inondations [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107503"},{"id":107504,"arabic":"حماية من الفيضان","english":"flood protection","french":"prévention contre les crues","description":"حماية الأراضي من ارتفاع منسوب المياه، أو الحد من الأضرار التي يسببها الفيضان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107504"},{"id":107505,"arabic":"تحكّم في الفيضان","english":"flood protection measure","french":"mesure de protection contre les crues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107505"},{"id":107506,"arabic":"تهذيب المجرى للتصريفات العالية","english":"flood regulation","french":"régulation de crue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107506"},{"id":107507,"arabic":"حوض إعاقة مياه الفيضان","english":"flood retarding basin / flood control reservoir","french":"bassin de retenue de la crue [m.]","description":"منشأة تخزين يعمل حوضها بشكل تام أو جزئيّ على احتجاز مياه الفيضان مؤقتاً. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107507"},{"id":107508,"arabic":"تتبع موجة الفيضان","english":"flood routing","french":"calcul de la propagation des crues","description":"تقنية تستخدم لحساب حركة موجة الفيضان وشكلها، بينما تعبر المجرى المائي أو الخزان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107508"},{"id":107509,"arabic":"تتبع مسار موجي بالمجرى","english":"flood routing (without detention reservoir)","french":"calcul de la propagation des crues (sans bassin de retenue) [m.]","description":"تفرّع مجرى مائيّ، مثلاً إلى تيارين فرعيين مُرتبطين به.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107509"},{"id":107510,"arabic":"مَدَد نهريّ فيضيّ","english":"flood runoff","french":"défluent de crue","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107510"},{"id":107511,"arabic":"سلسلة الفيضانات","english":"flood serie","french":"série de crues [f.]","description":"قائمة بأحداث الفيضانات التي وقعت خلال مُدة زمنية مُعينة مُرتبة في العادة حسب مقاديرها. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107511"},{"id":107512,"arabic":"منسوب الفيضان","english":"flood stage / flood water level","french":"niveau de crue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107512"},{"id":107513,"arabic":"حوض تخزين مياه الفيضان","english":"flood storage basin","french":"bassin d’emmagasinement de crues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107513"},{"id":107514,"arabic":"حَجْم الفيضان","english":"flood volume","french":"volume de crue","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107514"},{"id":107515,"arabic":"حائط حماية من الفيضان","english":"flood wall","french":"digue contre les crues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107515"},{"id":107516,"arabic":"إنذار بحدوث الفيضان","english":"flood warning","french":"annonce de crue","description":"إشارة مبكرة تنذر باحتمال حدوث فيضان في المستقبل القريب في نقطة معيّنة من مجرى أو حوض مائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107516"},{"id":107517,"arabic":"موجة الفيضان","english":"flood wave","french":"onde de crue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107517"},{"id":107518,"arabic":"فَيَضان عريض الذروة","english":"flood with a flattened top","french":"crue à crête aplatie","description":"فَيَضان تستمر ذروته لمدة طويلة نسبياً. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107518"},{"id":107519,"arabic":"مِنطقة الفيضان","english":"flood zone","french":"zone de crues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107519"},{"id":107520,"arabic":"فيضان محتمل","english":"flood, confined","french":"crue possible [f.]","description":"فَيَضان افتراضيّ (في حالة حدوث قْطْع أو صَدع في السد مثلاً).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107520"},{"id":107521,"arabic":"فَيَضان فوق العادة","english":"flood, extraordinary","french":"crue exceptionnelle","description":"فَيَضان يزيد مقداره كثيراً عن الفَيَضان التصميميّ. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107521"},{"id":107522,"arabic":"أقَلُّ فيضان سنويّ","english":"flood, minimum annual","french":"crue, annuelle minimale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107522"},{"id":107523,"arabic":"ذروة الفيضان","english":"flood, peak / flood , momentary peak / flood, maximum intensity of","french":"pointe de crue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107523"},{"id":107524,"arabic":"فَيَضان حاد الذروة","english":"flood, sharp-crested","french":"crue à crête aiguë [f.]","description":"فَيَضان تحدث ذروته لمدة قصيرة جداً، ثم لا يلبث أن يهبط سريعاً إلى ما دون مرحلة الفَيَضان. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107524"},{"id":107525,"arabic":"خزان التحكم بالفيضان","english":"flood-control reservoir","french":"réservoir de contrôle des crue","description":"خزان يخصص فقط لمياه الفيضان لفترة معينة، ثم إطلاقها حالما تسمح ظروف تدفق المياه في المجرى المائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107525"},{"id":107526,"arabic":"منشآت التحكم بالفيضان","english":"flood-control works","french":"ouvrage de contrôle des crues","description":"حواجز أو أقنية أو أي منشآت أخرى تقام على طول المجرى المائي لحصر المياه في قناة معيّنة، أو لتحويلها عبر ممرات معيّنة نحو خزان التحكم بالفيضان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107526"},{"id":107527,"arabic":"فيض","english":"flooding","french":"inondation [f.]","description":"(انظر: [غَمْر سطحيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109620))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107527"},{"id":107528,"arabic":"غَمْر","english":"flooding","french":"submersion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107528"},{"id":107529,"arabic":"غَمر من الخنادق","english":"flooding from ditches","french":"arrosage par rigoles de déversement [m.]","description":"ريّ بالغمر المُتحكم فيه (طريقة الخنادق)، حيث تتدفق المياه خلال فتحات قنوات الريّ الصغيرة أو فوق حوافها كطبقة رقيقة تنساب عبر الحقول، ويتم التحكم في توزيع المياه وفقاً لحجم فتحة القناة وموقعها ومسافات التباعد بين الخنادق. وتُعرف هذه الطريقة أيضاً باسم 'الري بالخنادق الكنتورية'، والفرق المُمكن بين المُصطلحين هو أن الخنادق الكنتورية تتبع عادةً خط الكنتور. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107529"},{"id":107530,"arabic":"غَمْر مُتَحَكَّم فيه","english":"flooding, controlled","french":"irrigation par ruissellement réglé [f.]","description":"غمر سطحي، فيه تنطلق المياه المُوَّصلة إلى الأرض تحت ظروف مُتحكم فيها أو موجهة، وذلك تبعاً للشكل أو كنتور وحدة الري أو تبعاً لطريقة توصيل الماء للرقعة التي تتضمنها الوحدة. ويشمل هذا: الغمر من الخنادق، ري الشرائح ذات الحواجز، ري الأحواض المُستوية أو شبه المُستوية (الترابيع)، الري الحوضي. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107530"},{"id":107531,"arabic":"تكرار الغمر","english":"flooding, frequency of","french":"fréquence de submersion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107531"},{"id":107532,"arabic":"غَمْر حُرّ","english":"flooding, wild; flooding, free","french":"irrigation par ruissellement naturel [f.]","description":"غمر سطحي، فيه تحوّل المياه إلى مساحات من الأرض غير مُمهدة، وتُترك لتتدفق مع الميل الطبيعي للأرض دون التحكم في توزيعها. (انظر: غمر عشوائي). (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107532"},{"id":107533,"arabic":"مسرب الفيضان","english":"floodway","french":"voie d'évacuation des crues [f.]","description":"1. مجرى طبيعيّ أو صناعيّ يُصمم لتمرير تدفق الفيضان. 2. الأرض المُعرّضة للغمر والمُتاخمة لقناة موجودة، وهي مُصممة لتكون مسرباً للفيضان. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107533"},{"id":107534,"arabic":"تجهيزة لتوجيه مياه الفيضان","english":"flow connection","french":"ouvrage de conduite [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107534"},{"id":107535,"arabic":"قاطع النفْث","english":"flow disturber","french":"déflecteur de jet [m.]","description":"مكوِّنات إضافية في بوابات الهَدَّارات أو في قمة المفيض بها، وتُستخدم في تحسين التهوية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107535"},{"id":107536,"arabic":"النسبة مئوية للتصريف","english":"flow percentage","french":"débit en pourcentage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107536"},{"id":107537,"arabic":"مسرب الفيضان","english":"flow polder / floodway","french":"polder d’écoulement [m.]","description":"مُنخفض تتدفق عبره مياه روافد نهرية في حالات الفيضان، ويكون مُتصلاً من ناحية المياه العلوية والسفلية بنهر موازٍ. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107537"},{"id":107538,"arabic":"مقدار الضخ","english":"flow rate; delivery rate; feed rate; output","french":"débit de refoulement [m.]","description":"أيٌّ من المناطق، التي يكون فيها الصرف مُمكناً من الناحية الفعلية. (انظر: مِنطقة قابلة لإنشاء شبكة صرف بها) (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107538"},{"id":107539,"arabic":"زمن الجريان","english":"flow time / time of concentration / period of concentration","french":"temps de concentration [m.] / temps d´écoulement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107539"},{"id":107540,"arabic":"تغيُّر في سرعة الجريان","english":"flow transition","french":"changement de régime d'écoulement [m.]","description":"في تدفق المياه في المجاري المائية، الانتقال من حالة التدفق إلى الاندفاع (مستمر ومتواصل)، أو العكس (متوقف، مُتقطع). (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107540"},{"id":107541,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مغمور","english":"flow, drowned / flow, submerged","french":"courant entravé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107541"},{"id":107542,"arabic":"بئر متدفقة","english":"flowing well","french":"puits jaillissant [m.]","description":"بئر يكون تصريفها للمياه لها عند سطح الأرض دون استخدام أي نبيطة لرفع المياه. (انظر: بئر ارتوازية) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107542"},{"id":107543,"arabic":"علم القوى المائية","english":"fluid dynamics","french":"dynamique des fluides [f.]","description":"الفرق في مستوى الارتفاع بين أ) الارتفاع الجيوديسيّ المتوسط لنقاط التلامس الخاصة بمحاور الشعاع وأقطار دائرته في توربينات 'بلتون' ذات العمود الأفقي، ب) محاور الشعاع في توربينات 'بلتون' ذات العمود الرأسيّ ومنسوب المياه الجوفية. رمز المُعادلات: f\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107543"},{"id":107544,"arabic":"قناة قياس","english":"flume","french":"canal jaugeur","description":"قناة اصطناعية مفتوحة تحمل تياراً من المياه لأغراض توليد الطاقة أو نقل قطاع الأشجار أو لقياس تصاريف المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107544"},{"id":107545,"arabic":"رى بالسريان الصفائحى","english":"flush irrigation","french":"irrigation par ruissellement [f.]","description":"طريقة ريّ فيها تنساب المياه فوق سطح الأرض على شكل صفائح (راقات) قليلة العُمق، ويكون انتشارها بطيئاً، فترشح داخل التربة. وعادةً تكفي رَيَّة واحدة بهذه الطريقة لفترة النمو الكلي للمحاصيل. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): (1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107545"},{"id":107546,"arabic":"قناة الكَسح","english":"flushing conduit","french":"goulotte de rinçage [f.]","description":"قناة عميقة توجد قبل مُنشَأَة المأخذ، وتعمل على إزالة الحُتات والمواد الصلبة المُترسبة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107546"},{"id":107547,"arabic":"بَوّاَبة الكَسح","english":"flushing gate","french":"fermeture de rinçage [f.]","description":"في الهندسة الهيدرولية، تجهيزة إحكام قناة الكَسْح. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107547"},{"id":107548,"arabic":"طمي نهري","english":"fluviatile accretion","french":"remblaiement fluvial [m.] / atterrissement fluvial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107548"},{"id":107549,"arabic":"فجّارة","english":"foggara (or qanat)","french":"foggara","description":"نفق تحت الأرض للإمداد بالمياه، يبدأ من نقطة دون منسوب المياه الجوفية ويتجه نحو سطح الأرض بانحدار أقل من انحدار الغطاء الجوفي وسطح الأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107549"},{"id":107550,"arabic":"مِنْطقة أمام السد","english":"foreland","french":"avant-pays [m.]","description":"المنطقة الواقعة أمام السد ناحية المياه وحتى منطقة المياه الجارية. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107550"},{"id":107551,"arabic":"شاطئ أماميّ","english":"foreshore / foreland","french":"avant-pays [m.]","description":"الأرض التي تقع فوق متوسط منسوب المياه بين قاع المجرى المائي والحاجز أو الضفة المُرتفعة. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة (DWA) لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107551"},{"id":107552,"arabic":"عرض التشكيل","english":"formation width","french":"largeur d’entaille de digue [f.]","description":"العرض النهائي لأعلى عمل ترابي في الردم والحفر للطريق. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107552"},{"id":107553,"arabic":"أساس","english":"foundation slab","french":"semelle de fondation [f.]","description":"المساحة القائم عليها سدّ. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107553"},{"id":107554,"arabic":"أساس","english":"foundation; footing","french":"fondation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107554"},{"id":107555,"arabic":"سد مع بلاطَة حُرَّة على مَسانِد","english":"free deck dam","french":"barrage avec plaque librement posée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107555"},{"id":107556,"arabic":"هدار ذو سقوط حر","english":"free overfall weir / free weir / clear overflow weir","french":"barrage avec déversoir complet [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107556"},{"id":107557,"arabic":"هَدّار حُرّ","english":"free overfall weir; free weir; clear overflow weir","french":"barrage à déversoir réel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107557"},{"id":107558,"arabic":"هَدّار حُرّ","english":"free weir; clear overflow weir; free fall weir; free overfall weir","french":"déversoir dénoyé","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107558"},{"id":107559,"arabic":"خلوص","english":"freeboard","french":"revanche","description":"مسافة رأسية بين المنسوب الأعلى القياسي للمياه وأعلى نقطة في المنشأة حيث توجد كالقناة، أو الحوض أو الخزان أو السد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107559"},{"id":107560,"arabic":"مَصْرِف حجريّ","english":"French drain / rubble drain","french":"fossé couvert [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107560"},{"id":107561,"arabic":"مصَرْف حجري","english":"French drain / rubble drain","french":"drain en pierre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107561"},{"id":107562,"arabic":"مَصْرِف فرنسيّ مزود بأنبوب","english":"French drain / rubble drain","french":"drain français [m.] / drain de pierraille [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107562"},{"id":107563,"arabic":"عَدَدُ فرويد","english":"Froude number","french":"nombre de Froude [m.]","description":"النهاية العلوية للسد بين الجسريْن الداخلي والخارجي على طول خط السد. 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(DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107569"},{"id":107570,"arabic":"دعامة","english":"gabion","french":"gabion [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107570"},{"id":107571,"arabic":"حشية حجرية","english":"gabion","french":"gabion [m.]","description":"جسم صندوقي الشكل، مصنوع من أسلاك مملوءة بالحجارة والحصى أو بالحصى الخشن. 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(الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107576"},{"id":107577,"arabic":"قِناع واق للرأس من الغاز الحيويّ","english":"gas hood / gas collecting dome","french":"capot à gaz de digestion [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107577"},{"id":107578,"arabic":"عنفة غازية","english":"gas turbine","french":"turbine à gaz [f.]","description":"في محطات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، هو الفارق في مُستويات الطاقة بين المقطع العرضي للدخول والمقطع العرضي للخروج الخاصين بالتوربينة (موديلات التوربينات: انظر: DIN 4320). رمز المُعادلات: hnetto وحدة القياس: متر (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107578"},{"id":107579,"arabic":"حجرة الصمامات الخاصة بأنبوب التصريف","english":"gate chamber of sluice well","french":"chambre de vanne des tubes de vidange [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107579"},{"id":107580,"arabic":"دهاليز ذات بوابات","english":"gate galleries","french":"galerie de vanne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107580"},{"id":107581,"arabic":"بوابة نصف قطرية ذات أذرع شد","english":"gate with tension gate arms, radial","french":"segment de traction [m.]","description":"قطاع في مُنشآت الريّ الرئيسية مُزود بأذرع واقعة تحت تأثير الشد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107581"},{"id":107582,"arabic":"بوابة هَدَّار من جزأين","english":"gate, two-piece","french":"mécanisme de fermeture de barrage, en deux parties [m.]","description":"بوابة هَدَّار مُركّبة ومُكوّنة من جُزْأيْن، مثال، بوابة هدّار مزدوجة خطافية، بوابة بمصراع، قطاع بمصراع. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107582"},{"id":107583,"arabic":"بوابة ثابتة المفاصل","english":"gates, fixed hinged","french":"fermeture à charnières fixes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107583"},{"id":107584,"arabic":"محطة قياس","english":"gauging site","french":"station de jaugeage","description":"موقع على مجرى مائي أو قناة أو بحيرة أو خزان يمكن فيه العمل بانتظام على قياس ارتفاع المياه أو الكمية المنصرفة منها بمقاييس آلية أو كهربائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107584"},{"id":107585,"arabic":"تحرّك عام لحِمل القاع","english":"general movement of bed load","french":"charriage généralisé","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107585"},{"id":107586,"arabic":"كسوة أرضية","english":"geotextile","french":"géotextile [m.]","description":"مساحة نسيجية ومُنفذة للمياه والهواء، تُستخدم ارتباطاً بالصخور الصلبة والمُفككة، مثل الأنسجة أو الأقمشة الصوفية أو المواد المُركبة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107586"},{"id":107587,"arabic":"حصيرة خضراء","english":"geotextile with soil and grains of sod","french":"natte d’engazonnement [f.]","description":"حصيرة مُسبقة الصنع من مادة حاملة قابلة للّف (نسيج، حصيرة من الألياف، حصيرة من القش .. إلخ)، وتكون مُغطاه بطبقة من البذور، والسماد، ومواد تحسين التربة، والقش والحشائش، ومواد لاصقة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107587"},{"id":107588,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس الإشعاعات الكونية","english":"global radiation measurement equipment","french":"radiomètre global [m.]","description":"جهاز يُستخدم في الريّ، تخرج منه المياه من مِنْفث واحد أو أكثر إلى مِنْفث مُجَمِّع في رأس نفث ثابتة. وهنا يُمكن استخدام طريقة النفث في دائرة كاملة أو دائرة جزئية. (DIN 4047-6:2008).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107588"},{"id":107589,"arabic":"شبكة احتجاز الأعشاب","english":"grass catcher","french":"crible à mauvaises herbes [m.]","description":"حاجز ثابت أو مُتحرك مقامٍ في اتجاهٍ عرضيّ بالنسبة للمجرى المائيّ، ويعمل على احتجاز الأعشاب غير المرغوب فيها الناتجة عن عملية الجزّ. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107589"},{"id":107590,"arabic":"نِظام شبكيّ","english":"grate / graticule","french":"grille [f.]","description":"طراز من السدود المثبتة بدعامات يتكون من قطع عقدية مُتتالية على شكل أسطوانات مُرتكزة على دعامات، تنتقل خلالها الأحمال من العقود المُتعددة إلى الأساسات. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107590"},{"id":107591,"arabic":"عُلُوّ تثاقُليّ","english":"gravitational head","french":"charge gravitationnelle [f.]","description":"إجمالي مكوّنات الضغط الهيدرولي في المياه الجوفية مع ضغط المصفوفة والضغط البنيوماتي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107591"},{"id":107592,"arabic":"سَدّ تثاقلُيّ مصمت","english":"gravity dam, solid","french":"barrage-poids massif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107592"},{"id":107593,"arabic":"سَدّ تثاقُليّ مستقيم","english":"gravity dam, straight","french":"barrage-poids droit [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107593"},{"id":107594,"arabic":"نَبْع جارٍ","english":"gravity spring","french":"source de déversement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107594"},{"id":107595,"arabic":"نبع ثقلي","english":"gravity spring","french":"source gravitaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107595"},{"id":107596,"arabic":"هَدّار تثاقُليّ","english":"gravity weir / masonry weir","french":"barrage massif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107596"},{"id":107597,"arabic":"هَدّار تثاقُليّ","english":"gravity weir; masonry weir","french":"barrage-poids [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107597"},{"id":107598,"arabic":"أعلى مد يومي","english":"great diurnal range","french":"grand marnage diurne [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107598"},{"id":107599,"arabic":"بوابة 'جرايسر'","english":"Greisser gate","french":"fermeture Greisser [f.]","description":"نوع من الهدارات الدوّارة في مُنشآت تخزين المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107599"},{"id":107600,"arabic":"ضاغط (ال..) الكليّ","english":"gross head","french":"hauteur de chute brute [f.]","description":"الفرق في الارتفاع بين منسوب المياه السطحية، أ) ومنسوب المياه الجوفية في تُربينة 'فرانسيس' وتُربينة 'كابلان'، ب) ومتوسط نقاط تلامس محاور وأقطار النفث لعَجَلَة بلتن المزودة بعمود أفقيّ، ج) محاور النفث لعَجَلَة 'بلتن' المُزودة بعمود رأسيّ. وبحسب منسوب المياه يمكن التعرّف على ضواغط كلية أخرى. رمز المُعادلات: hbrutto، وحدة القياس: متر. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107600"},{"id":107601,"arabic":"علو إجمالي","english":"gross head","french":"chute brute d'un aménagement","description":"الفرق في ارتفاع منسوب المياه بين نقطة البداية (بداية التخزين) ونهاية المسار في محطات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية. رمز المُعادلات: g\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107601"},{"id":107602,"arabic":"رُقْعَة كلية قابلة للريّ","english":"gross irrigable area","french":"superficie totale irrigable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107602"},{"id":107603,"arabic":"رُقعة (ال..) الكلية للريّ بالرفع","english":"gross lift area","french":"zone de station de pompage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107603"},{"id":107604,"arabic":"سَعَة الخزان الكلية","english":"gross reservoir capacity / total reservoir capacity","french":"capacité complète du bassin de retenue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107604"},{"id":107605,"arabic":"تخزين إجماليّ","english":"gross storage","french":"volume de la retenue  [m.]","description":"(انظر: السعة الكلية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107605"},{"id":107606,"arabic":"سَدّ مائيّ جوفيّ","english":"groundwater dam","french":"barrage souterrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107606"},{"id":107607,"arabic":"استنزاف المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater depletion","french":"épuisement des eaux souterraines [m.]","description":"انحراف مصرف بشكل واضح عن انحدار الأرض. رمز المُعادلات: I. وحدة القياس: م/كم. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107607"},{"id":107608,"arabic":"سِتارة حَقْن","english":"grout curtain","french":"rideau d'étanchéité","description":"إحكام طبقات تحت سطح الأرض ضد التسريب باستخدام حُقن مناسب. (انظر: سِتارة حَقْن)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107608"},{"id":107609,"arabic":"سِتارة حَقْن","english":"grout curtain","french":"rideau d'étanchéité","description":"إحكام طبقات تحت سطح الأرض ضد التسريب باستخدام حُقن مناسب. (انظر: سِتارة حَقْن)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107609"},{"id":107610,"arabic":"حَشْو","english":"grouting","french":"fermeture par une digue [f.]","description":"عملية تجرى عند إصلاح وصيانة شبكة أنابيب، وفيها يملأ التجويف الحلقي الموجود بين أنبوب مُمتد وبين خط الأنابيب الجديد عن طريق استخدام الأسمنت أو الخرسانة قليلة المسام.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107610"},{"id":107611,"arabic":"دِرْع (هندسة)","english":"guide vane (tech.)","french":"aube directrice [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107611"},{"id":107612,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط منسوب المد والجزر","english":"half-tide level; mean tide level","french":"niveau de marée (T1/2w) moyen [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107612"},{"id":107613,"arabic":"هَدّار 'هانسن'","english":"Hansen weir","french":"barrage Hansen [m.]","description":"هدَّار مُستطيل غير مُتقلص استعمله 'هانسن' عام 1892 في تجاربه المعملية. ويُقاس العلو أمام الهدَّار على مسافة 1100 مليمتر من السطح الأماميّ للهدَّار. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107613"},{"id":107614,"arabic":"حاجِز عند المَدخل","english":"head gate structure","french":"logement des vannes d'un régulateur de prise d'eau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107614"},{"id":107615,"arabic":"دليل أمامي","english":"head race","french":"canal d’eau d’amont [m.]","description":"مجرى يوجه المياه إلى ساقية أو عنفة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983)) (انظر: دليل أمامي)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107615"},{"id":107616,"arabic":"خندق ماء حول مُنشأة ما","english":"head race / lead race channel / race","french":"canal d’amenée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107616"},{"id":107617,"arabic":"مجرى الأمام","english":"head race / lead race channel / race","french":"bief d’amont [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107617"},{"id":107618,"arabic":"حَبْس (ال..) الأعلى","english":"head reach","french":"section supérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107618"},{"id":107619,"arabic":"تخزين عند أعالي النهر","english":"head water storage","french":"emmagasinement au haut cours [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107619"},{"id":107620,"arabic":"ضاغط الحرج","english":"head, critical","french":"hauteur de chute, critique [f.]","description":"(انظر: مرفق (كوع) ذو صمام)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107620"},{"id":107621,"arabic":"ضاغِط الطرد المانومتريّ","english":"head/lift, manometric; delivery head, manometric","french":"hauteur, manométrique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107621"},{"id":107622,"arabic":"دليل أمامي","english":"headrace","french":"bief d’amont [m.]","description":"(انظر: مجرى أمامي)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107622"},{"id":107623,"arabic":"قناة أمامية","english":"headrace","french":"canal d’amenée","description":"قناة أو مسيل يجر المياه باتجاه ساقية أو توربينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107623"},{"id":107624,"arabic":"بَرْبَخٌ بحائط رأس معكوسة (الزاوية)","english":"head-wall culvert, (reverse) angle","french":"aqueduc à murs de tête rentrants [m.]","description":"بربخ تحرف فيه نهايات الحوائط الأمامية نحو الضفة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107624"},{"id":107625,"arabic":"بَرْبَخٌ بحوائط رأسية مستقيمة","english":"head-wall culvert, straight","french":"aqueduc à murs de tête droits [m.]","description":"بربخ له حوائط رأس موازية للشاطئ الترابي الذي تسنده. وتكون حوائط رأس البربخ لكل من المدخل والمخرج عادة من نفس الشكل. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107625"},{"id":107626,"arabic":"خَطُّ القدم الأمامية (في السدود)","english":"heel line / upstream toe line","french":"courbe de pied en amont [f.]","description":"إجراءات تُطبق في مجال الهندسة الزراعية والمائية لأغراض الري، حيث يتم تركيب وصلات من مادة الأنبوب أو الخراطيم لتوزيع المياه أساساً بواسطة رشاشات ضعيفة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107626"},{"id":107627,"arabic":"ارتفاع الهَدَّار","english":"height of weir","french":"niveau de déversoir [m.] / hauteur de l'ouvrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107627"},{"id":107628,"arabic":"منحنى سطح الخزّان","english":"height-area curve","french":"courbe de surface de retenue [f.]","description":"التمثيل البيانيّ للعلاقة بين سطح التخزين ومنسوب المياه. 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(DIN 4048-2:1984)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107632"},{"id":107633,"arabic":"حاجِز مياه الفيضان المُرتدة","english":"high water/flooding double check valve","french":"robinet à papillon des plus hautes eaux [m.] / clapet de crue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107633"},{"id":107634,"arabic":"منسوب (ال..) الحسابي لتصريف مياه الفيضان","english":"highest reservoir level / highest flood level / maximum water level","french":"niveau d’eau pour la régulation de crue, théorique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107634"},{"id":107635,"arabic":"مِضخّة بكبّاس عالية الضغط / مِضخّة بكبّاس ذات ضغط عالي","english":"high-pressure piston pump","french":"pompe à piston haute pression [f.]","description":"نسبة البخرنتح الحقيقية، التي تنتج فوق مساحة من الأرض، وذلك في ظروف جوية مُحددة، وحسب المُحتوى المائيّ المُتوافر في التربة. رمز المُعادلات: Eta، وحدة القياس: ملِّي متر. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107635"},{"id":107636,"arabic":"ريّ غزير بالرش","english":"high-volume sprinkling","french":"arrosage abondant [m.]","description":"ريٌّ بالرش تتجاوز فيه كثافة الريّ 20 ملِّيمتر/ساعة. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107636"},{"id":107637,"arabic":"مِنطقة خلفية للسد","english":"hinterland; polder","french":"arrière-pays [m.]","description":"المنطقة التي تقع أمام السد وتكون ناحية البر. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107637"},{"id":107638,"arabic":"سِنادة (أو دعامة) تثبيت بجِدار مزدوِج","english":"hollow buttress","french":"pile évidée, à deux parois [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107638"},{"id":107639,"arabic":"سَدّ أجوف","english":"hollow dam","french":"barrage poids-allégé à éléments évidés [m.]","description":"تصميم مُعدل للسد ذي الدُعامات التي تُرَتَّب بجوار بعضها البعض، أو يتصل بعضها ببعض، بحيث تترك مواضع مجوّفة فيما بينها. (انظر: سد مزدوج الرأس ذو أعمدة مُجوّفة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107639"},{"id":107640,"arabic":"عتبة نهاية طراز 'هورنسبي'","english":"Hornsby end sill","french":"seuil aval Hornsby [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107640"},{"id":107641,"arabic":"مُنحنى حدوة الفرس","english":"horseshoe bend / oxbow","french":"boucle [f.] / arc outrepassé [m.]","description":"مُنحنى في نهر لا يبقي إلا عنقاً من الأرض بين جزئيّ المجرى، وقد يقطع فيها النهر تاركاً بركة هلالية الشكل. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107641"},{"id":107642,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صرف منزليّ","english":"house connection line","french":"canalisation de branchement [f.]","description":"تجهيزة قابلة للتحرك تستخدم على سطح التربة أو في شبكات الصرف الصحيّ، للحصول على توزيع متساو للسوائل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107642"},{"id":107643,"arabic":"سد ردم هيدرولي","english":"hydraulic fill dam","french":"barrage balayé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107643"},{"id":107644,"arabic":"مَيْل هيدروليكيّ","english":"hydraulic gradient","french":"gradient hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107644"},{"id":107645,"arabic":"قَفْزة مائية","english":"hydraulic jump","french":"ressaut hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107645"},{"id":107646,"arabic":"قَفْزة هِيدْروُلية","english":"hydraulic jump","french":"ressaut hydraulique [m.]","description":"المسار المُتغيّر للماء المُتدفق على هيئة قفزة من نقطة اندفاعه وحتى تدفقه، وذلك في حالة التيارات المائية العكسية. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107646"},{"id":107647,"arabic":"مُبَدِّد القفزة الهيدرولية","english":"hydraulic jump basin / hydraulic jump dissipater","french":"convertisseur de ressaut hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107647"},{"id":107648,"arabic":"حَوْض القْفزة الهِيْدروُلية","english":"hydraulic jump basin; hydraulic jump dissipater","french":"bassin à ressaut hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107648"},{"id":107649,"arabic":"مِصْراع هيدروليّ","english":"hydraulic valve","french":"clapet hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107649"},{"id":107650,"arabic":"صِمام ضَبْط","english":"hydraulic valve; regulating valve; check valve","french":"robinet de réglage [m.]; clapet d’étranglement [m.]","description":"تجهيزة تعمل على تغيير المقطع العرضي الحُر لأنبوب، وذلك بهدف التحكم في التدفق. ويُمكن أن يجري ذلك بطريقة أوتوماتياً أو يدوياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107650"},{"id":107651,"arabic":"صِمام محطة طاقة كهرومائية","english":"hydro installation valve","french":"vanne pour centrale hydraulique [f.]","description":"تجهيزة ذات قفل مُتحرك، عموديّ على اتجاه التيار. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107651"},{"id":107652,"arabic":"مَحطَّة كَهْرومائية","english":"hydro-electric plant","french":"usine hydroélectrique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107652"},{"id":107653,"arabic":"هندسة هيدرولوجية","english":"Hydrological engineering","french":"génie hydrologique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107653"},{"id":107654,"arabic":"مُعادلَة مائية","english":"hydrological equation","french":"équation hydrologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107654"},{"id":107655,"arabic":"شبكة هيدرولوجية","english":"hydrological network","french":"réseau hydrologique","description":"انظر أيضاً:\nمحطة دائمة للقياسات المائية\nمحطة هيدرولوجية أو محطة للرصد، تنشأ في منطقة معينة (حوض نهري، منطقة إدارية) للحصول على بيانات لدراسة الأنظمة الهيدرولوجية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107655"},{"id":107656,"arabic":"رصد هيدرولوجي","english":"hydrological observation","french":"observation hydrologique","description":"قياس مباشر أو تقدير لعنصر أو عدة عناصر هيدرولوجية مثل الارتفاع على المقياس، والتصريف، ودرجة حرارة المياه، الخ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107656"},{"id":107657,"arabic":"فَقْد في درجة حرارة الإشعال","english":"ignition loss","french":"perte de calcination [f.]","description":"كمية الفقد، مُقدّرة بنسبة مئوية، التي تحدث عند تعرّض عينة للهب تصل حرارته إلى (550 + /- 25) °C، ارتباطاً بكمية الجفاف عند درجة (105 +/- 5) °C حتى تصل العينة المُجففة إلى درجة الثبات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107657"},{"id":107658,"arabic":"ترسب الطين","english":"illuviation","french":"illuviation [f.]","description":"غسل مواد التربة الدقيقة في المصارف أو في طبقات التربة الأعمق. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107658"},{"id":107659,"arabic":"قيمة مائية متشرِّبة","english":"imbibitional water value","french":"valeur de prise d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107659"},{"id":107660,"arabic":"حوض تهدئة للصدمات","english":"impact basin / impact stilling basin","french":"bassin d’amortissement de choc [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107660"},{"id":107661,"arabic":"غِطاء غير نفّاذ","english":"impermeable barrier","french":"tapis imperméable [m.]; barrière imperméable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107661"},{"id":107662,"arabic":"إصلاح التربة السفلية (تحت السطحية)","english":"improvement of subsoil","french":"amélioration de sous-sol [f.]","description":"مُعالجة طبقة التربة التحتية بهدف إجراء تحسينات علها من أجل استخدامها للأغراض الزراعية. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107662"},{"id":107663,"arabic":"هدار مائل العتبة","english":"inclined crested weir","french":"déversoir à crête inclinée","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107663"},{"id":107664,"arabic":"مخلص ذو نفق منحدر","english":"inclined tunnel spillway","french":"décharge avec galeries inclinées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107664"},{"id":107665,"arabic":"نباتات مؤشرة","english":"indicator plant","french":"plante indicatrice [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107665"},{"id":107666,"arabic":"تغذية مستحثة","english":"induced recharge","french":"recharge induite","description":"سحب المياه الجوفية من موقع مجاور لإمدادات المياه السطحية بحيث يؤدي انخفاض منسوب المياه الجوفية إلى دخول المياه السطحية لملء الفراغ المستحدث في المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107666"},{"id":107667,"arabic":"حَوْض الرَشْح","english":"infiltration basin","french":"bassin d’infiltration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107667"},{"id":107668,"arabic":"خَنْدَق صرف","english":"infiltration trench / swale","french":"rigole [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107668"},{"id":107669,"arabic":"فَيَضان ابتدائيّ","english":"initial flood","french":"crue initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107669"},{"id":107670,"arabic":"حقن تلامسيّ","english":"injection contact","french":"injection de contact [f.]","description":"وَصْل متين للجدران الخارجية لمنشأة ضخمة مع الصخور الراسخة المحيطة بها، والذي يحققه حقن المادة المثبتة بينهما.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107670"},{"id":107671,"arabic":"بئر حقن","english":"injection well","french":"puits d'injection","description":"بئر ينشأ لحقن المياه المعالجة مباشرة في باطن الأرض. وتضخ المياه مباشرة في البئر، لتتوزّع أو تخزّن في خزان جوفي. ولا يحفر هذا النوع من الآبار في خزانات مياه الشفة أو الخزانات الجوفية غير المستخدمة أو الخزانات التي تقع على عمق يفوق منسوب المياه العذبة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107671"},{"id":107672,"arabic":"مدخل","english":"inlet","french":"entrée","description":"1- جزء من منشأة يقع في أعلى النهر وتتدفق عبره المياه.\n2- منشأة تتلقى إمدادات المياه من المصدر أو من مخزون في أعلى النهر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107672"},{"id":107673,"arabic":"جَناح المدخل","english":"inlet wing wall / upstream wing wall","french":"mur en aile amont [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107673"},{"id":107674,"arabic":"صِمَام في الخَطّ","english":"inline valve; one-line valve","french":"vanne de réglage sur conduite [f.]","description":"صمام مُركّب في خط أنابيب للحدّ من التدفق المار بالخط أو للتحكم فيه. (انظر: [صِمَام تنظيم الخَط](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107675)) (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107674"},{"id":107675,"arabic":"صِمَام تنظيم الخَط","english":"inline valve; one-line valve","french":"vanne de réglage sur conduite [f.]","description":"(انظر: [صِمَام في الخَطّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107674))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107675"},{"id":107676,"arabic":"سد داخليّ","english":"inner embankment","french":"digue intérieure [f.]","description":"سد ترابيّ حاجز يُقسم المنطقة المُطوّقة بسد للحدّ من الأضرار التي قد تنجم عن الفيضانات أو عن تصدّع السد. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107676"},{"id":107677,"arabic":"وجه داخليّ (للسدّ)","english":"inner side","french":"côté intérieur [m.]","description":"1- جهة السد البعيدة عن النهر (ناحية اليابسة) 2- إلا إنها في سويسرا وإيطاليا، مثلاً، تكون هي جهة السد المواجهة للنهر (ناحية المياه). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107677"},{"id":107678,"arabic":"انحدار داخلي (للسد)","english":"inner slope","french":"berge intérieure [f.]","description":"في السدود، الضفة المائلة للسد الترابيّ الحاجز المواجهة لليابسة. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107678"},{"id":107679,"arabic":"دَفْق الماء","english":"in-rush of water","french":"venue d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107679"},{"id":107680,"arabic":"دهليز تفتيش","english":"inspection shaft / inspection gallery","french":"galerie d’inspection [f.]","description":"جزء من منظومة التفتيش  يمكن التحرّك خلاله على الأقدام أو بمركبة. (انظر: [حُفرة تفتيش](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109329)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107680"},{"id":107681,"arabic":"استخدام داخل المجرى","english":"instream use","french":"utilisation au fil de l’eau; utilisation non consommatrice d'eau","description":"استخدام المياه في المجرى المائي نفسه، لأغراض منها توليد الطاقة بتيار المياه، والملاحة، وتحسين نوعية المياه، وتربية الأسماك والاستجمام.  و يُعتبر استخدام المياه لتوليد الطاقة من الاستخدامات غير الاستهلاكية للمياه، لكنه يتطلب أحياناً تحويل المياه عن المجرى الرئيسي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107681"},{"id":107682,"arabic":"مأخذ","english":"intake","french":"canal (ou conduite) de prise d'eau","description":"منشأ أو موقع يستخدم للتحكم بالمياه، أو تنظيمها، أو تحويلها أو تلقيها إما مباشرة من المصدر، أو عبر مدخل مُنشأ عند أعلى النهر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107682"},{"id":107683,"arabic":"بَوابة مَأْخَذ ضَخْمة","english":"intake bulkhead gate","french":"vanne batardeau de prise d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107683"},{"id":107684,"arabic":"أرضية المَأْخَذ","english":"intake floor","french":"sol d’entrée [m.]","description":"في مُنشئات الري الرئيسية مثلاً، هي المساحة السطحية من عتبة الهدار الواقعة فوق سطح المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107684"},{"id":107685,"arabic":"اعتراض بسبب تكثيفات نباتية (أو أشجار)","english":"interception","french":"interception [f.]","description":"تخزين مؤقت للأمطار الساقطة أو الأمطار المُتبقية على الأسطح النباتية. (DIN 4049-3:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107685"},{"id":107686,"arabic":"سَعَة الاعتراض","english":"interception capacity","french":"capacité d’interception [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107686"},{"id":107687,"arabic":"مخزون الاعتراض","english":"interception storage","french":"stockage d’interception [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107687"},{"id":107688,"arabic":"حائط شفة الجابية","english":"invert wall; bucket lip wall","french":"surface d’auge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107688"},{"id":107689,"arabic":"مُرشِّح مانِع","english":"inverted filter; protective filter","french":"filtre de protection [m.]","description":"عند توسيع وصيانة المجاري المائية، هو إزالة مخلفات عمليات الإطماء لإعادة إنشاء المقطع المُستعرض للمجرى المائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107689"},{"id":107690,"arabic":"رَيٌّ بالرشّ","english":"irrigate (to) / water (to)","french":"irriguer","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107690"},{"id":107691,"arabic":"رُقْعَة مَروية","english":"irrigated area","french":"région irriguée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107691"},{"id":107692,"arabic":"رَيٌّ","english":"irrigation","french":"irrigation [f.]","description":"نقل مياه الري إلى الأراضي المُستغلة في الزراعة أو في زراعة الغابات أو البساتين. وينبغي أن تُغطي عملية الريّ على وجه الخصوص احتياجات النباتات من المياه في حالة نقصها. كما يعمل الريّ على الحماية من الحتّ والتحات، ويعمل كذلك على تنظيم درجة الحرارة والرطوبة في التربة والحماية من الصقيع، ويُساعد أيضاً على نشر السماد في التربة وحماية النبات وزيادة المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107692"},{"id":107693,"arabic":"مراقبة الري","english":"irrigation control","french":"commande d’irrigation [f.]","description":"التحكم اليدويّ أو نصف أوتوماتيّ أو الأوتوماتيّ في الريّ وفقاً لمُخطط الريّ. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107693"},{"id":107694,"arabic":"احتياج الريّ","english":"irrigation demand; irrigation requirement","french":"quantité requise pour l’irrigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107694"},{"id":107695,"arabic":"كِفاية الريّ","english":"irrigation efficiency","french":"effet utile de l’irrigation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107695"},{"id":107696,"arabic":"فترة الدور","english":"irrigation interval","french":"espacement des arrosages","description":"المُدة الزمنية المنقضية بين فترات الريّات المُتكررة بانتظام. وتحدد فترة الدور بالأيام. رمز المُعادلات: T\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107696"},{"id":107697,"arabic":"فاقِد الريّ","english":"irrigation loss","french":"perte d’irrigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107697"},{"id":107698,"arabic":"طريقة الريّ","english":"irrigation method","french":"système d'irrigation [m.]","description":"طريقة توزيع المياه على المساحات الجاري ريَّها (طريقة الريّ بالغمر، أو طريقة الغمر المُتحكم فيه، أو طريقة الريّ بالرش، أو الطرق الأخرى للريّ). (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107698"},{"id":107699,"arabic":"مخطط الري","english":"irrigation plan","french":"plan d’irrigation [m.]","description":"تحديد مواعيد الريَّات وكمية مياه الري، وكذلك ترتيب المساحات المُراد ريَّها والمُخصصة للأنواع المُختلفة من المحاصيل، وذلك وفقاً للخطة الزراعية المعتمدة. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107699"},{"id":107700,"arabic":"حاجة إلى الري","english":"irrigation requirement","french":"besoin en eau d’irrigation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107700"},{"id":107701,"arabic":"احتياج من مياه الريّ","english":"irrigation requirement","french":"besoin en eau d’irrigation [m.]","description":"(انظر: [طبقة حاملة للماء الإرتوازي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104770))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107701"},{"id":107702,"arabic":"نظام الري","english":"irrigation system","french":"système d’irrigation [m.]","description":"كافة التجهيزات اللازمة للريّ، مثل تلك المُستخدمة في تجميع المياه والإمداد بها، وكذلك قنوات التوصيل والتوزيع وأنابيب التوصيل، والمُنشآت وأجهزة توزيع المياه، وما إلى ذلك. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107702"},{"id":107703,"arabic":"مِياه الريّ","english":"irrigation water","french":"eau d’irrigation [f.]","description":"نوع المياه المُستعملة في الريّ، مثال ذلك: المياه السطحية، أو المياه الجوفية أو مياه الينابيع، أو مياه الصرف الصحيّ أو المياه المُضاف إليها مواد تسميد. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107703"},{"id":107704,"arabic":"مِياه الريّ","english":"irrigation water","french":"eau d'irrigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107704"},{"id":107705,"arabic":"حَوْض انتشار النفْث","english":"jet diffusion basin / jet diffusion stilling basin","french":"bassin de dispersion de jet [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107705"},{"id":107706,"arabic":"حَوْض تهدئة مع رذاذ لإخماد النفْث","english":"jet diffusion basin / jet diffusion stilling basin","french":"bassin d’amortissement avec diffusion de jet [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107706"},{"id":107707,"arabic":"حاجز","english":"jetty","french":"épi","description":"منشأة تُبنى عند ضفة النهر باتجاه عَرضي لمجرى المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107707"},{"id":107708,"arabic":"مادة حَشْو","english":"joint sealing filler; joint sealing material","french":"masse de remplissage [f.]","description":"نظام ابتكره 'ثورنويت' تقوم فكرته الأساسية على مدى كفاية الأمطار لاحتياجات النبات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107708"},{"id":107709,"arabic":"مُنحنى ارتفاع القفزة","english":"jump height curve","french":"courbe de hauteur caractéristique du ressaut","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107709"},{"id":107710,"arabic":"فجّارة","english":"kanat; karez","french":"qanat; karez","description":"نفق تحت الأرض للإمداد بالمياه، يبدأ من نقطة تحت منسوب المياه الجوفية ويتجه نحو باطن الأرض بميل أقل من ميل منسوب المياه الجوفية وسطح الأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107710"},{"id":107711,"arabic":"مجرى الإفريز","english":"kerb unit","french":"caniveau à fentes dans la bordure de trottoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107711"},{"id":107712,"arabic":"نِظام كيتروب","english":"Keythrope system (cross-drainage) / across-the-slope system","french":"système Keythrope (drainage transversal) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107712"},{"id":107713,"arabic":"مَعْمَل فحوصات مُعتَمد","english":"laboratory, accredited","french":"laboratoire d'essais, accrédité [m.]","description":"الطاقة الكهربائية المُستغلة أثناء عملية الضخ. رمز المُعادلات: P\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107713"},{"id":107714,"arabic":"تجفيف التربة","english":"land drainage","french":"assèchement du sol [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107714"},{"id":107715,"arabic":"صَرْف الأراضي","english":"land drainage","french":"drainage des terres","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107715"},{"id":107716,"arabic":"تَبخُّر أرضيّ","english":"land evaporation","french":"évaporation de terrain [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107716"},{"id":107717,"arabic":"طَوْر أرضيّ (سياحات) للفيضان","english":"land phase of flood","french":"phase de ruissellement d'une crue","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107717"},{"id":107718,"arabic":"دينامية الانتفاع بالأرض","english":"land use dynamics","french":"dynamique d'utilisation de la terre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107718"},{"id":107719,"arabic":"تغيير غرض الانتفاع بالأرض","english":"land use, change of","french":"changement d'utilisation de la terre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107719"},{"id":107720,"arabic":"تغيير الانتفاع بالأرض","english":"land use, change of","french":"changement d'utilisation de la terre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107720"},{"id":107721,"arabic":"استغلال الأراضيّ (المساحات غير المُستخدمة أو غير المُستغلة بشكل مُناسب)","english":"land utilisation","french":"utilisation des sols [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107721"},{"id":107722,"arabic":"حفظ المناظر الطبيعية","english":"landscape conservation","french":"aménagement du paysage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107722"},{"id":107723,"arabic":"هندسة (ال...) الهيدرولية في مناطق المناظر الطبيعية (مثل الريف)","english":"landscape hydraulic engineering","french":"génie hydraulique du paysage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107723"},{"id":107724,"arabic":"تصميم المناظر الريفية","english":"landscaping","french":"aménagements paysagers [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107724"},{"id":107725,"arabic":"مقياس تحريك جهاز الري","english":"lane spacing","french":"avance d’arroseurs [m.]","description":"البُعد الذي يتم وفقاً له تحريك الرشاشات من موضعٍ إلى موضع العمل التالي. ويُقاس هذا البُعد بالمتر. رمز المُعادلات: a","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107725"},{"id":107726,"arabic":"هَدّار ذو تدفق جانبيّ","english":"lateral flow weir","french":"barrage avec déversoir latéral [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107726"},{"id":107727,"arabic":"حصيرة شجيرات","english":"layer of brushwood, combined with other items to secure bank","french":"ouvrage brut [m.]","description":"محطة توليد طاقة كهرومائية يتم فيها الاستفادة من ظاهرتي المد والجزر. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107727"},{"id":107728,"arabic":"مُراقبة مياه الرشْح","english":"leachate monitoring","french":"surveillance des eaux d'infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107728"},{"id":107729,"arabic":"تَجرِبة غَسْل","english":"leaching test","french":"essai de lessivage [m.]","description":"حدود المُسطّح المائي من الجانب (ضفتيه) ومن الأسفل (القاع). ولا تندرج مساحة التدفق ضمن سرير المجرى المائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107729"},{"id":107730,"arabic":"طول الانحدار","english":"length of slope; backwater length","french":"longueur de retenue [f.]","description":"مساحة منطقة تجميع مياه أو منطقة خفض منسوب المياه، إلى أن تصل إلى نقطة رفع أو خفض لا تُذكر. رمز المُعادلات: sطول الرُمُوّ). (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107730"},{"id":107731,"arabic":"زمن المسير","english":"length-of-run","french":"longueur de parcours [f.]","description":"1. المسافة التي يجب أن تسري خلالها المياه في الأخاديد أو فوق سطح حقل في قناة توزيع إلى قناة أخرى أو إلى نهاية الحقل. 2. الفترة الزمنية المسموح بها لمن يقوم بالري ابتداءاً من تسلّمه دوره في نظام التوزيع بالمناوبات. (انظر: زمن مسار الري) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107731"},{"id":107732,"arabic":"زمن المسير","english":"length-of-run","french":"durée d'arrosage [f.]","description":"طول مسار الري","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107732"},{"id":107733,"arabic":"حاجز","english":"levee","french":"digue","description":"أنظر أيضاً:\nحاجز طبيعي \nردم اصطناعي يُقام من أجل احتواء مياه نهر في قطاع مُحَدَّد أو للوقاية من الفيضانات الناجمة عن الأمواج أو المد والجزر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107733"},{"id":107734,"arabic":"رُقعَة الريّ بالرفع","english":"lift irrigation area / lift area","french":"zone d’irrigation par pompage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107734"},{"id":107735,"arabic":"بوابة هدّار خطافية","english":"lifting hook type gate","french":"contacteur à crochet [m.]","description":"في منشآت تخزين المياه، بوابة خطافية الشكل لتوجيه تدفقات المفيض. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107735"},{"id":107736,"arabic":"مَصْرِف الخط","english":"line drain","french":"vidange de canalisation [f.]","description":"تجهيزة تفريغ تُركّب عند نقط النهايات في خطوط الأنابيب المدفونة تحت الأرض في شبكة الريّ بالرش. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107736"},{"id":107737,"arabic":"مسار التدفق","english":"line of flow / path line / path / streakline","french":"trajectoire des particules","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107737"},{"id":107738,"arabic":"مادة مُتخلِّفة سائلة","english":"liquid residual","french":"résidu liquide [m.]","description":"منظومة تعمل على تصريف المياه التي لا يمكن تخزينها في حوض التخزين الرئيسيّ دون حدوث ضرر. ويتكوَّن هذا المخلص من منشأ المدخل ووصلة توجيه مياه الفيضان ومُنْشأة تبديد الطاقة. (انظر: [منظومة أعمال الفيض](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109627)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107738"},{"id":107739,"arabic":"سائل غير قابل للانضغاط","english":"liquid, incompressible","french":"liquide, incompressible [m.]","description":"أيٌّ من السوائل التي تعتمد كثافتها على درجة الضغط. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107739"},{"id":107740,"arabic":"تخزين مفيد","english":"live storage","french":"capacité utile","description":"سعة بحيرة أو خزان بين مستويات التشغيل الدنيا والعليا.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107740"},{"id":107741,"arabic":"بَوابة","english":"lock; sluice; gate","french":"écluse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107741"},{"id":107742,"arabic":"مُنحدر الكتل الخشبية","english":"log chute","french":"passe de flottage [f.]","description":"شريط أرضي على طول المجرى المائي، له أهمية خاصة بالنسبة لعمليات صيانة هذا المجرى، وتشكيله القريب من الطبيعة، واستخدامه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107742"},{"id":107743,"arabic":"هَدّار من دعائم خشبية","english":"log weir","french":"barrage mobile en troncs d'arbres lestés [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107743"},{"id":107744,"arabic":"ريّ الأخاديد الطولية","english":"long line furrow method","french":"méthode d'arrosage par rigoles d'infiltration de grande longueur [f.]","description":"نمط تخطيط للري على جوانب التلال عندما تكون الأراضي أقل نفاذية. وفيه تنساب المياه خلال مسيلات من الألومنيوم، تتجه إلى أسفل المُنحدر عند حدود الحقل وفي مواقع متوسطة منه. وتمتد الأخاديد بانحدار مُعتدل مُتعامدة مع المسيلات وتمر أسفلها. وتُطلق مياه إضافية من المسيل إلى الأخدود عند نقط التقاطع، وتُجمّع المياه الزائدة عند نهاية الأخدود في خندق صرف لاستعمالها بعد ذلك في ري الأراضي الواقعة أسفل المُنحدر. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107744"},{"id":107745,"arabic":"عارضة رفع","english":"Longeron","french":"longrine","description":"جهاز لنقل وتركيب الألواح الحاجزة وألواح السدود. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107745"},{"id":107746,"arabic":"مقطع طولي","english":"longitudinal section","french":"profil en long","description":"مقطع رأسي لقناة على طول محورها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107746"},{"id":107747,"arabic":"مُنشأ طوليّ (موازٍ لاتجاه التيار)","english":"longitudinal structure","french":"ouvrage longitudinal","description":"مُنشأة تأمين تُركّب على قاع المجرى المائي، بالتوازي مع اتجاه تدفق المياه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107747"},{"id":107748,"arabic":"محطة قدرة ذات ضغط مُنخفض","english":"low head power plant","french":"centrale à basse pression [f.]","description":"محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، ذات ارتفاع سقوط ضئيل نسبياً للمياه، وتكون مُزوّدة في المُعتاد بتوربينات 'كابلان'. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107748"},{"id":107749,"arabic":"منسوب خفض مُستوى المياه","english":"lowering height","french":"hauteur d’abaissement [f.]","description":"الفرق في الارتفاع بين منسوب المياه في حالة التدفق العادي وفي حالات حجز المياه أو انخفاض منسوبها. رمز المُعادلات: sعُلُوّ الماء)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107749"},{"id":107750,"arabic":"خَزان نِهائي","english":"lowest reservoir (of a swell)","french":"accumulateur final [m.]","description":"خزان يقع في أدنى مبنى توليد للطاقة الكهرومائية في سلسلة مُنشآت توليد الطاقة، ويعمل على التحكم المحدود (الموازنة). (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107750"},{"id":107751,"arabic":"غاز تقطير","english":"low-temperature carbonization gas","french":"gaz de carbonisation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107751"},{"id":107752,"arabic":"سد رئيسيّ","english":"main dike; main levee","french":"digue principale [f.]","description":"سد في خط الحجز الأول، تتمثل وظيفته في الحماية من المد (أو الجزر) العاصِف. (انظر: سد حماية اليابسة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107752"},{"id":107753,"arabic":"مَخْلَص رئيسيّ","english":"main discharge","french":"décharge principale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107753"},{"id":107754,"arabic":"مَصْرِف رئيسيّ","english":"main drain; leader drain","french":"drain principal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107754"},{"id":107755,"arabic":"أُنْبوب رئيسيّ","english":"main line","french":"conduite principale [f.]; canalisation principale [f.]","description":"1. في مجال الإمداد بالمياه وتصريفها، أنبوب ماء مُزود بوظيفة توزيع رئيسية، وذلك في منطقة الإمداد أو التصريف، وفي المُعتاد لا يكون هذا الأنبوب مُتصلاً مُباشرةً مع المُستهلك. 2. في مجال الريّ، هو الموصل – في شبكة ريّ بالرش – الذي ينقل ماء تحت ضغط من مصدر الإمداد لتغذية الخطوط الفرعية الثانوية أو الخطوط الفرعية الحاملة للرشاشات. ويُشار غالباً إلى خط الإمداد المُغذيّ لشبكة الرشاش العملاق بمُصطلح 'خط فرعيّ'.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107755"},{"id":107756,"arabic":"صِيانة بوسائل حَيوية (بيولوجية)","english":"maintenance by biological means","french":"entretien biologique [m.]","description":"العناية بالمجاري المائية أو السدود مثلاً وتطويرها، وذلك عن طريق الاستفادة الحيوية من إمكانات الأسماك أو الأغنام أو النباتات. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107756"},{"id":107757,"arabic":"خُطَّة الصِيانة","english":"maintenance plan","french":"plan d’entretien [m.]","description":"مجموعة الإجراءات المنصوص عليها في قوانين المياه والإجراءات التقنية والبيئية والاقتصادية الهامة لأعمال الصيانة اللازمة للمجاري المائية مع الإشارة إلى الصيانة الدورية. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107757"},{"id":107758,"arabic":"طَريق الصِيانة","english":"maintenance road","french":"voie d’entretien [f.]","description":"طريق يكون عادةً غير مُمهّد، ويمتد بطول سرير المجرى المائي، ويستخدم في تنفيذ أعمال الصيانة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107758"},{"id":107759,"arabic":"تعلية تربة الضِفُة","english":"man-made embankment","french":"rehausse du terrain à proximité des rives [f.]","description":"التعلية الاصطناعية للتربة القريبة من ضفة النهر. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107759"},{"id":107760,"arabic":"غِطاء","english":"mantel","french":"pièce de fermeture de puits","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107760"},{"id":107761,"arabic":"حاجِز هامِشيّ","english":"marginal bund","french":"barrage d’amont [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107761"},{"id":107762,"arabic":"سد بِنائي","english":"masonry dam","french":"barrage en maçonnerie","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107762"},{"id":107763,"arabic":"سَدٌّ بِنائيّ","english":"masonry dam","french":"mur de barrage [m.]","description":"سدّ مبني من مواد عادية أو من الخرسانة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107763"},{"id":107764,"arabic":"سد بنائي ترابي","english":"masonry-cum-earth dam","french":"barrage combiné [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107764"},{"id":107765,"arabic":"سَدٌّ عقديّ مُصمَت","english":"massive arch dam","french":"barrage voûte massif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107765"},{"id":107766,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مُثبت بدَعائم ذاتِ رؤوس ضخمة","english":"massive head buttress dam","french":"mur de barrage à tête massive [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107766"},{"id":107767,"arabic":"مَرْحلة الذروة (للخزان)","english":"maximum water level (reservoir)","french":"niveau maximal de crue (bassin de retenue) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107767"},{"id":107768,"arabic":"نطاق منعطف نهري","english":"meander belt","french":"lit des méandres","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107768"},{"id":107769,"arabic":"طول منعطف نهري","english":"meander length","french":"longueur d'onde d'un méandre","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107769"},{"id":107770,"arabic":"نِسبة الانعطاف","english":"meander ratio","french":"rapport de l'amplitude","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107770"},{"id":107771,"arabic":"عرض منعطف نهري","english":"meander width","french":"gabarit d'un méandre / amplitude d'un méandre","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107771"},{"id":107772,"arabic":"مُنْعَطف","english":"meandering","french":"sinueux","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107772"},{"id":107773,"arabic":"ريّ مطري متوسط الكثافة","english":"medium rate sprinkling","french":"arrosage moyen [m.]","description":"ري مطري بكثافة رش مياه تتراوح بين 7 مم/ساعة و 20 مم/ساعة. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107773"},{"id":107774,"arabic":"ريّ ميكرويّ (ريّ مطريّ برشاشات دقيقة)","english":"micro-irrigation","french":"micro-arrosage [m.]","description":"ري بالرش ضعيف المياه، مع وصول الماء لمسافة ضئيلة نسبياً. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107774"},{"id":107775,"arabic":"مادة مُلوِّثة دقيقة","english":"micropollutant","french":"micropolluant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107775"},{"id":107776,"arabic":"حشوة معدنية","english":"mineral filler","french":"masse de remplissage minérale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107776"},{"id":107777,"arabic":"حد أدنى لمنسوب المياه (في خزان مثلاً)","english":"minimum operating level","french":"niveau minimal d'exploitation","description":"منسوب الماء الذي يوازي مُستوى التصريف الأرضي. رمز المُعادلات: T\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107777"},{"id":107778,"arabic":"استخدام المياه في المناجم","english":"mining water use","french":"utilisation de l'eau par l'industrie minière","description":"المياه المستخدمة في استخراج الحجارة والمعادن من باطن الأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107778"},{"id":107779,"arabic":"بوابات أهوسة","english":"mitering gate","french":"fermeture à porte busquée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107779"},{"id":107780,"arabic":"حساب هيدروجيولوجيّ كيميائيّ نَمُوذَجيّ","english":"model calculation, hydrogeochemical","french":"modèle de calcul hydrogéochimique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107780"},{"id":107781,"arabic":"وحدة الترطيب","english":"moisting installation","french":"installation d'humidification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107781"},{"id":107782,"arabic":"كَمّية الرطوبة","english":"moisture content","french":"taux d'humidité","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107782"},{"id":107783,"arabic":"نَقْص الرطوبة","english":"moisture deficit","french":"déficit en humidité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107783"},{"id":107784,"arabic":"النسبة المئوية للرطوبة","english":"moisture percentage","french":"pourcentage d’humidité [m.]","description":"أيٌّ من البوابات التي تعمل على إغلاق المداخل، وأنابيب الضغط، والدهاليز بشكل تلقائي سريع.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107784"},{"id":107785,"arabic":"سَعَة مائية قُصوى","english":"moisture-holding capacity / maximum water capacity","french":"capacité d’absorption d’eau maximale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107785"},{"id":107786,"arabic":"مَصْرِف نَفَقيّ","english":"mole drain","french":"drain sans tubes [m.]","description":"مصرف لا يحتوي على أنابيب صرف. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107786"},{"id":107787,"arabic":"مَصْرِف نَفَقيّ","english":"mole drain","french":"drainage par charrue-taupe [m.]","description":"مصرف أسطواني الشكل، تم إنشاؤه تحت سطح التربة، بجرّ كرة من الصُلب مثلاً. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107787"},{"id":107788,"arabic":"صَرْف نَفَقِيّ","english":"mole drainage","french":"drainage par charrue-taupe [m.]","description":"طريقة الصرف بواسطة مصارف نفقية. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107788"},{"id":107789,"arabic":"بئر رصد","english":"monitoring well","french":"puits de surveillance","description":"بئر يستخدم لاستخراج عيّنات لفحص نوعية المياه أو لقياس مستويات المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107789"},{"id":107790,"arabic":"فَيَضان شهريّ","english":"monthly flood","french":"crue mensuelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107790"},{"id":107791,"arabic":"تركيبة لخطوط الأنابيب حرة التدفق","english":"moulding for free-flow pipelines","french":"raccord pour conduite gravitaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107791"},{"id":107792,"arabic":"وُصلة (قالب) من الخرسانة","english":"moulding made from concrete; fitting made from concrete","french":"raccord en béton [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107792"},{"id":107793,"arabic":"مُحوّل للمجرى المائيّ","english":"mouse trap","french":"vannette en tôle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107793"},{"id":107794,"arabic":"هَدّار مُتحرِّك","english":"movable weir; collapsible weir","french":"barrage mobile","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107794"},{"id":107795,"arabic":"ماكينة ري خطية","english":"moving lateral types irrigation machine","french":"Machines à irriguer types pivot et rampes frontales","description":"ماكينة أوتوماتية للري المطري، تتكوّن من أنبوب تحمله عدة أبراج ذاتية الحركة. ملحوظة: تتحرّك الماكينة بحيث يظل اتجاه مسار الأنبوب ثابتاً ومُستقراً، بينما يعبر الأنبوب الحقل في خط مُستقيم، وبذلك يتم ري مساحة مُربعة. وتجري تغذية الماكينة بالمياه من أي موضع في الأنبوب بواسطة خرطوم يتحرّك معها. وتجري عملية توزيع المياه عن طريق رشاشات توجد على طول الأنبوب. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107795"},{"id":107796,"arabic":"سد ذو دَعائم متعددة القباب","english":"multiple dome buttress dam","french":"barrage à contreforts à dôme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107796"},{"id":107797,"arabic":"مَصْرِف ضيق","english":"narrow drain filled with coarse material","french":"drain à fente [m.]","description":"مصرف جانبي في التربة على شكل فتحة تصريف ضيقة، مملوءة كلياً أو جزئياً بمواد تُساعد على تخلّل الماء. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107797"},{"id":107798,"arabic":"غِطاء طبيعيّ","english":"natural blanket","french":"tapis naturel [m.]","description":"مواد ملء وردم مأخوذة من أجزاء طبيعية من التُربة، تُستخدم كغطاء لمُستودعات النفايات على سبيل المثال. ويكون الغطاء الطبيعي بوجه عام أقل نفاذية للماء، وذلك لمنع تكوّن ماء الرشح.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107798"},{"id":107799,"arabic":"هويس","english":"navigation lock","french":"écluse de navigation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107799"},{"id":107800,"arabic":"إبْرة السَّد","english":"needle","french":"barrage à aiguilles [m.]","description":"جزء من بوابة المُراقبة، يعمل على غلق الفتحة رأسياً. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107800"},{"id":107801,"arabic":"هدّار إبري","english":"needle weir","french":"barrage à aiguilles [m.]","description":"هدّار مُتحرّك، تُستعمل فيه ألواح خشبيّة إبريّة (رأسية أو مائلة) للتحكم في منسوب المياه. وهذه الألواح تُركّب على قاع النهر أو على رأس الهدّار.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107801"},{"id":107802,"arabic":"احتياج (ال..) المُعطَى لمزرعة","english":"net irrigation requirement / farm delivery requirement","french":"besoins en irrigation nets [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107802"},{"id":107803,"arabic":"علو المصّ الإيجابيّ الصافيّ","english":"net positive seduction head (NPSH)","french":"niveau de pression de maintien (NPSH) [m.]","description":"في محطة توليد طاقة كهرمائية، مُتغيرات القياس المُرتبطة بسلوك التكهّف وعلو السقوط وعلو الرفع. رمز المُعادلات: Dh\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107803"},{"id":107804,"arabic":"صافي إيراد هُطول المطر","english":"net supply rainfall","french":"pluie d’alimentation nette [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107804"},{"id":107805,"arabic":"غاز غير قابل للتكثف","english":"non-condensable gas (NCG)","french":"gaz non condensable [m.]","description":"الفتحة المُتبقية بعد حدوث كسر بالسد أو فتحة مُقررة به. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107805"},{"id":107806,"arabic":"سَدٌّ غير انسكابي","english":"non-overflow dam","french":"digue sans déversoir [f.]","description":"1- سد غير مُزوّد بأي تجهيزة مفيض على كامل طوله (سد بنائي). 2- الجزء من السد الذي يفترض ألا تصل المياه إلى مُستواه. (انظر: سد غير انسكابي)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107806"},{"id":107807,"arabic":"تخفيف حدة فيضان بدون استخدام منشآت تحكم","english":"non-structural flood control measures","french":"mesures non structurelles de prévention contre les inondations","description":"تدابير للحد من الأضرار التي تسببها الفيضانات من غير التحكم بالمياه باللجوء إلى إنشاءات معيّنة. ومن هذه التدابير تخطيط استخدامات الأرض (تحديد السهول الفيضانية)، ومعالجة الأراضي الواقعة عند المنبع أو إدارتها، وأنشطة مكافحة الفيضانات، وإخلاء الأراضي، وأنظمة الإنذار بالفيضانات، والتأمين ضد الفيضانات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107807"},{"id":107808,"arabic":"مِعيار","english":"norm","french":"standard [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107808"},{"id":107809,"arabic":"رشّاشَة حقليّة مقْطورة","english":"nozzle boom","french":"chariot à buses [m.]","description":"حامل مزدوج مدعوم من المُنتصف، يعمل على توزيع المياه على فوهات ومدافع الرش المُركّبة على مواضع الضخ. وتُستخدم الرشاشة الحقلية المقطورة، مثلاً، بالارتباط مع ماكينة الري ذات الأنابيب الأسطوانية وتتصل بها. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107809"},{"id":107810,"arabic":"طريقة خَطّ الرذاذ","english":"nozzle-line method / sprayline method","french":"système à rampe d'arrosage avec gicleurs [m.]","description":"طريقة للري بالرش تشتمل على أنبوب أو أكثر بقطر صغير نسيباً، ومُزوّدة بصف مُنفرد من نوافير صغيرة يتباعد بعضها عن بعض بمسافات مُنتظمة على امتداد أطوالها بالكامل. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107810"},{"id":107811,"arabic":"(فيضان احنمالي 1 نيوتن (وحدة","english":"N-year flood probabilty","french":"crue de probabilité 1/N [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107811"},{"id":107812,"arabic":"بئر رصد","english":"observation well (or monitor well)","french":"puits d'observation","description":"بئر يستخدم للحصول على عيّنات لفحص نوعية المياه أو لقياس مستويات المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107812"},{"id":107813,"arabic":"غطاء مائيّ طراز الهدار العائق","english":"obstruction weir type water seal","french":"joint hydraulique à déversoir en aval","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107813"},{"id":107814,"arabic":"هَدّار أوجيّ","english":"ogee weir","french":"déversoir en doucine [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107814"},{"id":107815,"arabic":"رىّ بخرطوم مساميّ","english":"oozo irrigation; porous hose irrigation","french":"arrosage par manche en toile perméable [m.]","description":"طريقة ري يستخدم فيها خرطوم من نسيج مساميّ أو أنبوب مُثَقَّب، وفيها يُغلق الطرف الخارجيّ للخرطوم أو الأنبوب ويُضخ الماء خلاله. وعند امتلاء الخرطوم أو الأنبوب ونشوء ضغط خفيف به تبدأ المياه في الإنبثاق من جدران الخرطوم أو الأنبوب. (انظر: [ريّ بخرطوم مساميّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107889))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107815"},{"id":107816,"arabic":"سَدُّ تحويل مفتوح","english":"open weir / open diversion dam","french":"digue de débordement ouverte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107816"},{"id":107817,"arabic":"مُنظِّم الطاقة","english":"operating governor","french":"régulateur de marche [m.]","description":"مقطع مُستعرض عند بداية الأنبوب الحلزوني. وحدة القياس: م². (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107817"},{"id":107818,"arabic":"خُلُوص التشغيل","english":"operational freeboard","french":"franc-bord d’exploitation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107818"},{"id":107819,"arabic":"احتياجات مائية مُثلَى","english":"optimum irrigation requirements","french":"besoins optimum en eau d'irrigation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107819"},{"id":107820,"arabic":"تَتابُع","english":"order / sequence / succession","french":"ordre [m.]","description":"سد عقدي مُنحني مُزدوج له نفس زاوية الفتح في جميع مقاطعه الأفقية. (DIN 4048-1:1987))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107820"},{"id":107821,"arabic":"سلم سمك ذو حوض وفوهة","english":"orifice fish ladder / pool and orifice fishway / submerged jet fish ladder","french":"échelle à poissons avec tubes d’écoulement [f.]","description":"شكل خاص من أشكال السدود الثابتة  في قناطر الحجز، والتي يتم فيها تصريف المياه عبر عتبة المفيض. ويحدث ذلك دون زيادة ملحوظة في منسوب المياه في الأحباس العليا. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107821"},{"id":107822,"arabic":"المادة الأم","english":"original material","french":"matériau d’origine [m.]","description":"طريقة ريّ سطحيّ تجري فيها المياه في أخاديد بين صفوف المحاصيل. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107822"},{"id":107823,"arabic":"ذِراع تردديّة","english":"oscillating arm","french":"balancier à ressort [m.]","description":"نبيطة ميكانيكية مُحرّكة تتسبب في دوران رأس الرشاش، ويدفعها نفث الماء المُنبثق إلى الخارج، ثم ترتد بالتالي بواسطة زنبرك لي يدفع الطرف الدوراني إلى الأمام بصدمات مُنتظمة مُتحكم فيها. (انظر: [ذراع ترددي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107824)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107823"},{"id":107824,"arabic":"ذراع ترددي","english":"oscillator","french":"balancier à ressort [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، هي نبيطة ميكانيكية مُتحركة تتسبب في دوران رأس الرشاش، التي يدفعها نفث الماء للخارج، ثم ترتد بالتالي بواسطة زنبرك، ممّا يدفع الطرف الدرواني إلى الأمام بصدمات مُنتظمة مضبوطة بدقة. (انظر: [ذِراع تردديّة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107823))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107824"},{"id":107825,"arabic":"سدّة خارجية","english":"outer dike","french":"digue extérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107825"},{"id":107826,"arabic":"حاجِز واقٍ","english":"outer dike","french":"digue extérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107826"},{"id":107827,"arabic":"مصب","english":"outfall","french":"exutoire d'un réseau","description":"نقطة تفرغ فيها المياه العادمة أو مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107827"},{"id":107828,"arabic":"منشآت المخرج","english":"outfall structure / outfall works / outlet works","french":"ouvrage de décharge [m.] / ouvrage de rejet [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107828"},{"id":107829,"arabic":"فَيْض جانبيّ","english":"outflanking","french":"débordement d’un fleuve [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107829"},{"id":107830,"arabic":"مخرج","english":"outlet","french":"exutoire","description":"فتحة أو ممر تنساب عبره المياه للخروج من خزان أو من مجرى مائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107830"},{"id":107831,"arabic":"مَصْرِف مِنطقة","english":"outlet channel, regional","french":"émissaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107831"},{"id":107832,"arabic":"مَصْرِف اعتراضيّ","english":"outlet rill; drainage terrace","french":"fossé d'interception [m.]; rigole de colature [f.]","description":"خندق أو مصرف صغير عند الطرف الأسفل لحقل مَروي، يُستخدم لتجميع المياه السطحية الزائدة لإعادة توزيعها أو للتخلّص منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107832"},{"id":107833,"arabic":"حائط الجناح الخلفيّ","english":"outlet wing wall","french":"mur à aile aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107833"},{"id":107834,"arabic":"جدار منحدر خارجي","english":"outside slope / slope, outer","french":"talus extérieur [m.] / berge extérieure [f.]","description":"جزء الحاجز المواجه للمياه (ولكن مثلاً في سويسرا وإيطاليا غير المواجه للمياه). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه ومياه الصرف الصحي والنفايات-لائحة رقم 507 -1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107834"},{"id":107835,"arabic":"كفاية إجمالية","english":"overall efficiency","french":"rendement global [m.]","description":"النسبة بين الاحتياج المائيّ للنباتات، وإجمالي الاحتياج من المياه. رمز المُعادلات: G\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107835"},{"id":107836,"arabic":"مِصراع ذو ثقل موازن علوي","english":"over-counterweight shutter","french":"clapet équilibré à contrepoids supérieur [m.]","description":"مصراع أوتوماتي موجود في مُنشئات الريّ، وهو يحتفظ بمنسوب مياه ثابت بواسطة مجموعة من الأثقال الموازنة يمكن وضعها فوق المصراع. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107836"},{"id":107837,"arabic":"سَدٌّ انسكابيّ","english":"overflow dam / overfall dam","french":"digue submergée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107837"},{"id":107838,"arabic":"حاجز حماية جزئيّ","english":"overflow dike","french":"digue d'été [f.]","description":"حاجز مُصمم لأهداف حماية محدودة، في الأراضي الزراعية مثلاً، حيث يمنع تعرّضها للفيضانات المٌتكررة، الصغيرة والمتوسطة. (انظر: [خندق صيفيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108176)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107838"},{"id":107839,"arabic":"سَدّ الفائض","english":"overflow dike","french":"canal de déversement [m.]","description":"(انظر: [طريق مُتدحرِج](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107994))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107839"},{"id":107840,"arabic":"عُلُوّ أمام الهدّار","english":"overflow hight; overflow hight","french":"hauteur de lame déversante [f.]","description":"فرق الارتفاع بين سطح الماء الراكد وبين قمة الهدار، مثال ذلك: مفيض الحوض: hBü مفيض التنقية: hKü مفيض مياه المطر: hRü رمز المُعادلات: hü (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107840"},{"id":107841,"arabic":"مُنْخَفَض صيفيّ","english":"overflow polder","french":"polder d’été [m.]","description":"مُنخفض يتكوّن نتيجةً لحاجز حماية جزئيّ، يوفّر حماية محدودة، حيث أنه يحميه سد الفائض من الفيضانات الصغيرة والمتوسطة المُتكررة. (انظر: [مُنْخَفَض الفَيْض](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107842)). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم:507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107841"},{"id":107842,"arabic":"مُنْخَفَض الفَيْض","english":"overflow polder","french":"polder de déversement [m.]","description":"(انظر: [مُنْخَفَض صيفيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107841))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107842"},{"id":107843,"arabic":"مخلص منعكس المنحنيين","english":"overflow spillway / ogee type spillway","french":"ouvrage de décharge [m.]","description":"مقطع مُنعكس المُنحنيين لسد مُصمم بحيث يسمح بمرور المياه فوق قمته. ويُستعمل بكثرة في السدود التثاقلية والعقدية والمُدعمة والجوفية. (انظر: منظومة المخلص الحُر، مخلص حُر) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DWA) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107843"},{"id":107844,"arabic":"مَخْلص حر","english":"overflow spillway; ogee type spillway","french":"évacuateur de surface [m.]","description":"ري بالرشاشات لحماية النباتات من الصقيع من خلال حرارة التجمد المُتحررة عند تحوّل المياه إلى ثلج. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107844"},{"id":107845,"arabic":"صفيحة ماء","english":"overflowing sheet of water","french":"lame déversante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107845"},{"id":107846,"arabic":"بوابة مفيض","english":"overpour gate","french":"volet-déversoir","description":"تجهيزة توجد في مُنشآت الري الرئيسية، تعمل على منع انقلاب الموجات. ويُستخدم هدار ومضي في حالة غلق الهدار، على سبيل المثال لمنع وجود نفايات على الحافة العلوية للهدار.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107846"},{"id":107847,"arabic":"بوابة مفيض","english":"overpour gate","french":"volet-déversoir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107847"},{"id":107848,"arabic":"برج الفيض","english":"overspill tower","french":"tour de déversoir","description":"في أحواض التخزين،  برج قائم بذاته له قمة تغمرها المياه، ويُعتبر مُنشأة تحويل لنظام الصرف. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107848"},{"id":107849,"arabic":"غَمَرَ","english":"overtop the banks (to) / flood the banks (to) / overtopping the banks (to) / overflow","french":"déborder / débordement [m.]","description":"خروج المياه من سرير المجسم المائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107849"},{"id":107850,"arabic":"عجلة الفناجين","english":"paddle wheel","french":"roue à aubes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107850"},{"id":107851,"arabic":"تجهيزة داعمة","english":"panic exit bar","french":"barre anti-panique","description":"حماية القدمة المُكوّنة من قضيب أو عدد من القضبان المُتراصة بعضها فوق بعض والمُثبتة بالخوازيق. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107851"},{"id":107852,"arabic":"هَدّار قَطْع مكافئ","english":"parabolic weir","french":"barrage parabolique [m.]","description":"هدّار قياس يعمل وجود مساحات مُنحنية مُتكافئة المقطع من الجانبين على تحديد مقطعه العرضي للتدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107852"},{"id":107853,"arabic":"نَمطُ صَرْف مُتوازٍ","english":"parallel drainage pattern","french":"assèchement parallèle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107853"},{"id":107854,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مُتوازٍ","english":"parallel flow","french":"écoulement parallèle","description":"سدٌ ينشأ في الغالب من مواد البناء الطبيعية بالتراكم. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107854"},{"id":107855,"arabic":"نِظام مفتوح مزود بقنوات جانبية متوازية","english":"parallel lateral open ditch system","french":"système avec fossés latéraux parallèles, ouvert [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107855"},{"id":107856,"arabic":"أحواض مستطيلة","english":"parcel of land, rectangular","french":"bassin rectangulaire [m.]","description":"وحدات من رقعة أرض مُتعامدة على الجانب الطولي لحقل مُستطيل، حيث يُقسّم الحقل إلى هذه الوحدات لأغراض الريّ. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107856"},{"id":107857,"arabic":"بئر جزئي","english":"partially penetrating well","french":"puits incomplet","description":"بئر يكون فيه ارتفاع سطح دخول المياه أقل من سمك الطبقة المشبعة الحاملة للمياه التي يخترقها البئر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107857"},{"id":107858,"arabic":"ذُروَة الفيضان اليومية","english":"peak, daily flood","french":"crête de crue d’une journée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107858"},{"id":107859,"arabic":"مِنطقة المشاة","english":"pedestrian area","french":"zone piétonne [f.]","description":"في أعمال ضبط وتوسيع مجرى مائي ما، هي حجارة منحوتة طبيعية أو اصطناعية، مصفوفة عرضياً على اتجاه التدفق، وإذا لزم الأمر، على طبقة الترشيح. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107859"},{"id":107860,"arabic":"مِنطقة المياه المُعلقة بالخاصية الشعرية","english":"pellicular zone","french":"zone pelliculaire [f.]; zone pellicule [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107860"},{"id":107861,"arabic":"صِمام بوابة (للأهوسة وسدود الأودية)","english":"penstock","french":"vanne murale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107861"},{"id":107862,"arabic":"مَعْبَر ضغْط","english":"penstock","french":"conduite forcée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107862"},{"id":107863,"arabic":"تكرار نسبيّ لدرجة مُعينة من الفيضان","english":"percentage frequency of a given flood","french":"fréquence d’une crue particulière en pourcentage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107863"},{"id":107864,"arabic":"مِرَشّ","english":"percolator / irrigator","french":"percolateur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107864"},{"id":107865,"arabic":"رقعة رى دائم","english":"perennial area","french":"région irrigable à long terme [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107865"},{"id":107866,"arabic":"ري بخرطوم مساميّ","english":"perforated hose irrigation","french":"ruissellement par flexible [m.]","description":"في هندسة المياه للأغراض الزراعية، هي عملية رش المياه بواسطة خراطيم مسامية مُتحرّكة وذات ضغط تشغيل زائد منخفض. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107866"},{"id":107867,"arabic":"منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش المُثقّبة","english":"perforated line method","french":"système à tuyaux perforés [m.]","description":"جهاز ري بالرش يشتمل على أنابيب خفيفة الوزن قابلة للنقل ذات ثقوب صغيرة مرتبة بتنظيم يسمح بري شرائح من الأرض على جانبي الأنبوب رياً مُنتظماً. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983). (انظر أيضاً: ري بالتنقيط)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107867"},{"id":107868,"arabic":"حَدٌّ","english":"perimeter / circumference / periphery","french":"bord [m.]","description":"السد الذي يعتمد في ثباته على وزنه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107868"},{"id":107869,"arabic":"تَخْزين دَائِم","english":"permanent storage","french":"espace de stockage longue durée [m.]","description":"جُزء من مساحة التخزين تحت منطقة الاحتفاظ بمياه الفيضان في خزان الاحتفاظ بمياه الفيضان. رمز المُعادلات: D\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107869"},{"id":107870,"arabic":"هَدّار 'بفارّ'","english":"Pfarr weir","french":"barrage de Pfarr [m.]","description":"هدار مُستطيل الشكل يُستخدم في أغراض معملية؛ وقد سُمّي على اسم البروفيسور بفار (Professor Pfarr).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107870"},{"id":107871,"arabic":"تقييم كيميائيّ فيزيائيّ للمُسطحات المائية","english":"physicochemical evaluation of waters","french":"évaluation physicochimique des eaux [f.]","description":"مُتطلبات الري لمساحة جزئية مُحددة. ويُقاس مقدار احتياج الحقل للماء بالمتر المُكعب في السنة أو بالمتر المُكعب في اليوم، أو بالمتر المُكعب في الثانية الواحدة أو باللتر في الثانية الواحدة. رمز المُعادلات: F\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107871"},{"id":107872,"arabic":"هَدّار مُنظِّم","english":"pick-up weir / regulating weir / regulating pondage weir","french":"barrage de régulation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107872"},{"id":107873,"arabic":"هدار مُنَظِّم","english":"pick-up weir; regulating weir; regulating pondage weir","french":"barrage de dérivation en reprise","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107873"},{"id":107874,"arabic":"بيزومتر","english":"piezometer","french":"piézomètre","description":"بئر رصد يُقاس فيه منسوب سطح الغطاء الجوفي أو الضاغط البيزومتري.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107874"},{"id":107875,"arabic":"حامل متعدد الدعامات","english":"pile bent pier","french":"pile à plusieurs pieux [f.]","description":"حامل الخشبية أو الصُّلب أو الخرسانة المُسلحة، تُدق في قاع النهر. وتتوّج هذه الحوامل بكمرة تحمل أرضية الكوبري، ولهذا يُسمى رأس الحامل أيضاً 'قلنسوة'.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107875"},{"id":107876,"arabic":"حاجز خوازيق","english":"pile dike","french":"palissade [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107876"},{"id":107877,"arabic":"هَدّار الخوازيق","english":"pile weir","french":"barrage à poteaux [m.]","description":"هدّار شبه مُنفذ، يُقام بدق خوازيق لرفع منسوب الماء إلى المُستوى المطلوب. (انظر: [هَدّار الخوازيق](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107877)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107877"},{"id":107878,"arabic":"هدار مدعم بخوازيق","english":"pile weir","french":"barrage à poteaux [m.]","description":"(انظر: [هَدّار الخوازيق](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107877))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107878"},{"id":107879,"arabic":"مَصْرِف أُنبوبيّ","english":"pipe drain; tile drain","french":"drain en tuyau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107879"},{"id":107880,"arabic":"تركيبة","english":"pipe fitting; moulding","french":"raccord [m.]; pièce complémentaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107880"},{"id":107881,"arabic":"دهليز الأنابيب","english":"pipe gallery","french":"galerie de tubes [f.]","description":"ممر ممدود تمر منه خطوط الأنابيب. (انظر: صالة الأنابيب). (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107881"},{"id":107882,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صاعد","english":"pipe, riser / riser turnout / riser outlet","french":"colonne montante [f.] / prise à tube allonge vertical [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مَخرَج](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103762))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107882"},{"id":107883,"arabic":"إحداث فجوة أنْبوبية","english":"piping","french":"ligne de drains [f.]","description":"تكوّن مسارات وخطوط جريان للمياه أسفل سطح الأرض بفعل مياه الصرف، ممّا يؤدي لاحقاً إلى حدوث تآكل داخلي ارتدادي. وقد تكون جذور النباتات، وتقاطع الأنابيب، وجحور الحيوانات الحفّارة، ووصلات المبانى من أهم أسباب حدوث ذلك. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107883"},{"id":107884,"arabic":"احتياج النبات للمياه","english":"plant water requirement","french":"besoin en eau de plantations [m.]","description":"احتياج النباتات لمياه الريّ الملائمة لاستهلاكها منه، الذي تم تقليله ليُناسب القدر الفعلي للهطولات. رمز المُعادلات: QP، وحدة القياس: م3/سنة، م3/يوم، م3/ثانية، لتر/ثانية (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107884"},{"id":107885,"arabic":"زراعة عيدان القصب","english":"planting of reeds","french":"plantation de roselière [f.]","description":"تتم زراعة عيدان القصب عن طريق غرس حزم منه أو أشباه جذوره (الريزوفور) أو براعمه أو جذوعه في المنطقة التي تتعرّض للتغيُّر في منسوب المياه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107885"},{"id":107886,"arabic":"تغيير القُطْب","english":"pole changing (control) (elec.)","french":"permutation de pôles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107886"},{"id":107887,"arabic":"هَدّار بونسيليه المستطيل","english":"Poncelet rectangular weir","french":"déversoir rectangulaire de Poncelet [m.]","description":"هدار مُستطيل يُستخدم لأغراض معملية، ويكون مُتقلصاً من الجانبين على نحو مُضاعف. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107887"},{"id":107888,"arabic":"منطقة نباتات مائية","english":"pondweed zone","french":"zone à potamogéton [f.]","description":"حيّز أسفل سطح الماء، تعيش به نباتات بصفة مُستمرة (مثل ورد النيل). (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107888"},{"id":107889,"arabic":"ريّ بخرطوم مساميّ","english":"porous-hose irrigation / oozo irrigation","french":"arrosage par manche en toile perméable [m.]","description":"(انظر: [رىّ بخرطوم مساميّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107815))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107889"},{"id":107890,"arabic":"طاقة الوضع لحوض تخزين","english":"potential energy of a reservoir","french":"capacité de travail d’un bassin de retenue [f.]","description":"الطاقة الكهربائية المُتولدة من مُحتوى غرفة التشغيل. رمز المُعادلات: IBR\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107890"},{"id":107891,"arabic":"مُوصِّل القدرة المائية","english":"power conduit / head race pipeline (tech.)","french":"conduite d’eau motrice [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107891"},{"id":107892,"arabic":"استهلاك الطاقة","english":"power consumption / power drawn","french":"consommation d'énergie","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107892"},{"id":107893,"arabic":"محطة توليد الطاقة","english":"power station","french":"centrale electrique [f.]","description":"جزء من محطة توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية،  يحتوي على التجهيزات الميكانيكية والكهربائية، وكذلك غرف التشغيل. وقد يكون مبنى الآلات بناية مُستقلة أو كهفاً أو بئراً. (DIN 4048-1:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107893"},{"id":107894,"arabic":"رَسَّب","english":"precipitation","french":"précipitation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107894"},{"id":107895,"arabic":"عُلُوّ الضغط الجيوديسيّ","english":"pressure head, geodetic","french":"hauteur de pression d’alimentation géodésique [f.]","description":"الفارق في الضغط بين منسوب المياه السُفلية وبين كل من: أ) الحافة السفلية للدفّاعة المروحية عند استخدام مضخات مُزوّدة بعمود رأسيّ، ب) الحافة العليا للدفّاعة المروحية عند استخدام مضخات ذات عمود أفقيّ. رمز المُعادلات: hDz,geo، وحدة القياس: متر (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107895"},{"id":107896,"arabic":"بوابة ضغط نصف قطرية","english":"pressure segment","french":"segment d’amenée [m.]","description":"بوابة مُزودة بأذرع مُحملة تحت ضغط. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107896"},{"id":107897,"arabic":"بئر ضَغْط","english":"pressure shaft","french":"puits bilndé [m.]","description":"أنبوب ضغط رأسي. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107897"},{"id":107898,"arabic":"نَفَق ضَغْطي","english":"pressure tunnel","french":"galerie en charge; galerie sous pression","description":"وصلة ضغط مُصممة على هيئة نفق، ومُزودة بزاوية ميل أفقية تصل إلى نحو 30°. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107898"},{"id":107899,"arabic":"صِهريج تَموُّر","english":"pressure vessel","french":"réservoir sous pression[f.]","description":"صهريج ضغط ينشأ بجوار خط الأنابيب الرئيسي، ويتصل بهذا الخط قريباً من الموقع الذي يحتمل فيه حصول انفصال لعمود الماء الابتدائي. وهذا الصهريج يهيئ تحكماً كافياً مأموناً للتقلبات الناشئة عن تموجات التدفق. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107899"},{"id":107900,"arabic":"ضَغْط هيدروستاتيّ","english":"pressure, hydrostatic","french":"pression hydrostatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107900"},{"id":107901,"arabic":"سَدٌّ من الخرسانة المسلحة سابِقة الإجهاد","english":"prestressed dam","french":"mur de barrage précontraint [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107901"},{"id":107902,"arabic":"ريّ بتدفق ثابت","english":"primary flow irrigation","french":"arrosage à débit constant [m.]","description":"نظام ريّ تُنَسَّق فيه شرائح طويلة أو خطوط أخدودية، ويُستعمل فيه تدفق ثابت. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107902"},{"id":107903,"arabic":"مَصْرِف مُجمِّع","english":"principal ditch","french":"fossé principal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107903"},{"id":107904,"arabic":"هَدّار تَناسُبيّ","english":"proportional weir / weir with linear flow characteristics","french":"barrage proportionnel [m.]","description":"هدَّار ذو خاصية تدفق خطيّة، أي أن مُعدل التدفق فوقه يتناسب خطياً مع علو السقوط (الفارق بين منسوبيّ المياه أمام الهدّار وخلفه).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107904"},{"id":107905,"arabic":"هَدّار ذو خاصية تدفق خطية","english":"proportional weir; weir with linear flow characteristics","french":"déversoir dit proportionnel","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107905"},{"id":107906,"arabic":"حِماية","english":"protection","french":"protection [f.]","description":"في علم الهندسة الهيدرولية، إجراء لحماية المجاري المائية والضفاف والمُنحدرات من التآكل مثلاً. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107906"},{"id":107907,"arabic":"مِنطقَة حِماية","english":"protective area; area of protection","french":"zone de protection [f.]","description":"حاجز يكون مصنوعاً بوجه عام من الخشب أو الفولاذ، ويُشَكَّل هيكله بحيث تكون له واجهة مُقابلة للمياه وترتكز على قوائم انضغاط. (انظر: سَدّ هيكليّ) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107907"},{"id":107908,"arabic":"رَشَّ","english":"pulverize","french":"pulvériser","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107908"},{"id":107909,"arabic":"تشغيل المِضخّة","english":"pump drive","french":"entraînement pour pompes [m.]","description":"محطة لتخزين وتوليد الطاقة، يتم فيها ملء الحوض العلويّ جزئيًّا أو كليًّا عن طريق الضخ، بينما تتم عملية التفريغ بواسطة توربينات. (انظر: [محطة تغذية بالمضخات](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102250)) (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107909"},{"id":107910,"arabic":"خَرْج المِضخّة","english":"pump output","french":"débit de pompe [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة طَاقة التَدْوِير وطاقة الضخ. رمز المُعادلات: PSW\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107910"},{"id":107911,"arabic":"محطة ضخ جاهزة للتركيب","english":"pump station, ready for assembly","french":"station de pompage, prête pour le montage, préfabriquée [f.]","description":"الاستخدام البشري الموجَّه للانتفاع من مجرى مائي، مثلاً للحصول على مياه الشرب أو مياه للأغراض الصناعية، أو لتهيئة مناطق للحياة والسكن ومناطق لصيد الأسماك، ومناطق لقضاء أوقات الفراغ والاستجمام، وخدمة أغراض الري، ومناطق للرحلات البحرية، وتوليد الطاقة، وتصريف مياه الصرف الصحي، وكذلك تطوير كل من هذه المناطق. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107911"},{"id":107912,"arabic":"مضخة أعماق خلفية","english":"pump, submersible; deep-well turbine pump; bore-hole pump","french":"pompe centrifuge avec diffuseur à ailettes pour puits profonds [f.] / turbo-pompe à récupération (pour puits profond) [f.] / pompe submersible [f.]","description":"(انظر: مضخة أعماق عنفية) (انظر: مِضخّة مغمورة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107912"},{"id":107913,"arabic":"تخزين ضخّي","english":"pumped storage","french":"accumulation par pompage","description":"1- نظام لتوليد الكهرباء بالطاقة المائية خلال ساعات الذروة باستخدام المياه المخزنة بالضخ في خزان خلال ساعات الاستهلاك الأدنى للكهرباء.\n2- إمداد خزان موجود خارج مجرى مائي عن طريق الضخ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107913"},{"id":107914,"arabic":"نِظام الضّخ","english":"pumped system","french":"réseau de refoulement [m.]","description":"العلم الذي يعني بالأعمال التي تُجرى على المسطحات المائية فوق سطح الأرض. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107914"},{"id":107915,"arabic":"تجهيزة ضخ لمحطة رفع الغائط (البراز)","english":"pumping device for faecal lifting plant","french":"dispositif de pompage pour station de relevage pour effluents contenant des matières fécales [m.]","description":"أيٌّ من المناطق، التي يكون فيها الصرف مُمكناً من الناحية الفعلية. (انظر: مِنطقة قابلة لإنشاء شبكة صرف بها) (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107915"},{"id":107916,"arabic":"طاقة الضخ","english":"pumping energy","french":"travail de pompage [m.]","description":"مُنشأة يجري إمدادها كلياً أو جزئياً بالمياه بواسطة المضخات. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107916"},{"id":107917,"arabic":"تجربة ضخ","english":"pumping test","french":"pompage d’essai","description":"ضخ المياه من بئر بمعدل تدفق معيّن، وقياس المنسوب البيزومتري في بئر الضخ وفي آبار الرصد المجاورة بانتظام. وتستخدم البيانات التي يتم الحصول عليها لتحديد العناصر والمتغيرات في خزان المياه الجوفية المجاور لبئر الضخ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107917"},{"id":107918,"arabic":"بئْر تصريف","english":"purge well","french":"puits de drainage [m.]","description":"بئر توجد في نظام الصرف بالأنابيب، يوجد عند نقاط الفصل بين أنابيب الصرف، ونقاط تحويل اتجاه الدفق الكبيرة للمُجمعات الكبيرة، وكذلك في المصارف التجميعية الطويلة. وتُستخدم هذه البئر في أغراض المُراقبة وغسل المصرف ولتجميع الحمأة والرمل. وبشكل عام يكون أسفل سطح الأرض. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107918"},{"id":107919,"arabic":"قناة","english":"qanat (or foggara)","french":"qanât; foggara","description":"نفق تحت الأرض للإمداد بالمياه، يبدأ من نقطة تحت منسوب المياه الجوفية ويتجه نحو سطح الأرض بميل أقل من ميل سطح المياه الجوفية وسطح الأرض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107919"},{"id":107920,"arabic":"مؤهل","english":"qualification","french":"qualification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107920"},{"id":107921,"arabic":"جَوْدة","english":"quality","french":"qualité [f.]","description":"توسيع مجرى مائي يهدف بشكل أساسي إلى تحسين خواص منسوب المياه والفيضان. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107921"},{"id":107922,"arabic":"جودة (ال...) البيئية","english":"quality, ecological","french":"qualité écologique [f.]","description":"مُراقبة المسطحات المائية بغرض مُتابعة تنفيذ أعمال الصيانة طبقاً للقواعد، والتأكد من الالتزام بتنفيذ المهام وأعمال الصيانة الضرورية. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107922"},{"id":107923,"arabic":"هَدّار ببوابة شدفية (قطعة دائرية)","english":"radial gate; Trainter gate; segment gate weir","french":"barrage avec vannes à segment","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107923"},{"id":107924,"arabic":"بئر ذو صرف قطري","english":"radial well","french":"puits à drains rayonnants","description":"بئر مزود بمصارف أنبوبية أفقية موضوعة على عدة اتجاهات قطرية وتزيد من نصف القطر الفعال.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107924"},{"id":107925,"arabic":"مدفع المطر","english":"rain gun","french":"canon d'arrosage [m.]","description":"رشاش ري، له فوهة واحدة على الأقل، قطرها يزيد على 12.5 مليمتر. ويُزوّد أحياناً بنبيطة لرش قطاع مُعين. (انظر: [مُمطر عِملاق](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107411)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107925"},{"id":107926,"arabic":"مُمطر","english":"rainer","french":"buse de grand diamètre [f.]","description":"1. فوهة رش يزيد قطرها على 12.5 ملِّيمتر. (مُعجم الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK)) 2. الجهاز الذي يوزِّع المياه فوق الحقل. (مُعجم الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107926"},{"id":107927,"arabic":"بواقي المطر","english":"rainfall, residual","french":"pluie résiduelle [f.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، حجب المياه الراشحة الداخلة والتيار المائي الطبيعي في خنادق بواسطة تجهيزات حجز.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107927"},{"id":107928,"arabic":"رَدَمَ (سداً)","english":"raise (to) (an embankment)","french":"élever (une digue)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107928"},{"id":107929,"arabic":"زيادة تصريف المياه المنخفضة","english":"raising of low-water discharge","french":"élévation du niveau d’étiage [f.]","description":"زيادة تصريف المياه المُنخفضة من خلال الإخراج المُنظم للمياه المُخزنة أو التحويل من مُستجمعات أخرى. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107929"},{"id":107930,"arabic":"زيادة منسوب الماء المُخزّن","english":"raising the level of impoundage","french":"exhaussement de la retenue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107930"},{"id":107931,"arabic":"رفع منسوب حجز الماء","english":"raising the level of impoundage","french":"exhaussement de la retenue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107931"},{"id":107932,"arabic":"نَافورة بَعيدة المدى","english":"range nozzle","french":"buse à grande portée [f.]","description":"إحدى نافورتيّ رأس رشاش قذف المياه، وهي تقذف المياه إلى المدى الخارجيّ من دائرة خدمة الرشاش. أمّا النافورة الأخرى المُسماة 'نافورة المدى القريب' فهي أصغر، وتوزّع المياه على المنطقة القريبة من رأس الرشاش. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107932"},{"id":107933,"arabic":"ضاغط مقنن","english":"rated head","french":"hauteur de chute aménagée [f.]","description":"انخفاض مُعدل محطة الطاقة نتيجة تساوي التصريف الكلي مع مُعدَّل الدفق المقدَّر. رمز المُعادلات: hKa. وحدة القياس: متر . (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107933"},{"id":107934,"arabic":"طَاقة إعادة التَدْوِير","english":"recirculation energy","french":"effort de laminage [m.]","description":"الطاقة الكهربية القابلة لإعادة التدوير بواسطة المياه التي يتم إمدادها من محطة ضخ وتخزين. رمز المُعادلات: W\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107934"},{"id":107935,"arabic":"نِسبة الحمأة الراجعة","english":"recirculation ratio / return sludge ratio","french":"taux de recirculation [m.]","description":"نوع من الهدارات الدوّارة في مُنشآت تخزين المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107935"},{"id":107936,"arabic":"نَمَطُ صرْف مستطيل","english":"rectangular drainage pattern","french":"drainage en forme de grille [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107936"},{"id":107937,"arabic":"نطاق (زراعة) عيدان القصب","english":"reed zone","french":"zone de roselière [f.]","description":"قطاع دائم الرطوبة أو قطاع تغمره المياه، ويقع في نطاق تغيُّر منسوب المياه، ويكون مناسباً لنمو الأنواع المُختلفة من عيدان القصب. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107937"},{"id":107938,"arabic":"رقْم مَرجِعيّ","english":"reference number","french":"numéro de référence [m.]","description":"طراز من السدود المثبتة بدعامات تحل فيه جمالونات الخرسانة المُسلحة محل الدعامات العملاقة التي تدعم حائط السد. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107938"},{"id":107939,"arabic":"جريان منظم","english":"regulated flow","french":"débit régularisé","description":"جريان المياه الطبيعي الذي يخضع لتنظيم عن طريق منشآت تخزين المياه وتحويلها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107939"},{"id":107940,"arabic":"خزان تنظيم الجريان","english":"regulating reservoir","french":"réservoir de régularisation","description":"خزان يستخدم لطرح كميات من المياه المخزنة إلى نهر من أجل سحبها في مواقع في أسفل النهر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107940"},{"id":107941,"arabic":"قنطرة تصريف علويّ","english":"regulator, overshot type / regulator, overpour type / regulator, skimming type","french":"ouvrage de régulation, submergé ou en amont [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107941"},{"id":107942,"arabic":"قنطرة تصريف سُفليّ","english":"regulator, undershot type","french":"ouvrage de régulation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107942"},{"id":107943,"arabic":"عَتَبة (ال...) المُسننة نظام 'ريبوك'","english":"Rehbock dentated end sill","french":"seuil denté de Rehbock [m.]","description":"1 - تصميم للحد من فعل التحات في السدود والشلالات، ويمكن أن يكون على هيئة العتبة النهائية لحوض تسكين ذي كتل مُصمتة تشبه الأسنان (عتبة الإمداد بالطاقة، ولقد سُميت على اسم العالم ريبوك (1864-1950). 2 - عتبة مُسننة (دون ذكر اسم 'ريبوك') موجودة على حافة حوض وتعبرها مياه الصرف الصحي المُعالجة إلى المسيل .","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107943"},{"id":107944,"arabic":"إعادة تأمين","english":"reinsurance","french":"réassurance [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107944"},{"id":107945,"arabic":"رُطوبة نِسبية","english":"relative humidity","french":"humidité relative [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107945"},{"id":107946,"arabic":"فَيَضان تصميميّ للمخلص","english":"relevant flood volume","french":"quantité de crue, prédominante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107946"},{"id":107947,"arabic":"قناة تصريف جانبي","english":"relief channel","french":"canal de déviation / canal de décharge","description":"قناة تُبنى لتحويل التصريف الفائض من مياه الفيضانات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107947"},{"id":107948,"arabic":"مَصْرِف تخفيف","english":"relief drain","french":"drain de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107948"},{"id":107949,"arabic":"مَصْرِف تخفيف","english":"relief drain","french":"fossé de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107949"},{"id":107950,"arabic":"مخلص","english":"relief sewer; discharge channel","french":"canal de décharge [m.]; conduite d'évacuation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107950"},{"id":107951,"arabic":"خزان سوائل","english":"reservoir","french":"espace de bassin [m.]","description":"الحيز الواقع بين وادٍ مُسطح ومُستوى تصوّري على ارتفاع قمة هيكل السد. رمز المُعادلات: B\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107951"},{"id":107952,"arabic":"خَزّان","english":"reservoir","french":"réservoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107952"},{"id":107953,"arabic":"سطح الخزّان","english":"reservoir surface","french":"surface de retenue [f.]","description":"كل سطح من أسطح المياه في الخزان أو في أحواض التخزين. رمز المُعادلات: A، وحدة القياس: م2 (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107953"},{"id":107954,"arabic":"خَزّان إعاقة","english":"reservoir, detention / reservoir, retarding","french":"bassin de retenue de crue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107954"},{"id":107955,"arabic":"خَزّان للتحكم في الفيضان","english":"reservoir, flood control / reservoir, single-purpose flood control","french":"bassin de protection contre les crues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107955"},{"id":107956,"arabic":"توزيع الموارد","english":"resource distribution","french":"distribution des ressources [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107956"},{"id":107957,"arabic":"إدارة (ال...) المستدامة للموارد","english":"resource management, sustained","french":"gestion des ressources durable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107957"},{"id":107958,"arabic":"تَنُّفس","english":"respiration","french":"respiration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107958"},{"id":107959,"arabic":"حوض الحد من التدفق","english":"retarding basin","french":"réservoir d'écrêtement des crues / réservoir de contrôle des crues","description":"خزان يهدف إلى تخفيض حركة المياه أثناء الفيضانات بالتخزين المؤقت.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107959"},{"id":107960,"arabic":"كِفاية تخزين المياه","english":"retention / water-retaining capacity / water storage efficiency","french":"capacité de rétention d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107960"},{"id":107961,"arabic":"سِدٌّ تُرابيّ احتياطيّ","english":"retired embankment","french":"digue arrière [f.]","description":"سد ترابي مُقام على مسافة من ضفة النهر خلف سد تُرابي موجود كوسيلة تأمين ثانية. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107961"},{"id":107962,"arabic":"تسرب (ال...) الراجع","english":"return seepage","french":"eau d’infiltration [f.]","description":"'المياه المُتسربة على الجانب الداخليّ للحاجز (في مُنخفض). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات، لائحة رقم 507-1:2011 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107962"},{"id":107963,"arabic":"حاجز التسرب الراجع","english":"return seepage dike","french":"digue contre les eaux d’infiltration [f.]","description":"حاجز صغير عادةً، يوجد ناحية اليابسة، ويُحيط بمناطق يُراد تسريب المياه منها بواسطة فتحات مُخصصة لذلك. (انظر: [سد التسرب الراجع](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107964)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات، لائحة رقم 507-1:2011 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107963"},{"id":107964,"arabic":"سد التسرب الراجع","english":"return seepage dike","french":"digue contre les eaux d’infiltration [f.]","description":"(انظر: [حاجز التسرب الراجع](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107963)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107964"},{"id":107965,"arabic":"منخفض (بولدر) التسرب الراجع","english":"return seepage polder","french":"polder contre les eaux d’infiltration [m.]","description":"الأراضي المُحاطة بحاجز تجميع المياه المُتسرّبة عبر قاعدة الحاجز. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات، لائحة رقم 507-1:2011 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107965"},{"id":107966,"arabic":"حاجز ترابي حلقي","english":"ring dike","french":"digue circulaire [f.]","description":"حاجز ترابي يُحيط بالمنطقة المُراد حمايتها من جميع جوانبها. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107966"},{"id":107967,"arabic":"سدّ حلقيّ (مؤقت)","english":"ring dike, temporary","french":"renforcement de pied de digue contre l’infiltration [m.]","description":"حاجز حلقيّ مؤقت (من أكياس الرمل، مثلاً) لموضع تسرّب المياه، ويعمل على تقليل مُعدّلات الانحدار الهيدروليّ. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة، لائحة رقم 507-1:2011 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107967"},{"id":107968,"arabic":"بوابة حلقية","english":"ring gate","french":"vanne cylindrique de surface","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107968"},{"id":107969,"arabic":"تدبيش","english":"riprap","french":"perré de protection [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107969"},{"id":107970,"arabic":"تكسية وقائية","english":"riprap","french":"enrochement [m.]","description":"مجموعة من الأحجار المرصوصة على هيئة كسوة غير مُمهدة، وتغطي عادةً قاع مجرى مائيّ. (DIN 4045-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107970"},{"id":107971,"arabic":"دَكَّة حجرية","english":"riprap","french":"enrochement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107971"},{"id":107972,"arabic":"عشب حصوي","english":"rip-rap (rockfill) covered with grass / gravel lawn","french":"gazon de ballast [m.]","description":"طبقة واقية من التآكل تتكون من حصى تثبيت ونجيلة صناعية. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107972"},{"id":107973,"arabic":"أنبوب طرد","english":"rising main","french":"conduite de relèvement [f.]","description":"(انظر: محطة ضخ وتخزين)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107973"},{"id":107974,"arabic":"إدارة حَوْض النهر","english":"river basin management","french":"gestion de bassin fluvial [f.]","description":"(انظر: [إدارة مُستجمع النهر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109013))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107974"},{"id":107975,"arabic":"التواء النهر","english":"river bend","french":"coude de rivière [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107975"},{"id":107976,"arabic":"مُنحدَر القاع","english":"river bottom ramp","french":"rampe de radier [f.]","description":"درجة في القاع ذات سطح خشن، وتتراوح نسبة انحدارها بين 1:3 و 1:10. (DIN 4047-4:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107976"},{"id":107977,"arabic":"عتبة القاع","english":"river bottom sill","french":"seuil enterré","description":"عتبة مُتحدة مع القاع. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107977"},{"id":107978,"arabic":"مُنحدَر القاع","english":"river bottom slide","french":"goulotte de radier [f.]","description":"درجة في القاع ذات سطح خشن، تتراوح نسبة انحدارها بين 1:20 و 1:30. (DIN 4047-4:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107978"},{"id":107979,"arabic":"عتبة القاع","english":"river bottom step","french":"étage de radier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107979"},{"id":107980,"arabic":"أسر نهري","english":"river capture; river piracy","french":"interception de fleuve [f.]","description":"عملية تكون فيها قوة التحات لنهر ما أكبر منها لنهر آخر، حيث يقتحم النهر ذو قوة التحات الأكبر مجرى النهر الآخر، ويستولى على بعض من روافده.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107980"},{"id":107981,"arabic":"تطوير المُسطحات المائية","english":"river development","french":"recalibrage d'un cours d'eau","description":"الإجراءات المُترتبة على المُناقشات الخاصة ببناء أو إزالة أو إعادة هيكلة مجرى مائي بشكل أساسي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107981"},{"id":107982,"arabic":"مَصَبّ النهر","english":"river mouth","french":"emboucher de rivière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107982"},{"id":107983,"arabic":"تصحيح مجرى نهر","english":"river training","french":"régularisation des cours d'eau","description":"أعمال هندسية تُنفّذ في أو على طول المجرى المائي من أجل تعديل اتجاه الجريان، أو تحويله إلى مجرى معين أو زيادة عمق المياه لأغراض الملاحة،… الخ","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107983"},{"id":107984,"arabic":"وادي النهر","english":"river valley","french":"vallée fluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107984"},{"id":107985,"arabic":"قدمة صخرية","english":"rock toe","french":"pied aval en enrochement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107985"},{"id":107986,"arabic":"سَدٌّ ركاميّ","english":"rockfill dam","french":"barrage en enrochements [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107986"},{"id":107987,"arabic":"سَدٌّ ركاميّ","english":"rockfill dam / concrete faced rockfill dam (CFRD)","french":"digue en enrochement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107987"},{"id":107988,"arabic":"هَدّار بِحَشْوة صخرية","english":"rockfill weir","french":"barrage en enrochement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107988"},{"id":107989,"arabic":"سَدٌّ تُرابيّ مَدْموك","english":"rolled-fill dam / rolled-earthfill dam","french":"digue en terre compactée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107989"},{"id":107990,"arabic":"بوابة أُسطوانية دُحْرُوجِية","english":"roller","french":"rouleau [m.]","description":"بوابة الهدّار أسطوانية الشكل المُركبة على أعمدة الهدّار. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107990"},{"id":107991,"arabic":"بوابة متدحرجة قابلة للغمر","english":"roller gate, submergible","french":"vanne à rouleau submersible","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107991"},{"id":107992,"arabic":"حَوْض تهدئة ذو دَوَّارات مائية","english":"roller type stilling basin","french":"bassin d’amortissement avec formation de rouleaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107992"},{"id":107993,"arabic":"بوابة مُتدحرِجة","english":"rolling gate / rolling weir","french":"vanne à rouleau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107993"},{"id":107994,"arabic":"طريق مُتدحرِج","english":"rollway; overflow section","french":"partie déversante d'un barrage","description":"جزء من السد أو الحاجز ذو قمة مُنخفضة، مُصمم بحيث يُمكن أن تغمره المياه دون حدوث أضرار مُستدامة. ويقوم أيضاً بتثبيت المُنحدر البري ومنطقة القفزة الهيدرولية. (سَدّ الفيضان) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107994"},{"id":107995,"arabic":"رشاش دَوّار","english":"rotating sprinkler","french":"asperseur rotatif [m.]","description":"رشاش تتدفق منه المياه من فتحة واحدة أو من عدة فتحات دوّارة توجد حول محور الرشاش.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107995"},{"id":107996,"arabic":"رأس الرشاش الدَوّار","english":"rotating sprinkler head; revolving sprinkler head","french":"tête d’arroseur rotatives [f.]","description":"فتحة الرشاش التي تدور دورة كاملة أو جزئية (قطاعية).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107996"},{"id":107997,"arabic":"شبكة رشاشات دوارة","english":"rotating sprinkler system","french":"système à arroseurs rotatifs [m.]","description":"شبكة للرش تتدفق منها المياه من خلال رشاشات دوّارة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107997"},{"id":107998,"arabic":"خُشونة (ال...)","english":"roughness","french":"rugosité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107998"},{"id":107999,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مثَبت بدعائم مستديرة الرأس","english":"round head buttress dam; mushroom head buttress dam","french":"mur de barrage à tête ronde ou champignon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107999"},{"id":108000,"arabic":"تشغيل بالمياه الجارية","english":"run-of operation","french":"exploitation au fil de l’eau [f.]","description":"طريقة لتشغيل محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، حيث تتم الاستفادة من الدفق الداخل بدون حدوث تأثير من خزان مثلاً. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108000"},{"id":108001,"arabic":"محطة كهرمائية","english":"run-of-power plant","french":"usine hydro-électrique au fil de l’eau [f.]","description":"محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، يُستفاد فيها من نسبة الدفق الداخل التي يمكن استغلالها لتوليد الطاقة. (انظر: [محطة توليد طاقة من مياه جارية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108002)) (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108001"},{"id":108002,"arabic":"محطة توليد طاقة من مياه جارية","english":"run-of-river power station","french":"usine hydro-électrique au fil de l’eau [f.]","description":"[محطة توليد طاقة من مياه جارية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108002"},{"id":108003,"arabic":"سَدُّ الكفارة","english":"Sadd-el-Kafara","french":"Sadd-el-Kafara","description":"أقدم حاجز مياه في وادي على المُستوى العالميّ، ويقع على بُعد 30 كم جنوب مدينة القاهرة. وقد أنشيء هذا الحاجز ليكون بمثابة سدّ له قمّة عريضة للغاية. ويتألف الجسم الأساسيّ للسدّ سواء الواقع منه فوق سطح الماء أو تحته من ردميات رُكامية، كما تتألف نواة السد من الجلمود ورُكام الحجارة ومواد متجوِّية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108003"},{"id":108004,"arabic":"حَوْض 'ساف'","english":"SAF basin","french":"bassin S.A.F. [m.]","description":"حوض تهدئة ابتكره المعمل الهيدروليّ لشلالات سانت انطونيو (SAF) بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، لمُنشآت الصرف. وتوجد في نهايته عتبة وصف من صفوف بلوكات المُنحدر وبلوكات الفرش. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108004"},{"id":108005,"arabic":"ارتِفاعْ إحتياطي في حالِة التَشْغيلْ العادي","english":"safety freeboard, normal / standard freeboard","french":"franc-bord de sécurité normal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108005"},{"id":108006,"arabic":"أخذ عينات مُتفرقة","english":"sampling, discrete","french":"prélèvement individuel","description":"في المَحطَّات الكَهْرومائية، كل مُنشآت الإمداد بالمياه أو تصريفها، وكذلك مَبْنى الطاقة، شاملاً مُنشآت التشغيل. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108006"},{"id":108007,"arabic":"نَواة رَمْلِية","english":"sand core","french":"noyau de sable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108007"},{"id":108008,"arabic":"سَعَة التشبُّع","english":"saturation capacity","french":"capacité de saturation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108008"},{"id":108009,"arabic":"نقص الموارد المائية","english":"scarcity of water resources","french":"ressources en eau, pénurie des [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108009"},{"id":108010,"arabic":"نَظَّفَ","english":"scour (to)","french":"déblayer","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108010"},{"id":108011,"arabic":"حماية من التحات","english":"scour protection","french":"protection contre l'affouillement","description":"إجراءات إنشائية للحد من النحت الحادث في قاع مجرى مائي بفعل العمليات الهيدرودينامية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108011"},{"id":108012,"arabic":"تَعْرِية","english":"scouring / undercutting","french":"affouillement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108012"},{"id":108013,"arabic":"قناة ممرات الحتّ","english":"scouring sluice channel (waterwheel) / undersluice channel (waterwheel)","french":"chenal des passes de chasse","description":"قناة يتم عن طريقها تصريف المياه التي لا توجد حاجة لها، ثم توجيهها لتمر على محطة توليد طاقة كهرومائية مثلاً، ثم إعادتها إلى مجرى النهر مرة أخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108013"},{"id":108014,"arabic":"تَنقية (الغاز)","english":"scrubbing (gas)","french":"épuration [f.] / lavage (gaz) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108014"},{"id":108015,"arabic":"إحكام السد","english":"sealing","french":"étanchéification","description":"1. عملية التحديد المُتتابع لتوقيت وصول موجة فيضان وشكلها عند نقط مُتتالية على امتداد المجرى. 2. الإجراء الذي يمكن بواسطته تحديد شكل الهيدروجراف عند أية نقطة على المجرى من واقع رسم مياهيّ أو هيدروجراف معروف لنقطة واقعة أمامها. الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108015"},{"id":108016,"arabic":"أرض محصول ثانٍ","english":"second crop land","french":"pays à deuxième récolte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108016"},{"id":108017,"arabic":"رّي بتدفق متغير","english":"secondary flow irrigation","french":"arrosage à débit variable [m.]","description":"نظام ريّ تُنَسَّق فيه شرائح طويلة أو خطوط أخدودية وعند وصول المياه إلى نهاية مسار الري يطلق التدفق بمعدل مُخَفَّض لتجنب الإمداد الفائض بقدر الإمكان مع الاحتفاظ بامتصاص الأرض للمياه على امتداد طول مسار الريّ. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108017"},{"id":108018,"arabic":"بوابة قِطاعية","english":"sector gate","french":"vanne-secteur","description":"(انظر: قِطاع)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108018"},{"id":108019,"arabic":"قِطاع","english":"sector; sector gate","french":"secteur [m.]","description":"1- بمعنى 'مجال': أحد القطاعات الناجمة عن تقسيم منطقة ما. 2- رياضياً بمعنى مقطع من دائرة. 3- في مُنشآت الري: بوابة هدار تقع تحت سطح المياه، وتكون قابلة للدوران، ويتم التحكم فيها هيدرولياً. وهي تعمل على تخزين المياه، وتحتوي على جدار أسطواني، وأخدور مسقط يصل إلى المفصل، مع جمالون سُفلي مفتوح. (انظر: [بوابة قِطاعية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108018)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108019"},{"id":108020,"arabic":"قُوة التسرُّب","english":"seepage force","french":"force due à l'écoulement en milieu poreux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108020"},{"id":108021,"arabic":"مياه مترسبة","english":"seepage water","french":"eau de drainage [f.]","description":"المياه التي تسري تحت خط التسرّب عبر السد والتربة أسفله تحت ضغط، (انظر ماء الرشح، ماء مغلف، ماء مُتسرب).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108021"},{"id":108022,"arabic":"مياه مُتسرّبة","english":"seepage water","french":"eau d’infiltration [f.]","description":"(انظر: مياه متسربة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108022"},{"id":108023,"arabic":"حاجز المياه المُتسرّبة","english":"seepage water dike","french":"digue contre les eaux souterraines [f.]","description":"ضفة أو حاجز يعمل على حجز المياه المُتسرّبة بشكل مُحدد في مكانٍ ما. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات – لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108023"},{"id":108024,"arabic":"مِنقار دِعامة أماميّ قطعيّ","english":"segmental cut-water","french":"avant-bec ogival","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108024"},{"id":108025,"arabic":"مصراع ساقط أوتوماتي","english":"self-releasing shutter","french":"hausse à déclenchement automatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108025"},{"id":108026,"arabic":"ألواح موازنة دائمة","english":"semi-automatic shutter / self-tipping shutter / falling shutter","french":"barrage en palplanches permanent [m.]","description":"بوابة مكوّنة من لوحة أو ضلفة تدور حول محور أفقي، وتُستعمل للتحكم في مرور المياه فوق الأعتاب. ويكون حجم المصراع مُحدداً بما يُمكن رفعه يدوياً مُقابل ضاغط مائي مُعتدل. يُستخدم هذا المُصطلح عادةً للمصاريع الساقطة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108026"},{"id":108027,"arabic":"مِصراع نِصْف أوتوماتي","english":"semi-automatic shutter / self-tipping shutter / permanent flashboard","french":"hausse semi-automatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108027"},{"id":108028,"arabic":"سَدُّ رَدْم شِبْه هيدروليّ","english":"semi-hydraulic fill dam","french":"digue partiellement balayée [f.]","description":"سد ترابي يتم أثناء إنشائه نقل مواد بنائه بطرق أخرى لا تستخدم فيها المياه، وتثبيتها في أمكانها بالمقطع العرضي للسد. إلا أنه يتم تحريك جزء من المواد إلى مكانها النهائي في السد بواسطة الماء. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108028"},{"id":108029,"arabic":"جِهاز فصْل","english":"separation plant","french":"installation de séparation [f.]","description":"الري برش الماء بكثافة أقل من 7 مليمتر في الثانية. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108029"},{"id":108030,"arabic":"بئر التعفّن","english":"septic tank","french":"fosse septique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108030"},{"id":108031,"arabic":"بوابة خدمة","english":"service gate","french":"obturateur de service [m.]","description":"تجهيزة إحكام لازمة لعمل مُنشآت الري الأساسية أو المحطات الكهرومائية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108031"},{"id":108032,"arabic":"منفذ التشغيل","english":"service outlet","french":"canal de décharge de service [m.]","description":"تجهيزة سحب المياه المُخزّنة لاسغلالها في الأغراض التشغيلية الصناعية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108032"},{"id":108033,"arabic":"حجرة التشغيل","english":"service room; mechanical room","french":"local technique","description":"جزء من حيز الاستخدام بين مُستوى الملئ الأقصى وفتحة التصريف التي تخدم الهدف الرئيسي من السد. ويمكن أن يختلف مُحتوى حيز الاستخدام هذا تبعاً لفصول السنة. رمز المُعادلات: IBR. وحدة القياس: متر مُكعب. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108033"},{"id":108034,"arabic":"قناة خدمة","english":"service spillway","french":"vidange de service [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108034"},{"id":108035,"arabic":"مخلص تخفيف","english":"service spillway","french":"déversoir de service [m.]","description":"أي مخلص يمكن تشغيله في أي وقت دون ضرر واضح للمُنشأة أو المجرى الخلفي. و يكون في المُعتاد مجاري تصريف مكساه لمخالص التخفيف ، وعند الضرورة أيضاً أحواض تخميد، وذلك لتقليل سُرعات التدفق الخارج الناجمة عم فعل التحات (التي تُسبب النحر). (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108035"},{"id":108036,"arabic":"نفق خدمات","english":"service tunnel","french":"galeries d’inspection [f.]","description":"نفق إضافي (مُساعد) يُستخدم في أعمال حفر الأنفاق، والمرور، والتهوية، وذلك في أعمال بناء الأنفاق الجبلية. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108036"},{"id":108037,"arabic":"حَوْض ترسيب","english":"settling tank / settling pit","french":"décanteur [m.] / bassin de décantation [m.]","description":"حوض تجميع يستخدم لإزالة المواد العالقة غير المتحللة من مياه الصرف الصحي الجارية ببطء. وهو يشبه حوض الترسيب أو حوض 'دورتموند'، المُناسب بشكل خاص لفصل الجُزيئات القشارية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108037"},{"id":108038,"arabic":"قناة مياه صرف مملوءة جزئياً","english":"sewer, partially filled","french":"collecteur, partiellement remplis [m.]","description":"أحجار أو قطع منها مُكسّرة عشوائياً، توضع مُتلاصقة أو - إذا لزم الأمر - على طبقة ترشيح. وتُستخدم هذه الأحجار على سبيل المثال لتأمين قيعان المُسطحات المائية (في الجداول المائية العنيفة مثلاً)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108038"},{"id":108039,"arabic":"تظليل","english":"shading","french":"assombrissement [m.]","description":"اعتراض ضوء الشمس عن طريق زراعة نباتات خشبية على جانبيّ المجرى المائي للحدّ من نمو الأعشاب وكذلك تدفئة المياه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108039"},{"id":108040,"arabic":"محطة توليد الطاقة الخاصة ببئر","english":"shaft power plant","french":"centrale à puits [f.]","description":"محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، تكون مُجهزة بمولد طاقة يوجد في بئر تفتيش، يقوم بصرف المياه لأيام مُتوالية. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108040"},{"id":108041,"arabic":"شكل تاج معياري","english":"shape of the crown","french":"forme de la couronne standard","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108041"},{"id":108042,"arabic":"هَدّار حاد العتبة","english":"sharp-crested weir / sharp-edged weir / thin-plate weir","french":"barrage à plaques et crête à arêtes vives [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108042"},{"id":108043,"arabic":"مصارف الغنم","english":"sheep drain","french":"saignée de drainage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108043"},{"id":108044,"arabic":"كتف (كتلة داعمة)","english":"shell / shoulder","french":"épaulement (élément d’appui) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108044"},{"id":108045,"arabic":"بئر صرف مائلة","english":"shift, inclined","french":"puits oblique [m.]","description":"أنبوب ضغط مُصمّم كبئر، وله زاوية انحناء عن المُستوى الأفقي تصل إلى حوالي 30°. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108045"},{"id":108046,"arabic":"دائرة قصيرة هيدرولوجية","english":"short circuit, hydraulic","french":"court-circuit hydraulique [m.]","description":"التشغيل المُتزامن للتوربينات والمضخات داخل النظام الهيدروليّ نفسه. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108046"},{"id":108047,"arabic":"صِمام بوّابة","english":"shut-off valve / stop valve","french":"vanne d'arrêt","description":"بوابة مُنزلقة تنظم التدفق المار خلالها. وتمتاز بإمكان فتحها بالكامل. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108047"},{"id":108048,"arabic":"هَدّار بمصراع","english":"shutter weir","french":"barrage à vannes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108048"},{"id":108049,"arabic":"بَوّابة أتوماتيكيّة","english":"shutter, automatic","french":"fermeture automatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108049"},{"id":108050,"arabic":"حوض جانبي","english":"side basin","french":"bassin de distribution [m.]","description":"أحواض صغيرة تقع على امتداد قناة التوزيع في طريقة الري بالأخاديد، حيث تُسحب منها المياه إلى الحقول. والهدف منها السماح بتنظيم عدد من المجاري المائية الصغيرة كوحدة واحدة، وكذلك إمكان تقسيم مجرى الري الرئيسي بين عدة أحواض لتقليل الضرر الذي قد يلحق بالحقل والمحصول في حالة حصول قطع في الضفاف الترابية لحوض التوزيع. (انظر: [حَوْض توزيع](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107311)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108050"},{"id":108051,"arabic":"تلبيس جانبيّ","english":"side dressing","french":"fertilisation latérale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108051"},{"id":108052,"arabic":"مفيض جانبيّ","english":"side spillway","french":"déversoir à flanc de coteau [m.]","description":"في سدود الوديان، هو حوض لاحتجاز مياه الفيضان، أو حوض تخزين يعمل بالضخ، ويوجد على جانب الوادي موازياً للمُنحدر. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108052"},{"id":108053,"arabic":"بوابة سيدني","english":"Sidney gate","french":"vanne de Sydney [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108053"},{"id":108054,"arabic":"سَدٌّ عَتَبيّ","english":"sill dam","french":"seuil de digue [m.]","description":"سد يُبنى ناحية البحر لتجنب تعرض قاع البحر لفعل التحات بواسطة المياه والفيضانات والأضرار الناتجة عنها (على سبيل المثال على المُنشآت). ويتكوّن عادةً من حصيرة شجيرات، تُثبّت بواسطة حجارة ثقيلة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108054"},{"id":108055,"arabic":"إطماء","english":"silting","french":"envasement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108055"},{"id":108056,"arabic":"ترسيب غرينيّ","english":"silting / alluviation","french":"atterrissement [m.] / alluvion [f.]","description":"ترسيب الحصى والرمل والغرين والطين في مواقع بالأنهار أو البحيرات أو المصبات، مما يُسبب إبطاء للتدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108056"},{"id":108057,"arabic":"تصريف جزئيّ","english":"single drainage","french":"drainage individuel [m.]","description":"صرف المياه من مساحات صغيرة عن طريق مصارف مُستقلة مُفردة. (انظر: [صَرْف أحادي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108058)) (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108057"},{"id":108058,"arabic":"صَرْف أحادي","english":"single drainage","french":"drainage individuel [m.]","description":"كمية المياه المطلوب توصيلها إلى نقطة مُحددة في نظام الريّ خلال فترة زمنية محددة، وذلك لتغطية استهلاك النبات الذي لا تمده الطبيعة بالمياه ولتعويض الفقد في نظام الريّ. ويُقدر الاحتياج من مياه الريّ عادةً بالمتر المُكعب لكل سنة، أو المتر المُكعب لكل يوم، أو المتر المُكعب لكل ثانية، أو باللتر لكل ثانية. (DIN 4047-6:2008) رمز المُعادلات: B\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108058"},{"id":108059,"arabic":"صرف ذو بالوعة","english":"sink-hole drainage","french":"drainage d’Elkington [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108059"},{"id":108060,"arabic":"أُنْبوب سيفونيّ","english":"siphon hose","french":"tuyau à siphon [m.]","description":"كسوة لحماية ضفاف الأنهار أو الانحدارات الجانبية ضد التآكل الناجم عن التدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108060"},{"id":108061,"arabic":"شبكة صرف مياه المطر، وهي ممتلئة تماماً وفقاً للتصميم","english":"siphonic drainage system","french":"système à tuyau plein [m.]","description":"سد عقديّ يكون لكل مقاطعه الأفقية المُقابلة للمياه نفس قطر الانحناء. (انظر: [سَدّ تثاقليّ أُسطوانيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106975)) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108061"},{"id":108062,"arabic":"عامِل انزلاق","english":"sliding factor","french":"coefficient de glissement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108062"},{"id":108063,"arabic":"مقاييس الميل","english":"slope gauges","french":"niveau de chute [m.]","description":"هَدَّار يكون إمّا موازياً لاتجاه سريان التيار المائيّ أو عمودياً عليه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108063"},{"id":108064,"arabic":"هدَّار مائل","english":"slope weir","french":"barrage à forte pente [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108064"},{"id":108065,"arabic":"منطقة مُنحدرة","english":"sloping zone","french":"partie en pente d'une planche","description":"يقصد بهذا المصطلح في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، جزء من الشريحة أسفل المنطقة المُستوية. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108065"},{"id":108066,"arabic":"ترشيح بواسطة طبقة من الندفات (الخثرات)","english":"sludge blanket filtration","french":"filtration par le lit de boues [f.]","description":"تسرّب المياه من جانب جسم السد. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108066"},{"id":108067,"arabic":"رَافِع الحمأة","english":"sludge lifter","french":"installation de relevage de boue [f.]","description":"1- (انظر: فتحات سُفلى) 2- وصلات التفريغ المُستخدمة في ِنطاق التربة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108067"},{"id":108068,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُرسَّبة كيميائياً","english":"sludge, chemically precipitated","french":"boue physico-chimique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108068"},{"id":108069,"arabic":"فتحة الضفة","english":"sluice","french":"écluse de décharge","description":"(انظر: [بَوّاَبة الحاجِز](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107289))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108069"},{"id":108070,"arabic":"سَدٌّ ذو فتحات صرف","english":"sluice dam","french":"digue (mur) avec ouvertures d’écoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108070"},{"id":108071,"arabic":"سَدٌّ ذو فتحات","english":"sluice dam","french":"digue percée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108071"},{"id":108072,"arabic":"مخارج ببوّابات","english":"sluicing outlets","french":"canal de décharge au fond [m.]","description":"1- (انظر: فتحات سُفلى) 2- وصلات التفريغ المُستخدمة في نِطاق التربة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108072"},{"id":108073,"arabic":"عَتَبة خفية","english":"snag / stub","french":"souche [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108073"},{"id":108074,"arabic":"نِظام تصريف مائيّ","english":"soakaway","french":"dispositif d'infiltration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108074"},{"id":108075,"arabic":"مُعقَد الصوديوم","english":"sodium complex","french":"complexe de sodium [m.]","description":"مُكوّن من الصُلب أو الخرسانة المُسلحة للإمداد بالمياه في توربينات ''كابلان'' و''فرانسيس''. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108075"},{"id":108076,"arabic":"تحسين التربة","english":"soil amelioration / soil improvement","french":"amélioration des sols [f.]","description":"إجراءات التحسين المستدام والجوهريّ للتربة بهدف تطوير صلاحيتها للزراعة، مع أخذ مُحتوى التربة من الماء في الاعتبار بصفة خاصة. (انظر: استصلاح الأراضي) (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108076"},{"id":108077,"arabic":"استصلاح الأراضي","english":"soil amelioration / soil improvement","french":"amélioration des sols [f.]","description":"إجراءات استصلاح مُستدام يصل إلى أعماق التربة، بهدف جعلها قابلة للزراعة، وعلى الأخص فيما يتعلق بمُحتواها من المياه الجوفية. (انظر: تحسين التربة) (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108077"},{"id":108078,"arabic":"اختبار انضغاط التربة","english":"soil compression test","french":"résistance du sol à la compression [f.]","description":"في السدود، منطقة تعمل على الحدّ من التدفقات في المُقطع المُستعرض للسد، وهي تشبه موانع التسرّب الداخلية من حيث تكوينها. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108078"},{"id":108079,"arabic":"نشوء التربة","english":"soil genesis / pedogenesis","french":"genèse du sol [f.]","description":"حاجز ينشأ بوجه عام من الخشب أو الفولاذ، يُبنى هيكله بحيث تكون له واجهة مُقابلة للمياه وترتكز على سنادات. (انظر: [حاجز ذو جدار من الكتل الخشبية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105074)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108079"},{"id":108080,"arabic":"مُعامِل توزيع العناصر في التربة-الماء","english":"soil-water partition coefficient","french":"coefficient de répartition sol-eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108080"},{"id":108081,"arabic":"هَدَّار مَبانٍ مُصمَتٌ مائل","english":"solid slope masonry weir","french":"barrage à forte pente massif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108081"},{"id":108082,"arabic":"يَنْبُوع","english":"source","french":"source [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108082"},{"id":108083,"arabic":"مَصادِر غير معروفة","english":"sources, non-point (pl.) / sources, diffuse (pl.)","french":"sources diffuses (pl.) [f.] / sources non ponctuelles (pl.) [f.]","description":"مناطق مُتعددة أو متفرقة قد تنفذ منها الملوّثات إلى التربة والهواء والماء. ويُمكن أن يكون لفعلها التراكميّ تأثيرٌ ضارٌ على التربة والماء والهواء، غير أنه لا يُمكن الحصول على تقرير فعليّ بشأن هذه المناطق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108083"},{"id":108084,"arabic":"تباعد أنابيب الصَرْف","english":"spacing of drains; tile-drain spacing","french":"espacement des drains [m.]","description":"المسافة بين مْحوريّ المصرف الجانبي في نظام الصرف. رمز المُعادلات: a. وحدة القياس: متر. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108084"},{"id":108085,"arabic":"ريّ فيضيّ","english":"spate irrigation","french":"irrigation par épandage des eaux de crue d'un cours d'eau intermittent [f.]","description":"النهاية الجانبية لسد ضخم، التي يتصل بها سدّ أو أرض. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108085"},{"id":108086,"arabic":"عتبة داعمة","english":"special weir","french":"ouvrage de soutènement [m.]","description":"مُنشأ يبرز عالياً فوق القاع، بحيث يحدث تغيُّر في سرعة التدفق أعلى قمته. (انظر: هَدَّار داعم) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108086"},{"id":108087,"arabic":"انخفاض نوعي","english":"specific drawdown","french":"rabattement spécifique","description":"انخفاض في بئر مقابل وحدة التصريف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108087"},{"id":108088,"arabic":"حاجِز الفائض","english":"spill board","french":"poutre de retenue [f.]","description":"كتلة حاجزة أفقية، يُمكن أن يتدفق الماء من فوقها أو من أسفلها، وتقع بين وجنات الهَدَّار أو دِعاماته. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108088"},{"id":108089,"arabic":"فائض","english":"spill; spillover","french":"déversement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108089"},{"id":108090,"arabic":"مصرف","english":"spillway","french":"évacuateur","description":"أنظر أيضاً:\nمصرف طوارئ\nمنشأة يجري فوقها فائض المياه في خزان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108090"},{"id":108091,"arabic":"سعة المصرف","english":"spillway capacity","french":"capacité d'un évacuateur","description":"الحد الأعلى للتصريف الذي يجري تصميم المفرغ على أساسه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108091"},{"id":108092,"arabic":"جانب خلفي للسد","english":"spillway face, streamlined","french":"crête de déversement [f.]","description":"بوابة الهدّار أو جانب السدّ غير المواجه (المواجهة) للمياه، إلاَّ أنه تصله نقاط المياه الفيّاضة. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108092"},{"id":108093,"arabic":"غلاف مخروطيّ","english":"spiral casing; scroll casing","french":"corps (d'une turbine à vapeur)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108093"},{"id":108094,"arabic":"تجميع جانبيّ لنواتج حفر القناة","english":"spoil bank","french":"dépôt d'excavation de canal, latéral [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108094"},{"id":108095,"arabic":"نَثَرَ","english":"spray (to) / sprinkle (to)","french":"arroser","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108095"},{"id":108096,"arabic":"رَوَّى","english":"spray (to) / water (to)","french":"arroser","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108096"},{"id":108097,"arabic":"رَشَّ","english":"spray (to); sprinkle (to); water (to)","french":"arroser","description":"منشأة ري رئيسية تكون مخصصةً للنهر فقط، وليس لمنطقة الوادي بأكملها. وتتكوّن من مجموعة سدود (هدار مع سدود حاجزة أو حواجز أو محطة توليد الكهرباء وهويس)، وحاجز. (انظر: قنطرة) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108097"},{"id":108098,"arabic":"تجهيزة الريّ بالرش","english":"spray equipment","french":"dispositif d'arrosage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108098"},{"id":108099,"arabic":"رشاش رذَاذ","english":"spray nozzle","french":"buse de pulvérisation [f.]","description":"رشاش ذو فُتحة ريّ ثابتة أو دوَّارة يخرج منها الماء على هيئة شعاع أو رذاذ. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108099"},{"id":108100,"arabic":"ماء البئر","english":"spring water / well water","french":"eau vive de source [f.] / eau vive de fontaine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108100"},{"id":108101,"arabic":"ينبوع مُتقطِّع التدفُّق","english":"spring, ebbing and flowing","french":"source, périodique [f.]","description":"ينبوع موسميّ يجف ماؤه بانتظام سنوياً (ذوبان الثلج، مثلاً) أو حسب حركة المد والجزر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108101"},{"id":108102,"arabic":"نَبْع هَضبيّ","english":"spring, knoll / spring, mound","french":"source de colline [f.]","description":"نبع يحدث على قمة هضبة صغيرة أو ربوة تتساقط فيها كلياً أو جزئياً مادة معدنية من مياه النبع، وينمو بجواره كساء خضريّ ورواسب تذورها الرياح، وهي طريقة نمو شائعة في المناطق الجافة. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108102"},{"id":108103,"arabic":"رَشَّاش","english":"sprinkler / sprinkler apparatus","french":"arroseur [m.]","description":"جهاز ميكانيكي ذو بنية مُختلفة، ويُستخدم لرش مياه الري على مساحة مُحددة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108103"},{"id":108104,"arabic":"رأس الرشاش","english":"sprinkler head","french":"tête d’arroseur [f.]","description":"الجزء من الرشاش المجهز بنافورة واحدة أو أكثر وتنبثق منها المياه على هيئة رذاذ. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108104"},{"id":108105,"arabic":"ريّ بالرش","english":"sprinkler irrigation / spray irrigation","french":"irrigation par aspersion [f.]","description":"طريقة للري تُرش فيها المياه تحت ضغط كاف على الحقول عبر خطوط أنابيب مُزودة بنوافير أو رشاشات (مرذات) أو أنابيب مثقبة. ويُطلق على هذا النوع أيضاً 'ري بالرذاذ' وأحياناً 'ري علوي'. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108105"},{"id":108106,"arabic":"نظام الري بالرش","english":"sprinkler irrigation method","french":"méthode d'irrigation par aspersion pour une superficie déterminée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108106"},{"id":108107,"arabic":"خط فرعي حامل للرشاشات","english":"sprinkler lateral","french":"canalisation d'arrosage [f.]","description":"(انظر: [خط فرعيّ حامل للرشاشات](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102327))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108107"},{"id":108108,"arabic":"خط فرعي حامل للرشاشات","english":"sprinkler lateral","french":"rangée d’arroseurs [f.]","description":"رشاشات مُرتبة في خط واحد، ويُجرى تشغيلها معاً وفي نفس الوقت. (DIN 4047-6:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108108"},{"id":108109,"arabic":"منظومة ذات خطي رشاشات فرعيين","english":"sprinkler lateral method, two-line / tow-a-line method","french":"système à deux tuyauteries d'arrosage mobile [m.]","description":"نظام لري التربة، حيث يمتد فيها الخط الرئيسي عادةً في مُنتصف رقعة الأرض. وتسحب الخطوط الفرعية الحاملة للرشاشات بالطول عبر الخط الرئيسي، حيث تتداخل الخطوط الفرعية بالتناوب مع جانبي الخط الرئيسي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108109"},{"id":108110,"arabic":"منظومة ري بالفرعيات الدرّاجة (على عجلات)","english":"sprinkler lateral system, roll-move","french":"système à tuyauterie d'arrosage sur roues [m.]","description":"جهاز ري بالرش، يُحمل فيه خط الرشاشات على عجلات توضع على مسافات مُتساوية، ويعمل أنبوب الخط كمحور لها، فيُسهّل بذلك تحريك الخط الفرعي بأكمله من موقع إلى موقع آخر جديد. ويُطلق على هذا النظام أيضاً 'نظام ري بنمط تدحرج جانبيّ'. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108110"},{"id":108111,"arabic":"نظام ري بالفرعيات الدراجة (على عجلات)","english":"sprinkler lateral system, roll-move","french":"canalisation d’arroseur roulante [f.]","description":"خط فرعي حامل للرشاشات، فيه يُثبت أنبوب الرش في محور العجلات. وحينما يتحرّك الجهاز من موضع إلى موضع آخر تُوقف عملية الري. (DIN 4047-6:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108111"},{"id":108112,"arabic":"طَريقة الرَّش فَوْق الأشْجَار","english":"sprinkler method, overtree","french":"système d'arrosage par aspersion sur frondaison [m.]","description":"طريقة رش تُستخدم في البساتين لتوزيع المياه فوق قمم الأشجار. وطريقة الرش التي توزع فيها المياه بالقرب من سطح الأرض بين فروع الشجر المتدلية وتحتها تسمى 'طريقة الرش تحت الأشجار' أو 'طريقة الرش بضاغط منخفض' أو 'طريقة الرش الأرضي'. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108112"},{"id":108113,"arabic":"منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش الثابتة","english":"sprinkler method, permanent","french":"système fixe d'arrosage par aspersion [m.]","description":"يتكوّن هذا الجهاز من نظام أنابيب ثابت، ويكون في المُعتاد تحت سطح الأرض، حيث تعمل هذه الأنابيب على نقل المياه من مصدر التغذية إلى الرشاشات أو المرذات. (انظر: [منظومة الري ذات أنابيب الرش الثابتة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108117)). (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108113"},{"id":108114,"arabic":"منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش المُتنقلة","english":"sprinkler method, portable","french":"système mobile d'arrosage par aspersion [m.]","description":"جهاز تنتقل به المياه من المضخة أو من مصدر ضغط المياه (المُتنقل أو الثابت) حتى الرشاش الأخير من خلال خطوط أنابيب تكون كلها قابلة للنقل. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108114"},{"id":108115,"arabic":"منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش شبه الثابتة","english":"sprinkler method, semi-permanent","french":"système mixed d'arrosage par aspersion [m.]","description":"جهاز يجمع بين خطوط الأنابيب الثابتة وخطوط الأنابيب القابلة للنقل. (انظر: [منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش المُتنقلة جزئياً](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108116)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108115"},{"id":108116,"arabic":"منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش المُتنقلة جزئياً","english":"sprinkler method, semi-portable","french":"système mixed d'arrosage par aspersion [m.]","description":"يتكوّن هذا الجهاز من خطوط أنابيب ثابتة وخطوط أنابيب مُتحركة. (انظر: [منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش شبه الثابتة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108115)) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108116"},{"id":108117,"arabic":"منظومة الري ذات أنابيب الرش الثابتة","english":"sprinkler method, stationary","french":"système fixe d'arrosage par aspersion [m.]","description":"يتكوّن هذا الجهاز من نظام أنابيب ثابت، ويكون في المُعتاد تحت سطح الأرض، حيث تعمل هذه الأنابيب على نقل المياه من مصدر التغذية إلى الرشاشات أو المرذات. (انظر: [منظومة الري بأنابيب الرش الثابتة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108113) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108117"},{"id":108118,"arabic":"ذِراع الرشاش المتأرجح","english":"sprinkler oscillator","french":"balancier d'arroseur [m.]","description":"جهاز لتوليد حركة المياه حول رشاش المياه أو خط النوافير من جانب واحد. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108118"},{"id":108119,"arabic":"تباعد الرشاشات","english":"sprinkler spacing","french":"écart entre arroseurs [m.]","description":"المسافة بين الرشاشات المُتجاورة في منظومة خط الرش. ويتم قياس تباعد الرشاشات بالمتر. رمز المُعادلات: b","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108119"},{"id":108120,"arabic":"نمط ترتيب الرشاشات","english":"sprinkler-pattern","french":"système d’arroseurs [m.]","description":"الشكل الذي تُرتب به الرشاشات بعضها إلى جانب بعضٍ على هيئة مُثلث أو شكل رباعي الزوايا. ويُقاس طول مجموعة الرشاشات بالمتر. (DIN 4047-6:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108120"},{"id":108121,"arabic":"المدى الفعَّال لرشاش المياه","english":"sprinkling range, effective","french":"portée d’un arroseur utilisable [f.]","description":"في مجال التخطيط لأنظمة الريّ بالرشّ، هو المسافة القصيرة نسبياً التي يقذف بها  الرشاش المياه، بهدف الوصول لدرجة توزيع مُنتظمة بقدر الإمكان للمياه. ويُقاس المدى الفعَّال لرشاشٍ المياه بالمتر. وتُستخدم دائماً في عملية حساب هذا المدى الفعّال لرشاش المياه نسبة مضروبة فيه تتراوح من 0.7 إلى 0.8. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108121"},{"id":108122,"arabic":"حاجِز","english":"spur dike","french":"épi [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108122"},{"id":108123,"arabic":"حالة الاتزان","english":"stability","french":"stabilité [f.]","description":"الفرق في الارتفاع بين منسوب المياه في حالة التدفق العادي وفي حالات حجز المياه أو انخفاض منسوبها. رمز المُعادلات: s\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108123"},{"id":108124,"arabic":"استقرار","english":"stability","french":"stabilité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108124"},{"id":108125,"arabic":"عامِل الثبات","english":"stability factor","french":"facteur de stabilité [m.]","description":"تغيّر في منسوب المياه ينتشر في اتجاه التدفق أو في عكس اتجاهه، ويحدث ذلك في المسطحات المائية الداخلية، التي تكون مُرتبطة بالنقل والتوزيع الخاص بالحمولات الكبيرة. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108125"},{"id":108126,"arabic":"نُقطة الركود","english":"stagnation point","french":"point de stagnation [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية، النقطة التي تتفرع عندها خطوط التدفق قبل حاجزٍ ما. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108126"},{"id":108127,"arabic":"بوابة ضغط عالٍ معيارية","english":"standard high pressure gate","french":"vanne à haute pression standard [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108127"},{"id":108128,"arabic":"بوابة دوارة معيارية","english":"standard roller gate","french":"vanne à rouleau standard [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108128"},{"id":108129,"arabic":"مَجْرى مائيّ عاديّ","english":"standard waterway, theoretical waterway / normal waterway","french":"voie navigable normale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108129"},{"id":108130,"arabic":"مواصفة أوروبية","english":"standard, european","french":"norme européene [f.]","description":"1- في إطار الأحواض الأمامية، هو حوض أو بركة تخزين عند رأس بربخ أو خط أنابيب. 2- المياه الموجودة في اتجاه التيار مُباشرةً أمام أي مُنشأ به أثار رمو، وتدل هذه المياه على قيمة ارتفاع السقوط إلى المياه السُفلى (الفارق بين منسوبيّ المياه العُليا والمياه السُفلى).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108130"},{"id":108131,"arabic":"مُواصَفة قياسية مُطابِقة","english":"standard, identical","french":"norme identique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108131"},{"id":108132,"arabic":"مخروط المفيض ذوعتبة عادية","english":"standard-crested morning glory spillway","french":"évacuateur en puits à crête normal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108132"},{"id":108133,"arabic":"مَحطّة ضَخّ","english":"station, pumping","french":"station de pompage [f.]","description":"محطة رفع لتصريف المياه من المُنخفضات، قد تكون ضرورية في حالة تدفق المياه على مثل هذه المنخفضات بشكل مُستمر أو مؤقت (على سبيل المثال في حالة وجود فيضان) مع عدم وجود مصارف كافية. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108133"},{"id":108134,"arabic":"سَدٌّ فُولاذيّ","english":"steel dam","french":"barrage en acier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108134"},{"id":108135,"arabic":"ضِفّة فرعية","english":"stem bank / shank","french":"ouvrage transversal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108135"},{"id":108136,"arabic":"اختبار ضخ بالتدريج","english":"step-drawdown test","french":"pompage d’essai par paliers","description":"عمليات ضخ متتالية بمعدّلات تصريف مختلفة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108136"},{"id":108137,"arabic":"حوض تهدئة، مبدد الطاقة الهيدرولية","english":"stilling basin / tumble way / hydraulic energy dissipater","french":"convertisseur d’énergie hydraulique [f.]; bassin de tranquillisation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108137"},{"id":108138,"arabic":"حائط تهذيب حوض التهدئة","english":"stilling basin training wall","french":"blindage de bassin d’amortissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108138"},{"id":108139,"arabic":"ضفّة مُرتدة لحوض التهدئة","english":"stilling basin training wall","french":"guideau du bassin d'amortissement","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108139"},{"id":108140,"arabic":"غُرفة تَهدئة","english":"stilling chamber","french":"chambre d’amortissement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108140"},{"id":108141,"arabic":"حوض تهدئة","english":"stilling pool; stilling basin; hydraulic energy dissipater","french":"bassin d’amortissement [m.]","description":"مُنشأة، يتم فيها تهدئة طاقة المياه أولياً من خلال قَفْزة هِيدْروُلية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108141"},{"id":108142,"arabic":"شدة حجرية","english":"stone filled gabion","french":"gabion lourd [m.]","description":"جسم اسطواني ممدود ومربوط يتراوح قطره من 0.8 متر إلى 1.2 متر، مُغلّف بأغصان غير مُنبتة للجذور، إضافة إلى الحصى الخشن أو الأحجار المُهشمة. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108142"},{"id":108143,"arabic":"إكساء بالأحجار","english":"stone lining","french":"revêtement en pierre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108143"},{"id":108144,"arabic":"حصيرة حجرية","english":"stone mat / mattress","french":"natte à enrochements [f.]","description":"مجموعة من الأحجار المرصوصة على هيئة حصيرة أو المُترابطة بالخوص، والتي يُمكن استخدامها في تثبيت قاع مجرى مائيّ، مثلاً. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA)، لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108144"},{"id":108145,"arabic":"شَبَكة حجرية","english":"stone mesh","french":"fascine à pierres [f.]","description":"جسم أسطواني الشكل، مصنوع من الحجر أو الحصى الخشن، يصل قطره إلى حوالي 80 سم، وتعمل شبكة سلكية على تثبيته ودعمه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108145"},{"id":108146,"arabic":"بوابة ستونى","english":"Stoney gate / free roller gate","french":"vanne de Stoney [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108146"},{"id":108147,"arabic":"لَوْح حاجِز","english":"stop log / plank / baulk","french":"batardeau [m.]","description":"1- جزء من بوابة الطوارئ يقوم بإغلاق فتحة ما أفقياً. (DIN 4048-1: 1987) 2- حاجز أو لوح للتحكم المُتغير أو الإغلاق الزمني لمنفذ أو مفيض. ويتم تثبيت القضبان أفقياً في موضع ثلم على الجدار عن طريق حامل نهائي أو دعائم أخرى. وتستخدم هذه الألواح عند قمة السد، حيث تقوم بالتحكم في منسوب المياه قي حالة وجود مُنشاة التحكم أو مفيض الفيضان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108147"},{"id":108148,"arabic":"عَوارِض حاجِزة","english":"stop logs (pl.); planks (pl.)","french":"madriers","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108148"},{"id":108149,"arabic":"تخزين","english":"storage","french":"stockage; emmagasinement","description":"أنظر أيضاً:\nتخزين على الضفاف\nتخزين الفائض\nتخزين قناة\nتخزين يومي\nمخزون ميت\nمخزون المنخفضات\nتخزين مؤقت\nمخزون جوفي\nالتخزين المفيد\nمخزون عدة سنوات\nتخزين بالضخ\nتخزين مفيد لخزان\nتخزين وادي\n1- حجز المياه في خزانات سطحية أو جوفية بهدف استخدامها في المستقبل.\n2- كمية المياه المحجوزة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108149"},{"id":108150,"arabic":"سَعَة التخزين","english":"storage capacity","french":"capacité de stockage [f.]","description":"حجم مساحة التخزين وغرفة التجميع. رمز المُعادلات: VI. الوحدة م3. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108150"},{"id":108151,"arabic":"منسوب مسطح الماء المخزون","english":"storage level","french":"niveau de retenue","description":"منسوب المياه الموجود في خزان أو حوض تخزين. رمز المُعادلات: h، وحدة القياس: متر (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108151"},{"id":108152,"arabic":"مُنْخَفَض الفيض","english":"storage polder","french":"polder de décharge [m.]","description":"مُنخفض يُمكن استخدامه كحيز لاحتجاز المياه في حالة الفيضانات العاتية. ولا يتجاوز أقصى منسوب للمياه فيه - على العكس من حوض إعاقة مياه الفيضان – منسوب المياه في مجرى المياه الرئيسيّ إلا بمقدار ضئيل فحسب. وتحدث عملية الملء إمّا بشكل غير محكوم في مقاطع الفيض أو بشكل محكوم عن طريق بوابات السد أو بواسطة الهدارات الجانبية ذات البوابات أو ما شابه ذلك. ويتم التفريغ إمّا بشكل غير محكوم (مُختنق/غير مُختنق)، أو بشكل محكوم بواسطة البوابات (مُنْخَفَض الغمر، ومُنْخَفَض تفريغ، ومُنْخَفَض جيبيّ). (انظر: مُنْخَفَضْ تخزين) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1: 2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108152"},{"id":108153,"arabic":"مُنخفض تخزين","english":"storage polder","french":"polder à accumulateur [m.]","description":"منطقة منخفضة يُمكن استخدامها كحيز لاحتجاز المياه في حالة الفيضانات العاتية. ولا يتجاوز أقصى منسوب للمياه فيها - على العكس من حوض إعاقة مياه الفيضان – المنسوب في مجرى المياه الرئيسيّ إلا بمقدار ضئيل فقط. وتحدث عملية الملء إمّا بشكل غير محكوم في مقاطع الفيض أو بشكل محكوم عن طريق بوابات السد أو بواسطة الهدّارات الجانبية ذات البوابات أو ما شابه ذلك. ويتم التفريغ إمّا بشكل غير محكوم (مُختنق/غير مُختنق)، أو بشكل محكوم بواسطة البوابات (مُنْخَفَض الغمر، ومُنْخَفَض تفريغ، ومُنْخَفَض جيبيّ). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1: 2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108153"},{"id":108154,"arabic":"مَحطّة توليد بتخزين ضخيّ","english":"storage power plant","french":"centrale à accumulateur [f.]","description":"محطة توليد طاقة كهرومائية تستخدم مياه من حوض تخزين، ولا ترتبط بالدفق الداخل. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108154"},{"id":108155,"arabic":"خزان التخزين","english":"storage reservoir","french":"réservoir de stockage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108155"},{"id":108156,"arabic":"تخزين (ال...) الفعّال","english":"storage, active","french":"espace utilisable [m.]","description":"في سدود الوديان، وأحواض احتجاز مياه الفيضان، وأحواض التخزين بالضخ، هو جزء من حيز التخزين العام الذي يقع بين أقل مستوى تخفيض لمنسوب المياه وأعلى منسوب للتخزين. ويُستخدم لغرض واحد أو لعدة أغراض. رمز المُعادلات: IN وحدة القياس: م3","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108156"},{"id":108157,"arabic":"حيّز التخزين الاحتياطي","english":"storage, inactive","french":"espace de réserve [m.]","description":"في القناطر، خزان لحفظ مياه الفيضان، وخزان لحفظ الماء بالضخ، وهو يُعتبر جُزء من المساحة المُستغلة بين منسوب المياه في هذا الحيّز وأعمق منسوب لها فيه، كاحتياطي المياه الذي يُستخدم في ظروف التشغيل الاستثنائية. رمز المُعادلات: IR. وحدة القياس: م3.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108157"},{"id":108158,"arabic":"مَجْرى مَبْتُور","english":"stream, beheaded","french":"rivière endiguée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108158"},{"id":108159,"arabic":"ارتفاع إنشائيّ للسدّ","english":"structural height of dam","french":"hauteur structurelle du barrage [f.]","description":"أعلى ارتفاع للسدّ، مُقاساً من قاعه إلى قمته. وحدة القياس: متر. (انظر: منسوب ذروة السد) (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108159"},{"id":108160,"arabic":"ارتفاع السد الإنشائيّ","english":"structural height of dam / maximum height of dam","french":"hauteur d’un barrage, maximale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108160"},{"id":108161,"arabic":"مُنعطف صغير","english":"submeander","french":"méandre de divagation interne du lit apparent","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108161"},{"id":108162,"arabic":"مأخذ مغمور","english":"submerged intake","french":"prise en eau d’aval [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108162"},{"id":108163,"arabic":"حَوْض تهدئة لإخماد النفث المغمور","english":"submerged jet diffusion stilling basin","french":"bassin d’amortissement avec diffusion de jet en eau d’aval [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108163"},{"id":108164,"arabic":"لُفافة مغمورة","english":"submerged roller","french":"rouleau noyé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108164"},{"id":108165,"arabic":"بوابة غاطسة","english":"submerged-face gate; culvert gate","french":"fermeture en eau d’aval [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108165"},{"id":108166,"arabic":"ريّ بالغمر المحكوم","english":"submersion irrigation","french":"irrigation par submersion artificielle [f.]","description":"ريّ بالغمر المُتحكم فيه، حيث تبقى المياه زمناً كافياً على التُربة، كي ترشح إلى العُمق المطلوب تحت سطح الأرض. ويشمل هذا النوع من الريّ: الريّ الحوضيّ، والريّ بواسطة السدود المُنخفضة. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108166"},{"id":108167,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُساعِد","english":"subsidiary weir","french":"barrage auxiliaire [m.]","description":"حجم الماء - المُرتبط بالمساحة - الناتج من عملية البخرنتح في منطقة زراعية مُحددة. كما يتعين تحديد المُدة الزمنية التي ستتم خلالها عملية المُراقبة، مثال ذلك: 'عُمق البخرنتح اليوميّ ETETETaETp\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108167"},{"id":108168,"arabic":"صَرْف جَوفيّ","english":"subsoil drainage","french":"drainage [m.]","description":"التحكم في مُحتوى الأرض من المياه عن طريق الصرف بالمواسير أو دون مواسير، أو عن طريق الحرث والحرث العميق، أو عن طريق الخنادق. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108168"},{"id":108169,"arabic":"مَنْع التَّسرِيب تحت التربة","english":"subsoil sealing","french":"étanchéisation souterraine [f.]","description":"إجراءات تتخذ لإحكام منع التدفق السفلي أو التسرّب الجانبي تحت التربة أو تقليله. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108169"},{"id":108170,"arabic":"حرث التربة","english":"subsoiling","french":"ameublissement du sol [m.]","description":"حرث طبقات التربة المُتداخلة عن طريق تفتيتها، وذلك لزيادة مُحتواها من الهواء والماء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108170"},{"id":108171,"arabic":"رَيّ بالتنقيط تحت السطحيّ","english":"subsurface drip irrigation","french":"irrigation goutte à goutte souterraine [f.]","description":"الري عن طريق الامداد بالمياه إلى داخل التربة مباشرةً بواسطة أنابيب تنقيط ممدودة تحت سطح التربة. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108171"},{"id":108172,"arabic":"مياه جوفية","english":"subterranean water; underground water","french":"eau souterraine [f.]","description":"أيٌّ من الخنادق الضيقة التي تشق بالآلات الزراعية بين صفوف المحاصيل. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108172"},{"id":108173,"arabic":"مُهَايئ المَصّ","english":"suction adapter","french":"cône de réduction sur l'aspiration de la pompe [m.]","description":"مُهَايئ غير مُمركز، يسمح باستخدام أنبوب سحب ذو قطر أكبر من المُعتاد. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108173"},{"id":108174,"arabic":"أنبوب سحْب","english":"suction hose","french":"tuyau d'aspiration","description":"أنبوب من الصُلب أو الخرسانة المُسلحة، تتمثل وظيفته في سحب (شفط) المياه في حالة توربينات 'كابلان' أو 'فرانسيس'. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108174"},{"id":108175,"arabic":"فِعْل تحاتّ بالمص","english":"suction scour","french":"affouillement par batillage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108175"},{"id":108176,"arabic":"خندق صيفيّ","english":"summer dike","french":"digue d’été [f.]","description":"حاجز يُستخدم لأغراض حماية محدودة (مثلاً لحماية منطقة مُستخدمة لأغراض زراعية)، وهو يتعامل فقط مع الفيضانات الصغيرة والمتوسطة المُتكررة. (انظر: [حاجز حماية جزئيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107838)). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم:507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108176"},{"id":108177,"arabic":"سِناد رئيسيّ","english":"support (tech.)","french":"montant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108177"},{"id":108178,"arabic":"مَصْرِف سطحيّ","english":"surface drain","french":"ligne de drainage superficiel [f.]","description":"مِجرى تصريف يُستخدم عادةً للتخلّص من مياه الري الزائدة في الأجزاء المُنخفضة للحقل أو للتخلّص من مياه الأمطار. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108178"},{"id":108179,"arabic":"صَرْف سطحيّ","english":"surface drainage","french":"drainage superficiel [m.]","description":"1. إجراءات لمنع المياه السطحية غير المرغوب فيها من الوصول إلى سطح التربة. 2- تصريف المياه السطحية من سطح التربة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108179"},{"id":108180,"arabic":"بئر بالوعة ذو مدخل سطحيّ","english":"surface inlet","french":"absorbeur [m.]","description":"بئر أرضية مملوءة بمواد تُساعد على تخلل الماء وتتدفق خلالها مياه مصارف حقلية أرضية صغيرة أو خنادق صغيرة إلى المصرف. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108180"},{"id":108181,"arabic":"ريّ سطحيّ","english":"surface irrigation","french":"irrigation superficielle [f.]","description":"طريقة ريّ يتم فيها إمداد الأراضي بالمياه إما على شكل مجرى عريض فوقها أو من خلال خطوط أخدودية. ووفقاً لذلك ينطبق المصطلح على كل من الريّ بالغمر، والريّ السطحيّ والريّ من خطوط أخدودية. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108181"},{"id":108182,"arabic":"مصارف مجمعة مُسطّحة","english":"surface-cum-seepage drain","french":"drain de décharge de l’eau du sol et des eaux pluviales [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108182"},{"id":108183,"arabic":"بئر تمور ذو غرفة تمدد","english":"surge chamber","french":"chambre d’équilibre [f.]","description":"في محطات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية هو جزء ذي منسوب حُر للمياه، وله شكل يشبه الغرفة لتوسيع البئر، وذلك لاستيعاب الاهتزازات الشديدة، على سبيل المثال أعلى شطحة فيضان (شطحة مياه مرتدة).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108183"},{"id":108184,"arabic":"شَطْف بالدفقات","english":"surge flushing","french":"curage par pulsion [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108184"},{"id":108185,"arabic":"خانق صهريج التَمَوُّر","english":"surge tank throttle","french":"étranglement de chambre d’équilibre [m.]","description":"جزء ضيق في المقطع العرضي لصهريج التمور، الغرض منه إخماد الذبذبات. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108185"},{"id":108186,"arabic":"موجة عارمة","english":"surge; positive surge","french":"jet d'eau [m.]; flux [m.]","description":"خط أنابيب يتفرّع من خط رئيسي أو خط ثانوي لتغذية الرشاشات. ويُسمى أيضاً في شبكة الأنابيب المُتنقلة أو شبه المُتنقلة 'خط متنقل'. (انظر: خط فرعي حامل للرشاشات) الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية DVWK) :1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108186"},{"id":108187,"arabic":"مَجْرى","english":"swallow hole; sink hole","french":"ponor","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108187"},{"id":108188,"arabic":"سلسلة مُنشآت توليد الطاقة من المياه الجارية","english":"swell chain","french":"chaîne de surverse [f.]","description":"مصطلح يطلق على منظومة من عدة محطات لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية، تقع مُتتالية على نفس المجرى المائي، وهي تعمل عن طريق تشغيل خزان في المقدمة، وخزان آخر في المؤخرة. وذلك في طريقة التموّج. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108188"},{"id":108189,"arabic":"تشغيل مُنشآت توليد الطاقة من المياه الجارية","english":"swell operation","french":"mode de surverse [m.]","description":"طريقة تشغيل واحدة أو أكثر من محطات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية التي تستخدم فيها ما يسمى بسلسلة التقبب، والهدف من هذه الطريقة هو الوفاء بالاحتياج الزمني للطاقة، حيث يتأثر فيها التدفق بطرق التخزين المحدودة، ويتم أيضاً الاستفادة منه. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108189"},{"id":108190,"arabic":"رشاشة مُتأرجحة","english":"swing-arm sprinkler","french":"arroseur pivotant [m.]","description":"جهاز رش يقوم برش المياه من فتحات للنفث أو أنبوب نفث ويتأرجح حول محوره الأفقي. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108190"},{"id":108191,"arabic":"صَرْف نظاميّ","english":"system drainage","french":"drainage système [m.]","description":"صَرْف باستخدام مصارِف مُرتبة بشكل منتظم. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108191"},{"id":108192,"arabic":"توسيع مجرى مائيّ","english":"systematic development of a watercourse","french":"expansion d'un cours d'eau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108192"},{"id":108193,"arabic":"قناة سفلى","english":"tailrace; after-bay","french":"enfouissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108193"},{"id":108194,"arabic":"مياه المصرف السفلي","english":"tailwater","french":"eau d'aval","description":"المياه الموجودة في أسفل المنشأة المائية من المجرى المائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108194"},{"id":108195,"arabic":"مُهايئ تصغير","english":"taper; reducer","french":"raccord de réduction","description":"جزء يتناقص شكل مقطعه المُستعرض الداخلي على امتداد طوله. (انظر: وصلة تغيير) (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108195"},{"id":108196,"arabic":"وصْلَة حقلية حَرف T","english":"tee fitting","french":"Té; raccord en T [m.]","description":"وصلة على شكل الحرف T تُركب في شبكة الأنابيب لتوجيه التدفق المائي في أكثر من اتجاه واحد سواء في الخط الرئيسي أو في الخط الثانوي. (انظر: وُصْلَة فرعية) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108196"},{"id":108197,"arabic":"نفق تحويل مؤقت","english":"temporary diversion tunnel","french":"galerie de circulation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108197"},{"id":108198,"arabic":"عارضة تعلية الذروة","english":"temporary flashboards","french":"planches d'exhaussement de crête provisoires","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108198"},{"id":108199,"arabic":"نبع مصطبيّ","english":"terrace spring","french":"source de terrasses [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108199"},{"id":108200,"arabic":"اختبار","english":"test / testing / trial","french":"essai d'évaluation [m.] / évaluation [f.] / essai [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108200"},{"id":108201,"arabic":"هَدَّار رقيق الألواح","english":"thin-plate weir","french":"barrage à parois minces [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108201"},{"id":108202,"arabic":"حاجز ثلاثي الطبقات","english":"three-zone dyke","french":"digue trois zones [f.]","description":"سد يتكوّن مقطعه العرضي من ثلاث مواد أرضية مُختلفة. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - اللائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108202"},{"id":108203,"arabic":"موجة مدية","english":"tidal bore; eagre; flood wave","french":"lame de marée [f.]","description":"1- تحات قاع النهر بسبب حدوث نحر عند قاع صخرة، ينحدر من فوقها تدفق المجرى مُحدثاً تقويضاً للصخرة ويتجه التدفق إلى الأمام، فيمتد بذلك تعمق المقطع للأمام. 2- في مجال بناء السدود، التحات الذي يبدأ من الداخل ويتخطى جهة المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108203"},{"id":108204,"arabic":"غِطاء مائيّ طراز المخرج المائل","english":"tilted outlet type water seal","french":"fermeture hydraulique via écoulement en pente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108204"},{"id":108205,"arabic":"سَدٌّ خشبيّ","english":"timber dam","french":"barrage en bois [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108205"},{"id":108206,"arabic":"منحنى هبوط","english":"time-drawdown curve","french":"courbe rabattement-temps [f.]","description":"خندق على حافة منطقة يُراد تصريف المياه منها، لتحويل مجرى مائي و/أو جمع المياه الدخيلة مثلاً. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108206"},{"id":108207,"arabic":"مصرف قدمة","english":"toe drain","french":"drainage de pied [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108207"},{"id":108208,"arabic":"جِدار القدمة الخلفية","english":"toe wall","french":"éperon [m.]","description":"جزءٌ من المُنشأة، يمتد أسفل قاعدة الأساس، ويُبنى من المادة عينُها التي بُني منها جسم المُنشأة فوقه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108208"},{"id":108209,"arabic":"خزان علويّ","english":"top reservoir (of a swell)","french":"accumulateur de tête [m.]","description":"خزان خاص بأعلى محطة لتوليد الطاقة الكهرومائية في سلسلة مُنشآت لتوليد الطاقة، وهو يسمح بتوليد نسب مُحددة من الطاقة. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108209"},{"id":108210,"arabic":"عرْض القمة","english":"top width / crest width","french":"largeur de crête [f.]","description":"عرض القمة العليا للسدّ. وحدة القياس: متر (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108210"},{"id":108211,"arabic":"تَحكُّم في السيول","english":"torrent control","french":"correction des torrents","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108211"},{"id":108212,"arabic":"تَعرُّج","english":"tortuosity","french":"tortuosité","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108212"},{"id":108213,"arabic":"جملة التبخر","english":"total evaporation / water loss","french":"évaporation totale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108213"},{"id":108214,"arabic":"إجماليّ احتياج الريّ","english":"total irrigation requirement","french":"besoin d’irrigation globaux [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108214"},{"id":108215,"arabic":"ضَغْط إجماليّ","english":"total pressure","french":"pression totale [f.]","description":"الضغط المقاس عمودياً على التيار.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108215"},{"id":108216,"arabic":"سعة تخزينية كلية","english":"total storage space","french":"espace de stockage global [m.]","description":"الجزء الواقع تحت منسوب الملء الأقصى من حيز الحوض . رمز المُعادلات: IG. وحدة القياس: م3 (انظر: تخزين الإجماليّ). (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108216"},{"id":108217,"arabic":"إجماليّ الاحتياجات المائية","english":"total water requirements / overall water requirement","french":"besoin en eau total [m.]","description":"المياه المطلوبة لعملية الري الكاملةً. ويُعبّر عنها بالمتر المُكعب في السنة أو المتر المُكعب في اليوم، أو المتر المُكعب في الثانية، أو اللتر في الثانية. رمز المُعادلات: G\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108217"},{"id":108218,"arabic":"مِقْياس مجمع (للمطر مثلاً)","english":"totalizer","french":"pluviomètre totalisateur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108218"},{"id":108219,"arabic":"بوابة جرار","english":"tractor gate","french":"vanne de tracteur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108219"},{"id":108220,"arabic":"تَحوُّل","english":"transitional flow","french":"écoulement transitoire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108220"},{"id":108221,"arabic":"حاجِز عرضيّ","english":"transverse dike","french":"digue transversale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108221"},{"id":108222,"arabic":"شبكة النفاية","english":"trash rack / rack","french":"grille de déversoir [f.]","description":"حالة التدفق التي تفيض فيها المياه إلى أعلى من مستوى محبس أو سدادة الغلق، في خزانات التنظيم وسدود التخزين مثلاً. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108222"},{"id":108223,"arabic":"سرعة التحرك","english":"travelling speed","french":"vitesse d’alimentation [f.]","description":"في مجال الريّ، سُرعة تحرّك عربات الري بالرش والمُمطرات عند سحب الأنابيب. وبالتحكم فيها يُمكن التحكم في منسوب ارتفاع الرش. وحدة القياس: متر/الساعة","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108223"},{"id":108224,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مبدئية","english":"treatment, preliminary","french":"traitement préliminaire [m.]","description":"جزء من عملية تنقية مياه الصرف يهدف إلى التخلّص من المواد الصلبة الكبيرة أو الرمال أو الحصى أو المواد الطافية في تلك المياه. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108224"},{"id":108225,"arabic":"مَرْحلة المُعالجة الأولى","english":"treatment, preliminary and primary","french":"prétraitement et traitement primaire [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، هو حجب التيار المائي الطبيعي في خنادق بواسطة تجهيزات حجز. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108225"},{"id":108226,"arabic":"رأس شجرية","english":"tree groyne","french":"barrage d’arbres [m.]","description":"حاجز نفّاذ من الأشجار، يُقام مُعترضاً مجرى النهر الرئيسي لتحويله إلى مجرى فرعي أو العكس، وتُعلّق الأشجار على حبل من الفولاذ مشدود عبر النهر بشكل مقلوب، وبذلك يتم حجب الرسابة كبيرة الحجم الجارية مع المياه. ومن خلال التجمّع والتكوّم اللاحق للرواسب يُصبح هذا الحاجز الشجري غير نفّاذ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108226"},{"id":108227,"arabic":"حفارة المصاريف","english":"trencher with drain laying attachment","french":"machine de drainage [f.]","description":"حفارة المصاريف ويتم التمييز هنا بين مد الأنابيب دون حفر الخنادق، وبين المد بحفر الخنادق. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108227"},{"id":108228,"arabic":"‌دِعامة ذات حوامل مُلتوية","english":"trestle bent pier","french":"pile à chevalet [f.]","description":"منخفض يبنى للوقاية من غمر رقعة مُنخفضة من الأرض. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108228"},{"id":108229,"arabic":"بئر استكشاف","english":"trial pit","french":"puits de sondage","description":"نفق أو بئر لاستكشاف الجبال. (انظر: [نفق استكشاف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107410)) (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108229"},{"id":108230,"arabic":"ألة أسطوانية للريّ بالأنابيب","english":"tube drum irrigation machine","french":"machine d’arrosage à tambour de tube [f.]","description":"تجهيزة ريّ تتكون أساساً من أسطوانة ضخمة تلتف حولها أنابيب الرش (الرشاشات)، وتجرها عربة مُنزلقة مُتحركة أو عربة مُتحركة لنقل المياه. ويوضع الرشاش على العربة المُنزلقة أو العربة، وتشكل الرشاشات في الغالب ممطراً عملاقاً يقوم بتوزيع المياه. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108230"},{"id":108231,"arabic":"ريّ بالأنابيب","english":"tube irrigation","french":"irrigation par tubes","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، الريّ بالمياه من فتحات جدار وصلة أنبوبية مُتحركة، تعمل بضغط تشغيل ضئيل. (DIN 4047-6: 2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108231"},{"id":108232,"arabic":"بوابة قلابة","english":"tumble gate","french":"porte basculante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108232"},{"id":108233,"arabic":"جَابية مَخْلص نَفَقيّ","english":"tunnel spillway bucket / tunnel deflector","french":"bassin à forte pente pour galerie de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108233"},{"id":108234,"arabic":"تُربينة","english":"turbine","french":"turbine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108234"},{"id":108235,"arabic":"ضَبْط وَضع العنفة","english":"turbine height","french":"hauteur de turbine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108235"},{"id":108236,"arabic":"ضَبْط وَضع التربينة","english":"turbine setting","french":"calage d'une turbine","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108236"},{"id":108237,"arabic":"مَجرى القدرة المائية","english":"turbine water channel","french":"canal d’eau motrice [m.]","description":"مجرى يربط بين مُنشأة المأخذ (السحب) ومحطة توليد القدرة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108237"},{"id":108238,"arabic":"تُربينة ردّ فعلية","english":"turbine, reaction","french":"turbine à réaction [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108238"},{"id":108239,"arabic":"عنفة تماس","english":"turbine, tangential","french":"turbine tangentielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108239"},{"id":108240,"arabic":"تُربينة مائية","english":"turbine, water","french":"turbine à eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108240"},{"id":108241,"arabic":"حَمْل أقصى","english":"ultimate load","french":"charge ultime [f.]","description":"في مجال ريّ الحقول، الريّ برش رذاذ الماء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108241"},{"id":108242,"arabic":"مِصْراع ذو ثقل موازن سفليّ","english":"under-counterweight shutter","french":"clapet équilibré à contrepoids inférieur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108242"},{"id":108243,"arabic":"ضفة متآكلة القاعدة","english":"undercut-slope bank","french":"rive concave [f.]","description":"الضفة الخارجية في انحناءة مجرىً مائي ما. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108243"},{"id":108244,"arabic":"خط من أنابيب الصرف","english":"underdrain","french":"drain souterrain","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108244"},{"id":108245,"arabic":"تدفق سفلي","english":"underflow","french":"infiltration sous le radier d’un ouvrage de retenue [f.]","description":"تسرّب المياه إلى قاع أساس بنية السد وتحته. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108245"},{"id":108246,"arabic":"ريّ تحت سطحيّ","english":"underground irrigation","french":"irrigation souterraine [f.]","description":"طريقة ريّ عن طريق رفع منسوب المياه تحت السطحيّة حتى منطقة تغلغل جذور النباتات أو قريباً منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108246"},{"id":108247,"arabic":"محطة كهفية لتوليد الطاقة","english":"Underground power station","french":"centrale en caverne [f.]","description":"محطة توليد طاقة كهرومائية، مزوّدة بغرفة ماكينات، وتكون مُنشأة داخل جبل. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108247"},{"id":108248,"arabic":"جَيْب ممرات الحتّ","english":"undersluice pocket (waterwheel) / scouring sluice pocket (waterwheel)","french":"poche des passes de chasse","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108248"},{"id":108249,"arabic":"فتحات سُفلى","english":"undersluices; scouring sluices","french":"vidange en eau d’aval [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108249"},{"id":108250,"arabic":"اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة الإطارية بشأن تغير المناخ","english":"United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)","french":"Convention-cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques (UNFCCC) [f.]","description":"كافة الخواص التي تلاحظ على المجرى المائي في فترة المُراقبة. (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108250"},{"id":108251,"arabic":"ضَغْط المياه المسامية على الأساس","english":"uplift; pore water pressure on a foundation; uplift pressure","french":"pression de l'eau sur le sol [f.]; pression de l'eau sur une fondation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108251"},{"id":108252,"arabic":"غِطاء أماميّ","english":"upstream blanket","french":"tapis amont étanche","description":"مواد ملء غير مُنفذة تُستخدم على جانب الجزء العلوي من النهر باتجاه المنبع لسد تُرابي، وذلك بغرض تقليل نفاذية الماء. ومن خلال ذلك تنخفض كمية الماء المُتسرّب، كما ينخفض الضغط الزائد على جانب السد التُرابي المواجه للجزء السُفلي من النهر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108252"},{"id":108253,"arabic":"جدار السد","english":"upstream face","french":"chicane de retenue [f.]","description":"جدار أحد السدود الضخمة أو بوابات الهَدَّارات، والذي تصل إليه مياه الحوض الأماميّ. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108253"},{"id":108254,"arabic":"مُقدم السد","english":"upstream face","french":"amont du barrage [m.]","description":"في ‌مُنشأَت الريّ الرئيسية، جانب السدّ المواجه لحوض التخزين أو حوض الحجز. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108254"},{"id":108255,"arabic":"أرض (ال...) أمام الهدار","english":"upstream floor","french":"avant-radier [m.]","description":"سرير النهر المثبت، والذي يوجد أمام جسم الهدّار مُباشرةً. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108255"},{"id":108256,"arabic":"سُرعة الارتفاع الشعري","english":"upward-flow rate / rising velocity","french":"vitesse ascensionnelle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108256"},{"id":108257,"arabic":"مِرحاض الفصل بالكَسْح","english":"urine diversion flush toilet","french":"toilette à séparation à chasse [f.]","description":"منطقة من وادي يتباين فيها منسوب المياه الجوفية بشكل كبير على مدار العام، ويحدث ذلك أحياناً مع فيضان أوإطماء، وأحياناً أخرى مع مياه مُرتشحة راجعة. (انظر: [مجرى مائيّ مُنخفض له ضفة عالية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108315)) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108257"},{"id":108258,"arabic":"مخزون قابل للاستخدام","english":"usable storage","french":"capacité utile d'un réservoir","description":"الحجم الموجود بين المنسوب الأدنى والمنسوب الأعلى للمياه في بحيرة تخزين في ظل ظروف الاستخدام الطبيعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108258"},{"id":108259,"arabic":"خط تفريغ خلائيّ","english":"vacuum line","french":"réseau sous vide [m.]","description":"نمط من طريقة الريّ بالأخاديد، وفيه تغطى المياه من الأخاديد المُتجاورة عبر الميل بانحدار مُتحكم فيه، وتُعرف أيضاً باسم 'الريّ بالخطوط المُتقاطعة مع الكنتور'. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108259"},{"id":108260,"arabic":"مِضخّة تفريغ","english":"vacuum pump","french":"pompe à vide [f.]","description":"دخول المياه في أخاديد حقلية ذات انحدار ضئيل للقاع، ودون وجود دفق في نهاية الأخاديد. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108260"},{"id":108261,"arabic":"مِرحاض كسح خلائيّ","english":"vacuum toilet","french":"toilette à vide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108261"},{"id":108262,"arabic":"طريقة 'فالنهوف'","english":"Vallenhove method","french":"méthode de Vallenhove [f.]","description":"في نظام الري تحت السطحي، نمط للتخطيط فيه تنتهي خطوط مُنفصلة من القرميد انتهاءً حُراً في المصارف الحقلية. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: 1983 (DVWK))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108262"},{"id":108263,"arabic":"يَنْبوع الوادي","english":"valley spring","french":"source de vallée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108263"},{"id":108264,"arabic":"مخزون الوادي","english":"valley storage","french":"emmagasinement en vallée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108264"},{"id":108265,"arabic":"بوابة منزلقة","english":"valve","french":"vanne [f.]","description":"صمام بوابة ذو تصميم مفتوح البنية، يستخدم للتحكم في تدفق المياه خلال المجاري المائية أو الهدّارات مثلاُ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108265"},{"id":108266,"arabic":"صمام الكوع","english":"valve elbow","french":"coude avec vanne [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية: جزء تُزوّد به شبكة الأنابيب لتسهيل تفريع خطوط الأنابيب الحاملة للرشاشات أو الخطوط الفرعية في أي اتجاه. ويُمكن أن يدور هذا الجزء بزاوية مقدارها 360 درجة. (انظر: كوع)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108266"},{"id":108267,"arabic":"مرفق ذو صمام","english":"valve elbow","french":"coude avec vanne [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108267"},{"id":108268,"arabic":"صِمام مُرتد (لمحطات توليد الطاقة الكهرومائية)","english":"valve for hydropower stations","french":"battant pour centrales hydrauliques [m.]","description":"تجهيزة صمامية مُزودة بجزء إغلاق قابل للدوران، يمكن للتيار أن يدور من حوله. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108268"},{"id":108269,"arabic":"صِمام التحكم","english":"valve regulating slide / control valve / valve regulating gate","french":"vanne de réglage [m.] / vanne de sectionnement [m.] / robinet de réglage [m.]","description":"في خطوط الرش الطويلة المُتحركة، صمامات مُركّبة في هذه الخطوط تسمح بإيقاف عمل مقاطع صغيرة من نظام التوزيع بغرض إجراء إصلاحات أو تعديلات دون التأثير على إمدادات المياه لبقية السطح. (انظر: صِمَامَات المناطق) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108269"},{"id":108270,"arabic":"وصْلَة حَرف T بصمام","english":"valve tee","french":"T avec vanne [m.]","description":"وُصْلَة على شكل الحرف T وتكون مُزودة بصمام منزلق. وهي تُركب في شبكة الأنابيب لوقف تغذية خط أو أكثر من خطوط الأنابيب بدون إيقاف المضخة. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108270"},{"id":108271,"arabic":"سَدٌّ عقديّ بنصف قُطر مُتغيِّر","english":"variable radius arch dam; variable centre dam","french":"barrage-voûte à rayon variable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108271"},{"id":108272,"arabic":"نِطاق نَبَاتيّ","english":"vegetation zone","french":"zone de végétation [f.]","description":"نطاق يشتمل على منطقة نباتية نموذجية موائمة لموقعها، وهي ترتبط أساساً بمناسيب المياه. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108272"},{"id":108273,"arabic":"بئر إعادة شحن","english":"vertical drainage / inverted well","french":"puits, inverse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108273"},{"id":108274,"arabic":"صَرْف رأسيّ","english":"vertical drainage / inverted well","french":"drainage vertical [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108274"},{"id":108275,"arabic":"هَدّار رأسى المسقط","english":"vertical drop weir; overfall weir","french":"barrage à nappe libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108275"},{"id":108276,"arabic":"هدّار مسقط رأسي","english":"vertical drop weir; overfall weir","french":"barrage-déversoir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108276"},{"id":108277,"arabic":"لَفّافة أرضية","english":"vertical shaft","french":"arbre vertical [m.]","description":"أسطوانة النقل الموجودة في حوض تهدئة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108277"},{"id":108278,"arabic":"قوالب من الفخار المزجج","english":"Vitrified clay fittings","french":"raccord en grès-cérame [m.]","description":"مُنشأة مُغلقة، يتم فيها تهدئة طاقة المياه عن طريق خلطها وتدويمها. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108278"},{"id":108279,"arabic":"حَجْم السد","english":"volume, dam","french":"volume de digue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108279"},{"id":108280,"arabic":"حجم السد","english":"volume, dam","french":"volume de barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108280"},{"id":108281,"arabic":"مِضخّة دُوَّامية","english":"vortex pump","french":"pompe à vortex [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108281"},{"id":108282,"arabic":"إجهاد الاحتكاك الجداري","english":"wall shear stress","french":"contrainte de cisaillement de paroi [f.]","description":"إجُهاد التماس بين جدار الأنبوب الداخلي وبين جُزيئات السائل المتدفق فيه. رمز المُعادلات: oقوة القص الحديّ) (DIN 4047-5:1989).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108282"},{"id":108283,"arabic":"مَرْحَلة الإنذار","english":"warning stage","french":"niveau d'alerte [m.] / cote d'alerte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108283"},{"id":108284,"arabic":"تنقية الهواء العادم","english":"waste air purification gas","french":"traitement des effluents gazeux","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108284"},{"id":108285,"arabic":"إدارة المُخلّفات","english":"waste management","french":"gestion des déchets [f.]","description":"تتبع مسار موجة الفَيضَان في مجرى حين لا يكون هناك مخزون سوى المُتاح في جوانب المجرى والوادي. (الاتحاد الألمانيّ لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108285"},{"id":108286,"arabic":"ريّ (ال...) بمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater irrigation","french":"irrigation des eaux usées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108286"},{"id":108287,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مياه الصرف بتوجيهها إلى الأراضي الزراعية","english":"wastewater irrigation","french":"irrigation des eaux usées [f.]","description":"تصريف مياه الصرف الصحيّ بغرض مُعالجتها بالتناوب في العديد من الأراضي التي يتم تقسيمها بواسطة سدود مُنخفضة (أراضي مرويّة بمياه الصرف الصحيّ). وتتم مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ ميكانيكياً بواسطة تخللها في التربة، وبيولوجياً بواسطة بكتيريا التربة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108287"},{"id":108288,"arabic":"إعادة تدوير مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater recycling","french":"recyclage des eaux d'égout [m.]","description":"أفرع أشجار مُتكسرة وجافة، يوضع بعضها فوق بعض لتكوين حصيرة، يتراوح سُمكها من 5 إلى 20 سم، ويدخل في بنيتها كذلك أسلاك وألواح داعمة، وتثبت على حاجز من الشجيرات. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108288"},{"id":108289,"arabic":"استخدام مياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة في أغراض الري","english":"wastewater use in agriculture","french":"utilisation agricole des eaux usées [f.] / traitement par le sol [m.]","description":"استعمال مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُعالجة عادةً في ريّ الأراضي الزراعية عن طريق توجيهها إليها أو رشّها وتخللُّها إلى جوف الأرض، وذلك من أجل الاستفادة من مكوّنات تلك المياه في نمو النبات. وفي هذه الحالة، يجب مُراعاة الجوانب الصحية والسلامة الخاصة بذلك.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108289"},{"id":108290,"arabic":"مُنْحنى توزيع المياه","english":"water application pattern","french":"courbe de distribution des eaux [f.]","description":"خط التوصيل بين أعماق الريّات المُقاسة، والمُوزّعة على الإحداثي الأفقيّ المُمتد عبر محور رشاش مياه. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108290"},{"id":108291,"arabic":"كُتْلَة المياه","english":"water body","french":"masse d’eau [f.]","description":"كمية المياه المُحددة بدقة أو التي يمكن تحديدها في موقعٍ ما. وحدة القياس: م3 (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108291"},{"id":108292,"arabic":"تحويل المياه","english":"water diversion","french":"dérivation des eaux","description":"نقل المياه من مجرى مائي إلى آخر، سواء أكانت المجاري المائية الطبيعية أم الصناعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108292"},{"id":108293,"arabic":"عمق الرَيَّة","english":"water duty","french":"dose d’irrigation [f.]","description":"كمية المياه الزائدة التي تنشأ عن عملية الريّ. ويُقدر عُمق الريّة بالملِّيمتر. كما يُمكن تتبع بيانات عُمق الريّة إمّا كل ريّة أو كل سنة. رمز المُعادلات: hB (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108293"},{"id":108294,"arabic":"استغلال المياه","english":"water exploitation","french":"exploitation des ressources hydrauliques / usage des eaux","description":"استخدام المياه أو تغيير في حالتها الطبيعية لأغراض التنمية والإنتاج.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108294"},{"id":108295,"arabic":"دليل الاتحاد الأوروبيّ عن إطار العمل في مجال المياه","english":"water framework directive","french":"directive-cadre européenne sur l'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108295"},{"id":108296,"arabic":"اختبار نضح المياه","english":"water intake test","french":"essai de prise d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108296"},{"id":108297,"arabic":"منسوب المياه في حالة زيادتها عن مُعدلها الطبيعيّ","english":"water level of overtopping / overtopping stage","french":"hauteur de débordement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108297"},{"id":108298,"arabic":"منسوب المياه في حالة زيادتها عن مُعدلها الطبيعيّ","english":"water level of overtopping / overtopping stage","french":"niveau de débordement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108298"},{"id":108299,"arabic":"أقصى منسوب للمياه","english":"water level, maximum","french":"objectif de retenue principal [m.]","description":"منسوب المياه، الذي لا يجوز تخطيه (الارتفاع عنه) في حالة تصريف الفيضان التصميمي. رمز المُعادلات: ZH، وحدة القياس: متر (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108299"},{"id":108300,"arabic":"عملية إدارة المَصادر المائية","english":"water management process","french":"processus de gestion des eaux [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، تعبير يُشير إلى كل التجهيزات اللازمة للصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108300"},{"id":108301,"arabic":"استغلال الطاقة المائية","english":"water power utilisation","french":"utilisation d'énergie hydraulique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108301"},{"id":108302,"arabic":"ضَغْط الماء","english":"water pressure","french":"colonne d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108302"},{"id":108303,"arabic":"الاحتياج المائي","english":"water requirement","french":"besoin d'eau","description":"مجموع كمية المياه التي يحتاج إليها محصول، في وحدة المساحة، لينمو نمواً طبيعياً في ظروف الحقل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108303"},{"id":108304,"arabic":"علو مانع التسرب المائي","english":"water seal head","french":"niveau d'eau de bourrage [m.]","description":"المنسوب الفعَّال لعمود الماء الموجود في مصيدة الرائحة. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108304"},{"id":108305,"arabic":"تَيْسِير الماء","english":"water softening","french":"adoucissement de l’eau [m.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، وتحديداً في مجال صرف المياه، الفرق بين الأرضي الطبيعية وأعلى نقطة من نقاط سطح المياه المُخفّضة، بين مصرفين مُغطيين، مثلاً. رمز المُعادلات: f (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108305"},{"id":108306,"arabic":"مساحة سَطْح الخزان","english":"water surface area, maximum / surface area of reservoir","french":"surface ou niveau de retenue maximal [f.]","description":"الفرق في الارتفاع بين منسوب المياه السفلية ومنسوب المياه العلوية. واعتماداً على وضع منسوب المياه تتفاوت الارتفاعات الجيوديسية المطلوبة. رمز المُعادلات: geo\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108306"},{"id":108307,"arabic":"أقصى مساحة لمسطح الماء","english":"water surface area, maximum / surface area of reservoir","french":"niveau de retenue maximal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108307"},{"id":108308,"arabic":"هبوط المياه الجوفية","english":"water table drawdown","french":"abaissement de l’eau souterraine [m.]","description":"انخفاض منسوب المياه الجوفية نتيجةً لخروجها من خلال الآبار والينابيع أو الفتحات الأخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108308"},{"id":108309,"arabic":"استخدام (ال...) التجاريّ للمياه","english":"water use, commercial","french":"utilisation de l'eau commerciale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108309"},{"id":108310,"arabic":"مقدار المياه","english":"water volume","french":"quantité d’eau [f.]","description":"1- أقصى فيضان يمكن لمُنشأ تمريره بأمان. 2- الفيضان المُعتمد لمُراعاته في تصميم أي مُنشأ. 3- الفيضان الذي يجب مُراعاة حماية منطقة مُعينة منه. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108310"},{"id":108311,"arabic":"مياه ارتوازية أرضية","english":"water, artesian","french":"eau artésienne [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مياه اِرْتِوازية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106986))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108311"},{"id":108312,"arabic":"مياه ناقصة التغذية","english":"water, dystrophic","french":"eau, dystrophique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108312"},{"id":108313,"arabic":"ماء مالح","english":"water, saline","french":"eau, saline [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108313"},{"id":108314,"arabic":"مدة الريّ","english":"watering duration","french":"durée d’irrigation [f.]","description":"المُدة الزمنية اللازمة لإمداد التربة بكمية من مياه الري. (DIN 4047-6:2008) رمز المُعادلات: B\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108314"},{"id":108315,"arabic":"مجرى مائيّ مُنخفض له ضفة عالية","english":"water-meadow","french":"plaine de cours d’eau [f.]","description":"منطقة من وادٍ ذات مُستوى مياه جوفية مُتذبذب بشدة على مدار العام، من ناحية مع الفيض والترسيب، ومن ناحية أخرى مع زيادة مياه الرشح الراجعة. (انظر: [سهل فيضيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110552)) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108315"},{"id":108316,"arabic":"عناية بالمُسطحات المائية","english":"waters maintenance","french":"entretien de cours d’eau [m.]","description":"الفرق بين السعة الحقلية والنقطة الأولى للذبول الدائم. ويمكن حساب السعة الحقلية المُتاحة باستخدام المُعادلة التالية: السعة الحقلية المُتاحة (nFC) = السعة الحقلية (FC) - النقطة الأولى للذبول الدائم (PWP). رمز المُعادلات: nFC (السعة الحقلية المُتاحة). وحدة القياس: النسبة المئوية (٪)، المليمتر (mm). (DIN 4047:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108316"},{"id":108317,"arabic":"مُراقبة المُسطحات والمُنشآت المائية","english":"waters monitoring","french":"surveillance des eaux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108317"},{"id":108318,"arabic":"حُشِّية منع تسرب قريبة من السطح","english":"waterstop [blanket], surface-near / sealing layer close to the upstream face","french":"joint à proximité de la surface [m.]","description":"وسيلة منع تسرّب توجد على جانب المياه للسدود، ويكون لها طبقة غلاف (على سبيل المثال مانع تسرب مائل من الطين مع طبقة طلاء واقية).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108318"},{"id":108319,"arabic":"مَجرى مائيّ","english":"waterway","french":"voie d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108319"},{"id":108320,"arabic":"مِساحة مقطع دخول المياه","english":"waterway area","french":"surface d'avalement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108320"},{"id":108321,"arabic":"مَمر مائيّ خالص","english":"waterway, clear","french":"largeur d’écoulement [f.]","description":"إجمالي المقطع المُستعرض للتدفق، مطروحاً منه عرض الدعامات (بأخذ الجسور والبرابخ كمثال)، مُقاساً على محور الطريق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108321"},{"id":108322,"arabic":"نسيج غصنيّ","english":"wattle","french":"clayonnage [m.]","description":"شبكة من الأغصان المرنة الرقيقة أو ألواح الخشب الصلب والأعمدة، تُستخدم في مجال تطوير وصيانة المُسطحات المائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108322"},{"id":108323,"arabic":"اجْتثاث الحَشَائش","english":"weeding","french":"désherbage [m.]","description":"استئصال النباتات المائية الضارة، بواسطة الجَزْازَات، مثلاً. (انظر: [اجتثاث (الحشائش)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108324))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108323"},{"id":108324,"arabic":"اجتثاث (الحشائش)","english":"weeding","french":"désherbage [m.]","description":"إزالة الحشائش غير المرغوب فيها باستخدام ماكينات جزّ الحشائش مثلاً. (انظر: [اجْتثاث الحَشَائش](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108323)) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108324"},{"id":108325,"arabic":"فتحة التذريف","english":"weep hole","french":"ouverture d’infiltration [f.]","description":"سد يوجد على المُسطحات المائية الجارية لحماية الأراضي الخلفية من الفيضان ويتكوّن أساساً من مواد بناء أرضية. وعلى العكس من السدود الدائمة فهو يُعد سداً مبنياً بشكل مؤقت (سد التيار). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1: 2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108325"},{"id":108326,"arabic":"قمة الفيض","english":"weir crest","french":"crête de déversoir","description":"الجزء العلوي من جسم السد، ويكون مُصمّماً على أسس هيدروديناميكية. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108326"},{"id":108327,"arabic":"حاجز الهدّار","english":"weir field","french":"panneau de barrage [m.]","description":"قِطاع من الهَدَّار يقع بين دِعَامَات السَدّ، أو بين وَجنة الهدّار ودعامته. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108327"},{"id":108328,"arabic":"بوابة الهَدَّار","english":"weir gate","french":"mécanisme de fermeture de barrage [m.]","description":"الجزء المُتحرك من الهَدَّار. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108328"},{"id":108329,"arabic":"عُلُو أمام الهدَّار","english":"weir head","french":"hauteur de refoulement au barrage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108329"},{"id":108330,"arabic":"دِعَامَة السَدّ","english":"weir pier","french":"pilier de barrage [m.]","description":"الجزء المُرتفع من جسم الهَدَّار بين الحواجز. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108330"},{"id":108331,"arabic":"مِصراع الهدَّار","english":"weir shutter","french":"clapet de barrage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108331"},{"id":108332,"arabic":"حَدَبَة الهَدَّار","english":"weir sill","french":"rebord de barrage [m.]","description":"جزءٌ مُمتد من عتبة الهَدَّار، ويمر عبر الحافة العلوية من أرضية المَأْخَذ، ولا يولِّد أيَّة إرتداد للمياه في حالة تدفق الفيضان التصميميّ. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108332"},{"id":108333,"arabic":"عَتَبَة الهَدَّار","english":"weir sill","french":"seuil de barrage [m.]","description":"الجزء من جسم الهَدَّار الذي يوجد أسفل بوابة الهّدَّار. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108333"},{"id":108334,"arabic":"جِسم الهَدَّار","english":"weir structure","french":"corps de barrage [m.]","description":"المُنشأة الضخمة للهَدَّار بأكملها، بما فيها  الدعامات والوجنات. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108334"},{"id":108335,"arabic":"سدّ لرفع منسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"weir to reduce ground-water runoff","french":"barrage agricole [m.]","description":"مُنشأة ريّ رئيسية توجد في مجرى مائيّ، يمكن بواسطتها رفع منسوب المياه الجوفية. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108335"},{"id":108336,"arabic":"هدار عريض العتبة","english":"weir, broad-crested","french":"barrage à large crête [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108336"},{"id":108337,"arabic":"هَدَّار دائريّ","english":"weir, circular","french":"barrage circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108337"},{"id":108338,"arabic":"هَدَّار مقفول","english":"weir, closed / diversion dam, overflow","french":"barrage submergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108338"},{"id":108339,"arabic":"هَدَّار مقفول","english":"weir, closed / overflow diversion dam","french":"barrage complet [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108339"},{"id":108340,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُركب","english":"weir, combined","french":"barrage combiné [m.]","description":"هَدَّار مزود بكتلة حاجزة وبوابات مركبة فوق بعضها البعض. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108340"},{"id":108341,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُتقلِّص","english":"weir, contracted","french":"déversoir à contraction","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108341"},{"id":108342,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُنْحنٍ","english":"weir, curved","french":"déversoir à crête courbe","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108342"},{"id":108343,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُقَوَّس","english":"weir, curved","french":"barrage voûté [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108343"},{"id":108344,"arabic":"هَدَّار تحويل","english":"weir, diversion","french":"barrage d’entrée [m.]","description":"هدار تحويل مبني على نهر ما، لصرف المياه جزئياً أو كلياً من النهر إلى قناة أو خندق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108344"},{"id":108345,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُنتفِخ","english":"weir, inflatable","french":"barrage gonflable [m.]","description":"هدّار مكوّن من جسم مجوّف مرن يُمكن ملؤه، ويُثبّت على قاعدة المجرى المائيّ. والهدف منه هو إيجاد موضع تتراكم فيه المياه وتُخزّن في المجرى. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108345"},{"id":108346,"arabic":"هَدَّار مفتوح","english":"weir, open / dam, open diversion","french":"barrage ouvert [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108346"},{"id":108347,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُستطيل","english":"weir, rectangular","french":"barrage rectangulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108347"},{"id":108348,"arabic":"هَدَّار حاد العتبة","english":"weir, sharp-crested","french":"barrage à arêtes vives [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108348"},{"id":108349,"arabic":"هَدَّار ضيق العتبة","english":"weir, short-crested","french":"barrage à crête étroite [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108349"},{"id":108350,"arabic":"هَدَّار مثلوم (حرف V)","english":"weir, triangular / V-Notch weir","french":"barrage à encoche en V [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108350"},{"id":108351,"arabic":"هدار مثلثي","english":"weir, triangular; V-Notch weir","french":"barrage triangulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108351"},{"id":108352,"arabic":"هَدَّار ثَابِت","english":"weir, uncontrolled","french":"barrage fixe [m.]","description":"حاجز مزود بكتلة حاجزة، وليس به بوابة للهَدَّار. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108352"},{"id":108353,"arabic":"مُعدَّل التدفق العَتَبِيّ","english":"weir-overflow rate","french":"débit linéaire de surverse [m.]","description":"التدفق منسوباً إلى وحدة أطوال عتبة الفيض. وحدة القياس: م³/(م · ساعة) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108353"},{"id":108354,"arabic":"بئر","english":"well","french":"puits [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108354"},{"id":108355,"arabic":"‌حاجز البئر","english":"well curb","french":"revêtement de puits [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108355"},{"id":108356,"arabic":"تطوير البئر","english":"well development","french":"développement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108356"},{"id":108357,"arabic":"أساسات بئرية","english":"well foundation","french":"puits de fondation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108357"},{"id":108358,"arabic":"هَيدروجراف البئر","english":"well hydrograph","french":"hydrogramme des eaux souterraines [m.]","description":"مُنحنى يعرض تغيّر مناسيب المياه الجوفية على مدار الوقت. (انظر: [هيدروجراف آبار](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105800))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108358"},{"id":108359,"arabic":"بئر ارتوازية متدفقة","english":"well, artesian flowing","french":"puits artésien jaillissant [m.]","description":"بئر ارتوازية تصرف المياه الجوفية المحصورة تحت ضغط كافٍ يجعلها تصعد فوق سطح الأرض. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108359"},{"id":108360,"arabic":"بئر متدفقة برفع الغاز","english":"well, gas-lift flowing","french":"puits jaillissant par remontée de gaz [m.]","description":"بئر لا تكون فيها المياه الأرضية المصروفة تحت ضغط هيدروستاتيّ كافٍ لرفعها إلى سطح الأرض بدون تدخلٍ غازيّ، ولكنها تدفع للصعود فوق السطح بسبب طفو الغاز الطبيعيّ المُختلط بالمياه. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108360"},{"id":108361,"arabic":"زراعة أراضي المُستنقعات","english":"wetland cultivation","french":"culture de zone humide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108361"},{"id":108362,"arabic":"بوابة وايتنج ذات هدار يعمل ذاتياً","english":"Whiting’s gate / Whiting’s self-acting waste weir gate","french":"vanne de barrage automatique Whiting [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108362"},{"id":108363,"arabic":"عَرْض القاع","english":"width of bottom","french":"largeur de radier [f.]","description":"رمز المُعادلات: So\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108363"},{"id":108364,"arabic":"غمر عشوائيّ","english":"wild flooding; contour ditch irrigation","french":"ruissellement à flanc de coteau [f.]","description":"في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، غمر الأسطح ذات الميل الطبيعيّ أو الصناعيّ بالمياه. (DIN 4047-6:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108364"},{"id":108365,"arabic":"مُعالجة (ال...) بواسطة المرفاع","english":"winching","french":"curage [m.]","description":"الضفة الداخلية في انحناء مجرى مائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108365"},{"id":108366,"arabic":"سد تُرابيّ مُجنّح","english":"wing dike","french":"digue latérale [f.]","description":"حاجز (سدّ) يقوم بتوجيه تيار الفيضان في اتجاه مُعين، ولا يمكن أن تغمره المياه في حالة الفيضان العالي. وفي حالة الضفاف والموانئ البحرية، يكون لهذا الحاجز وظيفة الحماية من حركة البحر (المد) والثلوج المُتحركة. (انظر: [ضفة مُرشدة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108367)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1: 2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108366"},{"id":108367,"arabic":"ضفة مُرشدة","english":"wing dike","french":"digue détournante/ digue de guidage","description":"ضفة لتوجيه تيار مياه الفيضان إلى اتجاه معين، ولا تغمرها المياه حتى في حالات الفيضان الشديد. وعند منافذ تنظيم مرور المياه أو المراسي المُنشأة على الضفاف ذات تلك المنافذ تعمل هذه الضفة على الحماية من الامواج العالية والثلوج الطافية. (انظر: [سد تُرابيّ مُجنّح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108366)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم 507-1:2011)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108367"},{"id":108368,"arabic":"جناح حاجز","english":"wing levee / afflux bund / afflux bank","french":"digue latérale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108368"},{"id":108369,"arabic":"حاجز الطميّ","english":"wing levee; afflux bund; afflux bank","french":"digue d’affluence [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108369"},{"id":108370,"arabic":"بربخ بجدار جناحي","english":"wing wall culvert","french":"conduite enterrée avec murs en aile [f.]","description":"في مُنشئات المياه، تكوِّن الجدران الجناحية نهاية البربخ الجانبية أو المبنى المتقاطع. وهو على سبيل المثال في حالات التوصيل بسد أو أرض أو مدخل قناة أو مخرجها يكون المعبر الذي يصل من ضفة النهر إلى جدار رأسي. ومن خلال ذلك يمكن التحكم في توجيه تيار داخل أو خارج.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108370"},{"id":108371,"arabic":"مياه البول الصفراء","english":"yellow water","french":"eau jaune [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108371"},{"id":108372,"arabic":"نظام متعرج","english":"zigzag system","french":"drainage éclair [m.]","description":"في الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، نظام يُستخدم في عملية تصريف المياه، حيث تكون المصارف الحقلية والرئيسية على هيئة خطوط متعرجة للحد من السُرعات العالية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108372"},{"id":108373,"arabic":"منطقة أرضية","english":"zone generally above water","french":"zone terrestre [f.]","description":"منطقة من سرير نهر نادراً ما تُغطى بالمياه. (انظر: حِزام نباتيّ في حوض النهر أو على ضفته) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108373"},{"id":108374,"arabic":"منطقة أعلى من المياه","english":"zone generally above water","french":"débit en excédent [m.]","description":"(انظر: [منطقة أرضية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108373))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108374"},{"id":108375,"arabic":"منطقة ثنائية الطبيعة","english":"zone, amphibious","french":"zone amphibie [f.]","description":"منطقة من سرير نهر بها مُستويات مياه كثيرة التباين. (انظر: [مِنطقة برمائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108376)) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108375"},{"id":108376,"arabic":"مِنطقة برمائية","english":"zone, amphibious","french":"zone d’échange des eaux [f.]","description":"(انظر: منطقة برمائية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108376"},{"id":108377,"arabic":"منطقة مائية","english":"zone, aquatic","french":"zone aquatique [f.]","description":"منطقة من سرير نهر مُغطاه بالمياه مُعظم الوقت. (انظر: [نِطَاق مَغْمُور](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108378)) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108377"},{"id":108378,"arabic":"نِطَاق مَغْمُور","english":"zone, aquatic","french":"zone d’eau d’aval [f.]","description":"(انظر: [منطقة مائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108377))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108378"},{"id":108379,"arabic":"منطقة مضاءة","english":"zone, euphotic","french":"couche d’eau balayée par la lumière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108379"},{"id":108380,"arabic":"خزان جوفي رسوبي","english":"alluvial aquifer","french":"aquifère alluvial (parfois dans le sens de 'nappe alluviale')","description":"طبقة نحاوية للمياه الجوفية تتكوّن نتيجة لتراكم الرواسب من الأنهر (رمل، حصى).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108380"},{"id":108381,"arabic":"مجرى رسوبي","english":"alluvial channel","french":"chenal alluvial","description":"مجرى نهري مكوّن من مواد رسوبية غير مترابطة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108381"},{"id":108382,"arabic":"طمي أو رسوبيات","english":"alluvial deposit (alluvium)","french":"dépôt alluvionnaire","description":"طين أو طمي، أو رمل، أو حصى أو أي مواد أخرى تحملها المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108382"},{"id":108383,"arabic":"مروحة رسوبية","english":"alluvial fan","french":"cône alluvial","description":"ترسبات على شكل مروحة تتكوّن من مواد محمولة بالمياه إلى مكان التقاء المجرى بالسهل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108383"},{"id":108384,"arabic":"سهل رسوبي","english":"alluvial plain","french":"plaine alluviale","description":"سهل يتكوّن من الرواسب المتراكمة من تآكل التربة في الجزء الأعلى من النهر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108384"},{"id":108385,"arabic":"طبقة كتيمة","english":"aquiclude","french":"aquiclude","description":"طبقة (أو كتلة) صخرية مشبعة بالمياه ولكن ناقليتها ضعيفة بحيث لا يمكن أن تستخرج منها كمية كبيرة من المياه وبكلفة اقتصادية مقبولة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108385"},{"id":108386,"arabic":"خزان جوفي","english":"aquifer","french":"aquifère","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108386"},{"id":108387,"arabic":"حوض جوفي كتيم","english":"aquifuge","french":"aquifuge","description":"تكوين جوفي ذو فراغات غير متصلة بحيث لا يمكنه امتصاص أو إنفاذ المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108387"},{"id":108388,"arabic":"طبقة شبه نفاذة","english":"aquitard","french":"aquitard","description":"تكوين جيولوجي ذو نفاذية ضعيفة، تخرج منه المياه بسرعة متدنية مقارنة بالخزان الجوفي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108388"},{"id":108389,"arabic":"منطقة التأثير","english":"area of influence","french":"zone d'influence","description":"منطقة محيطة ببئر حيث ينعكس أي انخفاض ناتج عن عملية سحب أو ارتفاع ناتج عن عملية التغذية انخفاضاً أو ارتفاعاً في منسوب المياه الجوفية (في الخزان الجوفي غير المحصور) وفي المنسوب البيزومتري (في الخزان الجوفي المحصور).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108389"},{"id":108390,"arabic":"خزان جوفي ارتوازي","english":"artesian aquifer","french":"aquifère artésien; couche aquifère à nappe captive","description":"خزان جوفي محصور","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108390"},{"id":108391,"arabic":"حوض ارتوازي","english":"artesian basin","french":"bassin artésien","description":"بنية جيولوجية، ذات أبعاد كبيرة غالباً، تكون فيها المياه محصورة تحت ضغط ارتوازي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108391"},{"id":108392,"arabic":"ضغط 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الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108412"},{"id":108413,"arabic":"ارتفاع","english":"elevation","french":"altitude","description":"مقياس جغرافي يُحسب بالمسافة الرأسية بين موقع منطقة ونقطة عيّنة تكون عادة سطح البحر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108413"},{"id":108414,"arabic":"حاجز","english":"embankment","french":"digue","description":"ردم من طين يشيّد ويستخدم لاحتواء مياه نهر أو تحويلها أو تخزينها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108414"},{"id":108415,"arabic":"نبع صدي","english":"fault spring","french":"source de faille","description":"نبع مياه جوفي عميق ينبثق من صدع كبير.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108415"},{"id":108416,"arabic":"مياه جوفية قديمة","english":"fossil water","french":"eau fossile","description":"مياه تسربت إلى طبقة جوفية حاملة للمياه في حقبة جيولوجية قديمة، في ظروف مناخية ومورفولوجية مختلفة عن الظروف الحالية، حيث بقيت مخزّنة منذ تلك الحقبة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108416"},{"id":108417,"arabic":"خزان جوفي حر","english":"free aquifer","french":"aquifère à nappe libre","description":"خزان جوفي نفوذ","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108417"},{"id":108418,"arabic":"مياه جوفية حرة","english":"free groundwater","french":"nappe libre","description":"مياه جوفية موجودة في الطبقة المشبعة في أعلاها بمنسوب حر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108418"},{"id":108419,"arabic":"كتلة المياه العذبة","english":"freshwater lens","french":"lentille d'eau douce","description":"كتلة من المياه العذبة تطفو فوق مياه جوفية مالحة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108419"},{"id":108420,"arabic":"مياه جوفية","english":"groundwater","french":"eau souterraine","description":"أنظر أيضاً:                                                                                                                                 معامل جريان 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الارتفاع.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108433"},{"id":108434,"arabic":"ناقلية مائية","english":"hydraulic conductivity","french":"conductivité hydraulique","description":"خصائص التربة أو الصخر التي تصف مدى السهولة التي تنتقل بها المياه عبر الشقوق المسامية. وتفسر حسابياً في قانون دارسي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108434"},{"id":108435,"arabic":"الجيولوجيا المائية","english":"Hydrogeology","french":"hydrogéologie","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108435"},{"id":108436,"arabic":"غير منفذ","english":"impermeable / impervious","french":"imperméable / étanche","description":"أنواع من الصخور أو التربة لا تسمح بمرور المياه عبرها تحت تأثير الضغط الذي يوجد عادة في المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108436"},{"id":108437,"arabic":"حد غير منفذ","english":"impervious boundary","french":"limite étanche / limite à flux nul","description":"حد لا يحدث 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                                                    نبع ارتوازي\nنبع انخفاض\nنبع صدع\nنبع مياه معدنية\nنبع حار\n مكان تتدفق فيه المياه الطبيعية من التربة أو من الصخر، وتجري إما على السطح أو إلى كتلة مائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108471"},{"id":108472,"arabic":"منسوب مياه ساكن","english":"static water level","french":"niveau d'eau statique","description":"منسوب المياه أو المنسوب البيزومتري الذي لا يتأثر بالضخ أو الحقن.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108472"},{"id":108473,"arabic":"معامل التخزين","english":"storage coefficient","french":"coefficient d'emmagasinement","description":"1- في حالة المياه السطحية، هي العلاقة بين سعة التخزين في خزان ومتوسط التدفق السنوي في المجرى المائي الذي يبلغ الخزان عبر السد. 2- في حالة المياه الجوفية، هو مقياس حجم المياه فيها، التي تستوعبها الطبقة الحاملة للمياه المحصورة أو يطلقها، لكل وحدة مساحة سطحية لكل وحدة ضغط.  وهذا التعريف مشابه لتعريف الضخ النوعي في حالة خزانات المياه الجوفية ذات 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                                        جريان المياه تحت سطح التربة، حيث يمكن أن يسهم في تدفق المياه تحت سطح الأرض، أو الجريان الأساسي أو التسرب العميق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108476"},{"id":108477,"arabic":"نهر جوفي","english":"subterranean stream","french":"cours d'eau souterrain","description":"مجرى مائي يمر عبر فجوة كبيرة جداً كالكهف أو كالمغارة أو مجموعة فجوات كبيرة متصلة فيما بينها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108477"},{"id":108478,"arabic":"نبع حار","english":"thermal spring","french":"source thermale","description":"نبع يعطي مياه حرارتها أعلى من درجة الحرارة السنوية الوسطية للمكان الذي ينبثق فيه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108478"},{"id":108479,"arabic":"نفوذية","english":"transmissivity","french":"transmissivité","description":"معدّل انتقال المياه عبر وحدة العرض لخزان المياه الجوفية ولوحدة التدرج الهيدروليكي. وهي تساوي حاصل ضرب الناقلية الهيدروليكية بسماكة الجزء المشبع من 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خزان المياه الجوفية في كمية المياه في المجرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108816"},{"id":108817,"arabic":"إصلاح","english":"reparation","french":"réparation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108817"},{"id":108818,"arabic":"إحْتِيَاط / مخزون","english":"reservation","french":"réservation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108818"},{"id":108819,"arabic":"قواعد سحب المياه من خزان","english":"reservoir release rules","french":"règles d'exploitation d'un réservoir","description":"القواعد التي تنظم طريقة استخراج كميات المياه من خزان لتلبية الطلب، وضمان الحماية في أسفل المجرى، وتوقع انخفاض التدفقات في المستقبل واعتبارات أخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108819"},{"id":108820,"arabic":"قرارات المنظمات الحكومية الدولية كمصدر للقانون الدولي للمياه","english":"resolutions of intergovernmental organizations","french":"résolutions des 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ومسوح ودراسات جدوى، وتنفيذ عمليات تفتيش ومراقبة على الإنشاءات، والتشغيل، والصيانة)، أو ذات طبيعة تنظيمية، كما يمكن أن تشمل تسوية النزاعات التي تنشأ بين دول المجرى المائي بشأن استخدام موارده، وذلك عن طريق تقصي الحقائق، والوساطة، والتوفيق والتسوية بمقتضى قرار له صفة الأحكام القضائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108825"},{"id":108826,"arabic":"قواعد موضوعية للقانون الدولي للمياه","english":"substantive rule","french":"règle matérielle","description":"قواعد موضوعية للقانون الدولي للمياه\nقواعد ملزمة في القانون الدولي العرفي أو التعاهدي تنشئ، وتحدد وتنظم حقوق والتزامات كل دولة من دول المجرى المائي إزاء الدول الأخرى. ويعد الاستخدام العادل والمعقول ومنع الضرر من أهم القواعد القانونية الدولية ذات الطبيعة الموضوعية في القانون الدولي للمياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108826"},{"id":108827,"arabic":"نظام طبقات المياه الجوفية العابرة للحدود","english":"transboundary aquifer (or transboundary aquifer system)","french":"aquifère 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حيز النفاذ على طبيعة الاتفاق، ويُحدّد في الاتفاق ذاته أو بناء على اتفاق بين الدول الأطراف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108830"},{"id":108831,"arabic":"الاتفاقيات العقدية","english":"treaty-contract","french":"traité-contrat","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108831"},{"id":108832,"arabic":"اتفاقية لجنة الأمم المتحدة الاقتصادية لأوروبا لحماية واستخدام مجاري المياه العابرة للحدود والبحيرات الدولية (1992)","english":"UNECE convention of the protection and use of transboundary watercourses and international lakes (Water Convention) (1992)","french":"convention UNECE sur la protection et l'utilisation des cours d'eau transfrontaliers et des lacs internationaux (Convention sur l'eau) (1992)","description":"اتفاقية لجنة الأمم المتحدة الاقتصادية لأوروبا لحماية واستخدام مجاري المياه العابرة للحدود والبحيرات الدولية (1992)\nهدف الاتفاقية هو تدعيم الإجراءات الوطنية لحماية وإدارة المياه السطحية والجوفية العابرة للحدود بطريقة تساعد في الحفاظ على البيئة. وهي تفرض على الدول العمل على ضبط تلوّث المياه وخفضه من مختلف المصادر. وتشمل الاتفاقية مواد بشأن الرصد، والبحث والتطوير، والتشاور، ونظم التنبيه والإنذار، والتعاون والدعم المتبادل، والترتيبات المؤسسية، وتبادل المعلومات وحمايتها، وإتاحتها للرأي العام.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108832"},{"id":108833,"arabic":"اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة حول استخدامات المجاري المائية الدولية في الأغراض غير الملاحية (1997)","english":"United Nations convention on the non-navigational uses of international watercourses (1997)","french":"convention des Nations Unies sur les utilisations autres que la navigation des cours d'eau internationaux (1997)","description":"الصك القانوني الدولي الوحيد في هذا المجال، وتُعنى بالتوفيق والمواءمة بين المصالح المتضاربة لدول المجرى المائي، وأكثرها تضارباً مصالح دول المنبع ومصالح دول المصب. وتشكل الاتفاقية إطارا قانونيا موحداً ومتسقا لتنظيم أنشطة الدول بشأن استخدام المجرى المائي الدولي وحمايته والحفاظ عليه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108833"},{"id":108834,"arabic":"اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة التصحر 1994","english":"United Nations convention to combat desertification (1994)","french":"convention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la désertification (1994)","description":"مكافحة التصحر ضروري لضمان استمرار إنتاجية الأراضي الجافة المسكونة. فالتصحر هو تدهور يصيب الأراضي في المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة، وينتج عن أعمال الإنسان وتغيّرات المناخ. وتهدف اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة التصحّر إلى حل مشاكل التصحر عن طريق البرامج المحلية المبتكرة والشراكات الدولية الداعمة. وتؤكد الاتفاقية على حق الدول الأطراف في مواصلة سياساتها الإنمائية والبيئية، مع الإقرار بضرورة اتخاذ الإجراءات الملائمة لمكافحة التصحر والجفاف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108834"},{"id":108835,"arabic":"حوكمة المياه","english":"water governance","french":"gouvernance de l'eau","description":"العمليات السياسية والاقتصادية والإدارية والمؤسسات التي من خلالها تتولى السلطات العامة والمجتمعات والقطاع الخاص اتخاذ قرارات حول أفضل الطرق لتنمية موارد المياه وإدارتها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108835"},{"id":108836,"arabic":"محكمة المياه","english":"water tribunal or court","french":"court et tribunal de l'eau","description":"في العديد من البلدان أنشئت بموجب قانون المياه محاكم خاصة تُعنى شؤون المياه، وهذه المحاكم هي إما فروع في محاكم قائمة من الدرجة الثانية أو في محاكم المناطق، مع قسم خاص للاستئناف يلحق بالمحكمة العليا.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108836"},{"id":108837,"arabic":"دولة المجرى المائي","english":"watercourse State","french":"Etat du cours d'eau","description":"دولة يقع ضمن أراضيها جزء من مجرى مائي دولي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108837"},{"id":108838,"arabic":"عاصفة مطر شديدة","english":"cloudburst","french":"averse torrentielle","description":"حالة تشهد مطراً شديد الغزارة لفترة زمنية قصيرة 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(DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108989"},{"id":108990,"arabic":"استبعاد","english":"disposal / removal / wastes, radioactive – storage of","french":"élimination [f.] / évacuation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108990"},{"id":108991,"arabic":"طُرُق تصريف النُّفايات","english":"disposal route","french":"filière d'élimination [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108991"},{"id":108992,"arabic":"متبقّيات جافّة","english":"dry residue","french":"résidu sec [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108992"},{"id":108993,"arabic":"سَيْر مُجفِّف","english":"dryer, belt","french":"séchoir à bande [m.]","description":"تجهيزة للتجفيف الحراري للحمأة منزوعة المياه والحمأة المُكثفة، يتم فيها بشكل مُستمر نقل المواد المُراد تجفيفها عن طريق سير يمر عبر حُجرة تدفئة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108993"},{"id":108994,"arabic":"مجراف تجفيف","english":"dryer, flight/panel","french":"séchoir à aubes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108994"},{"id":108995,"arabic":"تصريف النُّفايات","english":"elimination","french":"élimination [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108995"},{"id":108996,"arabic":"مِكْبَس ترشيح","english":"filter press","french":"filtre presse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108996"},{"id":108997,"arabic":"فرشة مميَّعة","english":"fluidised bed","french":"lit fluidisé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108997"},{"id":108998,"arabic":"مُفاعِل ذو فرشة مميعة","english":"fluidized bed reactor","french":"réacteur à lit fluidisé [m.]","description":"مُفاعل غشائيّ حيويّ، مُزود بطبقة من الجُسيمات التي تظل طافية بفعل التدفق الصاعد للسائل و/أو الغاز.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108998"},{"id":108999,"arabic":"رَماد مُتطايِر","english":"fly-ash","french":"cendres volantes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108999"},{"id":109000,"arabic":"بُنْيَة (إدارة)","english":"formation; structure","french":"structuration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109000"},{"id":109001,"arabic":"مَرْحَلة تغرّي الطمي","english":"gluey phase","french":"phase d’adhérence [f.]","description":"مرحلة تتسم باللزوجة في مسار عملية تجفيف حمأة معالجة مياه الصرف، ويرجع سببها إلى الإجهاد الميكانيكي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109001"},{"id":109002,"arabic":"حَمْأَة ناجمة عن غسل الرمل","english":"grit washing sludge","french":"boue résultant du lavage du sable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109002"},{"id":109003,"arabic":"مُنحنى انحسار المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater recession curve","french":"courbe de diminution d’eau souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109003"},{"id":109004,"arabic":"مستودع مؤقّت","english":"intermediate dump; depot, intermediate","french":"dépôt intermédiaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109004"},{"id":109005,"arabic":"مقلب نُفايات مُتعدد الأغراض","english":"landfill, multi-disposal","french":"décharge polyvalente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109005"},{"id":109006,"arabic":"ترتيب من حيث القيمة أو الحجم","english":"magnitude / order of magnitude","french":"grandeur [f.]","description":"الحمأة الناتجة عن عملية ترسيب و/ أو عملية تكتيل (تحوصب). (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109006"},{"id":109007,"arabic":"إدارة (أعمال)","english":"management","french":"direction [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109007"},{"id":109008,"arabic":"هواء ثانويّ","english":"overfire air; secondary air (grate)","french":"air secondaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109008"},{"id":109009,"arabic":"تكييف لاحِق للحمأة","english":"post conditioning of sludge","french":"conditionnement complémentaire de boue [m.]","description":"مُعالجة الحمأة فيزيائياً أو كيميائياً أو حرارياً أو بطريقة أخرى، وذلك بعد إجراء عملية تصريف المياه منها، وذلك بهدف تسهيل التخلّص من الحمأة أو إعادة استخدامها. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109009"},{"id":109010,"arabic":"إعادة تدوير","english":"recovery; recycling","french":"revalorisation [f.]; recyclage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109010"},{"id":109011,"arabic":"استفادة من المخلَّفات","english":"residue recycling","french":"recyclage de résidus [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109011"},{"id":109012,"arabic":"مقاومة نوعية لترشيح الحمأة","english":"resistance to filtration, specific","french":"résistance à la filtration, spécifique [f.]","description":"مقياس قدرة تصريف الماء من الحمأة تحت ضغط مُحدد. رمز المُعادلات: r. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109012"},{"id":109013,"arabic":"إدارة مُستجمع النهر","english":"river basin management","french":"gestion du bassin d'un fleuve [f.]","description":"(انظر: حَمْأَة مُختلِطة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109013"},{"id":109014,"arabic":"إدارة مُستمرة لحوض النهر","english":"river basin management, sustainable","french":"gestion de bassin fluviale, durable [f.]","description":"إدارة حوض النهر هو نهج مُتخصص لتخطيط الأراضي وإدارة المسطحات المائية وحمايتها. وبالتالي يمكن تخفيض الأثار السلبية التي تتعرض لها المُسطحات المائية أو تدفق المياه بها بالقرب من المصادر المُسببة لذلك. وبإلغاء لائحة الاتحاد الأوروبي الخاصة بإطار إدارة المياه، قام الاتحاد الأوروبي في عام 2000 بوضع وتحديد لوائح جديدة خاصة بإدارة أحواض الأنهار، تكون مُلزمة لدول أوروبا. وتتطلب القوانين الأوربية وكذلك القومية الآن تنسيقاً بين الدول ووضع خطط إدارة مُتكاملة. وقد أصبحت حماية المياه بوصفها موئلاً للنباتات والحيوانات، وحماية موارد مياه الشرب والسيطرة على الفيضانات هدفاً مهماً للسياسة البيئية الأوروبية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109014"},{"id":109015,"arabic":"محطة نهرية لتوليد الطاقة","english":"river power plant","french":"centrale fluviale [f.]","description":"محطة طاقة كهرومائية مُنشاة في مجرى النهر. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109015"},{"id":109016,"arabic":"عَصّارة مُزوَّدة بمُنْخُل مُتحرِّك","english":"screen-press / travelling screen","french":"presse transporteuse à tamis sans fin [f.]","description":"ماكينة تعمل على استخلاص الماء من حمأة مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109016"},{"id":109017,"arabic":"تسميد الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge composting","french":"compostage des boues d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109017"},{"id":109018,"arabic":"نِظام نقّال لتصفية الماء من الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge dewatering, mobile","french":"déshydratation des boues d'épuration, mobile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109018"},{"id":109019,"arabic":"تعقيم الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge disinfection","french":"désinfection des boues d'épuration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109019"},{"id":109020,"arabic":"فُرْن حرق الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge incinerator","french":"installation d'incinération des boues d'épuration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109020"},{"id":109021,"arabic":"بَسْتَرة الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge pasteurisation","french":"pasteurisation des boues d'épuration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109021"},{"id":109022,"arabic":"مُعالَجة الحمأة (الناتجة عن مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ)","english":"sewage sludge treatment","french":"traitement des boues d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109022"},{"id":109023,"arabic":"مُعالَجة الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge treatment","french":"traitement des boues d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109023"},{"id":109024,"arabic":"حَمْأَة قنوات الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewerage sludge","french":"boue de curage de réseaux [f.]","description":"الحمأة المفصولة عن مياه الصرف الصحيّ في أنظمة صرف المياه (من أنظمة الخلط والفصل).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109024"},{"id":109025,"arabic":"حَوْض الحمأة","english":"sludge basin","french":"bassin de boue","description":"حوض يتم فيه تصريف المياه بطريقة طبيعية من الحمأة المُستقرة. (انظر: [حوض (ترسيب) الحمأة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110450)) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109025"},{"id":109026,"arabic":"توصيف الحمأة","english":"sludge characterisation","french":"caractérisation des boues [f.]","description":"توصيف خواص الحمأة الفيزيائية والميكانيكية والكيميائية والعضوية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109026"},{"id":109027,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُختلِطة","english":"sludge compost; sludge, composted","french":"boue compostée [f.]","description":"الحمأة المُتحوّلة من عملية التخمير إلى صورة مُستقرة، وهي تكون صالحة للاستخدام. (انظر: [كومبوست الحمأة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102004)) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109027"},{"id":109028,"arabic":"انضغاطية الحمأة","english":"sludge compressibility","french":"compressibilité d’une boue [f.]","description":"مقياسٌ لتغيُّر المُقاومة النوعية للترشيح الخاصة بالحمأة، وذلك ارتباطاً بقيمة الضغط. رمز المُعادلات: s (DIN 4048:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109028"},{"id":109029,"arabic":"تكييف الحمأة","english":"sludge conditioning","french":"conditionnement de boue [m.]","description":"مُعالجة فيزيائية أو كيميائية أو حرارية أو نوع آخر من أنواع مُعالجة الحمأة، وتُجرى بهدف تحسين قابلية تصريف المياه منها. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109029"},{"id":109030,"arabic":"التَخلُّص من الحمأة","english":"sludge disposal","french":"évacuation de boue [f.]","description":"التخلّص من الحمأة غير المُستخدمة. (انظر: تَخلُّص من الحمأة) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109030"},{"id":109031,"arabic":"فَرْشَة تجفيف الحمأة","english":"sludge drying bed","french":"lit de séchage [m.]","description":"محطة تُستخدم في نزع الماء من الحمأة، وأحياناً لتجفيفها عن طريق الصرف أو التبخّر. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109031"},{"id":109032,"arabic":"حَرْق الحمأة","english":"sludge incineration","french":"incinération de boue [f.]","description":"عملية أكسدة عالية الحرارة للمواد العضوية الموجودة في الحمأة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109032"},{"id":109033,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس منسوب الحمأة","english":"sludge level measurement device","french":"appareil de mesure du niveau de boue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109033"},{"id":109034,"arabic":"بَسْتَرَة الحمأة","english":"sludge pasteurisation","french":"pasteurisation de boue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109034"},{"id":109035,"arabic":"ترسيب الحمأة","english":"sludge storage","french":"entreposage de boue","description":"(انظر: [طَمْر الحمأة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109045))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109035"},{"id":109036,"arabic":"مُعالَجة الحمأة","english":"sludge treatment","french":"traitement de boue","description":"كافة مراحل مُعالجة الحمأة سواء لاستخدامها أو للتخلص منها. ويندرج تحت هذه المراحل: التكثيف، والاستقرار، والتكييف، والتحليل المائيّ الحراريّ، والصرف، والتجفيف، والتعقيم، والحرق. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109036"},{"id":109037,"arabic":"معالجة هوائية للحمأة","english":"sludge treatment, aerobic","french":"digestion aérobe de boue (traitement aérobe de boue)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109037"},{"id":109038,"arabic":"مُعالَجة الحمأة بالتخمر الهوائيّ الحراري","english":"sludge treatment, aerobic-thermophile","french":"digestion de boue aérobie-thermophile","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109038"},{"id":109039,"arabic":"استخدام الحمأة","english":"sludge utilisation","french":"utilisation des boues","description":"إعادة استخدام الحمأة في أغراض بيئية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109039"},{"id":109040,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُهيّأة","english":"sludge, conditioned","french":"boue conditionnée [f.]","description":"حمأة تمت مُعالجتها كيميائياً أو فيزيائيأ، بهدف تسهيل عملية نزع الماء منها. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109040"},{"id":109041,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مختمِرة","english":"sludge, digested / sludge, anaerobically digested","french":"boue digérée par voie anaérobie [f.]","description":"1- الحمأة الناتجة عن عملية التحلل في المجاري المائية. 2- الحمأة المُعالجة هوائياً في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ (حمأة الصرف الصحيّ)، التي يصدر منها كبريتيد الهيدروجين، والأمونيا، وغاز ثاني أكسيد الكربون، والميثان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109041"},{"id":109042,"arabic":"حَمْأَة صناعية (ناتجة عن المصانع)","english":"sludge, industrial","french":"boues industrielles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109042"},{"id":109043,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُعقَّمة","english":"sludge, pasteurized","french":"boue pasteurisée [f.]","description":"حمأة تمت مُعالجتها عند درجة حرارة مُرتفعة نسبياً (80 مئوية تقريباً) لمُدة كافية، والغرض من هذه المُعالجة الحرارية هو تثبيت نشاط الكائنات الحية الدقيقة وعلى الأخص المُسببة للأمراض، أو تقليل عددها إلى نسبة مُحددة. ودرجة الحرارة 80 °س مجرد مثال، حيث يمكن استعمال درجات حرارة أخرى تبعاً لتغيّر المُدة ودرجة الحرارة والظروف المُحيطة. (انظر: حَمْأَة مُعقَّمة) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109043"},{"id":109044,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مستقرة حرارياً","english":"sludge, thermally stabilized","french":"boue stabilisée par voie thermique [f.]","description":"حمأة مُستقرة بفعل إجراء عمليات حرارية عليها. (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109044"},{"id":109045,"arabic":"طَمْر الحمأة","english":"spoil dump","french":"décharge de boue [f.]","description":"تراكم الحمأة دون استغلالها. (انظر: ترسيب الحمأة) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109045"},{"id":109046,"arabic":"شاحنة نشر الحمأة المجففة","english":"spreader vehicle for dewatered sewage sludge","french":"véhicule d'épandage pour boues d'épuration déshydratées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109046"},{"id":109047,"arabic":"مُواصَفة قياسية مُنسَّقة","english":"standard, harmonized","french":"norme harmonisée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109047"},{"id":109048,"arabic":"مَعْمَل مُعالَجة حرارية","english":"thermal treatment plant","french":"installation de traitement thermique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109048"},{"id":109049,"arabic":"مِضخّة الحمأة الغليظة الخاصة بالحمأة المختمرة","english":"thick material pump for primary sludge","french":"pompe à liquides épais pour boues putréfiées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109049"},{"id":109050,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُغلَّظة","english":"thickened sludge","french":"boue épaisse [f.]","description":"البقايا المُنفصلة عن خلائط غَرَوِيَّة، والتي تحتوي على نسبة عالية من المواد الصلبة الجافة. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109050"},{"id":109051,"arabic":"مُعالَجة حمأة مياه الصرف المحلية","english":"treatment of municipal sewage sludge","french":"traitement des boues communales clarifiées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109051"},{"id":109052,"arabic":"استغلال","english":"utilisation/ recycling","french":"utilisation [f.] / mise en valeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109052"},{"id":109053,"arabic":"إعادة استخدام الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ في الأغراض الزراعية","english":"utilization of sewage sludge, agricultural","french":"utilisation des boues d'épuration à des fins agricoles [f.] / valorisation agricole des boues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109053"},{"id":109054,"arabic":"مواد قابلة لإعادة التدوير","english":"valuable material / potential recyclable","french":"matière de valeur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109054"},{"id":109055,"arabic":"مِضخّة جريان حر","english":"vortex pump","french":"pompe Vortex","description":"الرواسب الصلبة أو العجينية التي تتكوّن بواسطة الترشيح عند تصريف الروبة (الحمأة).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109055"},{"id":109056,"arabic":"‌أكسدة رَطبة","english":"wet oxidation","french":"combustion par voie humide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109056"},{"id":109057,"arabic":"مُخلّفات المدن","english":"urban waste; municipal waste","french":"déchets urbains [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109057"},{"id":109058,"arabic":"مَسار الصدأ","english":"grate path","french":"parcours de grille","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109058"},{"id":109059,"arabic":"بَوّاَبة مَفْصِلية","english":"hinged gate","french":"fermeture articulée [f.]","description":"عمليات مُعالجة المُخلّفات والتخلّص منها، أو حتى وصولها إلى حيث يُعاد استعمالها أو تحضيرها لإعادة استعمالها. (DIN EN 14943:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109059"},{"id":109060,"arabic":"مسؤول عن المُخلّفات","english":"owner of waste","french":"propriétaire des déchets","description":"الجهة المُنتجة للمُخلّفات، أو الشخص الطبيعي أو المُمثل القانوني الذي تقع في حوزته هذه المُخلّفات. (مواصفة الاتحاد الأوربي 2008/98/EG)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109060"},{"id":109061,"arabic":"مَنْع حدوث الفَقْد","english":"prevention of losses","french":"prévention des pertes [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109061"},{"id":109062,"arabic":"مُخلَّفات","english":"refuse; waste","french":"déchet [m.]","description":"كل المواد التي يتم التخلّص منها، أو يُراد التخلّص منها، أو يلزم التخلّص منها (مواصفة الاتحاد الأوربي 2008/98/EG). ومنها مواد يُمكن إعادة استعمالها مرة أخرى، ومواد يلزم التخلّص منها نهائياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109062"},{"id":109063,"arabic":"مفيض سيفونيّ","english":"siphon spillway","french":"déversoir à siphon [m.]","description":"مجموعة عمليات مُنسقة تشمل تجميع المُخلّفات ونقلها وإعادة استخدامها والتخلّص منها نهائياً، بما في ذلك مُراقبة هذه العمليات، ومُتابعة مُستودعات التخلّص من المُخلّفات، وتنسحب كذلك الدور الذي يقوم به التُجّار والوسطاء في هذه العمليات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109063"},{"id":109064,"arabic":"حاوية للمُخلّفات","english":"waste bin","french":"poubelle","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109064"},{"id":109065,"arabic":"مُنتج المُخلّفات","english":"waste generator","french":"générateur de déchets [m.]; producteur de déchets [m.]","description":"أي شخص يتسبب عند قيامه بعمل ما في إنتاج مُخلّفات (المُنتج الأول، المُنتج الأخير)، أو أي شخص يقوم بعمليات مُعالجة أوّلية أو خلط أو خلافه، تتسبب في تغيّر طبيعة هذه المٌخلّفات أو تكوّنها. (مواصفة الاتحاد الأوربي 2008/98/EG)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109065"},{"id":109066,"arabic":"إدارة المُخلّفات","english":"waste management","french":"gestion des déchets [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109066"},{"id":109067,"arabic":"نُفايات البلديات","english":"waste, municipal","french":"déchets des unités résidentielles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109067"},{"id":109068,"arabic":"مُحاذاة","english":"alignment","french":"tracé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109068"},{"id":109069,"arabic":"لدائن مُقوّاة بألياف زجاجية","english":"glass-fibre reinforced plastic (FGRP)","french":"plastique renforcé de fibres de verre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109069"},{"id":109070,"arabic":"معدِّل مُوائم","english":"adaptor; transition piece","french":"adapteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109070"},{"id":109071,"arabic":"جَيْب هوائيّ","english":"air pocket","french":"inclusion d’air [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109071"},{"id":109072,"arabic":"مِنطقة صَمَّاء (غير مُنْفِذَة)","english":"area / surface, paved","french":"zone, consolidée [f.]","description":"الأجزاء الثابتة وغير المُنفذة الخاصة بمنطقة الصرف التابعة لها. رمز المُعادلات: [E,b\r\n\t\t\t\t](http://www.arabterm.org/None)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109072"},{"id":109073,"arabic":"مِنطقة نَفوذَة","english":"area, permeable","french":"surface, perméable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109073"},{"id":109074,"arabic":"تبطين خرسانيّ من الأسمنت والبيتومين","english":"asphaltic concrete surface","french":"revêtement en béton asphaltique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109074"},{"id":109075,"arabic":"جمعية ضمان جودة إنشاء شبكات الصرف الصحيّ","english":"association for Quality assurance sewer construction","french":"Association pour la protection de la qualité de construction [f.]","description":"صيغة مُختصرة لـ'جمعية ضمان جودة صناعة وصيانة أنابيب وقنوات الصرف الصحيّ'. وهي منظومة مُكوَّنة من المُقاولين والمُوكّلين بالعمل لاختبار الشركات، بهدف تأكّد المُقاولين من كفاءة المُوكّلين بالعمل. وتهدف جمعية ضمان الجودة إلى تطوير سَلامة البِيئة فيما يخص قنوات الصرف الصحيّ، وذلك بغرض مُقاومة تلوّث المياه الجوفية والأراضي بفعل تسريب القنوات، ولحماية الناس من المخاطر الناجمة عن الأعمال التي يُجريها غير المُتخصصين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109075"},{"id":109076,"arabic":"مُوصَّل","english":"attached / connected / joined","french":"se brancher sur qc.","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109076"},{"id":109077,"arabic":"مدّ الأنابيب بالضغط والحفر الأفقيّ","english":"auger boring","french":"forage à la tarière [m.]","description":"عملية يتم فيها تفكيك التُربة بواسطة رأس حفر دوّار، ثم إزالة تلك التُربة المُفككة بواسطة لولب. وفي الوقت نفسه، وبمعزل عن اللولب، يُسحب الأنبوب إلى موضعه في داخل النفق المُتشكل. بعض الآلات تكون لها قدرة تحكّم محدودة. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109077"},{"id":109078,"arabic":"تصريف أقصى الاحتياجات","english":"authorised discharge / designed full supply discharge","french":"plein débit","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109078"},{"id":109079,"arabic":"وسيلة مُساعِدة","english":"auxiliary means / auxiliary tools","french":"moyen auxiliaire [m.]","description":"المُخلّفات الآدمية والحيوانية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109079"},{"id":109080,"arabic":"مَخْلَص طوارئ","english":"auxiliary overflow","french":"évacuateur de secours","description":"رشح وتخلّل مياه الصرف من نظام صرف إلى باطن الأرض، مثلاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109080"},{"id":109081,"arabic":"معدل التدفق","english":"average flow","french":"débit moyen [m.]","description":"مُتوسط كمية التيار المائي المُتدفق في فترة زمنية مُعينة. وحدة القياس: لتر/ثانية، أو م3/ثانية، أو م3/ساعة. (انظر: مُتوسط الدفق الداخل، [مُتوسط السريان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103284))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109081"},{"id":109082,"arabic":"رَدْم","english":"backfill","french":"remblayage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109082"},{"id":109083,"arabic":"رَدْم","english":"backfill","french":"remblayage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109083"},{"id":109084,"arabic":"ركام","english":"backfill","french":"remblayage [m.]","description":"منظومة تعمل على تصريف مياه الصرف الصحيّ، مثل قنوات الصرف، وخطوط الصرف، وخطوط الصرف العاملة بالضغط. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109084"},{"id":109085,"arabic":"مَنسُوب المياه المُرتدّة","english":"backflow level","french":"niveau de refoulement","description":"أعلى منسوب يُمكن أن تصل إليه المياه المرتدة في شبكة صرف. (DIN EN 12056-1:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109085"},{"id":109086,"arabic":"مياه مرتدة","english":"backwater / impoundage, storage","french":"remous [m.]","description":"زيادة منسوب المياه وارتدادها نتيجةً لوجود عوائق التدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109086"},{"id":109087,"arabic":"مُنحنى المياه المُرتدة","english":"backwater level","french":"niveau de refoulement","description":"منسوب مياه الصرف الفعليّ أو المحسوب مُسبقاً في نظام صرف، والناجم عن الظروف الهيدرولية التي تحدث في اتجاه مصدر المياه (المنبع). (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109087"},{"id":109088,"arabic":"تنظيف بالكُرات","english":"ball cleaning","french":"nettoyage avec une balle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109088"},{"id":109089,"arabic":"شبكة النفايات الغليظة","english":"bar screen","french":"grosse grille [f.]","description":"1- في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولية للأغراض الزراعية، تجهيزات منظومة ريّ بالرشاشات لتخليص المنظومة من المواد الملوثة الحبيبية التي يُمكن أن تتسبب في سد فتحات الري. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983)) 2- في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، تجهيزة تعمل على فصل المواد الصلبة من تيار مياه عادمة عن طريق إعاقتها عند القضبان يدوياً أو ميكانيكياً، أوعند الأسرة الجارية، أوالأقراص أو الأسطوانات الدوّارة المُكوّنة من أقراص معدنية مُثقبة أو أسلاك. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109089"},{"id":109090,"arabic":"سدّ السلة","english":"basket dam","french":"digue à enveloppe de grillage remplie de pierres","description":"في محطات الضغط الخوائي الخاصة بشبكات الصرف، هي تجهيزات ميكانيكية لنقل مياه الصرف الملوّثة من شبكة الصرف ذات الضغط الخوائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109090"},{"id":109091,"arabic":"بالوعة حمّام","english":"bath drainage","french":"tuyau de bain [m.]","description":"بالوعة أرضية مُزوّدة بكوع لمنع تسرّب الروائح ذو سدادة جانبية، يمكن عندها ربط تجهيزة صحية واحدة على الأقل، مثل البانيو، أو حوض الدوش، أو حوض غسل اليدين. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109091"},{"id":109092,"arabic":"ماء الاستحمام","english":"bath water / bathing water","french":"eaux de bain (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109092"},{"id":109093,"arabic":"قياس متوسط ارتفاع الماء عن الفرشة","english":"bed building stage of river / mean water stage of river","french":"niveau de rivière, formant lit, moyen [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109093"},{"id":109094,"arabic":"انحدار القاع","english":"bed slope; sewer base slope","french":"pente de fond [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مَيْل القاعدة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109543))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109094"},{"id":109095,"arabic":"مُعامِل تمديد الأنابيب","english":"bedding factor","french":"facteur de pose [m.]","description":"النسبة بين حمولة الأنبوب الحسابية القصوى في ظروف تمديد مُحددة، وبين حمولة الاختبار التي تؤدي إلى نشوء عزم انحناء مُماثل. (DIN EN 1295-1:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109095"},{"id":109096,"arabic":"دُرْج","english":"benching","french":"ancrage à redans","description":"مساطيح على شكل درجات أو مصاطب تتكوّن تحت قيعان القنوات وتحت قواعد ضفافها عند انشائها في الرديم، وذلك لخلق رباط قوي بين الأعمال الترابية والأرض الطبيعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109096"},{"id":109097,"arabic":"دَرَجَ","english":"benching","french":"banquette [f.]","description":"سطح أفقي ثابت مُلاصق لبئر، أو لفتحة فحص أو لقناة كبيرة لتصريف المياه، ويمكن المشي عليه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109097"},{"id":109098,"arabic":"مِسطاح","english":"benching / berm / berm, inside","french":"berme [f.]","description":"رف يوضع بشكل أفقي في الحاجز الجانبي لمجرى مائي. (انظر: بنكيت خلفيّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109098"},{"id":109099,"arabic":"مياه سوداء","english":"blackwater","french":"eaux noires (pl.) [f.]; eaux usées sanitaires (pl.) [f.]; eaux vannes (pl.) [f.]","description":"مياه الصرف الصحي المنزلية التي تحتوي على براز وبول فقط. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109099"},{"id":109100,"arabic":"خندق حدوديّ","english":"boundary trench","french":"fossé de séparation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109100"},{"id":109101,"arabic":"حدّ أملس","english":"boundary, smooth","french":"paroi, lisse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109101"},{"id":109102,"arabic":"عَرْض الوُصْلة","english":"branch diameter","french":"diamètre de branchement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109102"},{"id":109103,"arabic":"وصلة تهوية أنبوب التوصيل","english":"branch vent pipe","french":"ventilation de raccordement [f.]","description":"أنبوب تهوية مُتصل بأنبوب توصيل. (DIN EN 12056-1:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109103"},{"id":109104,"arabic":"مَقْطَع قابل للازالة","english":"breaching section","french":"section d’éclatement [f.]","description":"مُصطلح يُستعمل في هندسة المياه أحياناً للدلالة على ''مخلص أوتوماتي''، خصوصاً عند بناء حاجز مُنخفض فوق قاعدة مُسطحة على حافة حوض الخزان بقصد اكتساحه عندما تصل المياه إلى ارتفاع في المخلص قد يصبح خطيراً. كما يُطلق هذا المُصطلح أيضاً على حالات مُماثلة في قناة. (انظر: سِداد واقٍ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109104"},{"id":109105,"arabic":"بطانة بالطوب","english":"brick lining","french":"revêtement maçonné [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109105"},{"id":109106,"arabic":"تبطين بالطوب","english":"brick lining","french":"revêtement en brique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109106"},{"id":109107,"arabic":"حَنيٌ","english":"buckling","french":"flambage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109107"},{"id":109108,"arabic":"مادة تَصَدٍّ","english":"buffer","french":"tampon [m.]","description":"1. حجم المياه المُتدفقة عبر فوهة تصريف المضخة، حيث يُساهم هذا الحجم مع صافي ضاغط المص الموجب (NPSH) في قياس مُعدَّل الضخّ (مُنحنى الأداء). 2. نسبة تصريف مياه الصرف من مضخة مياه الصرف الصحيّ التي تقدر باللتر/ثانية. رمز المُعادلات: Qp، وحدة القياس: لتر/ثانية (DIN EN 12056-1:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109108"},{"id":109109,"arabic":"سعة التصدي","english":"buffer capacity","french":"capacité tampon [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109109"},{"id":109110,"arabic":"بِطانة مركبة","english":"built-up lining","french":"revêtement composite [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109110"},{"id":109111,"arabic":"انزلاق دفقيّ","english":"buoyant","french":"flottant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109111"},{"id":109112,"arabic":"انكسار الأنبوب","english":"burst pipe","french":"rupture de tuyau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109112"},{"id":109113,"arabic":"طريقة التفجير","english":"bursting procedure/method","french":"procédés d'éclatement [m.]","description":"طريقة تهدف إلى تجديد خطوط الأنابيب في المسارات الموجودة بالفعل دون اللجوء إلى عمليات حفر (طريقة التفجير). وتقوم كل طرق التفجير على دفع قوى في الأنابيب القديمة بواسطة جسم مُتفجر، بحيث تنكسر الماسورة وتُستبدل في موقعها بشكل نصف قطري، ويتم إحلال الأنابيب الجديدة أو أنابيب الحماية ذات نفس الأبعاد أو أبعاد أوسع بشكل مُباشر في المقطع الجديد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109113"},{"id":109114,"arabic":"تحويلة مسقط مائيّ","english":"bypass of a drop-structure","french":"prise d'essai [f.]; seuil [m.]","description":"في هندسة مياه الصرف الصحي، وصلة أنبوبية للتغلب على تفاوت الارتفاع في مسقط مائي قبل وصول الماء إلى نقطة الارتطام مباشرةً، وذلك لتصريف التدفقات الصغيرة. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109114"},{"id":109115,"arabic":"صِمام جانبيّ","english":"bypass valve; filling valve","french":"vanne de dérivation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109115"},{"id":109116,"arabic":"تخطيط المجاري والقنوات","english":"canalisation; sewerage","french":"canalisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109116"},{"id":109117,"arabic":"وحدة تغطية مُدمجة","english":"capping unit","french":"Dispositif de fermeture combiné","description":"أحد مُكوّنات بئر مَصرف المَجاري (الفوهة)، وله لوح تغطية مُدمج. (DIN EN 1917:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109117"},{"id":109118,"arabic":"إجماليّ نسبة الكربون المُترابط بشكل غير عضوي","english":"carbon, total inorganic","french":"carbone anorganique total [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109118"},{"id":109119,"arabic":"مصرف تجميع","english":"carrier drain","french":"drain collecteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109119"},{"id":109120,"arabic":"مخلص مُدَرَّج ","english":"cascade spillway; stepped spillway","french":"évacuateur à gradins","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109120"},{"id":109121,"arabic":"سَطْح تجميع","english":"catching surface","french":"surface de réception [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109121"},{"id":109122,"arabic":"مستجمع فوق الأرض","english":"catchment area, surface","french":"bassin hydrologique, superficielle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109122"},{"id":109123,"arabic":"تبطين بخرسانة أسمنتية","english":"cement concrete lining; Portland cement concrete lining","french":"revêtement en béton de ciment","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109123"},{"id":109124,"arabic":"علامات محورية","english":"centre mark","french":"repère de l'axe","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109124"},{"id":109125,"arabic":"حفرة مرحاضية","english":"Cesspit","french":"fosse d'aisances [f.]","description":"حُفرة تقع بجوار المنزل، وتتجمع فيها الفضلات القادمة من المراحيض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109125"},{"id":109126,"arabic":"بئر ترسيب","english":"cesspit / cesspool","french":"fosse de décantation [f.]","description":"حوض، يُحفر أو يُبنى في الغالب أسفل سطح الأرض، ويكون مُغطىً ومعزولاً. وتتجمع فيه مياه الصرف الصحي التي لا تٌوجّه إلى شبكة الصرف العامة. وعلى عكس بالوعة المراحيض، فإن بئر الترسيب لا يكون لها مصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109126"},{"id":109127,"arabic":"حفرة تجميع","english":"cesspit; cesspool","french":"fosse étanche [f.]","description":"خزّان مُنشأ في باطن الأرض، ويكون غير مُنفذ للمياه وبدون مصرف، يُستخدم لتجميع المياه المُتسخة (مياه الصرف) من المنازل السكنية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109127"},{"id":109128,"arabic":"مجرور","english":"cesspit; cesspool","french":"puits drainant","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109128"},{"id":109129,"arabic":"فواقد قناة الصرف","english":"channel loss","french":"perte de canal [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109129"},{"id":109130,"arabic":"مَقْطَع مُستعرِض لقناة صرْف","english":"channel profile","french":"profil de canal (profil d'un canal) [m.]; section d'un collecteur [f.]","description":"شكل المقطع المُستعرض لقناة صرف، كأن يكون دائرياً، أو بيضاوياً، أو فموياً. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109130"},{"id":109131,"arabic":"مرحاض كيميائيّ (تستخدم فيه المواد الكيماوية للتعقيم ومكافحة الروائح)","english":"chemical toilet","french":"cabinet d'aisances à produits chimiques, WC chimique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109131"},{"id":109132,"arabic":"هدّار 'سيبولتي'","english":"Cipolletti weir / trapezoidal weir","french":"déversoir de jaugeage selon Cipoletti (avec découpe en trapèze) [m.]","description":"هدّار قياس مُتقلص ذو عتبة حادة، كل من جانبي ثلمته له ميل أفقي إلى رأسي نسبته 4:1 لمُعادلة تقلّصات الحافة. وتسميته منسوبة إلى المهندس الإيطالي سيزار سيبولتي (Cesare Cipoletti). (الاتحاد الألماني لشؤون الغاز والمياه: DVGW)1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109132"},{"id":109133,"arabic":"دِرْع تنظيف","english":"cleaning shield","french":"bouclier de nettoyage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109133"},{"id":109134,"arabic":"نِظام تنقية قنوات تخزين مياه المجاري","english":"cleaning system for sewer storage spaces","french":"système de nettoyage pour les collecteurs de stockage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109134"},{"id":109135,"arabic":"قطر صافي","english":"clear diameter / clear opening","french":"diamètre intérieur","description":"الأبعاد الداخلية (الفعلية) للأنابيب، والوصلات، وأغطية آبار التفتيش، وما إلى ذلك، والتي تُستخدم مثلاً لتحديد القيمة الحقيقية للمقطع المُستعرض (المساحة، والمُحيط،، إلخ). يُشار إليه بالرمز: LW رمز المُعادلات: i\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109135"},{"id":109136,"arabic":"تجهيزة صعود","english":"climibing device","french":"dispositifs d'ascension","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109136"},{"id":109137,"arabic":"سَدَّ (خط أنابيب)","english":"clog (to) (pipeline)","french":"boucher (tube)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109137"},{"id":109138,"arabic":"تبطين دون فراغات","english":"close fit","french":"ajustement","description":"عملية تستهدف تجديد مجاري الصرف الصحي والقنوات، حيث يتم تركيب خط أنابيب جديد مُسبق الصنع، في داخل شبكة الصرف تجري عليها هذه العملية، وفي نهاية هذا العمل تكون الأسطح الخارجية للأنابيب المُمدّة مُلاصقة للأسطح الداخلية لشبكة الأنابيب القديمة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109138"},{"id":109139,"arabic":"كُسْوَة خارجية","english":"coating","french":"revêtement extérieur [m.]","description":"مادة تُبسط بشكل إضافي على السطح الخارجي لجزء من شبكة أنابيب، وذلك لحمايته من الصدأ ومن الأضرار الناجمة عن العوامل والتأثيرات الميكانيكية والكيميائية. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109139"},{"id":109140,"arabic":"مُعامِل التماسك","english":"coefficient of consolidation","french":"coefficient de consolidation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109140"},{"id":109141,"arabic":"انهيار","english":"collapse","french":"effondrement [m.]","description":"طريقة يُستخدم فيها دلو في قنوات الصرف، أو جهاز آخر، حيث يجرى سحبه عبر أنابيب أو قنوات الصرف بواسطة ونش صغير يعمل بالبكرات، وذلك لإزالة العوائق أو الترسّبات الموجودة بها. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109141"},{"id":109142,"arabic":"حلقة","english":"collar","french":"manchon [m.]; pièce de raccordement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109142"},{"id":109143,"arabic":"حُجرة تجميع","english":"collecting chamber; collection sump","french":"espace de collecte","description":"حيّز في مصرف منزليّ لتجميع مياه صرف المنزل، ويتسع لكمية مياه تكفي لفتح صمام الشفط. (DIN EN 1092:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109143"},{"id":109144,"arabic":"حوض تجميع أوّلي","english":"collecting container / collecting tank","french":"réservoir collecteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109144"},{"id":109145,"arabic":"مُجمِّع","english":"collector","french":"collecteur","description":"1. يُطلق هذا المُصطلح في هندسة الصرف الصحيّ على القناة التي تستقبل مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُحوّلة من نطاقات جزئية (ويوجد منه على سبيل المثال مُجمّعات فرعية، ومُجمّعات رئيسية). (DIN 4045:2003) 2. في مجال هندسة المياه للأغراض الزراعية يُطلق مُصطلح 'مُجمّع' على المصرف الذي يستمد المياه من الشفاطات، ويحوّلها عادةً إلى المجرى. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109145"},{"id":109146,"arabic":"مصرف تجميع","english":"collector; manifold","french":"collecteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109146"},{"id":109147,"arabic":"عَرَبَة مُدمجة للتنظيف والشفط بالضغط العالي","english":"combined high-pressure flushing and suction vehicle","french":"véhicule combiné pour le curage à haute pression et d’aspiration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109147"},{"id":109148,"arabic":"مَخْلَص المياه المختلطة","english":"combined sewage spillway","french":"déversoir d'eau unitaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109148"},{"id":109149,"arabic":"مفيض لمياه الأمطار","english":"combined sewer overflow","french":"ouvrage de décharge des eaux de pluie (déversoir) [m.]","description":"تجهيزة في نظام الخلط، تقوم بتصريف الفائض من النظام هيدرولياً. (انظر: [مفيض مياه الأمطار](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109150)) (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109149"},{"id":109150,"arabic":"مفيض مياه الأمطار","english":"combined sewer overflow","french":"déversoir d'orage [m.]","description":"تجهيزة في نظام الخلط، لتصريف الفائض من المياه. (انظر: [مفيض تصريف مياه الأمطار](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110421)). (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109150"},{"id":109151,"arabic":"نِظام مُؤتلف","english":"combined system","french":"système unitaire [m.] / réseau de type unitaire [m.]","description":"DIN EN 1085 (05/2007); DIN EN 752 (04/2008): شبكة صرف للتحويل المُشترك لمياه الصرف ومياه الأمطار داخل نفس شبكة الأنابيب / نظام القنوات. DIN EN 12056-1 (1/2001): محطة تقوم بتصريف كل من مياه الأمطار ومياه الصرف في خط أنابيب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109151"},{"id":109152,"arabic":"مياه صرف مُختلطة","english":"combined wastewater / combined storm sewage","french":"eau usée unitaire [f.] / eaux usées pluviales (eaux unitaires) (pl.) [f.]","description":"مياه الصرف المُحوّلة إلى نظام مُختلط. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109152"},{"id":109153,"arabic":"غُرفة احتراق","english":"combustion chamber","french":"chambre de combustion [f.]","description":"حوض لاحتجاز مياه الأمطار يتميز باستطالته. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: RRK (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109153"},{"id":109154,"arabic":"عُدَّة تدميج","english":"compacting equipment","french":"équipement de compactage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109154"},{"id":109155,"arabic":"تدميج","english":"compaction / compression","french":"compactage [m.]","description":"1- بمعنى الانضغاط، التشكّل المرن الذي يصحبه تقليص الحجم وزيادة الكثافة. 2- في مجال مدّ الأنابيب، ضغط مستهدف للتربة أثناء عملية مدّ خطوط الأنابيب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109155"},{"id":109156,"arabic":"مِلء كامل","english":"complete fill","french":"remplissage complet","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109156"},{"id":109157,"arabic":"مرحاض السماد المخلَّط","english":"composting toilet","french":"toilette à compost [f.]","description":"مِرحاض جافّ مزود بوظيفة تحويل البراز إلى سماد عضويّ. (موضوعات - الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 12/2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109157"},{"id":109158,"arabic":"صِهريج تَموُّر","english":"conduit regulator / surge tank / surge chamber","french":"chambre d’équilibre [f.]","description":"مُنشأ ذو سطح حُرّ للمياه، يقع في مسار مجرى مغلق (أنبوب) تحت ضغط. (DIN 4048-2:1994)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109158"},{"id":109159,"arabic":"دواة القابس","english":"connecting sleeve / plug-in socket","french":"manchon enfichable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109159"},{"id":109160,"arabic":"وُصْلة مواسير","english":"connection piece (pipe)","french":"tuyau de raccordement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109160"},{"id":109161,"arabic":"خَزّان حِفْظ","english":"conservation reservoir / conservation storage reservoir","french":"lac-réservoir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109161"},{"id":109162,"arabic":"تَماسُك","english":"consolidation","french":"consolidation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109162"},{"id":109163,"arabic":"مسيل تحكّم","english":"control channel","french":"canal de contrôle [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109163"},{"id":109164,"arabic":"مقطع تحكّم","english":"control section","french":"section de contrôle [f.]","description":"(المرادف: مقطع عرضيّ للتحكّم)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109164"},{"id":109165,"arabic":"مخلص ذو بوابات","english":"controlled spillway / gated spillway","french":"évacuateur commandé","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109165"},{"id":109166,"arabic":"فاقد النقل","english":"conveyance loss / transmission loss","french":"pertes totales","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109166"},{"id":109167,"arabic":"سيارة نقل","english":"conveyor vehicle","french":"véhicule de transport [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109167"},{"id":109168,"arabic":"فتحة صرف (بالوعة) في فناء","english":"courtyard outlet","french":"siphon de cours [m.] / avaloir de cours [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109168"},{"id":109169,"arabic":"فيض","english":"covering","french":"recouvrement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109169"},{"id":109170,"arabic":"شّقٌّ","english":"crack / crevice / fissure / gap","french":"fente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109170"},{"id":109171,"arabic":"شَرْخٌ","english":"crack; fissure; split","french":"fissure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109171"},{"id":109172,"arabic":"رَسْم بيانيّ للتيار","english":"current diagram","french":"diagramme de courant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109172"},{"id":109173,"arabic":"حَفْر ورَدْم","english":"cut-and-fill (drains and sewers)","french":"incision et application [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109173"},{"id":109174,"arabic":"نِظام المصارف القاطعة","english":"cut-off system; intercepting system","french":"système d’interception [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109174"},{"id":109175,"arabic":"خندق قاطع","english":"cut-off trench","french":"tranchée parafouille","description":"حَفر في قاعدة السدّ أو أي منشأ، يُملأ بمواد غير مُنفذة لتقليل التخلل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109175"},{"id":109176,"arabic":"تدفق يوميّ للمياه","english":"daily water flow","french":"débit journalier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109176"},{"id":109177,"arabic":"عارِضة حجز","english":"dam board","french":"barre de fermeture [f.]","description":"أيٌّ من العوارض والعناصر التي تركب في خطوط أو قنوات الصرف الصحي، وذلك لتغيير اتجاه التصريف أو احتجازه. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109177"},{"id":109178,"arabic":"سَعَة التخزين الميت","english":"dead storage capacity / dead storage","french":"bassin de retenue ou capacité d’emmagasinement d’eau mort [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109178"},{"id":109179,"arabic":"نِظام إزالة التلوث","english":"decontamination system (med.)","french":"installation de décontamination [f.] / installation de stérilisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109179"},{"id":109180,"arabic":"دَرَجة التثبيت","english":"degree of fixation","french":"degré de fixation","description":"نسبة المساحات الثابتة من الأرض إلى منطقة تصريف المياه المُتصلة بها (مثال: بالنسبة المئوية %، [جاما] = [E,b/A](http://www.arabterm.org/None)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109180"},{"id":109181,"arabic":"خَزّان المياه المُلوّثة إشعاعياً","english":"delay tank; decay tank","french":"réservoir de désactivation","description":"خزان أو حاوية ذو طبقة خاصة للحماية من الإشعاعات، تُخزّن فيه  المواد المُشعّة مؤقتاً (مياه أو مياه صرف صحي مُلوّثة إشعاعياً)، إلى أن تهبط درجة الإشعاعية إلى الحد المنصوص عليه قانوناً بعد مرور فترة زمنية مُعينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109181"},{"id":109182,"arabic":"تصريف المضخّة","english":"delivery (of a pump)","french":"débit de la pompe","description":"مُنشأة يجري فيها ملء المسارات والأنابيب تماماً، وذلك وفقاً للشروط التصميمية الموضوعة، بحيث يتم الحفاظ على التيار من خلال الاستفادة من كامل درجة الضغط بين المسارات وموضع الانتقال إلى تدفق المجرى المفتوح. (DIN EN 12056-3:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109182"},{"id":109183,"arabic":"علو الرفع","english":"delivery head","french":"hauteur de refoulement [f.]","description":"تصريف المياه المُختلطة من مفيض تصريف مياه الأمطار. (انظر: [تصريف مياه مُختلطة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109604)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109183"},{"id":109184,"arabic":"نمط صرف (دنريتي شجريّ)","english":"dendrite drainage pattern","french":"tracé dendritique du réseau hydrographique [f.]","description":"نظام صرف يتخذ الهيئة الشجرية. (انظر: [نمط صرف شجريّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109185)) الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109184"},{"id":109185,"arabic":"نمط صرف شجريّ","english":"dendrite drainage pattern","french":"système de ramification [m.]","description":"(انظر: [نمط صرف (دنريتي شجريّ)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109184))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109185"},{"id":109186,"arabic":"ارتفاع التغطية","english":"depth of cover","french":"hauteur de remblai [f.]; hauteur de recouvrement [f.]","description":"المسافة من قمة جسم الأنبوب أو الجزء المعني إلى سطح الأرض الحالي أو المُستقبلي. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109186"},{"id":109187,"arabic":"تصريف تصميميّ أقصى","english":"design peak flow","french":"débit de pointe de projet [m.]","description":"أقصى تدفق لمياه الصرف الصحي، الذي يُحسب على أساسه أبعاد مُنشأة ما. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109187"},{"id":109188,"arabic":"شدة مطرية معتمدة في التصميم","english":"design rainfall intensity","french":"intensité de la pluie de dimensionnement [f.]","description":"شدة الهطل المطري التي تقاس على أساسها مُكونات شبكة الصرف الصحي ، وكذلك مُدة الهطل المطري (D) وعدد مرات حدوثه (n)، مثلاً: 15(0,5)D, n\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109188"},{"id":109189,"arabic":"عُمْق (ال...) التصميميّ للمياه","english":"design water depth","french":"hauteur d'eau calculée [f.]","description":"أقصى عُمق للمياه في ظروف الهطولات التصميمية (وفقاً للتقديرات التصميمية). (DIN EN 12056-3:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109189"},{"id":109190,"arabic":"عرض إسمي","english":"desired size","french":"largeur nominale [f.]","description":"الأبعاد الداخلية (القيمة المرجعية) للأنابيب، والتركيبات، وأغطية آبار التفتيش، .. إلخ، التي يكون لها قيم انحراف ثابتة مسموح بها. مثال ذلك القيم التصنيعية التي من شأنها أن تُحافظ على الأبعاد الضرورية لكل مقطع (المساحة، والمُحيط، إلخ ..). رمز المُعادلات: di,soll. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109190"},{"id":109191,"arabic":"جِهاز كسح","english":"device, flushing","french":"appareil de curage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109191"},{"id":109192,"arabic":"صلابة قطرية للأنبوب","english":"diametral stiffness of a pipe","french":"rigidité diamétrale d'un tuyau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109192"},{"id":109193,"arabic":"درجة هابطة","english":"difference of level","french":"dénivellation [f.] / seuil [m.]","description":"درجة ذات جدار مسقط عمودي أو عمودي مائل (درجة السقوط: 1:3). (DIN 4047-5:1989)، وهي تقوم بحماية قاع المجرى المائي من التآكل","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109193"},{"id":109194,"arabic":"كَمّية نوعية للغاز الحيويّ","english":"digester gas quantity, specific","french":"quantité de gaz de digestion, spécifique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109194"},{"id":109195,"arabic":"حوض هضم مغلق","english":"digester, covered","french":"digesteur, fermé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109195"},{"id":109196,"arabic":"تَخَمُّر حَراريّ","english":"digestion (conditioning), thermophilic","french":"digestion, thermophile [f.] / conditionnement, thermophile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109196"},{"id":109197,"arabic":"انهيار حاجِز","english":"dike failure","french":"rupture de digue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109197"},{"id":109198,"arabic":"حاجِز","english":"dike; flood embankment","french":"digue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109198"},{"id":109199,"arabic":"حجم","english":"dimension / size","french":"taille [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109199"},{"id":109200,"arabic":"مقاييس الأنابيب ولوازمها","english":"dimension of pipes and fittings","french":"dimensions des canalisations et des raccords [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109200"},{"id":109201,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مُباشِر","english":"direct debit","french":"débit direct [m.]","description":"إجمالي الصرف السطحي والبيني والأمطار الذي يصل إلى موضع تجميع الصرف بمُعدل سريع نسبياً، ويؤدي التدفق المُباشر بالضرورة إلى ارتفاع سُرعة الجريان بشكل ملحوظ، وبالتالي زيادة قوة النقل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109201"},{"id":109202,"arabic":"سَعَة المجرى","english":"discharge capacity","french":"capacité de décharge [f.]; capacité de découlement [f.]","description":"القيمة المحسوبة لتصريف إحدى القنوات في حالة الامتلاء الكامل (ISo = Ip = IEv\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109202"},{"id":109203,"arabic":"أُنْبوبة سَحْب","english":"discharge pipe / outlet pipe / draft/draught tube","french":"tuyau de sortie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109203"},{"id":109204,"arabic":"أُنْبوب تحويل مياه الصرف","english":"discharge pipe; waste pipe","french":"tube de dérivation [m.]; tuyau de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109204"},{"id":109205,"arabic":"أنبوب رأسي لمياه الصرف","english":"discharge stack","french":"descente pour les eaux","description":"يُتبع لاحقاً الشرح الخاص بهذا المدخل","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109205"},{"id":109206,"arabic":"مُعامِل الصرف","english":"discharge unit (DU)","french":"unité de raccordement [f.]","description":"القيمة المُتوسطة لمُعامل الصرف من وحدة تصريف صحية، وذلك لقياس المصرف التالي، باللتر لكل ثانية (الوحدة: لتر/ثانية (l/s))، الصيغة المُختصرة: DU","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109206"},{"id":109207,"arabic":"مكان تصريف غير مُباشر","english":"discharger, indirect","french":"déversement, indirect [m.]","description":"صنفت السلطة التشريعية الأماكن التي تُفرغ مياه الصرف الصحي الخاصة بها بشكل غير مُباشر في المُسطحات المائية عن طريق القنوات ومحطات تنقية مياه الصرف المحلية، حيث تكون فيها المياه في الغالب غير مُعالجة أو مُعالجة أوّلياً، وذلك على النقيض من الأماكن مُباشرة التصريف. ويمتد هذا التصنيف ليشمل أيضاً المنازل والشركات. ويمكن إلزام الشركات والمصانع بمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي الخاصة بها مُعالجة أوّلية قبل صرفها. وتوجد المصارف غير المُباشرة بشكل موجز في سجل المصارف غير المُباشرة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109207"},{"id":109208,"arabic":"صندوق تقسيم","english":"distribution shaft","french":"puits de distribution [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109208"},{"id":109209,"arabic":"تَغَيُّر التَصريف في اليومي","english":"diurnal variation","french":"variations diurnes","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109209"},{"id":109210,"arabic":"تجهيزات الصرف الصحيّ المنزليّ","english":"domestic sanitary appliance","french":"appareils sanitaires domestiques [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109210"},{"id":109211,"arabic":"وحدة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ المنزلية","english":"domestic sewage treatment system/plant","french":"station d'épuration domestique [f.]","description":"(انظر: [فَضَلات](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103201))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109211"},{"id":109212,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مياه الصَّرْف الصحيّ","english":"drain pipe / sewer pipe","french":"conduite d'eaux usées [f.] / conduite d'égout [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109212"},{"id":109213,"arabic":"مصَرْف مجمع","english":"drain, lateral; collecting drain; collector drain","french":"crépine [f.]","description":"خط صرف مفرد، يمتص المياه من التربة، ويحوّلها إلى مُجمّع. (DIN 4047-9:1986)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109213"},{"id":109214,"arabic":"مستجمع صرف","english":"drainage area / water catchment area / recharge area","french":"bassin hydrographique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109214"},{"id":109215,"arabic":"مجرى تصريف","english":"drainage ditch","french":"rigole d'évacuation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109215"},{"id":109216,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صَرْف صحيّ","english":"drainage pipe / sanitary drain","french":"canalisation d'égout","description":"أنبوب يكون ممدوداً أسفل سطح الأرض في الغالب، وتتمثل وظيفته في توجيه مياه الصرف من مكان بدء تجمّعها إلى قناة الصرف. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109216"},{"id":109217,"arabic":"نِظام الصَّرْف الصحيّ (لقطعة أرض خاصة)","english":"drainage system (drains)","french":"branchement d'assainissement [m.] / drainage des parcelles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109217"},{"id":109218,"arabic":"نِظام الصرف الصحيّ للمباني","english":"drainage system; discharge system","french":"système d'évacuation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109218"},{"id":109219,"arabic":"صَرْف صناعيّ","english":"drainage, artificial","french":"drainage, artificiel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109219"},{"id":109220,"arabic":"صَرْف بواسطة خندق مكشوف","english":"drainage, open channel","french":"assèchement de fossé, ouvert [m.]","description":"أنبوب مصنوع من الخرسانة، ومُسلَّح إنشائياً بألياف فولاذية. (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109220"},{"id":109221,"arabic":"صرف داخل المدن","english":"drainage, urban","french":"assainissement urbain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109221"},{"id":109222,"arabic":"القِيمة الحدية لمياه الشُرْب","english":"drinking water limiting value","french":"valeur limite pour l'eau potable [f.]","description":"يُقصد بالماء الدخيل المياه الجوفية الداخلة في القنوات (عبر مواضع تسريب)، أو المياه الموجهة بشكل غير مسموح به عبر وصلات خاطئة (مثل مياه الصرف ومياه الأمطار)، وكذلك المياه السطحية التي تدخل على قنوات مياه الصرف (عبر أغطية البلوعات مثلاً).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109222"},{"id":109223,"arabic":"مَسْقَط","english":"drop structure","french":"ouvrage de chute","description":"وسيلة ربط أنابيب أو قنوات مياه الصرف ذوات مناسيب عُمق مختلفة عن طريق أنبوب قائم أو مِجرى قائم في بئر مَصرف المجاري. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109223"},{"id":109224,"arabic":"مَسقَط أسطوانيّ","english":"drop-manhole","french":"regard avec chute","description":"بئر مصرف المجاري، الذي تتصل عبره أنابيب وقنوات الصرف الصحي ذوات مناسيب العُمق المختلفة عن طريق أنبوب عمودي عند قاع الأنبوب السُفلي أو أعلاه مباشرةً. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109224"},{"id":109225,"arabic":"مَقطَع السقوط","english":"drop-off section","french":"tronçon de chute [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109225"},{"id":109226,"arabic":"أُنْبوب تصريف","english":"drop-pipe","french":"tuyau de drainage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109226"},{"id":109227,"arabic":"مِرحاض جافّ فاصل للفضلات","english":"dry separation toilet / urine diverting dry toilet","french":"toilette sèche avec séparation des urines [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة تدفق الماء الدخيل على مساحة مُستجمعه. رمز المُعادلات: F\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109227"},{"id":109228,"arabic":"مِرحاض جافّ","english":"dry toilet","french":"toilette à sec [f.]","description":"كمية المياه الدخيلة التي تتدفق في منظومات الصرف الصحي. والمياه الدخيلة لا تختلف خواصها عند استخدامها في أغراض منزلية أو تجارية أو زراعية أو في أغراض أخرى. وهي لا تحتاج إلى مُعالجة كالتي تُجرى لمياه الصرف الصحي وذلك نظراً لجودتها، كما يَصْعُب ذلك أيضاً بسبب كميتها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109228"},{"id":109229,"arabic":"ظروف فترة الجفاف","english":"dry weather conditions","french":"conditions de temps sec [f.]","description":"الفترة الزمنية التي يكون خلالها لمياه الأمطار أو مياه الثلوج الذائبة تأثير ضئيل للغاية على التدفق. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109229"},{"id":109230,"arabic":"تدفق في فترة الجفاف","english":"dry weather flow","french":"débit de temps sec [m.]","description":"مُعدل التدفق الذي يتأثر إمّا بهطول الأمطار أو بذوبان الثلوج أثناء فترة الجفاف. وحدة القياس: لتر/ثانية، م3/ثانية، م3/ساعة (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109230"},{"id":109231,"arabic":"أُنْبوب ناقِل","english":"duct / pipeline","french":"tuyau de conduite","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109231"},{"id":109232,"arabic":"بئر البداية","english":"duct, launching / pit, starting / shaft, starting","french":"puits initial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109232"},{"id":109233,"arabic":"حوض تعفّن ترابيّ","english":"earth basin for digestion / anaerobic lagoon","french":"lagune anaérobie [f.]","description":"بركة لمياه الصرف الصحيّ تُستخدم في ترسيب مياه الصرف وتحليلها لاهوائياً، وكذلك في تخمير الحمأة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109233"},{"id":109234,"arabic":"فاقِد الخروج","english":"efflux loss","french":"perte de charge à la sortie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109234"},{"id":109235,"arabic":"تبييت الأنابيب","english":"embedding","french":"enrobage [m.]","description":"طريقة تمديد الأنابيب التي يُراعى فيها نوع التربة المُحيطة بالوصلات الأنبوبية المطمورة، والتي من شأنها تعزيز القدرة التحملية للأنابيب. (DIN EN 1295-1:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109235"},{"id":109236,"arabic":"منطقة مُحيطة بخط الأُنابيب","english":"embedment / pipeline zone / embedment zone","french":"zone de la conduite","description":"الردم في نطاق خط الأنابيب، والمكوّن من طبقات أساسية وردم جانبي وتغطية. (DIN EN 1610:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109236"},{"id":109237,"arabic":"تقلص طرفيّ","english":"end contraction (tech.)","french":"étranglement final [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109237"},{"id":109238,"arabic":"مُبدِّد الطاقة","english":"energy dissipater","french":"dissipateur d’énergie [m.]","description":"مكوِّن يعمل على تبديد الطاقة الحركية للمياه المُتدفقة في المساقط المائية وفي البرابخ. وبالتالي يُمكن تجنب التآكل والأضرار التي قد تلحق بمجرى التدفق في اتجاه السريان.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109238"},{"id":109239,"arabic":"مُعِدّات صحية","english":"equipment, sanitary","french":"équipement, sanitaire [m.]","description":"تجهيزات لنظافة البدن (مثل: المراحيض، وأحواض الغسيل، والدشات، وأحواض الاستحمام، ... إلخ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109239"},{"id":109240,"arabic":"مُعِدّات صرف صحية","english":"equipment, sanitary","french":"installations sanitaires [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109240"},{"id":109241,"arabic":"عنصر أولي / عنصر أساسي","english":"essential element / primary element","french":"élément de base [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109241"},{"id":109242,"arabic":"عُمْق النتح البخري","english":"evapotranspiration height","french":"hauteur d’évapotranspiration [f.]","description":"خفض حدة التدفق من خلال تقليص المقطع المُستعرض للتدفق من جهة نهاية الأنبوب، وذلك - على سبيل المثال - لاستغلال حجم الملء للتحكم في مساحة القناة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109242"},{"id":109243,"arabic":"تنقيب","english":"excavation / digging","french":"fouille [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109243"},{"id":109244,"arabic":"تردد التجاوز","english":"exceeding frequency (of a limit)","french":"fréquence de dépassement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109244"},{"id":109245,"arabic":"ضَغْط هيدروستاتيّ زائد","english":"excess hydrostatic pressure; hydrostatic excess pressure","french":"surpression, hydrostatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109245"},{"id":109246,"arabic":"بِراز بشريّ","english":"excrement","french":"matières fécales (pl.) [f.]","description":"(انظر: [غائط](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109255))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109246"},{"id":109247,"arabic":"مَخْرَج بئر تفتيش","english":"exit pit; target pit; exit shaft; exit pit","french":"puits de destination [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109247"},{"id":109248,"arabic":"حفرة البناء النهائية","english":"exit; reception; target pit; shaft","french":"fosse de destination [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109248"},{"id":109249,"arabic":"حِماية خارجية","english":"external protection","french":"protection externe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109249"},{"id":109250,"arabic":"عامِل مُحَدِّد","english":"factor, limiting","french":"facteur limitant [m.]","description":"توليد دفقات قصيرة المدى ومُتزايدة القوة، وذلك لإزالة العوائق أو المواد المُترسبة في خطوط أو قنوات الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109250"},{"id":109251,"arabic":"حمأة محطات المعالجة","english":"faecal sludge / night soil / cesspool / septic tank sludge","french":"boues fécales [f.] / matière de vidanges domestiques [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109251"},{"id":109252,"arabic":"براز عقدي","english":"faecal streptococcus","french":"streptocoques fécaux (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109252"},{"id":109253,"arabic":"بِراز","english":"faece / faecal matter / night soil","french":"excrément [m.] / matière de vidange [f.] / boue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109253"},{"id":109254,"arabic":"بِراز","english":"faeces (pl.)","french":"féces (pl.) [f.]","description":"(انظر: [غائط](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109255))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109254"},{"id":109255,"arabic":"غائط","english":"faeces (pl.) / faecal matter / excrement","french":"matière fécale (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109255"},{"id":109256,"arabic":"مَسقَط","english":"fall; drop","french":"dénivellation du plafond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109256"},{"id":109257,"arabic":"خُثّ ليفيّ","english":"fibrous peat","french":"tourbe fibreuse","description":"تقليل مُعدل أقصى التصريف عن طريق احتجازه بشكل مؤقت. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109257"},{"id":109258,"arabic":"مجال التوحيد القياسيّ","english":"field of standardisation","french":"domaine de normalisation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109258"},{"id":109259,"arabic":"رُشاحة","english":"filter cake","french":"gâteau de filtration","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109259"},{"id":109260,"arabic":"خصائص الترشيح","english":"filter characteristics (pl.)","french":"caractéristiques de rétention (pl.) [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مِرحاض بالضغط الخوائيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109676))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109260"},{"id":109261,"arabic":"مقطع نهائية المجرور","english":"final section of sewer","french":"bief terminal (section finale) [m.]","description":"آخر قطاع مرئيّ من المجرور في اتجاه التدفق، على سبيل المثال قبل محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ أو المصرف. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109261"},{"id":109262,"arabic":"أول حاجز في مجرى الصرف","english":"first section of sewer","french":"bief initial (première section d'un collecteur) [m.]","description":"أول مقطع موازي لوصلة أو قناة لمياه الصرف الصحيّ بين اثنين من أبار المُراقبة أو مُنشآت خاصة في اتجاه التدفق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109262"},{"id":109263,"arabic":"بوابة ثابتة المحور","english":"fixed axle gate; fixed wheel gate","french":"vanne à rouleau à axe fixe [f.]","description":"مياه الصرف الصحي المنزلية الخالية من الفضلات البشرية الصلبة والسائلة، مثل مياه الصرف الناجمة عن أحواض الاستحمام وبانيوهات القدم وأحواض غسل اليدين وأحواض المطبخ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109263"},{"id":109264,"arabic":"قَاع مستوٍ","english":"flat sole","french":"fond plat [m.]","description":"في مجال تصريف مياه الأمطار من أسطح مستوية، هو نطاق المزراب الذي يكون في وضع أفقي للمقطع المُستعرض للسقف، ويكون عرضه على الأقل مُماثلاً لعرض فتحة سدادة التصريف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109264"},{"id":109265,"arabic":"تَدُّرج الطَّفو","english":"floatation gradient","french":"pente de rinçage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109265"},{"id":109266,"arabic":"بوابة المَدّ العاليّ","english":"flood gate","french":"porte de crue [f.]","description":"مياه الهطولات الجوية التي لم تجرف أو تلتقط معها أية مواد من أية أسطح، وتتساقط على الأرض مُباشرةً. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109266"},{"id":109267,"arabic":"مَدّ","english":"flood; flooding","french":"flux [m.]; marée montante [f.]; flot [m.]","description":"الفرق بين المساحة الإجمالية والمساحة المُمهدة من المُستجمع الخاضع للمُراقبة: [E,nb = A](http://www.arabterm.org/None)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109267"},{"id":109268,"arabic":"قشرة القاع","english":"floor shell","french":"plaque de fond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109268"},{"id":109269,"arabic":"صرف في حالة الامتلاء الجزئيّ","english":"flow in a partially filled sewer","french":"débit de remplissage partiel [m.]","description":"صرف من قناة أو أنبوب صرف ممتلئة جزئياً. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109269"},{"id":109270,"arabic":"تَدفُّق حرج لمياه الصرف المُختلطة","english":"flow of combined water, critical","french":"débit d’eaux d’égout mixtes, critique [m.]","description":"إجمالي التدفّق في الطقس الجاف والتدفق الحرج للأمطار: Qkrit = QT + QRkrit رمز المُعادلات: Qkrit (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109270"},{"id":109271,"arabic":"تصريف حوض تخزين مياه الأمطار","english":"flow of stored stormwater","french":"débit de bassin d’eau de pluie [m.]","description":"كمية تصريف مياه الأمطار من أحواض تخزينها، والتي تعتمد عليها عمليات حساب مُعينة. رمز المُعادلات: QRab\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109271"},{"id":109272,"arabic":"تَدفُّق في الطقس الجاف","english":"flow, dry weather","french":"débit de temps sec [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109272"},{"id":109273,"arabic":"قناة تحويل مياه الصرف","english":"Flume","french":"bief [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109273"},{"id":109274,"arabic":"فَلْوَرة","english":"fluoridation","french":"fluoruration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109274"},{"id":109275,"arabic":"حفراجترافيّ","english":"flush boring; jetting drilling; wash drilling","french":"forage par pression hydraulique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109275"},{"id":109276,"arabic":"مِرحاض كسح","english":"flush toilet","french":"toilette à chasse [f.]","description":"مِرحاض يعمل بنظام الكسح بالماء بغرض تصريف المياه السوداء (بالجاذبية أو بالتفريغ). الاختصار: WC","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109276"},{"id":109277,"arabic":"مِرحاض كسح مقتصد للمياه","english":"flush toilet, water saving","french":"toilette à chasse avec minimisation d'utilisation en eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109277"},{"id":109278,"arabic":"كَسح","english":"flushing","french":"rinçage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109278"},{"id":109279,"arabic":"جَرْف التربة","english":"flushing / rinsing / scouring / undercutting","french":"rinçage [m.] / nettoyage [m.] / récurage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109279"},{"id":109280,"arabic":"شدة الكسح","english":"flushing intensity","french":"intensité de chasse [f.]; intensité de curage [f.]; force de curage [f.]","description":"مُعدل التدفق السطحيّ لمُرشح النضّ مقسوماً على عدد أذرع مُوزّعه الدوَّار وعلى عدد لفاته. وتُعد شِدة الكسح قيمة لقوة الكسح الهيدرولية المُستخدمة للتخلّص من الحمأة الناجمة عن مُرشح النض. (انظر: مستوى التغذية النوعيّ على حسب تناوب دوران الأذرع) (DIN EN 12255-7:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109280"},{"id":109281,"arabic":"درع الكسح","english":"flushing shield; scouring shield; scouring plate","french":"écran de curage [m.]; plaque de curage [f.]","description":"دِرعٌ كاشط يُستخدم في تنظيف القنوات ذات المقطع المُستعرض الكبير، حيث يُزاح هذا الدرع إلى الأمام بواسطة المياه المُحتجزة، ومن ثم تُنقل الرُسابة إلى البئر التالي للتخلّص منها. (انظر: [قُرص الكَسْح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109523))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109281"},{"id":109282,"arabic":"نواتج الشطف","english":"flushings","french":"matière de curage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109282"},{"id":109283,"arabic":"مجاري مائية مُتقاطعة","english":"fly-over junction (pipes etc.) / crossing works","french":"ouvrage de croisement [m.]","description":"منشأ يعمل على تقسيم منظومة بنائية مزودة بمجسم مائيّ يتطلب مبنى قطعيّاً إنشائيّاً خاصاً. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109283"},{"id":109284,"arabic":"إنتاج المواد الغذائية","english":"food production","french":"production alimentaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109284"},{"id":109285,"arabic":"خندق الأساس","english":"foundation trench","french":"fouille de fondation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109285"},{"id":109286,"arabic":"شَظِيّة","english":"fragment; debris","french":"débris [m.]; fragments [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109286"},{"id":109287,"arabic":"تفتت","english":"fragmentation","french":"formation de débris [f.]; formation de fragments [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109287"},{"id":109288,"arabic":"حيز حُرّ","english":"free space; open space","french":"espace libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109288"},{"id":109289,"arabic":"طبقة احتراق","english":"fuel bed layer","french":"couche de combustion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109289"},{"id":109290,"arabic":"عُمْق المياه لأقصى التصرفات","english":"full supply depth","french":"profondeur d'eau à débit maximum normal","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109290"},{"id":109291,"arabic":"منسوب تصميميّ لأقصى تصريف","english":"full supply level, designed","french":"niveau d’eau tous besoins, planifié [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109291"},{"id":109292,"arabic":"فَرّامة نفايات الطعام","english":"Garbage disposal unit","french":"broyeur d'ordures, dilacérateur [m.] / broyeur d'ordures ménagères [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109292"},{"id":109293,"arabic":"تَسارُع الجاذبية","english":"gravitational acceleration","french":"accélération de la pesanteur [f.] / gravité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109293"},{"id":109294,"arabic":"كُمون تثاقُليّ","english":"gravitational potential","french":"potentiel gravitationnel [m.]","description":"في علم التربة، مٌصطلح يصف الشغل اللازم بذله لرفع وحدة في أنبوب شعري تحت ضغط مُحدد أو لاستخراج مصفوفة التربة منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109294"},{"id":109295,"arabic":"ضَغْط ثَّقَالي","english":"gravitational pressure","french":"pression gravitationnelle [f.]","description":"في مجال المياه الجوفية والمناطق غير المُشبعة بالمياه، هو الشغل اللازم بذله لنقل كمية مُتناهية الصغر من الماء، يتطابق تركيبها تماماً مع تركيب المياه الجوفية بشكل معكوس وحرارة مُتساوية من خزان جوفيّ يقع على بعد مُحدد عن سطح الأرض، ويتطابق فيه ضغط الغاز الخارجي مع الضغط عند نقطة القياس الجاري فحصها، إلى خزان مُماثل يقع على ذات بُعد نقطة القياس عن سطح الأرض، مقسوماً على حجم الماء المنقول. رمز المُعادلات: g\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109295"},{"id":109296,"arabic":"أُنْبوب تصريف بالثقالة","english":"gravity drainage pipe","french":"ligne gravitaire [f.]; conduite de raccordement gravitaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109296"},{"id":109297,"arabic":"تصريف جاذبيّ","english":"gravity drainage system","french":"assainissement à écoulement libre [m.]; assainissement gravitaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109297"},{"id":109298,"arabic":"نِظام الجاذبية الأرضية","english":"gravity system","french":"réseau à écoulement libre [m.]; système gravitaire [m.] / réseau gravitaire","description":"نظام تصريف يُنتج تدفق و/أو ضغط عن طريق الجاذبية. ويوجد من هذا النظام نوعان: 1) نظام الضغط، وفيه تعمل الأنابيب وهي مملوءة بالكامل، 2) نظام دون ضغط، وفيه تعمل الأنابيب مملوءة جزئياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109298"},{"id":109299,"arabic":"تدفق تحت سطح الأرض","english":"groundwater flow","french":"écoulement d'eau souterrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109299"},{"id":109300,"arabic":"استخراج المياه الجوفية","english":"groundwater mining","french":"exploitation des nappes souterraines [f.]","description":"(انظر: [صِهْريج تعفّن نافِذ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110307))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109300"},{"id":109301,"arabic":"أُخدود","english":"gully / sink trap / street inlet","french":"bouche d'égout [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109301"},{"id":109302,"arabic":"غِطاء بالوعة","english":"gully top","french":"rehausse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109302"},{"id":109303,"arabic":"أُخدود","english":"gully; sink trap","french":"siphon de décantation [m.]; bouche d'égout [f.]","description":"1. في علم المياه الجوفية، تعبير يُشار به إلى مسيل الوادي الذي ينشأ بفعل الماء الجاري. 2. في قطاع المواصلات، تعبير يُشار به إلى بالوعات الأمطار الموجودة في الشوارع (بَالُوعة الطريق).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109303"},{"id":109304,"arabic":"مِزْراب معلق من الخارج","english":"gutter, eaves","french":"chéneau extérieur [m.]","description":"مزراب مٌعلق خارج المبنى لتصريف المياه الفائضة. (DIN EN 12056-3:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109304"},{"id":109305,"arabic":"مِزْراب طويل","english":"gutter, long","french":"chéneau long [m.]","description":"مزراب يزيد طوله على 50 ضِعْف العمق التصميمي للمياه الجاريه فيه. (DIN EN 12056-3:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109305"},{"id":109306,"arabic":"مِزْراب قصير","english":"gutter, short","french":"chéneau court [m.]","description":"مزراب لا يزيد طوله على 50 ضِعْف العمق التصميمي للمياه الجاريه فيه. (DIN EN 12056-3:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109306"},{"id":109307,"arabic":"مجاري","english":"guttering","french":"rigole d'écoulement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109307"},{"id":109308,"arabic":"مِطْرقة مائية","english":"hammer (water)","french":"coup de bélier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109308"},{"id":109309,"arabic":"طريقة هيكل السمكة للرى بالأخاديد","english":"herringbone furrow method","french":"méthode d'arrosage par rigoles d'infiltration en arête de poisson [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109309"},{"id":109310,"arabic":"تنظيف بالضغط العالي","english":"high-pressure cleaning","french":"nettoyage à haute pression","description":"استخدام أجهزة ضغط عالي للتخلّص من العوائق والترسّبات الموجودة في أنابيب أو قنوات الصرف الصحيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109310"},{"id":109311,"arabic":"مَركبة للتنظيف بالضغط العالي مُزوّدة بجهاز لإعادة استعمال الماء","english":"high-pressure cleaning vehicle with water recycling facilities","french":"véhicule de nettoyage à haute pression avec équipement de recyclage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109311"},{"id":109312,"arabic":"مَرْكَبَة شطف بالضغط العالي","english":"high-pressure flushing vehicle","french":"véhicule de curage à haute pression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109312"},{"id":109313,"arabic":"بَوّابة ضَغْط عالٍ","english":"high-pressure gate","french":"fermeture à haute pression [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109313"},{"id":109314,"arabic":"زمن المكوث الهيدروليكي","english":"hydraulic retention time (HRT)","french":"temps de rétention hydraulique (HRT) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109314"},{"id":109315,"arabic":"كَسْح هيدروليّ","english":"hydraulic wash","french":"forage au jet","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109315"},{"id":109316,"arabic":"اختبار هِيْدروستاتيّ","english":"hydrostatic test","french":"épreuve hydrostatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109316"},{"id":109317,"arabic":"مدّ الأنابيب بمطرقة حفر","english":"impact moling","french":"pose par fusée [f.]","description":"طريقة لمدّ الأنابيب،  يُستخدم فيها جهاز لحفر أنفاق الأنابيب مزوّد بمطرقة في أنبوب دليلي، و يكون  الحفار الذي يخترق التربة عادةً أسطواني الشكل وله نهاية مخروطية أو مُدرّجة. وترتبط حركة هذا الجهاز إلى الأمام بدرجة مُقاومة احتكاك التربة. وقد يُشغَّل الحفّار بالهواء المضغوط أو هيدرولياً. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109317"},{"id":109318,"arabic":"عنفة دفع","english":"impulse turbine","french":"turbine à action","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109318"},{"id":109319,"arabic":"ارتفاع","english":"increase / rise","french":"remontée [f.]","description":"مقطع من أنبوب يعمل بالضغط الخوائي، حيث يتزايد منسوب قاع (بطن) الأنبوب باتجاه تدفق الماء. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109319"},{"id":109320,"arabic":"تَسرُّب (إلى شبكة صرف)","english":"infiltration (into the drain or sewer system)","french":"infiltration [f.]","description":"تغلغل كمية غير مرغوب فيها من المياه الجوفية إلى شبكة صرف صحيّ. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109320"},{"id":109321,"arabic":"كمية حرجة للمياه الراشحة","english":"infiltration head","french":"quantité d’eau d’infiltration critique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109321"},{"id":109322,"arabic":"مِنطَقة التدفق الداخل","english":"inflow region","french":"région d'affluent","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109322"},{"id":109323,"arabic":"الترعة الأم","english":"influent conduit; inlet channel; intake channel; inlet canal; parent canal","french":"canal d’arrivée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109323"},{"id":109324,"arabic":"تَسرُّب وارد للداخل","english":"influent seepage","french":"afflux d’eau souterraine [m.]","description":"حركة المياه نتيجةً للجاذبية الأرضية من السطح العلويّ للأرض، وعبر نطاق التربة غير المُشَبَّع، وصولاً إلى منسوب المياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109324"},{"id":109325,"arabic":"مياه داخلة","english":"influent water","french":"eau de pénétration par les grands interstices [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109325"},{"id":109326,"arabic":"حَجْز أوّليّ","english":"initial abstraction retention","french":"rétention initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109326"},{"id":109327,"arabic":"احتجاز أوّليّ","english":"initial detention","french":"retenue initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109327"},{"id":109328,"arabic":"فوهة دخول","english":"inlet mouth","french":"embouchure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109328"},{"id":109329,"arabic":"حُفرة تفتيش","english":"inspection shaft / inspection chamber / inspection gallery","french":"boîte de branchement [f.] / regard de visite [m.]","description":"حفرة في قنوات وخطوط الصرف الصحيّ، تعمل على الوصل بين هذه القنوات والخطوط و/ أو تغيير اتجاه جريان مياه الصرف الصحيّ. ويُمكن إيلاج أجهزة التنقية والفحص والاختبار عبر الجزء السفليّ من حفرة التفتيش، وكذلك إزالة ما يعيق جريان الماء، أمّا دخول الأشخاص فهو غير مُمكن.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109329"},{"id":109330,"arabic":"مَدُّ (الأنابيب)","english":"installation (laying of pipes)","french":"pose (de conduites) [f.]; installation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109330"},{"id":109331,"arabic":"مُنشَأَة المأخذ","english":"intake structure","french":"ouvrage de captage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109331"},{"id":109332,"arabic":"مَصْرِف ستارة","english":"intercepting drain; curtain drain","french":"drain d'interception [m.]","description":"خط أنابيب للصرف الصحي، يقع أعلى أو أسفل سطح الأرض، ويتم مدّه عند قاع أحد المُنحدرات أو بالتوازي مع إحدى القنوات غير المُحكمة ضد التسريب. وتتمثل وظيفة المصرف الستارة في تلقي تيار المياه الجوفية بحيث يحول دون ارتداد المياه إلى المنطقة الجاري تصريف الماء منها (والتي تقع على مُستوى أدنى). (انظر: مَصْرِف اعتراضيّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109332"},{"id":109333,"arabic":"مُجمِّع رئيسي لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"interceptor","french":"collecteur d'assainissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109333"},{"id":109334,"arabic":"حُفرة تجميع مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"interceptor ditch/pit","french":"collecteurs d'eaux uséés","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109334"},{"id":109335,"arabic":"مجرى تصريف مُعترض","english":"interceptor; intercepting drain","french":"collecteur d'interception [m.]; intercepteur [m.]","description":"خط أنابيب، يتلقى كميات مياه الصرف الصحي، التي تأتي من أنابيب واقعة على مستويات أعلى (على الأخص على طول مجرى مائي)، ويوصلها إلى مكان التجميع.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109335"},{"id":109336,"arabic":"بَرْزَخ","english":"interface","french":"point d'intersection [m.] / interface [f.]","description":"أنابيب الصرف المُمتدة داخل المبنى أو تحت الأرض أسفل الأساسات، والتي يتم توصيل مواسير الصرف الصحي أو مُكوّنات شبكة الصرف الصحي الموجودة في قبو البناية بها مُباشرةً. (DIN EN 12056-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109336"},{"id":109337,"arabic":"واشِجَة خَوَازِيق لَوْحية","english":"interlock (of sheet piling)","french":"serrure (de palplanche) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109337"},{"id":109338,"arabic":"خط القاع","english":"invert","french":"fil d'eau [m.]","description":"أعمق نقطة في المساحة الداخلية للأنبوب أو القناة عند أيِّ مقطع عَرْضي. (DIN EN 476:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109338"},{"id":109339,"arabic":"قاع (أنبوب)","english":"invert (pipe)","french":"radier (tuyau) [m.]; fil d'eau [m.]","description":"أعمق نقطة في أنبوب أو مجرى مائي عند أي موضع على مقطعه المُستعرض. (DIN EN 13508-2:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109339"},{"id":109340,"arabic":"أُنْبوب تغليف","english":"jacket pipe/ sleeve pipe / casing pipe","french":"tube de protection [m.]","description":"جزء من تجهيزة يحتوي على أنابيب الإمداد، وذلك بغرض حمايتها من البيئة المحيطة من ناحية، ولكي يقوم هذا الجزء نفسه بحماية البيئة المُحيطة (في حالة انكسار الأنبوب مثلاُ) من ناحية أخرى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109340"},{"id":109341,"arabic":"ماسُورة ضخّ","english":"jacking pipe / jetting pipe","french":"Tuyau de fonçage","description":"أنبوب يتم مدّه في بنية مُغلقة بواسطة تكنولوجيا دفع الأنابيب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109341"},{"id":109342,"arabic":"وصْلة","english":"joint / connection / joint assembly","french":"joint [m.] / raccord [m.] / assemblage [m.]","description":"في مجال مدّ الأنابيب، أيٌّ من النهايات المتلاقية لخطوط الأنابيب أو التركيبات أو وصلات تغيُّر القُطْر، وطرق توصيلها بعضها ببعض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109342"},{"id":109343,"arabic":"مَصْرِف رأسيّ","english":"joint drains / vertical drains","french":"tube de sortie vertical [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109343"},{"id":109344,"arabic":"وصلة ميكانيكية مَرِنَة","english":"joint, mechanical flexible","french":"assemblage flexible mécanique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109344"},{"id":109345,"arabic":"قناة توصيل","english":"junction canal / connecting canal","french":"canal de raccordement","description":"قناة تصل بين قناة الصرف العمومية وبين حدود قطعة الأرض أو أول فتحة تنظيف (بئر مَصرف مجاري احتياطي مثلاً) على قطعة الأرض. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109345"},{"id":109346,"arabic":"طابق حوض مطبخ","english":"kitchen sink","french":"évier de cuisine [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109346"},{"id":109347,"arabic":"تَشَابُك","english":"knotting / tangling","french":"obstruction par végétaux entortillés [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109347"},{"id":109348,"arabic":"رّدْم أرضيّ","english":"landfill","french":"remblayage du terrain [m.]","description":"محطة صناعية جاهزة للتركيب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109348"},{"id":109349,"arabic":"مَخْلَص ذو تدفق جانبيّ","english":"lateral flow spillway / side channel spillway","french":"décharge avec déversoir latéral [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109349"},{"id":109350,"arabic":"تسرّب","english":"leakage","french":"fuite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109350"},{"id":109351,"arabic":"نضوح","english":"leakage","french":"fuite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109351"},{"id":109352,"arabic":"فاقِد التسرب","english":"leakage (of water) / absorption loss","french":"perte par infiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109352"},{"id":109353,"arabic":"عُمْق (ال...) الحرج للمياه","english":"level of critical combined water flow","french":"profondeur d'eau, critique [f.]","description":"عُمق المياه في حالة التدفق الحرج لصرف المياه المُختلطة. رمز المُعادلات: krit\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109353"},{"id":109354,"arabic":"مَنسُوب الماء غير المتجمِّد","english":"level, frost-free","french":"profondeur, hors-gel [f.]","description":"القيمة المُراد تحديدها من مُستوى سطح الأرض إلى قمة الأنبوب أو القناة، أو في حالة أكواع منع تسرّب الرائحة، ومُرشّحات الماء... إلخ إلى منسوب الماء الساكن. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109354"},{"id":109355,"arabic":"مَسار أخذ العينات","english":"line, sampling","french":"conduite d'échantillonnage [f.]","description":"غطاء بئر مَصرف المَجاري أو فوهة مَصرف المَجاري، الغرض منه الحماية، وتجنب الاتساخات أو حدوث أخطار. ويكون الغطاء مُزوّداً بفتحة دخول، وفي المُعتاد أيضاً بحلقة مُعادلة أو إطار وغطاء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109355"},{"id":109356,"arabic":"مقطع مُستعرض مُبطن لقناة صرف","english":"lined sewer cross-section","french":"section de canal garnie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109356"},{"id":109357,"arabic":"تَكْسِية","english":"lining","french":"chemisage [m.] / revêtement intérieur [m.]","description":"مواد تُبسَط بشكل إضافي على السطح الداخلي لأجزاء شبكة الأنابيب، والخزانات والأحواض، وذلك لحمايتها من الصدأ والأضرار الناجمة عن العوامل والتأثيرات الميكانيكية أوالكيميائية. (انظر: تغطية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109357"},{"id":109358,"arabic":"بِطانة داخلية","english":"lining (internal)","french":"revêtement intérieur / interne [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109358"},{"id":109359,"arabic":"بِطانة","english":"lining / garniture","french":"garnissage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109359"},{"id":109360,"arabic":"صَرْف مَحليّ","english":"local drainage / town drainage","french":"assainissement urbain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109360"},{"id":109361,"arabic":"حَنْي طُوليّ","english":"longitudinal bending","french":"Flexion longitudinale","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109361"},{"id":109362,"arabic":"رَدْم رئيسيّ","english":"main backfill","french":"remblai proprement dit [m.]; remblai principal [m.]","description":"في مجال إنشاء خطوط الأنابيب، ردم بين الحافة العلوية للمنطقة المُحيطة بالأنابيب والحافة العلوية للأرض الطبيعية والسدّ، أو - في بعض الحالات أيضاً - الحافة السُفلية للشارع أو لخط السكك الحديدية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109362"},{"id":109363,"arabic":"خَزّان رئيسيّ","english":"main channel","french":"voie principale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109363"},{"id":109364,"arabic":"مُجمِّع رئيسيّ (لمياه الصرف)","english":"main collector","french":"collecteur principal [m.]","description":"قناة لاستقبال مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُنصرفة من المناطق الفرعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109364"},{"id":109365,"arabic":"صَرْف شريانيّ (مُجمّع)","english":"main pipe","french":"canalisation principale (collecteur) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109365"},{"id":109366,"arabic":"قناة تجميع صرف صحي","english":"main sewer","french":"collecteur d'égout principal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109366"},{"id":109367,"arabic":"صِيانة وحدات معالجة مياه الصرف المنزلية","english":"maintenance of domestic sewage treatment plants","french":"maintenance des stations d'épuration domestiques [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109367"},{"id":109368,"arabic":"قناة يمكن للإنسان الدخول إليها","english":"man-accessible sewer","french":"canalisation à dimension d'homme [f.]; canalisation visitable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109368"},{"id":109369,"arabic":"غِطاء حفرة التفتيش","english":"manhole cover","french":"couvercle de puits [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109369"},{"id":109370,"arabic":"بئر مَصرف مَجاري احتياطي","english":"manhole, connecting","french":"cuve de transfert","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109370"},{"id":109371,"arabic":"بئر تفتيش ومراقبة","english":"manhole; entry shaft","french":"regard de visite [m.]; puits de visite [m.]","description":"بئر لدخول القنوات الموجودة أسفل سطح الأرض أو منظومات الصرف الموجودة تحت الأرض. (DIN EN 1917:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109371"},{"id":109372,"arabic":"تحويل مياه الصرف إلى البحر","english":"marine waste discharge","french":"rejet en mer d'eaux résiduaires [m.]; déversement d'eaux usées en mer [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109372"},{"id":109373,"arabic":"إجمالي الرشح","english":"mass infiltration","french":"volume d'eau infiltrée","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109373"},{"id":109374,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط يوميّ للتدفُّق والتصريف","english":"mean daily flow of discharge","french":"débit journalier moyen d'écoulement ou d'affluence [m.]","description":"متوسط قيمة التدفق أو التصريف في الطقس الجاف خلال 24 ساعة. رمز المُعادلات: Q24 (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109374"},{"id":109375,"arabic":"متوسط التدفق والتصريف في الساعة","english":"mean flow per hour of discharge","french":"débit moyen journalier par heure d'écoulement [m.]","description":"متوسط التصريف أو التدفق في الطقس الجاف، والذي يُحسب من مجموع التصريف أو مجموع التدفق أثناء الطقس الجاف في يوم واحد. رمز المُعادلات: Qt (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109375"},{"id":109376,"arabic":"تجهيزة صعود","english":"means of entry","french":"moyen d’accès [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109376"},{"id":109377,"arabic":"فترة الأساس","english":"measurement period","french":"période de mesure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109377"},{"id":109378,"arabic":"تحوُّل غِذائيّ","english":"metabolism","french":"métabolisme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109378"},{"id":109379,"arabic":"حفر الأنفاق الدقيقة","english":"microtunnelling","french":"microtunnelage [m.]","description":"عملية أحادية المرحلة يمكن التحكّم فيها، تُستخدم لمد خطوط أنابيب يصل قطرها الداخلي إلى 1 متر، ويجري التحكم في هذه العملية عن بُعد من موقع تحكم خارج النفق، بحيث يتم إدخال الأنابيب خلف ماكينة حفر النفق مُباشرةً. ملحوظة: في البداية كان بناء الأنفاق الدقيقة مُقتصراً على أنابيب بقطر 1000 DN، وقد مكّن التقدم التقني من مدّ خطوط أنابيب بأقطار أكبر من ذلك. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109379"},{"id":109380,"arabic":"بِناء الأنفاق الدقيقة بواسطة حفّار لولبيّ","english":"microtunnelling with auger spoil removal","french":"microtunnelage à marinage par vis [m.]","description":"عملية يُجرى فيها نقل التُربة المُفككة من الأنفاق الدقيقة بواسطة حفّار لولبي. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109380"},{"id":109381,"arabic":"بِناء الأنفاق الدقيقة بواسطة تفتيت وشفط التُربة","english":"microtunnelling with spoil removal by vacuum","french":"microtunnelage à marinage par aspiration [m.]","description":"عملية يُجرى فيها نقل التُربة المُفككة بواسطة الهواء المضغوط. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109381"},{"id":109382,"arabic":"مواد غذائية معدنية للنبات","english":"mineral plant nutrient","french":"éléments nutritifs pour les plantes [m.]","description":"مُركّبات عضوية وغير عضوية لازمة لنمو النباتات. (انظر: سماد غير عضوي)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109382"},{"id":109383,"arabic":"أدنى عَرْض للخندق","english":"minimum trench width","french":"largeur minimale de tranchée [f.]","description":"الحد الأدنى - لدواعي السلامة والأمان ولأسباب تتعلّق بأعمال التنفيذ - للبُعد بين جداري الخندق عند الحافة العلوية للطبقة القاعدية السُفلى، أو بين ألواح الخندق (دُعامات تأمين الخندق) - في حالة استخدامها - عند كل عُمق.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109383"},{"id":109384,"arabic":"مياه استرطابية","english":"moisture, hygroscopic / hygroscopic water / moisture of condensation","french":"humidité hygroscopique [f.]","description":"عملية تجرى عند إصلاح وصيانة شبكة أنابيب، وفيها يملأ التجويف الحلقي الموجود بين أنبوب مُمتد وبين خط الأنابيب الجديد عن طريق استخدام الأسمنت أو الخرسانة قليلة المسام.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109384"},{"id":109385,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط المُعدَّل الشهريّ للتصريف","english":"monthly discharge, mean","french":"débit mensuel, moyen [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109385"},{"id":109386,"arabic":"مُعَّدل شهريّ للمدد النهريّ","english":"monthly runoff, mean","french":"quantité de précipitation mensuelle moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109386"},{"id":109387,"arabic":"خندق مُتعدِّد الغُرف","english":"multi-compartment pit / multi-chamber cesspit","french":"fosse septique à chambres multiples [f.]","description":"محطة صغيرة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، تتكوّن من العديد من الأقسام والأحواض المُتتالية، مثل حوض الترسيب مُتعدد الأقسام لفصل الحمأة، وكذلك حوض التخمير مُتعدد الأقسام لفصل الحمأة والتخمّر اللا هوائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109387"},{"id":109388,"arabic":"تصريف طبيعيّ","english":"natural flow","french":"débit naturel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109388"},{"id":109389,"arabic":"مَناسِيب الأرض الطبيعية","english":"natural surface level; ground level","french":"niveau de terrain [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109389"},{"id":109390,"arabic":"شَبَكَة أنابيب","english":"network","french":"réseau de conduites [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109390"},{"id":109391,"arabic":"قُطر إسمي","english":"nominal diameter","french":"diamètre nominal [m.]","description":"رمز المُعادلات: DN (انظر: المقاس الإسمى (DN))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109391"},{"id":109392,"arabic":"مقاس إسمى (DN)","english":"nominal size (DN) / nominal size (NS) (width)","french":"diamètre nominal (DN) [m.] / taille nominale (TN) [f.] / dimension nominale (DN) [f.]","description":"قيمة عددية مُميّزة لمقاس جزء من أنبوب يُطابق أبعاد تصنيعه بالمليمتر. إلا أنها لا تسري على الأجزاء الملولبة (المقلوظة) من الأنابيب. الاختصار: DN وحدة القياس: ملِّي (DIN EN 12200-1:2001) (انظر: [قُطر إسمي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109391))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109392"},{"id":109393,"arabic":"مِرحاض فَصْل","english":"NoMix toilet / sorting toilet / urine diversion toilet","french":"toilette à séparation [f.]","description":"مرحاض يعمل بطريقة التجميع المنفصل للغائط عن ماء الصرف الصحيّ المحتوية على غائط وماء شطف وورق المرحاض والبول، عن الماء الأصفر المحتوي على بول وماء شطف. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2008 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109393"},{"id":109394,"arabic":"الاحتياج للمُغذيّات","english":"nutrient requirement","french":"besoins en substances nutritives [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109394"},{"id":109395,"arabic":"مُوصِّل مكشوف","english":"open channel; open canal","french":"canal ouvert [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109395"},{"id":109396,"arabic":"قطْع مكشوف","english":"open-cut","french":"excavation à ciel ouvert  [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109396"},{"id":109397,"arabic":"جِهاز فحص بصريّ لشبكات الصرف","english":"optical equipment for sewer inspection","french":"appareil optique pour l'examen des canalisations [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109397"},{"id":109398,"arabic":"قناة خروج","english":"outfall","french":"émissaire [m.] / déversoir d'orage [m.] / exutoire [m.]","description":"مُنشأة أو موضع توجَّه منه مياه الصرف الصحي إلى محطة مُعالجتها أو إلى مجرى مائي. (DIN EN 752:2008; DIN EN 1085:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109398"},{"id":109399,"arabic":"مَخْرَج تفريغ","english":"outlet channel / discharge channel","french":"canal de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109399"},{"id":109400,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صَرْف","english":"outlet pipe","french":"tuyau d'écoulement [m.]; tuyau de sortie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109400"},{"id":109401,"arabic":"مُنشأة تصريف","english":"outlet structure","french":"ouvrage d'écoulement [m.] / ouvrage de sortie [m.]","description":"تجهيزات إنشائية توجد في نهاية القنوات وشبكات الصرف الصحيّ، ووصلات الضغط الخاصة بمياه الصرف الصحيّ، وذلك لتفريغ مياهها في مجرى مائيّ. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109401"},{"id":109402,"arabic":"مُنشأة تصريف","english":"outlet works","french":"ouvrage de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109402"},{"id":109403,"arabic":"مَخرج المياه المُختلِطة","english":"outlet, combined water","french":"déversoir d’eau mixte [m.]","description":"مَخرج تصريف لقناة فيض في نظام مُختلط. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: MA. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109403"},{"id":109404,"arabic":"مَخرج مياه الأمطار","english":"outlet, stormwater","french":"déversoir d'orage [m.]","description":"مُنشأة تصريف لقنوات مياه الأمطار في نظام الفصل. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: RA (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109404"},{"id":109405,"arabic":"مَصْرِف (هندسة الصرف الصحيّ)","english":"outlet; outfall","french":"émissaire [m.]; siphon avaloir [m.]","description":"جزء من شبكة الصرف الذي تنتقل من خلاله مياه الصرف الصحي إلى شبكة الصرف الرئيسية، مثل البالوعات الموجودة في الشوارع (بالوعات الأمطار) أو في الحمّامات أو في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109405"},{"id":109406,"arabic":"شِقّ دائِري","english":"overcut","french":"surcoupe [f.]","description":"فجوة حلقية حول الأنبوب يتم حفرها باستخدام رأس حفر أو درع قطره أكبر من القطر الخارجي لهذا الأنبوب. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109406"},{"id":109407,"arabic":"حمل طارئ","english":"overdammed backwater; exceptional water level","french":"submersion [f.]","description":"زيادة محدودة مُؤقتة في منسوب المياه، غير مُخطط لها، عن المنسوب الطبيعي المطلوب. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109407"},{"id":109408,"arabic":"قناة الفيض","english":"overflow channel","french":"canal de décharge [m.]","description":"قناة لتصريف مياه الصرف التي تتجاوز مجرىً مُحدداً. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109408"},{"id":109409,"arabic":"تصريف (ال...) النوعيّ للمطر","english":"overflow rainfall intensity","french":"intensité de pluie déversoir (intensité de pluie déversées) [f.]","description":"الكثافة النظرية للأمطار، التي يتم حسابها من كمية تصريف الأمطار خلف مفيض التصريف، وذلك ارتباطاً بالمساحة المُمهّدة. رمز المُعادلات: rab (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109409"},{"id":109410,"arabic":"مخلص مزدوج المنحنيين","english":"overflow spillway; ogee type spillway","french":"évacuateur de surface [m.]","description":"قطاع في سد مُصمم ليسمح بمرور المياه فوق قمته، ويُستعمل بكثرة في السدود التثاقلية والعقدية والمُدعمة والمُجوفة. (انظر: [مخلص منعكس المنحنيين](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107843)) (انظر: [مَخْلص حر](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107844))) (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109410"},{"id":109411,"arabic":"مَفِيض حوض المياه المختلطة","english":"overflow structure for settled combined water","french":"déversoir de clarification pour l'eau usée unitaire [m.]","description":"مجرى (تحويل) خاص بحَوْض مياه الأمطار مزود بمفيض، يجري عن طريقه تحويل المياه المُختلطة المُعالجة ميكانيكياً إلى مجرى الصرف الرئيسي. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: KÜ (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109411"},{"id":109412,"arabic":"عَتَبَة الفيض","english":"overflow threshold; spill threshold","french":"seuil de déversement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109412"},{"id":109413,"arabic":"تصريف سطحيّ","english":"overland flow","french":"écoulement de surface [m.]","description":"المياه المُنصرفة على سطح الأرض، قبل وصولها إلى موضع تجميع الماء المتدفق أو المُنصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109413"},{"id":109414,"arabic":"جزء من منطقة الصرف","english":"part of the drainage area","french":"zone d’assèchement partiel [f.]","description":"جزء من منطقة التصريف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109414"},{"id":109415,"arabic":"نِظام مُختلِط مُعدَّل","english":"partially separate combined system","french":"réseau de type pseudo-séparatif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109415"},{"id":109416,"arabic":"معامل توزيع","english":"partition coefficient","french":"coefficient de répartition [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109416"},{"id":109417,"arabic":"مُعامِل ذروة التصريف","english":"peak discharge coefficient; peak runoff coefficient","french":"coefficient de débit de pointe [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة القيمة القصوى لمُعدَّل تصريف الأمطار (maxmaxs\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109417"},{"id":109418,"arabic":"ذروة التدفق","english":"peak flow","french":"débit de pointe [m.]","description":"أقصى كمية من السائل تتدفق في مقطع مُستعرَض مُعين للجريان وفي وحدة زمنية مُعينة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109418"},{"id":109419,"arabic":"مُعامِل ذروة الاستهلاك","english":"peak flow factor","french":"facteur de pointe de débit [m.]","description":"النسبة بين ذُروة الاستهلاك ومتوسطه في المُدة الزمنية ذاتها. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109419"},{"id":109420,"arabic":"ذُروة التدُّفق في الساعة خلال فترة الجفاف","english":"peak hourly dry weather flow","french":"débit de pointe horaire de temps sec [m.]","description":"أقصى تدفق في الساعة أثناء فترة الجفاف خلال مدة زمنية قدرها 24 ساعة. وحدة القياس: م3/ساعة، لتر/ثانية (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109420"},{"id":109421,"arabic":"مُحِيط مبتل","english":"perimeter, wetted","french":"périmètre mouillé [m.]","description":"الحدّ المبتل لمجرى مائي مفتوح عند مقطع مُستعرض مُحدد. رمز المُعادلات: U, أو u\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109421"},{"id":109422,"arabic":"مُدة التركيز","english":"period of concentration / time of concentration","french":"temps de concentration [m.]","description":"الزمن الذي يحتاجه تدفق مياه الأمطار للوصول من أبعد نقطة في المستجمع (من المنظور الهيدروليّ) إلى نقطة مُحددة في شبكة الصرف. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109422"},{"id":109423,"arabic":"ركيزة خشبية","english":"piling, timber","french":"ais de palplanches [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109423"},{"id":109424,"arabic":"قَطْع رائد","english":"pilot cut","french":"tranchée pilote","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109424"},{"id":109425,"arabic":"طريقة تفجير الأنبوب","english":"pipe bursting","french":"procédé d'éclatement d'un tuyau","description":"طريقة من طرق استبدال الأنابيب، ويتم فيها التخلص من الأنبوب القديم عن طريق تكسيره من الداخل وإزاحته مع التربة المُحيطة في نفس الوقت بواسطة جهاز توسيع، مثل مطرقة تعمل بالهواء المضغوط، أو مطرقة هيدرولية، أو جهاز توسيع هيدرولي، أو مخروط متين يُضغط ويُسحب عبر الأنبوب القديم، ويلي ذلك تركيب الأنبوب الجديد ذي نفس القطر أو قطر أكبر. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109425"},{"id":109426,"arabic":"جِهاز دفع الأنبوب إلى الأمام","english":"pipe driver","french":"pousse-tubes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109426"},{"id":109427,"arabic":"طريقة استبدال الأنبوب","english":"pipe extraction method","french":"procédé de remplacement de tuyaux [m.]","description":"(انظر: [طريقة سَحْب الأنبوب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109428))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109427"},{"id":109428,"arabic":"طريقة سَحْب الأنبوب","english":"pipe extraction method","french":"pose avec extraction [f.]","description":"طريقة من طرق استبدال الأنابيب، وفيها يستخرج الأنبوب القديم عن طريق السحب أو الكبس ويُستبدل في ذات الوقت بأنبوب جديد. وإذا كان قطر الأنبوب الجديد أكبر بكثير من قطر الأنبوب القديم يُستخدم عندئذ جهاز توسيع. (انظر: [طريقة استبدال الأنبوب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109427)). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) - لائحة رقم: 125:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109428"},{"id":109429,"arabic":"دفع الأنابيب","english":"pipe jacking; pipe driving","french":"poussage de tubes (nouvelle construction) [m.]; fonçage [m.]","description":"عملية يجري فيها تركيب الأنابيب تباعاً أنبوباً بعد أنبوب خلف رأس الحفر و/أو اللوح مُباشرةً بواسطة الدفع الهيدروليّ من خندق بدء الحفر، وبذلك يتم مَدّ خط الأنابيب في التُربة. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109429"},{"id":109430,"arabic":"مَخْرَج الأنبوب","english":"pipe outlet","french":"prise d'eau à buse","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109430"},{"id":109431,"arabic":"مَدُّ الأنابيب بالدفع الأفقيّ","english":"pipe pushing","french":"poussage de tube [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109431"},{"id":109432,"arabic":"دَقُّ الأنابيب","english":"pipe ramming","french":"enfoncement des tubes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109432"},{"id":109433,"arabic":"مَدُّ الأنابيب بالكبس الأفقي بواسطة أنبوب مسدود المقدمة","english":"pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end","french":"battage de tuyau fermé [m.]","description":"طريقة لمدّ الأنابيب، وفيها يُدفع أنبوب صُلب مُغلق بتأثير قوة الكبس، حيث يتم إحلال النهاية المسدودة للأنبوب محل التربة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109433"},{"id":109434,"arabic":"ترميم الأنبوب","english":"pipe rehabilitation","french":"réhabilitation des conduites [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109434"},{"id":109435,"arabic":"مّقْطَع أنبوبي","english":"pipe section","french":"section de tuyau [f.]; tronçon de tuyau [m.]","description":"مقطع أنبوبي قصير(دون جلبة) لا يقل طوله عن 300 مم. (DIN EN 295-1:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109435"},{"id":109436,"arabic":"خط أنابيب","english":"pipe string","french":"train de tubes","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109436"},{"id":109437,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مع تفريعة","english":"pipe with inlet","french":"tuyau avec branchement [m.]","description":"أنبوب يزود أثناء عملية تصنيعه أو بعدها بفتحة سحب واحدة أو أكثر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109437"},{"id":109438,"arabic":"أُنْبوب ذو غلاف داخلي","english":"pipe with internal lining","french":"tuyau à revêtement intérieur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109438"},{"id":109439,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مستدير","english":"pipe, circular","french":"tube circulaire [m.]","description":"أنبوب يكوِّن مقطعُه العرضي، عند مُستوى عمودي على محوره الطولي، دائرة مُتحدة المركز. (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109439"},{"id":109440,"arabic":"أُنْبوبة مؤتلفة","english":"pipe, composite","french":"tuyau composé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109440"},{"id":109441,"arabic":"أُنْبوب وصْل","english":"pipe, connecting","french":"tuyau de raccordement [m.]","description":"(انظر: [أُنْبوب توصيل](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=102507))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109441"},{"id":109442,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مَرِن","english":"pipe, flexible","french":"tuyau flexible [m.]","description":"أنبوب تتحدّد درجة مُقاومته في حيث أنه يتشوّه تحت تأثير تحميل يصل إلى حدّ الحمولة القصوى التصميمية دون تعرّضه لانكسار أو زيادة الإجهاد. (DIN EN 476:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109442"},{"id":109443,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مَرِن","english":"pipe, flexible","french":"tuyau flexible [m.]","description":"أنبوب تتحدّد قدرة تحمله بقيمةٍ قصوى مُحددة للتشوّه (تشوّه المقطع العرضي و\\أو الاستطالة) تحت تأثير التحميل (سلوك مرن) دون أن يتعرض للانكسار أو زيادة الإجهاد. (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109443"},{"id":109444,"arabic":"أُنْبوب مُقوى بألياف زجاجية","english":"pipe, glass fibre reinforced","french":"tuyau, renforcé en fibres de verre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109444"},{"id":109445,"arabic":"أُنْبوب خرسانيّ سابِق الإجهاد","english":"pipe, prestressed concrete","french":"tuyau en béton précontraint [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109445"},{"id":109446,"arabic":"أُنْبوب خرسانيّ سابِق الإجهاد بالضغط","english":"pipe, prestressed concrete pressure","french":"tuyau résistant à la pression en béton précontraint [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109446"},{"id":109447,"arabic":"أُنْبوب من الخرسانة المسلحة","english":"pipe, reinforced concrete","french":"tuyau en béton armé [m.]; tuyau de fon cage [m.]","description":"أنبوب مصنوع من الخرسانة المُدعمة بشبكة تسليح أو أكثر، وهذا النوع من الأنابيب مُصمّم بحيث يمتص إجهادات الشدّ المؤثرة على جدرانها. (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109447"},{"id":109448,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صلب","english":"pipe, rigid","french":"tuyau rigide [m.]","description":"أنبوب تتحدّد درجة مُقاومته من حيث أنه ينكسر/ أو يمكن زيادة الإجهاد عليه دون أن يتشوّه مقطعه العرضي تشوّهاً ملحوظاً. (DIN EN 476:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109448"},{"id":109449,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صلب","english":"pipe, rigid","french":"tuyau rigide [m.]","description":"أنبوب تتحدّد قدرة تحمله من خلال تعرّضه للانكسار دون حدوث تشوّه خطير في المقطع العرضي (سلوك جاسئ). (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109449"},{"id":109450,"arabic":"أُنْبوب نصف صلب","english":"pipe, semi-rigid","french":"tuyau semi-rigide [m.]","description":"أنبوب تتحدّد قدرة تحمله من خلال التشوّه أو الانكسار أو زيادة الإجهاد. (DIN EN 476:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109450"},{"id":109451,"arabic":"أُنْبوب نصف مَرِن","english":"pipe, semi-rigid","french":"tuyau semi-rigide [m.]","description":"أنبوب تتحدد قدرة تحمله وفق قدرته التحملية و\\أو شروط التركيب عند تعرضه للتشوه أو زيادة الإجهاد، (أي سلوك مرن) أو الانكسار (سلوك جاسئ). (DIN EN 805:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109451"},{"id":109452,"arabic":"أُنْبوب قصير","english":"pipe, short","french":"tuyau court [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109452"},{"id":109453,"arabic":"أُنْبوب فخاريّ مُزَجَّج","english":"pipe, vitrified clay","french":"tuyau en grès [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109453"},{"id":109454,"arabic":"أُنْبوب","english":"pipe; tube","french":"tuyau [m.]","description":"1- جزء مُستقيم من شبكة أنابيب ذات قطر داخلي موحد، بما في ذلك وصلة بذيل ورأس، والنهايات ذات الفلانشات. (DIN EN 805:2000) 2- مكوّن مجوَّف مُسبق الصُنع من الخرسانة بـ أو دون قدم، وذو مقطع عرضي داخلي موحَّد على كامل طوله. ووصلات هذا المكوّن تكون مُعدَّة مُسبقاً كنهايات مخروطية وذات جلب، مع عُنصر أو عدة عناصر لمنع التسرّب. (DIN EN 1916:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109454"},{"id":109455,"arabic":"إنشاء خط أنابيب","english":"pipeline construction","french":"construction de conduites [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109455"},{"id":109456,"arabic":"مَسار توصيل","english":"pipeline route","french":"tracé du pipeline","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109456"},{"id":109457,"arabic":"خَطُّ أنابيب مدفون","english":"pipeline, buried","french":"conduites tubulaires enterrées","description":"خط أنابيب ممدود تحت سطح الأرض، ومُصمّم بحيث يتحمّل الأحمال الخارجية التي قد يتعرّض لها، مثل تلك الناجمة عن ضغط التُربة، وأحمال المركبات المارة عليها، وكذلك الأحمال التراكمية، وضغط المياه الجوفية. (DIN EN 14364:2006)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109457"},{"id":109458,"arabic":"خَطُّ أنابيب","english":"pipline","french":"ligne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109458"},{"id":109459,"arabic":"حفرة تسريب","english":"pit, drainage","french":"puits d'infiltration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109459"},{"id":109460,"arabic":"حفرة أولية للترسيب","english":"pit, starting / trench, launching","french":"fouille de fondation initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109460"},{"id":109461,"arabic":"مَحَطّة جاهزة البناء لمُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"plant, sewage treatment, prefabricated","french":"station d'épuration préfabriquée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109461"},{"id":109462,"arabic":"تكسية لدائنية","english":"plastic coating","french":"revêtement en matière plastique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109462"},{"id":109463,"arabic":"بِطانة لدائنية","english":"plastic filling lining","french":"revêtement synthétique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109463"},{"id":109464,"arabic":"كَثافة سُكّانية","english":"population density","french":"densité de population [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109464"},{"id":109465,"arabic":"هَدّار نَقّال","english":"portable flume / weir, portable","french":"déversoir de jaugeage, mobile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109465"},{"id":109466,"arabic":"تبطين بمونة الإسمنت البورتلاندي","english":"Portland cement mortar lining","french":"revêtement de mortier de ciment [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109466"},{"id":109467,"arabic":"عامِل ترسيب (النوع البيولوجيّ والكيميائيّ)","english":"precipitation agent (biological and chemical type)","french":"agent de précipitation (biologique et chimique) [m.]","description":"النسبة المئوية لكمية الصرف الصحي من كمية الأمطار التي تهطل على منطقة مُعينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109467"},{"id":109468,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُترسِّبة","english":"precipitation sludge","french":"boue de précipitation [f.]","description":"الصرف الخارج الذي تؤثر فيه مياه الجزء السُفلي من المجرى المائي على منسوب الجزء العلوي منه. (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109468"},{"id":109469,"arabic":"مجرى مغلق تحت ضغط","english":"pressure conduit; pressure pipe","french":"conduite en charge [m.]","description":"أنبوب لنقل مياه الصرف الصحي تحت ضغط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109469"},{"id":109470,"arabic":"صَرْف تحت الضغط","english":"pressure drainage","french":"évacuation des eaux sous pression [f.]","description":"تصريف مياه الصرف الصحي من المُنشآت المطمورة أو المناطق المُنخفضة، حيث تُضخ مياه الصرف الصحي، بواسطة محطة ضخ مُركبة في نقطة عميقة، إلى مُجمع التصريف المُركب في نقطة أعلى.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109470"},{"id":109471,"arabic":"شبكة صرف تحت الضغط","english":"pressure drainage system","french":"installations d'évacuation des eaux sous pression [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109471"},{"id":109472,"arabic":"خط ضغْط مياه الصرْف الصحيّ","english":"pressure main","french":"conduite sous pression [f.] / conduite forcée pour l'eau résiduaire [f.]","description":"خط أنابيب لنقل مياه الصرف تحت ضغط. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109472"},{"id":109473,"arabic":"شبكة صرف تحت الضغط (DES)","english":"pressure sewerage system (PSS)","french":"système de drainage de pression[m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109473"},{"id":109474,"arabic":"شبكة مجارير تعمل بالضخ","english":"pressurized water pipelines","french":"canalisation d’eau sous pression [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109474"},{"id":109475,"arabic":"مُعالَجة أولية","english":"pre-treatment","french":"prétraitement [m.]","description":"في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي تغيير جودة مياه الصرف الصحي قبل تحويلها إلى شبكة الصرف العامة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109475"},{"id":109476,"arabic":"مِضخّة تصريف المياه من الأقبية","english":"pump, cellar drainage","french":"pompe de drainage pour cave [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109476"},{"id":109477,"arabic":"مِضخّة دَوّامية","english":"pump, vortex vacuum gear","french":"pompe à rotor tourbillonnaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109477"},{"id":109478,"arabic":"وُصْلة ذكر وأنثى مُتحركة","english":"push-in flexible joint","french":"assemblage flexible mécanique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109478"},{"id":109479,"arabic":"تصريف المطر","english":"rain discharge / run-off, rainfall / runoff","french":"écoulement de pluie [m.]","description":"مياه الهطولات التي تجري على سطح الأرض وتسري إلى شبكة صرف أو مجرى مائي. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109479"},{"id":109480,"arabic":"دَوام (ال...) السنويّ لهطول الأمطار","english":"rainfall duration, annual","french":"chute de pluie annuelle (durée de pluie annuelle) [f.]","description":"مجموع الفترات الزمنية التي تتساقط فيها الأمطار خلال عام واحد. رمز المُعادلات: Da (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109480"},{"id":109481,"arabic":"مدة الهطول التصميمية","english":"rainfall duration, design","french":"durée de la pluie dessiné (durée de la pluie pour le dimensionnement d'un bassin) [f.]","description":"المُدة الزمنية المحسوبة لهطول الأمطار، والتي يعتمد عليها تحديد قياس وأبعاد خزانات وقنوات حجز مياه الأمطار. رمز المُعادلات: Dm\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109481"},{"id":109482,"arabic":"شِدَة (ال...) الحَرِجة للأمطار","english":"rainfall intensity at which a stormwater overflow will come into action","french":"intensité de pluie critique [f.]","description":"كثافة الأمطار التي لا يكون مفيض الحوض، تبعاً للقدر المحسوب، قد امتلأ عندها تماماً. رمز المُعادلات: rKrit (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109482"},{"id":109483,"arabic":"مُنحنى دوام شِدّة الأمطار","english":"rainfall intensity-duration curve","french":"courbe de quantité de pluie par seconde et par unité de surface [f.]","description":"عرض بياني للعلاقة بين كثافة الأمطار ومُدة (دوام) هطولها. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109483"},{"id":109484,"arabic":"منحنى شِدّة الأمطار","english":"rainfall intensity-duration curve","french":"courbe de pluviosité [f.]","description":"رسم بياني يوضح العلاقة بين شدة الهطل المطري ومُدته. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109484"},{"id":109485,"arabic":"مُنحنى تراكُميّ للأمطار","english":"rainfall summation curve","french":"courbe cumulée de pluie (courbe des pluies cumulées) [f.]","description":"مُنحني إجمالي للقيم البيانية للأمطار (التواتر، الارتفاع، المُدة الزمنية، مثلاً) مُوَقَّعة بدلالة الكثافة المُتزايدة للأمطار. مثال ذلك: مُنحني إجمالي تواتر الأمطار، مُنحني إجمالي ارتفاع الأمطار، مُنحني إجمالي مُدة هطول الأمطار. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109485"},{"id":109486,"arabic":"كَمّية مطر زائدة","english":"rainfall, net / rainfall, excess","french":"excédent de pluie [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109486"},{"id":109487,"arabic":"فَرْع شِرْياني","english":"ramification","french":"ramification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109487"},{"id":109488,"arabic":"حبس","english":"reach","french":"bassin de submersion","description":"نطاق القنطرة الذي يتأثر بحجز المياه فيه. (DIN 4048-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109488"},{"id":109489,"arabic":"حبس","english":"reach (sewer)","french":"bief [m.]; tronçon [m.]","description":"المقطع الكامل لقناة أو أنبوب صرف صحيّ الذي يقع، مثلاً، بين بالوعتين أو مُنشآت صرف خاصة أو فتحة تفتيش و/أو تنظيف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109489"},{"id":109490,"arabic":"مُوَسِّع الحَفر","english":"reamer","french":"réaléseur [m.]","description":"رأس الحفر المثبَّته في نهاية أنبوب حَفر لتوسيع مسار الأنبوب الرائد عن طريق السحب أو الدفع، وذلك من أجل إدخال أنبوب - أو عدة أنابيب - مياه أو أنبوب صرف. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109490"},{"id":109491,"arabic":"إعادة التدوير","english":"recirculation (recycling); reuse","french":"recirculation [f.]; recyclage [m.]","description":"إعادة استخدام المواد من جديد، إمّا للغرض نفسه (إعادة التدوير) أو في أغراض أخرى. (موضوعات الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2008 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109491"},{"id":109492,"arabic":"لَوحَة تصغير","english":"reducing slab","french":"plaque de transition [f.]","description":"جزء يكون بمثابة نهاية أفقية لبئر مُراقبة حلقي، ويكون مُزوداً بفتحة لاحتواء جزء آخر يقع فوقه. (DIN EN 1917:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109492"},{"id":109493,"arabic":"توازن التحات والترسيب","english":"regime / regimen of a river","french":"régime de rivière [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109493"},{"id":109494,"arabic":"قناة الفائض","english":"relief sewer; outlet channel","french":"canal de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109494"},{"id":109495,"arabic":"شبكات الصرف الصحيّ ذات تحكُّم عن بُعد","english":"remote controlled sewers","french":"télégestion des réseaux d'assainissement [f.]","description":"(انظر: التَحكُّم في التصريف)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109495"},{"id":109496,"arabic":"تجديد","english":"renovation","french":"rénovation [f.]","description":"في شبكات وقنوات الصرف الصحيّ، إجراءات لتحسين كفاءة التشغيل الراهنة مع أخذ بِنيتها كلياً أو جزئياً في الاعتبار. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109496"},{"id":109497,"arabic":"تجديد","english":"replacement","french":"renouvellement","description":"إنشاء قنوات وخطوط صرف جديدة لمياه الصرف الصحيّ في الخطوط الممدودة بالفعل، أو في خطوط أخرى، حيث تقوم المنظومات الجديدة بوظائف خطوط وقنوات الصرف الأصلية. ((DIN EN 752 (4/2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109497"},{"id":109498,"arabic":"شَرْط","english":"reservation","french":"réserve [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109498"},{"id":109499,"arabic":"حيز التخزين","english":"reservoir / storage capacity / storage","french":"capacité de stockage [f.]","description":"الحيز الواقع بين وادٍ ومستوى تخيليّ في نفس مُستوى حافة مفيض السد أو الحافة العلوية لبوابة في وضع حجز المياه. رمز المُعادلات: Is، وحدة القياس: م3 (انظر: السعة الكلية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109499"},{"id":109500,"arabic":"منحنى حَيَدان مجموع التصاريف","english":"residual discharge mass curve / residual discharge mass diagram","french":"courbe de déviation des débits cumulés [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109500"},{"id":109501,"arabic":"تنفُّس باطنيّ","english":"respiration, endogenous","french":"respiration de base [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109501"},{"id":109502,"arabic":"حِصّة مياه الصرْف الصحيّ الناتجة عن مكان ما","english":"resultant wastewater","french":"débit des eaux usées [m.]","description":"كمية مياه الصرف (المياه الدخيلة، ومياه الصرف الصحي المنزلية والصناعية والتجارية) التي تنشأ من خلال استخدام المياه النظيفة أو تحويلها. وقد تكون على سبيل المثال لشقة سكنية (بوحدة قياس: لتر لكل ساكن ويوم)، أو لحي، أو لمصنع.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109502"},{"id":109503,"arabic":"حَوْض إعاقة","english":"retention basin","french":"bassin de retenue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109503"},{"id":109504,"arabic":"زمن المكوث","english":"retention time / residence time","french":"temps de rétention [m.]","description":"فترة تخزين مياه الصرف الصحي في محطة الضخ. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109504"},{"id":109505,"arabic":"صَلابة","english":"ring stiffness","french":"rigidité [f.]","description":"خاصية ميكانيكية للأنبوب، وتُعتبر مِعياراً تُحدد على أساسه مُقاومته للتشوّهات التي تلحق بمقطعه المُستعرض جراء تأثير القوى الخارجية عليه. (انظر: جَساءة قُطرية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109505"},{"id":109506,"arabic":"تهذيب مَجرى النهر","english":"river training","french":"régularisation de rivière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109506"},{"id":109507,"arabic":"أعمال تهذيب مجرى النهر","english":"river training and control works","french":"régularisation de rivière et ingénierie fluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109507"},{"id":109508,"arabic":"نَهْر رسوبيّ","english":"river, alluvial","french":"rivière, alluviale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109508"},{"id":109509,"arabic":"نَهْر قاعيّ","english":"river, incised","french":"fleuve découpé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109509"},{"id":109510,"arabic":"مد الأنابيب بالضغط والحفر الأفقيّ مع استخدام كاسحة الوحْل","english":"rod pushing with a reamer","french":"forage à la tarière horizontal avec racleur [m.]","description":"عملية يتم فيها حفر التُربة عن طريق إدخال حفّار أنابيب بالضغط، ثم يتم تركيب الأنبوب المعنيّ الجديد في موضعه بكبسه إلى داخل النفق خلف كاسحة وَحْل دوّارة. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109510"},{"id":109511,"arabic":"مد الأنابيب بالضغط والحفر الأفقيّ مع استخدام آلة توسيع","english":"rod pushing with an expander","french":"forage à la tarière horizontal avec machine d'expansion [m.]","description":"عملية يتم فيها حفر التُربة عن طريق إدخال حفّار أنابيب بالضغط، ثم تركيب الأنبوب المعنيّ في موضعه بكبسه أو ضغطه إلى داخل النفق خلف ماكينة التوسيع. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109511"},{"id":109512,"arabic":"تنظيف (ال...) بأداة تَسْليك","english":"rodding","french":"nettoyage avec tiges [m.]","description":"استخدام جهاز مُناسب مُثبت على قضيب مرن لإزالة العوائق والرواسب في شبكات وقنوات الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109512"},{"id":109513,"arabic":"صَرْف مياه أسقف المباني","english":"roof drainage of buildings","french":"évacuation des eaux pluviales [f.]","description":"شبكات الأنابيب والملحقات التي تمر داخل المبنى وخارجه والتي تكون مُثبته به جيداً، إضافةً إلى خطوط الصرف الرئيسية المُمتدة تحت المبنى حتى نقطة التقائها مع خطوط أنابيب المبنى الممدودة تحت الأرض. وهذه الشبكات تُستخدم للتخلّص من مياه الأمطار.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109513"},{"id":109514,"arabic":"مانع تسّرب حلقيّ مُنزلِق","english":"rotary seal","french":"joint d'étanchéité rotatif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109514"},{"id":109515,"arabic":"مُعدَّل تصريف الأمطار","english":"runoff discharge rate","french":"quantité d'écoulement de pluie [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة كمية تصريف الأمطار على مساحة منطقة التصريف. رمز المُعادلات: qR (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109515"},{"id":109516,"arabic":"تَصْريف (ال...) الحَرِج لمياه الأمطار","english":"runoff, critical","french":"écoulement de pluie, critique [m.]","description":"نسبة التصريف الحاسمة للأمطار والناجمة عن الكثافة الحرجة للأمطار من منطقة التصريف المعنية مُباشرةً. رمز المُعادلات: QRkrit\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109516"},{"id":109517,"arabic":"صرف","english":"run-off; flow","french":"débit [m.]","description":"في منطقة تجميع الصرف، كمية المياه التي تمر عبر مقطع مُستعرض مُعين في وحدة زمنية مُعينة. (انظر: دفق، [سَرَيان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103292)) رمز المُعادلات: Q. وحدة القياس: لتر/ثانية، م³/ثانية","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109517"},{"id":109518,"arabic":"موازنة العيّنات","english":"sample stabilisation","french":"stabilisation de l'échantillon [f.]","description":"استخدام تجهيزات كروية الشكل ذات سطح خشن، يسحبها تيار الماء معه في اتجاه الجريان عبر أنابيب أو قنوات الصرف، وذلك بغرض إزالة الترسّبات الموجودة بها. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109518"},{"id":109519,"arabic":"آخذ العيّنات","english":"sampler","french":"échantillonneur [m.]","description":"الجزء العلوي لبئر مَصرف المَجاري، ويتكوّن من إطار وغطاء و/أو حاجز شبكي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109519"},{"id":109520,"arabic":"إدارة مياه الصرف الصحي ومياه الشرب -مقترح-","english":"sanitary environmental engineering","french":"gestion des eaux urbaines","description":"اقتصاديات وإدارة المياه في مجال المناطق السكنية والصناعية/التجارية في المُجتمع المدني كجزء من إجمالي اقتصاديات المياه لمنطقة كبرى مُعينة. وتُعد إدارة مياه هندسة الصرف الصحي، والإمداد بالمياه جزءاً أساسياً من اقتصاديات مياه التجمعات البشرية. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109520"},{"id":109521,"arabic":"شبكة أنابيب الصرف الصحي","english":"sanitary installation","french":"installation sanitaire","description":"شبكة أنابيب صرف صحيّ مُزوّدة بفتحات تهوية أو بدونها، تُرفق بمحطة تصريف مياه. (DIN EN 12056-1:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109521"},{"id":109522,"arabic":"استدامة الصرف الصحي","english":"sanitation, sustainable","french":"l'assainissement durable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109522"},{"id":109523,"arabic":"قُرص الكَسْح","english":"scouring plate","french":"plaque de curage [f.]","description":"(انظر: [درع الكسح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109281))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109523"},{"id":109524,"arabic":"فِعْل التحاتّ","english":"scouring; undercutting","french":"affouillement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109524"},{"id":109525,"arabic":"أكياس لتأمين القنوات ضد التسريب","english":"sealing of duct","french":"étanchéité du caniveau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109525"},{"id":109526,"arabic":"تَنقِية ذاتية","english":"self-purification; self-cleansing","french":"autoépuration [f.]","description":"مقدرة التيار المائي المتدفق في أنبوب أو قناة على جرف الجُسيمات الصلبة معه، وإلا فإنها قد تترسب تلقائياً. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109526"},{"id":109527,"arabic":"حَساسية (فتحة الريّ)","english":"sensitivity","french":"sensibilité [f.]","description":"تجمع البول مع ماء الشطف. الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA): 2008))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109527"},{"id":109528,"arabic":"نِظام الفصْل","english":"separating system","french":"système séparatif [m.] / réseau séparatif [m.]","description":"نظام صرف يتكوّن عادةً من شبكتي أنابيب / قنوات لتصريف مياه الصرف الصحيّ ومياه الأمطار، كلٍّ على حدة. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109528"},{"id":109529,"arabic":"طَريقة الفصْل","english":"separation process","french":"procédé de séparation [m.]","description":"طريقة للتصريف المُنفصل لكل من مياه الصرف الصحي ومياه الأمطار. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109529"},{"id":109530,"arabic":"جِدار فاصِل","english":"separation wall / dividing wall","french":"mur de séparation [m.]","description":"جدران طولية في القنوات المفتوحة أو الأحواض، تُنشأ من أجل الحصول على ارتفاع مناسب لمُعادلة سُرعة التصريف أو تقصير طول الحوض. (انظر: حاجِز مقاوِم، [ضفّة مُرتدة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103389)، [حائط تقسيم](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104270))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109530"},{"id":109531,"arabic":"خندق لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"septic tank","french":"Fosse septique [f.] / puisard [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109531"},{"id":109532,"arabic":"حُفرة ترسيب","english":"septic tank","french":"fosse septique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109532"},{"id":109533,"arabic":"صِهْريج ترسيب","english":"settling pond / decanting basin","french":"bassin de décantation / décanteur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109533"},{"id":109534,"arabic":"مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage / wastewater / wastewater, urban","french":"eaux usées (pl.) [f.] / eau(x) résiduaire(s) / effluent / eaux urbaines résiduelles (pl.) [f.]","description":"مُصطلح شامل للمياه المُتسخة والمُلوّثة جراء الاستخدامات المنزلية والصناعية والتجارية. كما يندرج تحت هذا المُصطلح مياه الساقطة على الأسطح المُمهدة (الشوارع والأسقف) والمُصرّفة منها، والتي تتجه إلى شبكة الصرف. وتحتوي مياه الصرف الصحي على اتساخات وشوائب مُتحللة وغروانية وصلبة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109534"},{"id":109535,"arabic":"تخلّص من مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage disposal","french":"élimination des eaux résiduaires [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109535"},{"id":109536,"arabic":"تجهيزة رفع مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage lifting installation / wastewater lifting facility","french":"installation de relevage pour eaux usées [f.]","description":"نظام صرف خاص بالمنازل والأراضي، الغرض منه تجميع المياه المُلوّثة (المُحتوية وغير المُحتوية على فضلات) ثم رفعها أوتوماتياً، وكذلك مياه الأمطار التي تقع تحت المنسوب الأقصى لمياه الصرف في قناة صرف. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: AHA.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109536"},{"id":109537,"arabic":"محطة مُراقبة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage monitoring station","french":"station de surveillance des eaux usées [f.]","description":"مُنشأة ذات تجهيزات لفحص خواص مياه الصرف الصحي أوتوماتياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109537"},{"id":109538,"arabic":"محطة ضخ مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage pumping station","french":"station de pompage pour les eaux usées [f.]","description":"محطة لرفع مياه الصرف بداخل شبكة من القنوات أو بداخل محطة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف. الاختصار في اللغة الألمانية: PW. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109538"},{"id":109539,"arabic":"محطة ضخ مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage pumping systems","french":"station de relèvement des eaux d'égout [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109539"},{"id":109540,"arabic":"محطة مُسبقة التجهيز صناعياً لمُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage treatment plant, prefabricated / wastewater treatment plant, prefabricated","french":"Installation d'épuration d'eau usée, préfabriquée en usine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109540"},{"id":109541,"arabic":"قناة صرف صحيّ","english":"sewer","french":"collecteur [m.]","description":"أنبوب يكون ممدوداً أسفل سطح الأرض في الغالب، أو تجهيزة أخرى، ويُستخدم لتجميع وتحويل مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109541"},{"id":109542,"arabic":"قناة (لمياه الصرف الصحيّ)","english":"sewer","french":"canalisation [f.]; égout [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109542"},{"id":109543,"arabic":"مَيْل القاعدة","english":"sewer base slope; bottom gradient","french":"pente du fil d'eau [f.]; pente de fond d'égout [f.]","description":"ميل خط قاع قناة صرف صحي أو أنبوب صرف صحي أو مجرى مائي، مُقاساً بنسبة (‰) على سبيل المثال. رمز المُعادلات: ISo. (انظر: [انحدار القاع](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109094))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109543"},{"id":109544,"arabic":"تجهيزة حجز لقنوات الصرف","english":"sewer blocking installation","french":"équipement de barrage pour canalisations [m.]; équipement d'obturation pour canalisations [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109544"},{"id":109545,"arabic":"تنظيف قنوات الصرف الصحي","english":"sewer cleaning","french":"nettoyage des égouts [m.]; curage des canalisations [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109545"},{"id":109546,"arabic":"عربة تنظيف قنوات الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewer cleaning vehicle","french":"véhicule pour le curage des canalisations souterraines [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109546"},{"id":109547,"arabic":"ونش تنظيف قنوات الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewer cleaning winch","french":"treuil pour nettoyage des canalisations [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109547"},{"id":109548,"arabic":"تنظيف قنوات الصرف الصحيّ بدرع كسح","english":"sewer cleaning with flushing shield","french":"nettoyage de canalisation avec bouclier de rinçage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109548"},{"id":109549,"arabic":"تنظيف قنوات الصرف الصحيّ بالشطف بماء كسح","english":"sewer cleaning with surge flushing","french":"nettoyage de canalisation par curage à jet continu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109549"},{"id":109550,"arabic":"إنشاء قنوات الصرف","english":"sewer construction","french":"construction des égouts [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109550"},{"id":109551,"arabic":"تغيير قنوات الصرف","english":"sewer exchange","french":"remplacement de canalisations [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109551"},{"id":109552,"arabic":"تفتيش وفحص قنوات الصرف","english":"sewer inspection","french":"inspection des canalisations [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109552"},{"id":109553,"arabic":"شَبَكَة قنوات الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewer network; sewer system","french":"réseau de canalisations [m.]","description":"(انظر: [شَبَكة الصرف الصحيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104142))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109553"},{"id":109554,"arabic":"قناة الظربان","english":"sewer 'polecat”","french":"furet de canalisation [m.]","description":"اسم مُنتج لنوع من دروع الكسح، والذي يُستخدم لتنظيف المقاطع العرضية الكبيرة في القنوات. (انظر: [درع الكسح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109281))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109554"},{"id":109555,"arabic":"صيانة وتجديد قنوات الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewer rehabilitation","french":"remise en état des canalisations [f.]; réhabilitation des canalisations [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109555"},{"id":109556,"arabic":"حساب مقاييس شبكة الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewer simulation","french":"simulation du réseau d'assainissement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109556"},{"id":109557,"arabic":"سَعَة التخزين بقناة صرف صحيّ","english":"sewer storage capacity","french":"capacité d'accumulation d'un canal [f.]; capacité de stockage d'un canal [f.]","description":"سِعة التخزين التي يُمكن استخدمها في قنوات الصرف الصحيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109557"},{"id":109558,"arabic":"شَبَكة قنوات الصرف","english":"sewer structure","french":"ouvrage de canal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109558"},{"id":109559,"arabic":"شَبَكة الصرف الصحي","english":"sewer system; sewerage system","french":"réseau d'assainissement [m.]; réseaux d'égouts [m.]","description":"شبكة من خطوط الأنابيب والأجزاء المُلحقة لتوجيه مياه الصرف إلى محطات المُعالجة أو غيرها من أماكن التخلّص من النفايات. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109559"},{"id":109560,"arabic":"قناة تحويل","english":"sewer, bypass","french":"canal de dérivation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109560"},{"id":109561,"arabic":"قناة مياه مُختلِطة","english":"sewer, combined wastewater","french":"réseau unitaire [m.] / collecteur unitaire [m.]","description":"قناة، يجري فيها تحويل مياه الصرف ومياه الأمطار سوياً. (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2006 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109561"},{"id":109562,"arabic":"قناة صرف لاحتجاز مياه الأمطار","english":"sewer, stormwater holding","french":"égout de retenue des eaux pluviales [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109562"},{"id":109563,"arabic":"مجرى خوائي","english":"sewer, vacuum","french":"collecteur sous vide [m.]","description":"جزء من خط الضغط الخوائي، تصب فيه شبكات الصرف الصحي المنزلية. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109563"},{"id":109564,"arabic":"بئر تخفيف","english":"shaft, overflow","french":"puits de déversement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109564"},{"id":109565,"arabic":"بئر تفتيش خاصة","english":"shaft, special / manhole, special","french":"puits spécial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109565"},{"id":109566,"arabic":"خازوق","english":"sheet pile","french":"palplanche [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109566"},{"id":109567,"arabic":"ستائر لوحية","english":"sheet piling; sheet pile wall; bulkhead","french":"rideau de palplanches [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109567"},{"id":109568,"arabic":"رَدْم جانبي","english":"sidefill","french":"remblai latéral [m.]","description":"في مجال البناء وصناعة ومدّ الأنابيب، هي المادة الموجودة بين القاعدة والغطاء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109568"},{"id":109569,"arabic":"تأثير السيلو","english":"silo effect","french":"effet de silo [m.]","description":"(انظر: تأثير السيلو)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109569"},{"id":109570,"arabic":"تأثير السيلو","english":"silo effect","french":"effet de silo [m.]","description":"ظاهرة تتمثل في تأثير قوى الاحتكاك الناتجة عن الضغط الجانبي للتربة على جانب خندق، حيث تعمل هذه القوى على تقليل ضغط التربة الرأسي. (DIN EN 1295-1:1997). (انظر: ظاهرة السيلو)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109570"},{"id":109571,"arabic":"مُؤشِّر تعريفي لتصريف","english":"simultaneity coefficient","french":"coefficient de simultanéité [m.]","description":"رقم تعريفي يُراعى فيه عدد مرات استخدام تجهيزات الصرف االصحي، ارتباطاً بنوع المُنشأة المعنية. رمز المُعادلات: K. وحدة القياس: لا بُعدي","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109571"},{"id":109572,"arabic":"بَرْبَخ مَسِيل مُغْلَق منفرد","english":"single-barrel culvert","french":"aqueduc à corps unique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109572"},{"id":109573,"arabic":"بالُوعة","english":"sink / basin","french":"évier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109573"},{"id":109574,"arabic":"أُنْبوب المخرج","english":"sink / basin / spout","french":"évier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109574"},{"id":109575,"arabic":"بالُوعة المصرف المعترض","english":"siphon culvert","french":"ponceau à siphon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109575"},{"id":109576,"arabic":"ظاهرة السّحارة (السيفون)","english":"siphon effect","french":"effet d'aspiration [m.] / effet de siphon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109576"},{"id":109577,"arabic":"سَحّارة صرف","english":"siphon, inverted; siphon","french":"siphon inversé [m.]","description":"منشأ مُتقاطع يعمل على تجنّب المعوّقات بالسير أسفلها. من أمثلته: أنابيب نقل المياه والغاز والبترول إلخ, الممتدة أسفل شارع أو نفق أو خندق. ويحدث النقل دائماً تحت ضغط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109577"},{"id":109578,"arabic":"سَحّارة أنبوبية أو كابلية","english":"siphons using pipe or cable","french":"siphon de conduite [m.]","description":"مُنشأة مُتقاطعة (مُتداخلة المسارات)، وفيها يُمد أنبوب أو كابل أسفل مجرى مائي. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109578"},{"id":109579,"arabic":"بوابة مُنزلِقة","english":"slide gate / sliding sluice","french":"vanne à glissière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109579"},{"id":109580,"arabic":"إكساء بقوالب مُنزلِقة","english":"slip form lining","french":"revêtement posé au moyen de coffrage glissant","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109580"},{"id":109581,"arabic":"بناء الأنفاق الدقيقة بواسطة نظام شطف","english":"slurry shield microtunnelling","french":"microtunnelage à marinage hydraulique [m.]","description":"عملية يُجرى فيها نقل التُربة المُفككة من الأنفاق الدقيقة بواسطة نظام شطف. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109581"},{"id":109582,"arabic":"هَيكَلُ التربة","english":"soil framework","french":"texture du sol [f.]","description":"وسيلة تمنع خروج روائح غازات المجاري إلى خط المياه بواسطة غطاء مائي. (DIN EN 12056-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109582"},{"id":109583,"arabic":"مُكوِّن خاص","english":"special unit (component)","french":"composant spécial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109583"},{"id":109584,"arabic":"معدل التدفق","english":"specific discharge","french":"débit spécifique","description":"ناتج قسمة كمية مياه الصرف على مساحة منطقة تجميعها المُخصصة لها. وتُقاس نسبة التصريف بوحدة لتر لكل ثانية وهكتار. رمز المُعادلات: ;q","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109584"},{"id":109585,"arabic":"حامِض مُتخلِّف","english":"spent acid; waste acid","french":"acide usé","description":"حمض مُخفف، يُستعمل في إزالة طبقات الأكسيد عن الأجسام الحديدية والمعدنية قبل إعادة تصنيعها. وتحتوي الأحماض المُتخلفة في الغالب على مُركّبات الحديد، ولذلك يمكن استخدامها في عمليات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، بغرض التدميج والترسيب أو مُعالجة الحمأة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109585"},{"id":109586,"arabic":"محلول مُتخلِّف","english":"spent pickle liquor","french":"liqueur de décapage épuisée [f.]; liqueur de décapage résiduelle [f.]","description":"محلول قلوي مُخفف، يُستخدم لإزالة طبقات الأكسيد عن الأجسام الحديدية والمعدنية قبل إعادة تصنيعها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109586"},{"id":109587,"arabic":"وصلة ذكر وأنثى","english":"spigot and socket joint","french":"assemblage à manchon emboîtable [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109587"},{"id":109588,"arabic":"ارتفاع الفيض","english":"spillover level","french":"hauteur de débordement [f.]","description":"الارتفاع الذي يفيض عنده الماء من مزراب عند تصريف المياه من الأسطح.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109588"},{"id":109589,"arabic":"مشقاق جابية المخلص","english":"spillway bucket splitter","french":"séparateur d’écoulement, cannelé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109589"},{"id":109590,"arabic":"عنصر المفيض","english":"spillway component; spillway element","french":"élément de déversoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109590"},{"id":109591,"arabic":"مجرى مخرج المخلص","english":"spillway outlet channel","french":"déversoir d’orage du dispositif de décharge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109591"},{"id":109592,"arabic":"حائط تهذيب لهدّار المصب","english":"spillway training wall","french":"blindage de l'évacuateur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109592"},{"id":109593,"arabic":"مخلص تِلْقائِيّ","english":"spillway, automatic","french":"déversoir, automatique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109593"},{"id":109594,"arabic":"مخلص مُنَظَّم","english":"spillway, controlled; spillway, gated","french":"déversoir, commandé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109594"},{"id":109595,"arabic":"مُخلِّص مُنفصِل","english":"spillway, separate","french":"ouvrage de décharge, séparé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109595"},{"id":109596,"arabic":"مياه الصرف من كبائن رش الدهان","english":"spray booth effluent","french":"effluents de cabines de (pistolage) peinture [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109596"},{"id":109597,"arabic":"حَوْض تَسرُّب","english":"spreading basin","french":"bassin d'égouttage [m.] / bassin d'infiltration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109597"},{"id":109598,"arabic":"مُتدرِّج حديديّ","english":"step iron","french":"crampons","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109598"},{"id":109599,"arabic":"منزل القاع","english":"step of invert","french":"décalage de fil d'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109599"},{"id":109600,"arabic":"وِسادة إحكام (لمنع التسرب)","english":"stopper","french":"obturateur[m.]","description":"تجهيزة تحول دون اختراق أو تدفق السوائل. ويُمكن مثلاً إدخال سدادات في مداخل وأنابيب الصرف الصحي، ثم ضخ الهواء المضغوط فيها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109600"},{"id":109601,"arabic":"تَحوِيلة","english":"storage (in bypass)","french":"dérivation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109601"},{"id":109602,"arabic":"مُدّة العاصفة الحرجة","english":"storm period, critical","french":"durée de pluie critique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109602"},{"id":109603,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مياه الأمطار","english":"stormwater flow","french":"amenée par temps de pluie [f.]","description":"نسبة تدفّق المياه المُختلطة التي يُستفاد منها في تصميم وتحديد أبعاد محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف أو أجزاء منها. رمز المُعادلات: QMz\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109603"},{"id":109604,"arabic":"تصريف مياه مُختلطة","english":"stormwater overflow discharge","french":"surverse de déversoir d’orage [f.]","description":"جزء من تدفّق المياه المُختلطة، يجري تحويله من مفيض إلى مصرف. (انظر: [تصريف فائض مياه الأمطار](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110422)) (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2006 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109604"},{"id":109605,"arabic":"مُنشأة مفيض مياه الأمطار","english":"stormwater overflow structure","french":"ouvrage servant à évacuer les eaux pluviales [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109605"},{"id":109606,"arabic":"صِهْريج تنقية","english":"stormwater tank","french":"bassin couplé en série [m.]","description":"حَوْض مفيض مياه الأمطار، وبه مجرى لمياه الفيضان، ومجرى للتنقية، تتدفق فيه مياه الصرف المُختلطة المُنقاة ميكانيكياً إلى مجرى لها، وذلك حتى نسبة تصريف محددة للمياه المُختلطة. الاختصار: .DB. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109606"},{"id":109607,"arabic":"حَوْض مياه الأمطار مزود بمفيض","english":"stormwater tank with overflow","french":"bassin d'orage avec déversoir [m.]","description":"في نظام الخلط، حيز تخزين و/أو ترسيب، مُزوّد بحوض و/أو بمفيض لحوض مُعالجة مياه الصرف. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: RÜB (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109607"},{"id":109608,"arabic":"قناة مستقيمة","english":"straight sewer","french":"canal allongé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109608"},{"id":109609,"arabic":"مياه نهرية ملوّثة","english":"stream water, polluted","french":"eau de rivière contaminée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109609"},{"id":109610,"arabic":"بَالُوعة الطريق","english":"street outlet","french":"avaloir de rue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109610"},{"id":109611,"arabic":"مُنشأة تصريف","english":"structure with overflow","french":"ouvrage d'évacuation (ouvrage de décharge, déversoir) [m.]","description":"مُنشأة مُزوّدة بمخلص، خزان لمياه الأمطار، أو قناة تخزين، مثلاً. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109611"},{"id":109612,"arabic":"منشأة صرف الفيض","english":"structure, overflow","french":"ouvrage de trop-plein [m.]; ouvrage de déversement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109612"},{"id":109613,"arabic":"مُنشأ خاص","english":"structure, special","french":"ouvrage spécial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109613"},{"id":109614,"arabic":"تدفق دون المعتاد","english":"subcritical flow","french":"écoulement fluvial [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109614"},{"id":109615,"arabic":"فرع مُساعد","english":"sub-lateral, branch","french":"crépine secondaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109615"},{"id":109616,"arabic":"مَصْرِف ثانويّ","english":"sub-main","french":"collecteur secondaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109616"},{"id":109617,"arabic":"تحميل زائد","english":"surcharge","french":"surcharge","description":"الحالة التي يتم فيها تصريف مياه الصرف و/ أو مياه الأمطار في نظام صرف بالثقالة (بالجاذبية) أو في مجاري صرف تعمل بالضغط، وهذه المياه لا يمكن أن تصل إلى السطح وأن تتسبب في حدوث الغمر. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109617"},{"id":109618,"arabic":"مخزون إضافيّ","english":"surcharge, additional space","french":"capacité de stockage, supplémentaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109618"},{"id":109619,"arabic":"احتجاز سطحيّ","english":"surface detention","french":"rétention provisoire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109619"},{"id":109620,"arabic":"غَمْر سطحيّ","english":"surface flooding","french":"inondation de surface [f.]","description":"1- في مجال إدارة مياه الصرف: هي الحالة التي تستطيع فيها مياه الصرف و/ أو مياه الأمطار التسرّب من شبكة الصرف، أو لا يمكنها الدخول إليها، وتظل فوق سطح الأرض أو تتسرّب منه إلى المباني. (DIN EN 752:2008) 2- في مجال إدارة المياه: هي الحالة التي تفيض فيها المياه على الضفة، وتصل إلى الأرض المُجاورة لها. (انظر: فيض)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109620"},{"id":109621,"arabic":"مِساحة منطقة المستجمع","english":"surface of catchment area","french":"superficie de bassin hydrologique [f.]","description":"مساحة منطقة يتم فيها تصريف المياه إلى أنابيب أو قنوات الصرف الصحيّ أو إلى مجرى مائي. رمز المُعادلات: AE (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109621"},{"id":109622,"arabic":"جَرَيان سطحيّ","english":"surface runoff / surface flow","french":"débit de surface [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109622"},{"id":109623,"arabic":"مياه سطحية","english":"surface water","french":"eau de surface [f.]","description":"المياه المُتدفقة من الأسطح الخارجية للمباني أو المُنشآت أو سطح الأرض. (DIN 4045:2003) DIN 4045 (08/2003 ،(DIN EN 476 (08/1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109623"},{"id":109624,"arabic":"خافض للتوتر السطحي","english":"surfactant; tenside (soft, hard)","french":"agent tensio-actif (doux, dur) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109624"},{"id":109625,"arabic":"صِهْريج تَموُّر أوليّ","english":"surge tank, elementary / surge tank, simple","french":"chambre d’équilibre, simple [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109625"},{"id":109626,"arabic":"صِهْريج تَموُّر مُختنِق","english":"surge tank, restricted orifice / surge tank, throttled","french":"chambre d’équilibre, à étranglement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109626"},{"id":109627,"arabic":"منظومة أعمال الفيض","english":"surplusing works or surplus disposal works / spillway","french":"ouvrage de décharge","description":"منظومة تعمل على تصريف المياه غير القابلة للتخزين الموجودة في حيز التخزين ككل، وذلك دون إحداث أي ضرر. وتتكوَّن هذه المنظومة من منشأ المدخل، وتجهيزة لتوجيه المياه، وتجهيزة لتبديد الطاقة. (انظر: مخلص (مجرى للمياه الزائدة)) (DIN 4049-1:1987)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109627"},{"id":109628,"arabic":"مبدأ الانتفاع المُستدام","english":"sustainability principle","french":"principe de durabilité [m.]","description":"مراحيض فصل لتصريف المياه البنية بواسطة مياه شطف بشكل منفصل عن البول/المياه الصفراء التي يتم صرفها بمياه شطف أو دونها. (انظر: [مِرحاض بنظامي الشطْف والفصْل](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109666))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109628"},{"id":109629,"arabic":"طريقة الصرف المُختلط","english":"system, combined","french":"système unitaire [m.]","description":"تحويل مُشترك لمياه الصرف ومياه الأمطار في قناة صرف. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109629"},{"id":109630,"arabic":"مفيض النهاية","english":"tail escape","french":"canal de décharge final [m.]","description":"جميع خدمات المياه في إطار المنازل السكنية أو المُنشآت العامة أو الأعمال الاقتصادية بكل أنواعها، والتي يلزم لإنجازها توافر: a) استخلاص وحجز وتخزين ومُعالجة وتوزيع المياه الجوفية أو السطحية. b) المُنشآت الخاصة بتجميع ومُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي التي تُصرّف مياهها في المجاري المائية السطحية. (دليل الاتحاد الأوروبيّ عن إطار العمل في مجال المياه: 2000 (EC-WRRL))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109630"},{"id":109631,"arabic":"صِهْريج (خزان)","english":"tank","french":"réservoir [m.]","description":"أنبوب أو مجرى تتدفق فيه المياه بفعل الجاذبية الأرضية – أي بشكل مُستقل – من نقطة بداية تقع في موضع عالٍ إلى نقطة نهاية تقع في موضع مُنخفض.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109631"},{"id":109632,"arabic":"قناة تخزين","english":"tank sewer","french":"canalisation réservoir [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109632"},{"id":109633,"arabic":"قناة تخزين","english":"tank sewer / sewer with storage capacity and overflow","french":"collecteur de régularisation","description":"قناة صرف صحيّ عملاقة الحجم تؤدي وظيفة حوض تخزين. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109633"},{"id":109634,"arabic":"حوض تخزين","english":"tank, detention / storage reservoir","french":"bassin de retenue [m.]","description":"في مجال إدارة مياه الصرف ومجال الإمداد بمياه الشرب وعلم الهندسة الهيدرولية، حوض مُغلق أو مكشوف لتخزين المياه أو مياه الصرف الصحي بشكل مؤقت.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109634"},{"id":109635,"arabic":"خزّان مياه الأمطار","english":"tank, stormwater","french":"bassin d'orage [m.]","description":"مفهوم عام لحوض التخزين و\\أو مُعالجة مياه الأمطار والمياه المُختلطة (على سبيل المثال، حوض تنقية مياه الأمطار، حوض تخزين مياه الأمطار، حوض فيض مياه الأمطار)، الاختصار: RB (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109635"},{"id":109636,"arabic":"حوض احتجاز مياه الأمطار","english":"tank, stormwater holding","french":"bassin de retenue des eaux pluviales [m.]","description":"خزان لاحتجاز ذروات تصريف الأمطار في نظام الخلط أو نظام الفصل. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: RRB. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109636"},{"id":109637,"arabic":"حوض مُعالَجة مياه الأمطار","english":"tank, stormwater sedimentation","french":"décanteur pour les eaux d'orage [m.]","description":"حوض ترسيب لمياه الأمطار يوجد في نظام الفصل. الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: RKB (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109637"},{"id":109638,"arabic":"عَزْم الشد","english":"tensile strength","french":"résistance à la traction [f.]","description":"(انظر: إجهاد الشد)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109638"},{"id":109639,"arabic":"إجهاد الشد","english":"tensile strength","french":"effort de traction [m.]","description":"(انظر: [عَزْم الشد](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109638))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109639"},{"id":109640,"arabic":"اعتماد الاختبار","english":"test seal","french":"vanne d’essai [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109640"},{"id":109641,"arabic":"جِهاز فحص الوصلات المعيبة","english":"testing equipment for faulty connections","french":"appareil de vérification pour raccords erronés [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109641"},{"id":109642,"arabic":"مِعيار الاختبار","english":"testing standard","french":"norme d'essai [f.]","description":"في هندسة مياه الصرف الصحيّ، أنبوب لنقل المياه تحت ضغط (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109642"},{"id":109643,"arabic":"حدود السرعة الديناميكية","english":"threshold discharge, dynamic","french":"vitesse limite, dynamique [f.]","description":"1. في شبكات الصرف الصحيّ الخاصة بالأراضي، هو جزء من خط أنابيب يعمل بالضغط الخوائيّ، ويقوم بربط بالوعة الصرف المنزليَّة المُستقلة بالقناة العاملة بالضغط الخوائيّ. 2. في مجال الإمداد بمياه الشرب، هو جزء يصل بين الشبكة العموميَّة وأول صمام غلق (قبل عداد الماء) في مبنى ما.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109643"},{"id":109644,"arabic":"تصريف بدء التحرك","english":"threshold discharge, static","french":"vitesse limite, statique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109644"},{"id":109645,"arabic":"تيار موجة المدّ","english":"tidal flood current","french":"courant de marée montante [m.]","description":"حجم مياه الأمطار التي تتراكم تِبْعاً لارتفاعها على منطقة صرف أفقية دون حدوث فقد منها (عن طريق الرشح أو التبخر أو الجريان، مثلاً). الاختصار: VR (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109645"},{"id":109646,"arabic":"تدعيم جوانب (الحفر) بالألواح الخشبية","english":"timbering / bracing / sheeting / shoring","french":"blindage (fossé) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109646"},{"id":109647,"arabic":"مُعامل الزمن","english":"time coefficient","french":"coefficient de temps [m.]","description":"في هندسة الصرف الصحيّ، معامل تحويل (حسابي) يُعبّر عن العلاقة بين كمية المطر، ومُدة الهطول، وتواتره. رمز المُعادلات: D(n)\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109647"},{"id":109648,"arabic":"عامِل التدفق الزمنيّ","english":"time-flow parameter","french":"facteur d’écoulement du temps [m.]","description":"في هندسة الصرف الصحيّ، مُتغير قياس لشَبَكَة قنوات الصرف الصحيّ المُخصصة للأمطار ذات مدة هطول وتواتر مُحدّدَيْن. رمز المُعادلات: D(n)\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109648"},{"id":109649,"arabic":"مِرحاض بحوض تجميع","english":"toilet with collection vessel","french":"toilette avec collecte en citerne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109649"},{"id":109650,"arabic":"جملة التبخر","english":"total evaporation /fly-off","french":"perte d’eau totale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109650"},{"id":109651,"arabic":"تدفق كليّ","english":"total flow","french":"débit total [m.]","description":"مجموع مُعدلات التدفق الحجمية المعيارية المُستخدمة في الحساب. رمز المُعادلات: gesكَمّية المدد النهريّ) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109651"},{"id":109652,"arabic":"كَمّية المدد النهريّ","english":"total runoff","french":"débit total [m.]","description":"مجموع مُعدلات التدفق الحجمية المعيارية المُستخدمة في الحساب. رمز المُعادلات: Qges. (انظر: [تدفق كليّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109651))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109652"},{"id":109653,"arabic":"حجم المياه في الطقس الجاف","english":"total volume of discharged water during dry weather","french":"quantité par temps sec [f.]","description":"(انظر: [إجماليّ تدفق المياه في الطقس الجاف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105651))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109653"},{"id":109654,"arabic":"حجم إجماليّ لمياه الصرف المتدفقة","english":"total volume of domestic and industrial wastewater discharge","french":"débit d’eaux polluées cumulé [m.]","description":"إجمالي تيارات مياه الصرف الصحي المُتدفقة خلال فترة زمنية مُحددة. رمز المُعادلات: Sمقدار مياه الصرف) (DIN 4045: 2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109654"},{"id":109655,"arabic":"إجماليّ كَمية تصريف الأمطار","english":"total volume of rainwater runoff discharge","french":"débit d’eau de pluie [m.]","description":"تكامل كمية تصريف الأمطار خلال فترة زمنية مُحددة. رمز المُعادلات: QQR\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109655"},{"id":109656,"arabic":"عُنصُر ربط","english":"transition unit","french":"élément de de jonction","description":"قطعة بينية","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109656"},{"id":109657,"arabic":"غطاء مائي","english":"trap / water seal","french":"engorgement [m.] / joint hydraulique [m.]","description":"تجهيزة تمنع - بواسطة المياه - دخول الهواء والغازات إلى غرفة أو حيّز ما. وتستخدم هذه التجهيزة غالباً في السيفونات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109657"},{"id":109658,"arabic":"فلتر موزِّع","english":"travelling sprinkler","french":"asperseur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109658"},{"id":109659,"arabic":"خَطُّ أنبوب خندقيّ (ممدود في خندق)","english":"trench pipeline","french":"canalisation en tranchée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109659"},{"id":109660,"arabic":"نمط الصرف","english":"type of drainage system","french":"procédé de drainage (procédé d'assainissement) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109660"},{"id":109661,"arabic":"تَقَاطُع سُفليّ","english":"undercrossing; underpass","french":"traversée souterraine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109661"},{"id":109662,"arabic":"أعمال لابَشَرية","english":"unmanned technique","french":"technique sans intervention humaine [f.]","description":"عمليات لا يتدخل فيها العُنصر البشري أثناء العمل في الموقع. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109662"},{"id":109663,"arabic":"مِبْوَلة جافّة","english":"urinal, waterless","french":"urinoir sec [m.]; urinoir, sans eau [m.]","description":"مِبولة ليس بها نظام كسح بالماء لتجميع البول. دليل أحكام الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) (12/2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109663"},{"id":109664,"arabic":"بَوْل","english":"urine","french":"urine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109664"},{"id":109665,"arabic":"مراحيض جافّة لفصل البول","english":"urine diversion dehydration toilet (UDDTs)","french":"toilette sèche avec séparation d' urine (TSSU, UDDT) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109665"},{"id":109666,"arabic":"مِرحاض بنظامي الشطْف والفصْل","english":"urine diversion flush toilet","french":"toilette à séparation à chasse [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مِرحاض الفصل بالكَسْح](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108257))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109666"},{"id":109667,"arabic":"مراحيض كَسْح لفصل البول","english":"urine diversion flush toilets (UDTs)","french":"toilette à chasse avec séparation d'urine (TCSU) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109667"},{"id":109668,"arabic":"مِرحاض فصْل جافّ","english":"urine diverting dry toilet; dry separation toilet","french":"toilette sèche avec séparation des urines [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مِرحاض جافّ فاصل للفضلات](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109227))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109668"},{"id":109669,"arabic":"مجرى خوائي","english":"vacuum channel","french":"collecteur sous vide [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109669"},{"id":109670,"arabic":"منظومة التصريف بالضغط الخوائيّ","english":"vacuum drainage system","french":"installation d'assainissement sous vide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109670"},{"id":109671,"arabic":"مِرحاض فصل بالضغط الخوائيّ","english":"vacuum separation toilet","french":"toilette à séparation à vide [f.]","description":"مِرحاض فصل بنظام كسح مائي لتصريف المياه البنّية (بالضغط الخوائي)، وتصريف البول (بالجاذبية الأرضية) على حدة. (انظر: [مِرحاض فصل بالكسح الخلائيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109672)) (موضوعات - الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109671"},{"id":109672,"arabic":"مِرحاض فصل بالكسح الخلائيّ","english":"vacuum separation toilet; urine diversion vacuum toilet","french":"toilette à séparation à vide [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مِرحاض فصل بالضغط الخوائيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109671))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109672"},{"id":109673,"arabic":"شبكة صرف خوائية","english":"vacuum sewer","french":"réseaux d'égouts à vacuum [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109673"},{"id":109674,"arabic":"محطة ضغط الخوائيّ","english":"vacuum station","french":"station de vide [f.]","description":"مُنشأة تشتمل على مولّد للضغط الخوائي، وخزان للضغط الخوائي (أو غرف سحب بالضخ) ووسائل نقل، ووحدات للتحكم. DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109674"},{"id":109675,"arabic":"محطة تفريغ خوائيّ","english":"vacuum station","french":"station de vide [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109675"},{"id":109676,"arabic":"مِرحاض بالضغط الخوائيّ","english":"vacuum toilet","french":"toilette à vide [f.]","description":"مِرحاض مُزود بنظام كسح مائي لتصريف المياه السوداء (بالضغط الخوائي (بالتفريغ)). (انظر: [مِرحاض كسح خلائيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108261)) (دليل أحكام الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات (DWA) (12/2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109676"},{"id":109677,"arabic":"مِرحاض كسح خلائيّ لفصل البول","english":"vacuum toilet with urine diversion","french":"toilette à vacuum avec séparation d'urine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109677"},{"id":109678,"arabic":"مِرحاض كسح خلائيّ بدون فصل البول","english":"vacuum toilet without urine diversion","french":"toilette à vacuum sans séparation d'urine [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109678"},{"id":109679,"arabic":"خط ضغط خوائيّ","english":"vacuum pipe; vacuum line","french":"réseau sous vide [m.]","description":"جميع الوصلات الأنبوبية الواقعة تحت تأثير الضغط الخوائي. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109679"},{"id":109680,"arabic":"مياه الثّقالة","english":"vadose water / gravity suspended water","french":"eau gravitaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109680"},{"id":109681,"arabic":"جزء رأسيّ","english":"vertical unit","french":"élément vertical [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109681"},{"id":109682,"arabic":"تدفُّق حجميّ","english":"volume flow rate","french":"débit volume","description":"(انظر: دفق، [سَرَيان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103292))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109682"},{"id":109683,"arabic":"إجماليّ تدفّق المياه المُختلِطة","english":"volume of combined water discharge","french":"débit d'égouts unitaires cumulé [m.]","description":"اندماج تدفّق المياه المُختلطة في فترة زمنية مُحددة. رمز المُعادلات: Mحَجْم المياه المُختلِطة) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109683"},{"id":109684,"arabic":"حَجْم المياه المُختلِطة","english":"volume of combined water discharge","french":"quantité d’eaux d’égout mixtes [f.]","description":"اندماج تدفّق مياه الصرف المُختلطة في فترة زمنية مُحددة. رمز المُعادلات: Mإجماليّ تدفّق المياه المُختلِطة) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109684"},{"id":109685,"arabic":"مُتوسط التَدفُّق الحجمي","english":"volumetric flow rate","french":"débit volume moyen","description":"(انظر: مُتوسط الدفق الداخل، [مُتوسط السريان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103284))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109685"},{"id":109686,"arabic":"بئر دَوّامية","english":"vortex drop shaft; vortex manhole","french":"regard à chute hélicoidale [m.]","description":"بئر دائريّة للتغلّب على التفاوتات في مُستوى الارتفاع، وفيها تدخل مياه الصرف الصحيّ مَماسِّيًّا، وتخرج منه حلزونيًّا. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109686"},{"id":109687,"arabic":"تيار دوّامي","english":"vortex flow","french":"courant tourbillonnaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109687"},{"id":109688,"arabic":"فَرّازة دَوّامية","english":"vortex separator","french":"séparateur à courant tourbillonnaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109688"},{"id":109689,"arabic":"احتكاك جِداريّ","english":"wall friction","french":"frottement de paroi [m.]","description":"تأثير الإجهاد الواقع على جدار الأنبوب بفعل جهد القص الناتج عن حركة المياه . (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109689"},{"id":109690,"arabic":"ضَغْط جداريّ","english":"wall pressure","french":"pression de paroi [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109690"},{"id":109691,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط سَماكَة الجدار","english":"wall thickness, mean","french":"épaisseur moyenne de paroi [f.]","description":"المتوسط الحسابي لعدد من قياسات سماكة جدار أنبوب ما مأخوذة من نقاط متساوية الأبعاد على مُحيط الأنبوب وعلى نفس المقطع المُستعرض من جزء الأنبوب. وهذه القياسات تتضمن السماكة القصوى والدنيا المُقاسة على هذا المقطع المُستعرض. رمز المُعادلات: m\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109691"},{"id":109692,"arabic":"جِدار خارجيّ","english":"wall, external / outer wall","french":"paroi, extérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109692"},{"id":109693,"arabic":"بوابة الكسح","english":"wash-out gate","french":"porte pour rinçage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109693"},{"id":109694,"arabic":"ماء مِلحيّ مُتخلِّف","english":"waste liquor; spent liquor","french":"lessive résiduaire [f.]; liqueur résiduaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109694"},{"id":109695,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صرف النُّفايات","english":"waste pipe","french":"tuyau d’évacuation d’eaux usées","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109695"},{"id":109696,"arabic":"طاحونة مُخلَّفات","english":"waste shredder","french":"broyeur de déchets [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109696"},{"id":109697,"arabic":"تحويل مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater collection","french":"collecte des eaux usées [f.]","description":"نقل مياه الصرف الصحي عبر قنوات، كما في أنظمة الفصل والأنظمة المُختلطة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109697"},{"id":109698,"arabic":"مِضخّة مياه الصرف","english":"wastewater pump","french":"pompe pour eaux usées [f.]","description":"مضخات مُهَيَّأة خصيصاً لضخ مياه الصرف الصحيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109698"},{"id":109699,"arabic":"كَمّية مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater quantity","french":"quantité d'eaux usées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109699"},{"id":109700,"arabic":"إعادة تدوير مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater recycling","french":"recyclage des eaux d'égout [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109700"},{"id":109701,"arabic":"نِظام صرف صحيّ","english":"wastewater system","french":"système des eaux usées [m.]","description":"تجهيزة لتجميع أو مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي أو تحويلها إلى مكان ما أو التخلّص منها. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109701"},{"id":109702,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ مَنزلية","english":"wastewater, domestic","french":"eaux usées domestiques (pl.) [f.]","description":"مياه الصرف من المطابخ وغُرف الغسيل والحمامات ودورات المياه، وما شابه. (DIN EN 12056-1:2001)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109702"},{"id":109703,"arabic":"بروفيل عمق الماء","english":"water depth profile","french":"courbe de profondeur d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109703"},{"id":109704,"arabic":"نَفقات الحصول على المياه","english":"water procurement costs (pl.)","french":"coûts d'approvisionnement en l'eau (pl.) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109704"},{"id":109705,"arabic":"حفاظ على المياه","english":"water protection","french":"protection des cours d'eau [f.]; protection des eaux naturelles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109705"},{"id":109706,"arabic":"تَوفير المياه","english":"water saving","french":"économie d'eau [f.]","description":"1- في مجال الصرف الصحيّ، تكنولوجيا تجميع وتصريف مياه الصرف الصحيّ من المباني، ومن الأراضي، ومن المساحات المرورية العامة، إلخ. (DIN 4045:2003) 2- كما تستخدم فكرة تكنولوجيا الصرف في مجال الهندسة الهيدرلوجية للأغراض الزراعية عند صرف المياه من منطقة ما لاستخدامها في عملية فنية تالية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109706"},{"id":109707,"arabic":"غطاء مائي","english":"water seal","french":"fermeture d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109707"},{"id":109708,"arabic":"مانِع التسرُّب المائيّ لمصايد الرائحة","english":"water sealant for odour traps; water sealant","french":"eau d'un siphon [f.]; eau pour un joint hydraulique [f.]","description":"ملء مصيدة الرائحة بالماء. (DIN 4045.2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109708"},{"id":109709,"arabic":"خدمات (ال...) المائية","english":"water services (pl.)","french":"prestations de services hydrologiques (pl.) [f.] / prestations de services hydrologiques [f.]","description":"أيٌّ من الأنظمة التي تعمل على تجميع وتصريف مياه الصرف الصحيّ وكذلك المجاري الأخرى المُخصصة لمياه الأمطار في منطقة سكنية مُشتركة. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109709"},{"id":109710,"arabic":"سطح الماء","english":"water surface","french":"surface de l’eau [f.]","description":"1- في مجال الصرف الصحيّ، طريقة تصريف مياه الصرف الصحيّ، مثل طريقة الفصل، وطريقة الخلط، ونظام الخلط المُعدَّل. (DIN 4045:2003) 2- تستخدم فكرته كذلك في مجال الهندسة الهيدرولوجية للأغراض الزراعية، عند صَرْف المياه من منطقة ما لاستخدامها في عملية فنية تالية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109710"},{"id":109711,"arabic":"مياه عدوانية","english":"water, aggressive","french":"eau, agressive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109711"},{"id":109712,"arabic":"غطاء مائيّ","english":"water-logging","french":"engorgement [m.]","description":"تجمع من مياه الصرف الصحيّ يعمل على إحكام (غلق) المقطع المُستعرض لأنابيب الضغط الخوائيّ عند النقاط العميقة. (DIN EN 1091:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109712"},{"id":109713,"arabic":"سَدُود للماء","english":"waterproof / watertight","french":"étanche à l'eau / imperméable à l'eau","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109713"},{"id":109714,"arabic":"سَّدُودِية","english":"waterproofness / watertightness","french":"étanchéité à l’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109714"},{"id":109715,"arabic":"مُعقَّد الرُّسابة المائية","english":"water-sediment complex","french":"complexe de particules en suspension dans l'eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109715"},{"id":109716,"arabic":"مَيْل الماء","english":"waterslope","french":"chute d’eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109716"},{"id":109717,"arabic":"تحليل المواضع الضعيفة","english":"weak point analysis","french":"analyse des points faibles [f.]","description":"شبكة من الأنابيب والأجزاء المُلحقة لنقل مياه الصرف و/أو مياه الأمطار (من قطعة أرض خاصة) إلى حُفرة صرف أو شبكة الصرف الصحيّ أو تجهيزة أخرى للتصريف. (DIN EN 13508-2:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109717"},{"id":109718,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُتقلِّص","english":"weir, contracted","french":"déversoir de jaugeage avec étranglement [m.]","description":"هدّار على هيئة ثلمة قياس ذات عتبة، وجوانبها مُصمّمة لتُحدث تقلصاً في مساحة الماء المُتدفق. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109718"},{"id":109719,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُستطيل","english":"weir, rectangular","french":"barrage de mesure à ouverture rectangulaire [m.]","description":"هدّار قياس ذو عتبة حادة، وثلمته مُستطيلة، يمكن تقليصه أو كبته. (الاتحاد الألماني لشؤون الغاز والمياه: DVGW)1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109719"},{"id":109720,"arabic":"هَدَّار مكْبُوت","english":"weir, suppressed","french":"barrage de mesure sans étranglement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109720"},{"id":109721,"arabic":"هَدَّار مُثلَّثيّ","english":"weir, triangular / V-Notch weir","french":"barrage de mesure à ouverture triangulaire (d’après Thomson) [m.]","description":"هدّار قياس مُتقلص ذو عتبة حادة، يُشكل جانباه زاوية رأسها إلى أسفل، وتكون العتبة هي رأس الزاوية. (الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية: DVWK) 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109721"},{"id":109722,"arabic":"مياه ذات نوعية جيدة","english":"white water","french":"eau d’entretien [f.]","description":"مياه ذات درجة نقاء وجودة عالية، إلا أنها أقل مُستوى من جودة مياه الشُرب، وتُستخدم لأغراض ولمُتطلبات خاصة. (انظر: [مياه بيضاء](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109723)) (موضوعات - الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: DWA) 2008))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109722"},{"id":109723,"arabic":"مياه بيضاء","english":"white water","french":"eau d’entretien [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مياه بيضاء](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109723))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109723"},{"id":109724,"arabic":"جِهاز تنظيف مِلْفاف الرافعة","english":"winched cleaning equipment","french":"appareil de nettoyage de treuil [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109724"},{"id":109725,"arabic":"درجة التوسيع","english":"expansion degree","french":"degré d’aménagement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109725"},{"id":109726,"arabic":"مُشغل مُستقل لمحطات مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"private operator of sewage treatment plants","french":"exploitant privé de stations d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109726"},{"id":109727,"arabic":"جَيْب الفتَحاتّ السفليّ","english":"undersluice pocket; pocket","french":"capacité de stockage d’écluse à eau excédentaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109727"},{"id":109728,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ بالامتزاز واستخدام الحَمْأة النشيطة","english":"A-B process","french":"procédé d'adsorption par boues activées [m.]","description":"طريقة ثُنائية المرحلة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف باستخدام الحمأة المُنشطة، ويتحقق في المرحلة الأولى منها - المُحمّلة للغاية - تخلص ملحوظ من المواد العضوية عن طريق الامتزاز وبدون أكسدة. ويؤدي ذلك إلى زيادة الحمأة المُنشطة الزائدة، ولكن يؤدي من ناحية أخرى إلى تقليل تكاليف الإنشاء والتشغيل. ولا تُعتبر هذه الطريقة مُناسبة في حالة تحرير النيتروجين. (المصدر: بيشوفسبرجر 'Bischofsberger'، وهيجيمان 'Hegemann': 2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109728"},{"id":109729,"arabic":"تحلُّل غير عضويّ","english":"Abiotic degradation","french":"dégradation abiotique [f.]","description":"تفكّك الجُزيئات المُعقدة بفعل عمليات فيزيائية و/أو عمليات كيميائية، مثل التحلّل الضوئي والتميوء والتأكسد والاختزال.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109729"},{"id":109730,"arabic":"مُركَّب امتصاص","english":"absorbing complex / exchange complex","french":"complexe absorbant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109730"},{"id":109731,"arabic":"سَعَة حَمْضية","english":"acid capacity; alkalinity","french":"alcalinité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109731"},{"id":109732,"arabic":"حَمْض كلور الماء","english":"acid, hydrochloric","french":"acide chlorhydrique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109732"},{"id":109733,"arabic":"مُعالجة بالفحم النَشيط","english":"activated carbon treatment","french":"traitement par charbon actif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109733"},{"id":109734,"arabic":"محطة معالجة بالحمأة المنشَّطة","english":"activated sludge plant","french":"installation d'activation des boues[f.]","description":"محطة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي بطرق بيولوجية باستخدام الحمأة المُنشطة الناتجة عن حَوْض التهوية والتنشيط وحوض المُعالجة النهائية لمياه الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109734"},{"id":109735,"arabic":"طريقة المُعالجة بالحمأة المُنشّطة","english":"activated sludge process","french":"procédé des boues activées","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109735"},{"id":109736,"arabic":"طريقة المعالجة بالحمأة المنشَّطة","english":"activated sludge process","french":"traitement par boues activées [m.]","description":"طريقة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي بيولوجياً، حيث يتم خلط وتهوية مياه الصرف بالحمأة النشطة، وفي مرحلة المُعالجة اللاحقة يتم فصل الحمأة عن مياه الصرف الصحي المنقاه وإرجاعها إلى حوض التهوية كحمأة راجعة. ويُستبعد جزء من الحمأة النشطة كحمأة فائضة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109736"},{"id":109737,"arabic":"إعادة تدوير الحمأة المنشطة","english":"activated sludge return","french":"recyclage de boue activée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109737"},{"id":109738,"arabic":"حوض الحمأة المُنشطة","english":"activated sludge tank","french":"bassin à boue activée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109738"},{"id":109739,"arabic":"خزان تهوية","english":"activated sludge tank (aeration tank)","french":"bassin d'aération [m.] / bassin d'activation [m.]","description":"(انظر: [حَوْض التهوية والتنشيط](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109752))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109739"},{"id":109740,"arabic":"خندقُ التهوية والتنشيط","english":"activated sludge tank with circulating flow","french":"bassin à boue activée avec écoulement circulant [m.]","description":"حَوْض تهوية وتنشيط حلقي الشكل يُستخدم لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي هوائياً، ويتم تشغيله بعد حوض المُعالجة النهائية لمياه الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109740"},{"id":109741,"arabic":"حوض تدوير","english":"activated sludge tank with circulating flow; oxidation ditch","french":"chenal d’oxydation [m.]; bassin à boues activées avec écoulement circulant [m.]","description":"(انظر: [أُخدُود أكْسَدَة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110181))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109741"},{"id":109742,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ باستخدام الْحَمْأة النشِطة","english":"activated sludge treatment","french":"traitement par boues activées [m.] / épuration des eaux usées par le procédé des boues activées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109742"},{"id":109743,"arabic":"مرشح الكربون المنشط","english":"active carbon filter","french":"filtre à charbon actif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109743"},{"id":109744,"arabic":"عامِل مُنشِّط","english":"activity factor","french":"facteur d'activité [m.]","description":"مُعامل لتعيين سُرعة التفاعُل أثناء عمليات التحلّل. رمز المُعادلات: k (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109744"},{"id":109745,"arabic":"إضافة","english":"additive","french":"additif","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109745"},{"id":109746,"arabic":"تهوية","english":"aeration","french":"ventilation [f.] / aération [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109746"},{"id":109747,"arabic":"صَرْف التهوية","english":"aeration drainage","french":"drainage d’aération [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109747"},{"id":109748,"arabic":"مِجذاف التهوية","english":"aeration paddle","french":"pale d'aération [f.]","description":"عجلات تجديف توضع على عُمق حوالي متر ونصف من المجرى المائي وتعمل على خلط وتقليب مياه الصرف الصحي بهدف أكسدتها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109748"},{"id":109749,"arabic":"تعيير التهوية","english":"aeration setting","french":"réglage du système d'aération [m.]","description":"تيار هواء مُعين، يُضخ على عُمق مُحدد مع أو بدون خليط إضافي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109749"},{"id":109750,"arabic":"نِظام تهوية ثنائيّ الفتحة","english":"aeration system, binary nozzle","french":"système d’aération à buse à jet binaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109750"},{"id":109751,"arabic":"نِظام نَزْع الهواء","english":"aeration system/plant","french":"installation d'aération, de ventilation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109751"},{"id":109752,"arabic":"حَوْض التهوية والتنشيط","english":"aeration tank","french":"bassin d'aération [m.]","description":"حوض يجري فيه تهوية وخلط مياه الصرف الصحي بالحمأة المُنشطة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109752"},{"id":109753,"arabic":"خَندَقُ التهوية","english":"aeration trench","french":"tranchée d'aération [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109753"},{"id":109754,"arabic":"جهاز تنظيف شمعات منفاخ الهواء","english":"aeration tube cleaning equipment","french":"appareil de nettoyage pour bougies d'aérateurs [m.]","description":"تجهيزة لتنظيف الأسطوانات الخزفية المُجوّفة، التي تكون بدورها مفتوحة عند الطرفين أو مُغلقة عند طرف واحد فقط، و تُستخدم على سبيل المثال لتوزيع فقاعات الهواء الدقيقة في المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109754"},{"id":109755,"arabic":"نِطاق التهوية","english":"aeration zone / suspended water zone / unsaturated zone","french":"zone d'aération","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109755"},{"id":109756,"arabic":"مِنطقة غيرُ مُشَّبعة","english":"aeration zone; suspended water zone","french":"zone, non saturée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109756"},{"id":109757,"arabic":"تهوية اصطناعية","english":"aeration, artificial","french":"aération artificielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109757"},{"id":109758,"arabic":"تهوية مُتزايِدة","english":"aeration, extended","french":"aération étendue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109758"},{"id":109759,"arabic":"عملية تهوية مُمتدة الزمن","english":"aeration, extended / process, extended aeration","french":"procédé d'aération prolongée [m.]","description":"عملية مُعالجة باستخدام الحمأة المُنشطة، وتتواصل فيها التهوية لأوقات طويلة، وتكون نسبة الحمأة فيها ضئيلة، مع استقرار هوائي مُتزامن للحمأة. (المصدر: بيشوفسبرجر (Bischofsberger)، وهيجيمان (Hegemann) : 2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109759"},{"id":109760,"arabic":"تهوية تدريجية","english":"aeration, stepped (monitored)","french":"aération étagée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109760"},{"id":109761,"arabic":"تهوية متدرِّجة","english":"aeration, tapered / step aeration","french":"aération étagée [f.]","description":"نوع خاص من التهوية يُجرى في حوض تهوية وتنشيط مُزود بسريان سدادي، تُستخدم فيه كمية من الأكسجين بالقرب من فتحة التدفق تكون أكبر من تلك القريبة من فتحة التصريف، حيث يبلغ النشاط البيولوجي عند الأولى ذروته. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109761"},{"id":109762,"arabic":"مِهوَاة (مُهويّة)","english":"aerator","french":"aérateur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109762"},{"id":109763,"arabic":"مِرْوَحة لتزويد الماء بالأكسجين","english":"aerator, gyroscopic / aerator, impeller / aerator, Simplex","french":"aérateur centrifuge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109763"},{"id":109764,"arabic":"مُهَويّة غاطسة","english":"aerator, submerged","french":"aérateur immergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109764"},{"id":109765,"arabic":"هواية سطحية","english":"aerator, surface","french":"aérateur de surface [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109765"},{"id":109766,"arabic":"تَحلُّل بيولوجيّ هوائيّ","english":"aerobic degradation","french":"dégradation aérobie [f.]","description":"تفكّك المواد العالقة في الحمأة أو في مياه الصرف الصحي بفعل الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة، وذلك في وجود الأكسجين وباستهلاكه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109766"},{"id":109767,"arabic":"مُعالجة هوائية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"aerobic treatment","french":"traitement aérobie [m.]","description":"مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي بواسطة كائنات حيّة دقيقة مع استهلاك الأكسجين، حيث يكون الأكسجين مُنحلاً أو مُتحد كيميائياً (على هيئة نترات، مثلاً).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109767"},{"id":109768,"arabic":"جَماليّ","english":"aesthetics","french":"esthétique","description":"يصف هذا النعت الخاصية التي يُدرك فيها الشخص شئ ما عن طريق الشم أو النظر، فعلى سبيل المثال لا يُعتبر التلوّث (المواد الصلبة العائمة، وبقع الزيت أو القاذورات) الذي يوجد في التجمّعات المائية ومحطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ مظاهر جمالية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109768"},{"id":109769,"arabic":"عمليات عناية لاحقة","english":"aftercare operations","french":"gestion postérieure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109769"},{"id":109770,"arabic":"مادة تنظيف","english":"agent, cleansing","french":"agent nettoyant [m.] / agent d'épuration [m.]","description":"مادة كيميائية تُكوِّن مُستحلباً مُستقراً عند بدء الاتحاد مع سوائل خفيفة في عمليات التنظيف، سُرعان ما يتحلل في حوض الفرز. (DIN EN 858-2:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109770"},{"id":109771,"arabic":"مبيد إزالة الرغوة","english":"agent, foam destruction","french":"moyen de destruction de mousse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109771"},{"id":109772,"arabic":"وسيط لتخثير الزيوت","english":"agent, oil binding","french":"liant pour huile / agglutineur pour huile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109772"},{"id":109773,"arabic":"مُؤكْسِد","english":"agent, oxidising","french":"oxydant [m.]","description":"العامل المُؤكسد عبارة عن مادة أو نظام يقوم بامتصاص الإلكترونات، وعن طريقه تتأكسد مواد أخرى، وبذلك يقل العامل المؤكسد نفسه. (انظر: [عامِل مُؤكسِد](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110184))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109773"},{"id":109774,"arabic":"نافِخة (هواء)","english":"air blower; blower","french":"soufflerie [f.]; soufflante [f.]","description":"التخلّص من المواد سريعة التبخر من السوائل عن طريق عملية تبادل غازيّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109774"},{"id":109775,"arabic":"سعَة التُربة للهواء","english":"air capacity of soil","french":"capacité du sol pour l'air","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109775"},{"id":109776,"arabic":"بِرْكَة طحالب","english":"algae pond","french":"étang à algues [m.]","description":"بركة مُحمّلة بمياه صرف صحيّ مُعالجة بيولوجياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109776"},{"id":109777,"arabic":"اختبار الطحالب","english":"algae test","french":"test d'algues [m.]","description":"طريقة تحدد بموجبها  درجة سُمّية مياه الصرف الصحيّ على الطحالب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109777"},{"id":109778,"arabic":"نمو الطحالب","english":"algal bloom","french":"prolifération des algues [f.] /efflorescence algale","description":"انتشار واسع للطحالب يحدث نتيجة الإفراط في استخدام مُغذياتها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109778"},{"id":109779,"arabic":"مُبيد الطحالب","english":"algicide","french":"algicide [m.]","description":"وسيلة لمكافحة الطحالب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109779"},{"id":109780,"arabic":"مَجرى مُتَغَيّر","english":"alluvial channel / mobile boundary channel","french":"conduit variable [m.]","description":"مجرى مائيّ تتكوّن حدوده المُتاخمة للتدفق من الطمي غير المُتماسك أو مادة غير مُتماسكة. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109780"},{"id":109781,"arabic":"مُعامِل ألفا","english":"alpha factor","french":"facteur alpha [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة المقدرة على إمداد خليط من مياه الصرف والحمأة المنشطة بالأكسجين على مقدرة إمداد مياه نقية بالأكسجين. (انظر: مُعامِل الإمداد بالأكسجين). (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109781"},{"id":109782,"arabic":"عامِل الإمداد بالأكسجين","english":"alpha factor","french":"facteur alpha [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة قدرة الإمداد بالأكسجين في خليط من مياه الصرف الصحيّ والحمأة المُنشطة على قدرة الإمداد بالأكسجين في المياه النقية. (انظر: [مُعامِل ألفا](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109781))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109782"},{"id":109783,"arabic":"تشغيل تَناوُبيّ","english":"alternate operation","french":"service alternant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109783"},{"id":109784,"arabic":"تخلّص من الأمونيوم","english":"ammonium removal","french":"élimination de l'ammonium [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109784"},{"id":109785,"arabic":"مقدار مياه الصرف","english":"amount of polluted water","french":"quantité d’eaux polluées [f.]","description":"(انظر: [حجم إجماليّ لمياه الصرف المتدفقة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109654))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109785"},{"id":109786,"arabic":"تحلُّل بيولوجيّ لاهوائيّ","english":"anaerobic degradation","french":"dégradation anaérobie [f.]","description":"تفكّك المواد العالقة في الحمأة أو في مياه الصرف الصحي بفعل الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة التي لا تحتاج للأكسجين لتعيش. حيث تجري عملية التحلّل من خلال تفاعلات بيوكيميائية تتم في غياب الأكسجين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109786"},{"id":109787,"arabic":"تخمير الحمأة","english":"anaerobic sludge digestion","french":"digestion anaérobie de boue [f.]","description":"التحلّل اللاهوائي للمواد العضوية الموجودة في الحمأة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109787"},{"id":109788,"arabic":"مُعالجة لاهوائية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"anaerobic treatment","french":"traitement anaérobie [m.]","description":"مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ باستخدام الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة مع غياب الأكسجين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109788"},{"id":109789,"arabic":"تَقوُّس","english":"arching","french":"effet de voûte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109789"},{"id":109790,"arabic":"تعليق","english":"attachment / mounting bracket","french":"suspension [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109790"},{"id":109791,"arabic":"تَيار عَكسيّ","english":"back flow/reflux","french":"reflux [m.]","description":"تدفق المياه عَكس الاتجاه المُعتاد من خارج النظام إلى داخله.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109791"},{"id":109792,"arabic":"تركيز ثانويّ","english":"background concentration","french":"concentration de fond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109792"},{"id":109793,"arabic":"غَسْل مُرتَدّ","english":"backwashing","french":"rétrolavage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109793"},{"id":109794,"arabic":"منقي مائل","english":"baffle plate thickener","french":"séparateur à plaques inclinées","description":"(انظر: [فرّازة على التوازي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104126))، (انظر: فارز الشرائح)، (انظر: رابط: [فارز المواد المُترسّبة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110123))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109794"},{"id":109795,"arabic":"تَوازُن الأكسجين","english":"balance, oxygen","french":"bilan d'oxygène [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109795"},{"id":109796,"arabic":"خَزّان مُوازَنة","english":"balancing / compensating / equalising / regulation reservoir or tank","french":"balance reservoir / equalizing reservoir","description":"مُنشأة أو مُكون يوجد في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، ويُستخدم للحد من تذبذبات التدفق والتصريف والتركيز ودرجة الحرارة أو ما شابه ذلك. (انظر: [حوض تعويض](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109798))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109796"},{"id":109797,"arabic":"صهريج المُعادلة","english":"balancing / compensating / equalising / regulation reservoir or tank","french":"compensating reservoir","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109797"},{"id":109798,"arabic":"حوض تعويض","english":"balancing tank / equalizing tank","french":"bassin de compensation [m.]","description":"1- في هندسة الري الزراعي هو الحوض الواقع على طول خندق الري الرئيسي، حيث تؤخذ المياه من هذا الحوض لري الحقول. ويتمثل الغرض من هذا الحوض في إتاحة التوجيه الموحّد للتيارات الصغيرة للمياه وأيضاً توزيع التدفقات الرئيسية لمياه الري على عدة أحواض، بحيث يتم تخفيف الأضرار التي تلحق بالحقول والمحاصيل جراء تشقق أو انهيار السدود الخاصة بحوض التوزيع. (انظر: [حَوْض توزيع](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=107311)) 2- مُنشأة أو خزان يوجد في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، ويُستخدم للحدّ من تذبذبات كميات التدفق والتصريف والتركيز ودرجة الحرارة أو ما شابه ذلك. (انظر: [خَزّان مُوازَنة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109796))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109798"},{"id":109799,"arabic":"مصفاة شريطية","english":"band screen / belt screen","french":"tamis à bande [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109799"},{"id":109800,"arabic":"مُواصَفة قياسية أساسية","english":"basic standard","french":"norme de base [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109800"},{"id":109801,"arabic":"حَوْض تجري فيه المياه طوليّاً","english":"basin with longitudinal throughflow","french":"bassin, à circulation longitudinale [m.]","description":"حوض مُعالجة أوّلية أو خزان لمياه الأمطار مُستطيل الشكل وممدود طولياً، ويحدث التدفق فيه تقريباً بشكل متوازٍ في اتجاه طوليّ ودون وجود مناطق للتدفق الراجع (مناطق مياه راكدة).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109801"},{"id":109802,"arabic":"دفعة (مياه الصرف)","english":"batch / charge / wastewater dose","french":"dose d'eaux usées [f.]","description":"كمية مياه الصرف الصحيّ التي تحوَّل إلى مُرشح النض من حوض التوزيع بواسطة دورة ضخ، أو عن طريق عملية التفريغ بواسطة سيفون.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109802"},{"id":109803,"arabic":"حَجْم الحمولة","english":"batch volume","french":"volume-discontinu [m.] / volume de charge [m.]","description":"حجم الحمولة في حيز تجميع حتى الوصول إلى مستوى الملء، والذي يقوم عنده حسّاس مُستوى الملء بفتح صمام الشفط عن طريق آلية تشغيل الصمام. (DIN EN 1091 :1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109803"},{"id":109804,"arabic":"وحدة تعبئة","english":"batching plant","french":"installation de dosage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109804"},{"id":109805,"arabic":"سرير","english":"bed","french":"lit [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109805"},{"id":109806,"arabic":"عُمْق السرير","english":"bed depth","french":"profondeur de billon (hauteur de lit) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109806"},{"id":109807,"arabic":"مُفاعِل ذو فرشة مُمَيَّعة","english":"bed reactor, fluidized; anaerobic attached film expanded bed","french":"réacteur à lit flottant [m.]","description":"مُفاعل حيوي به فرشة مميعة من الجسيمات تظل طافية بفعل دفق تصاعدي بسيط لسائل أو غاز. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109807"},{"id":109808,"arabic":"عَرْض الفَرشة","english":"bed width","french":"largeur de lit [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109808"},{"id":109809,"arabic":"ثنايا","english":"bedding (horticulture)","french":"creusement de lit [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109809"},{"id":109810,"arabic":"سَيْر ناقِل","english":"belt conveyor","french":"transporteur à courroie [m.] / convoyeur à courroie [m.] / transporteur à bande [m.]","description":"ناقلة مُزوّدة بسير دائم الحركة، يعمل على نقل المواد إلى منطقة الاستخدام.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109810"},{"id":109811,"arabic":"فلتر سير متحرك","english":"belt filter","french":"filtre à bande [m.]","description":"ماكينة فلترة أفقية تعمل بشكل مُستمر، وتُستخدم في عملية فصل المواد الصلبة عن السوائل ميكانيكياً، حيث يتم الفصل عند بداية العملية على قماشة الفلتر، حيث تنساب السوائل المُفلترة نتيجة لقوة الجاذبية الأرضية عبر قماشة الفلتر أو تُمتص عبر الفراغ الموجود فيها، ثم يتم تصريفها. وتبقى على قماشة الفلتر الجُسيمات الصلبة، التي تكوّن عندئذ الرشّاحة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109811"},{"id":109812,"arabic":"شبك طويل","english":"belt screen / travelling belt screen / band-type screen / band screen","french":"tamis à bande [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109812"},{"id":109813,"arabic":"عامِل بيتا (التشبع النسبيّ بالأكسجين)","english":"beta factor (relative oxygen saturation)","french":"facteur bêta [m.] / facteur de saturation en oxygène [m.]","description":"(انظر: [قيمة بيتا](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109815))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109813"},{"id":109814,"arabic":"عامِل التشبُّع بالأكسجين","english":"beta factor; oxygen saturation factor","french":"facteur de saturation en oxygène [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة تركيز التشبّع بالأكسجين في خليط مياه الصرف والحمأة المُنشطة على تركيز التشبّع بالأكسجين في المياه النقية عند نفس درجة الحرارة ونفس الضغط الجويّ. (انظر: [قيمة بيتا](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109815))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109814"},{"id":109815,"arabic":"قيمة بيتا","english":"beta ratio / beta value","french":"valeur beta","description":"ناتج قسمة درجة تركيز التشبّع بالأكسجين للخليط المكوّن من مياه الصرف الصحي والحمأة النشطة على درجة التشبّع بالأكسجين في المياه النقية مع تساوي درجة الحرارة وضغط الهواء. (انظر: مُعامِل التشبُّع بالأكسجين) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109815"},{"id":109816,"arabic":"اِحتياج بيوكيميائي من الأكسجين","english":"biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)","french":"demande biochimique en oxygène [f.]","description":"'كمية الأكسجين التي تستهلكها الكائنات الدقيقة - الموجودة في عينة من مياه الصرف الصحيّ – في عملية تحلل وتحويل مركبات الكربون العضوية تحت ظروف اختبار مُحددة (في مُدة خمسة أيام عادةً). يلاحظ أن الاحتياج البيوكيميائيّ (الكيميائيّ الحيويّ) للأكسجين أقل من الاحتياج الكيميائيّ له، وذلك لأن عمليات التحلل الحيويّ لا تنتهي بعد خمسة أيام. وفي حالة الاحتياج الكيميائيّ للأكسجين (CSB) تُجْمَع المواد العضوية غير القابلة للتحلل حيويًّا. كما أن الاحتياج البيوكيميائيّ للأكسجين - إلى جانب الاحتياج الكيميائيّ للأكسجين - يعد معيَّاراً هاماً لتقييم مدى تلوّث المياه أو مياه الصرف الصحيّ بالمواد العضوية. رمز المُعادلات: BSBt. وحدة القياس: ملّي جرام/لتر، جرام/م3.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109816"},{"id":109817,"arabic":"قابِلية التحلّل العضويّ","english":"biodegradability","french":"biodégradabilité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109817"},{"id":109818,"arabic":"غِشاء حيويّ","english":"biofilm; biological film","french":"film biologique [m.]","description":"طبقة رقيقة أو أحياء دقيقة تنمو على سطح مادة حاملة. (انظر: (رابط: مَزرعة بيولوجية))) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109818"},{"id":109819,"arabic":"غازٌ حيويّ","english":"biogas","french":"gaz de cuvage [m.] / biogaz [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109819"},{"id":109820,"arabic":"مُنشأة الغاز الحيويّ","english":"biogas plant","french":"méthaniseur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109820"},{"id":109821,"arabic":"استخدام الغاز الحيويّ","english":"biogas use","french":"utilisation du biogaz [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109821"},{"id":109822,"arabic":"غازٌ حيويّ","english":"biogas; biological gas","french":"gaz biologique[m.]; biogaz [m.]","description":"خليط غازيّ يتولّد عند التعفّن، ويتكوّن أساساً من غاز الميثان 42غاز الهَضْم) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109822"},{"id":109823,"arabic":"مَسقط بيولوجيّ","english":"biological cascade","french":"cascade biologique [f.]","description":"مُصطلح يُطلق على التشغيل المُتتاليّ لمُفاعلات بيولوجية من نفس النوع أو من أنواع مُختلفة لها نفس دورة الحمأة. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109823"},{"id":109824,"arabic":"مُلامس بيولوجيّ دوَّار","english":"biological contactor, rotating","french":"disque biologique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109824"},{"id":109825,"arabic":"مفاعل حيوي دوار","english":"biological contactor, rotating","french":"lit bactérien rotatif [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109825"},{"id":109826,"arabic":"تَوازُن حيويّ","english":"biological equilibrium","french":"équilibre biologique [m.]","description":"خزان هضم مُزوّد بإمكانية لاستخلاص الغاز الحيوي والتسخين. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109826"},{"id":109827,"arabic":"مرشح تقطير","english":"biological filter; trickling filter; percolating filter","french":"lit bactérien [m.]; lit percolateur [m.]","description":"مُفاعل حيوي مُزود بفرشة ثابتة من ردم، حيث تنساب مياه الصرف عبر هذه الفرشة. ملحوظة: تجري عملية التهوية بواسطة الهواء الطبيعي أو الاصطناعي. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109827"},{"id":109828,"arabic":"عملية التنشيط بالفُقاعات الدقيقة","english":"biological sludge treatment process","french":"procédé de boues activées à fines bulles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109828"},{"id":109829,"arabic":"مُعالجة بيولوجية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"biological treatment / biological purification","french":"épuration biologique [f.] / traitement biologique [m.]","description":"المواد العضوية في مياه الصرف الصحيّ التي تحللت بفعل الكائنات الحية الدقيقة مع استهلاك الأكسجين.  تظهر نتيجة لعمليات التحوّل في هذه الحالة مُركّبات غير عضوية، مثل ثاني أكسيد الكربون والماء، وأيضاً الكتلة الحيوية. ويحدث التحلل في محطات المُعالجة التي تُستعمل الحمأة المنشطة أو في ما يُسمى بالمزارع البيولوجية، في مُرشحات النض مثلاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109829"},{"id":109830,"arabic":"كُتلة حيوية","english":"biomass","french":"biomasse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109830"},{"id":109831,"arabic":"إزالة الفوسفور الحيويّ","english":"bio-P removal","french":"bio-P évacuation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109831"},{"id":109832,"arabic":"مُفاعل إنتاج الغاز الحيويّ","english":"bioreactor","french":"bioréacteur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109832"},{"id":109833,"arabic":"حُمولة نقص الأكسجين الحيويّ","english":"BOD load","french":"flux en DBO [m.] / charge en DBO","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109833"},{"id":109834,"arabic":"جِهاز قياس نقص الأكسجين الحيويّ","english":"BOD measurement equipment","french":"appareil de mesure DBO [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109834"},{"id":109835,"arabic":"نهر مُضَفَّر","english":"braided river","french":"rivière ramifiée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109835"},{"id":109836,"arabic":"مُهَويّة أسطوانية","english":"brush aerator","french":"aérateurs à brosse","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109836"},{"id":109837,"arabic":"تهوية فُقاعية","english":"bubble aeration","french":"aération par bulles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109837"},{"id":109838,"arabic":"مَصْرف المبنى","english":"building drain / drain","french":"collecteur horizontal et enterré [m.]","description":"أنابيب الصرف المُمتدة داخل المبنى أو تحت الأرض أسفل الأساسات، والتي يتم توصيل مواسير الصرف الصحي أو مُكوّنات شبكة الصرف الصحي الموجودة في قبو البناية بها مُباشرةً. (DIN EN 12056-1)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109838"},{"id":109839,"arabic":"جدار فاصل","english":"bulkhead / division wall / dividing wall / partition wall","french":"paroi de séparation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109839"},{"id":109840,"arabic":"حَمْأَة منتفِخة","english":"bulking sludge / sludge bulking","french":"boue gonflée [f.] / foisonnement des boues [m.]","description":"حمأة منشطة تتخذ حجماً منتفخاً فيصعب ترسيبها وتكثيفها. وتوجد عادةً عند توافر الكائنات الخيطية (الأحياء الدقيقة المكونة للخيوط).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109840"},{"id":109841,"arabic":"قيمة حرارية","english":"calorific value / heating value / thermal value","french":"valeur calorifique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109841"},{"id":109842,"arabic":"فلتر شمعيّ","english":"candle filter","french":"filtre à bougie [m.] / bougie filtrante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109842"},{"id":109843,"arabic":"مَصنع مُعلبات","english":"cannery / jam factory","french":"conserverie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109843"},{"id":109844,"arabic":"سَعَة الانتفاع","english":"capacity utilisation / degree of capacity utilisation","french":"degré d’utilisation de la capacité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109844"},{"id":109845,"arabic":"كربون مُذاب مُترابط عضوياً (DOC)","english":"carbon, dissolved organic (DOC)","french":"carbone organique dissous (COD) [m.]","description":"تركيز الكربون المُترابط عضوياً والمُتبقي في الماء بعد عملية الترشيح تحت ظروف مُحددة. الاختصار: DOC، وحدة القياس: ملي جم/لتر، جم/م3 (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109845"},{"id":109846,"arabic":"إجماليّ الكربون المُترابط عضوياً (TOC)","english":"carbon, total organic (TOC)","french":"carbone organique total (COT) [m.]","description":"درجة تركيز الكربون المُتواجد في المواد العضوية المُتحللة والمُعلقة في سائل ما. الاختصار: TOC. وحدة القياس: مليجرام/لتر، جم/م3 (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109846"},{"id":109847,"arabic":"نسبة الكربون إلى النيتروجين","english":"carbon-nitrogen ratio","french":"rapport carbone-azote [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109847"},{"id":109848,"arabic":"مادة مُسرطِنة","english":"carcinogen; substance, carcinogenic","french":"substance carcinogène [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109848"},{"id":109849,"arabic":"مادة الأساس","english":"carrier","french":"support [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109849"},{"id":109850,"arabic":"مادة داعمة","english":"carrier material","french":"matériau support [m.]","description":"(انظر: ردم)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109850"},{"id":109851,"arabic":"ناتج الطرد المركزيّ","english":"centrifugal effluent","french":"effluent d’essoreuse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109851"},{"id":109852,"arabic":"طاردة مركزية","english":"centrifugate","french":"centrifugat","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109852"},{"id":109853,"arabic":"طاردة مركزية","english":"centrifuge","french":"centrifugeuse","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109853"},{"id":109854,"arabic":"جزء سُفليّ للبئر","english":"chamber base","french":"parties inférieures de puits","description":"مُنشأ رأسي ذو أرضية مبنية، وقد يكون به سُلَّم، وهو مزوّد بوصلات مرنة مُناسبة لإحكام وصلات الأنابيب ضد التسريب، كما قد يكون مزوّداً بوصلة (وصلات) أنبوبية أو قطعة مُواءمة. (DIN EN 1917:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109854"},{"id":109855,"arabic":"إمداد","english":"charge; feed","french":"alimentation [f.]; approvisionnement [m.]; chargement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109855"},{"id":109856,"arabic":"مَصْنَع أجبان","english":"cheese dairy","french":"fromagerie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109856"},{"id":109857,"arabic":"أكسجين (ال..) الكيميائيّ المطلوب","english":"chemical oxygen demand (COD)","french":"demande chimique en oxygène (DCO) [f.]","description":"درجة تركيز الأكسجين المُستخدم في عملية أكسدة المواد الموجودة في الماء والمُحتوية على ثنائي الكرومات تحت ظروف ثابتة. الصيغة المُختصرة: CSB، وحدة القياس: الملِّي جرام/ لتر أو جرام/ متر3. (DIN EN 1085:2007). يعتبر الاحتياج الكيميائيّ الحيويّ - إلى حانب الاحتياج الكيميائيّ للأكسجين - معيَّاراً هاماً لتقييم مدى تلوّث المياه أو مياه الصرف الصحيّ بالمواد العضوية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109857"},{"id":109858,"arabic":"نقطة الانكسار لجرعة الكلور","english":"chlorination, break-point","french":"chloration au point critique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109858"},{"id":109859,"arabic":"حوض دائريّ","english":"circular tank","french":"bassin circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109859"},{"id":109860,"arabic":"تنقية","english":"clarification","french":"clarification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109860"},{"id":109861,"arabic":"مُعالجة نهائية لمياه الصرف الصحي","english":"clarification, final / sedimentation, secondary","french":"décantation secondaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109861"},{"id":109862,"arabic":"حوض المُعالجة النهائية لمياه الصرف","english":"clarifier / secondary settlement tank / secondary settling tank","french":"clarificateur [m.] / décanteur secondaire [m.]","description":"حوض ترسيب لفصل الحمأة المُنشطة أو حمأة مُرشّحات النض من صرف أحواض مُعالجة مياه الصرف باستخدام الحمأة المُنشطة أو مُرشّحات النض. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109862"},{"id":109863,"arabic":"محطة تنقية","english":"cleaning plant/system","french":"installation de nettoyage [f.] / installation d'épuration [f.]","description":"كمية الفقد، مُقدّرة بنسبة مئوية، التي تحدث عند تعرّض عينة للهب تصل حرارته إلى (550 + /- 25) °C، ارتباطاً بكمية الجفاف عند درجة (105 +/- 5) °C حتى تصل العينة المُجففة إلى درجة الثبات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109863"},{"id":109864,"arabic":"مصفاة ميكانيكية","english":"Climber Screen","french":"grille à nettoyage par peigne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109864"},{"id":109865,"arabic":"بكتيريا لاهوائية مختزلة للكبريت","english":"clostridia, sulphite reducing","french":"clostridium, sulfito-réducteur [m.]","description":"بكتيريا حيّة لاهوائية، تستخدم الكبريتات كعامل مؤكسد، وتتحلل منتجةَ الكبريتيد وكبريتيد الهيدروجين.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109865"},{"id":109866,"arabic":"مُرَشِّح قُماشي","english":"cloth filter","french":"filtre en toile; filtre en tissu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109866"},{"id":109867,"arabic":"مُخثِّر","english":"coagulant","french":"coagulant [m.]","description":"من المواد الكيميائية المُستخدمة في مجال هندسة مياه الصرف الصحيّ مثلاً، حيث تُضاف للحيلولة دون استقرار المواد العالقة أو المواد المُستحلبة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109867"},{"id":109868,"arabic":"عامِل مساعد للتنديف","english":"coagulation aid / flocculation aid","french":"adjuvant de coagulation* [m.] / adjuvant de floculation [m.]","description":"أيٌّ من المواد الكميائية التي تسمح بتكوّن الندفات (الخثرات) أو بتسريع تكوّنها، إلا أنها لا تكوِّنها هي ذاتها (على سبيل المثال، بولي إلكتروليت عضوي ضخم الجزيئات). (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109868"},{"id":109869,"arabic":"تغطية","english":"coating","french":"revêtement [m.]","description":"طبقة حماية تُبسط على جزء ما. (انظر: [تَكْسِية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109357))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109869"},{"id":109870,"arabic":"مُعامِل الاحتكاك","english":"coefficient of drag / coefficient of friction","french":"coefficient de frottement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109870"},{"id":109871,"arabic":"تحوْصب مُشترك","english":"co-flocculation","french":"cofloculation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109871"},{"id":109872,"arabic":"تماسُك","english":"cohesion (contact wetting)","french":"cohésion [f.]","description":"(انظر: [مرحلة المُعالجة الأولى (لمياه الصرف الصحي)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110470))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109872"},{"id":109873,"arabic":"بالوعة صرف منزلية","english":"collection chamber","french":"regard de collecte [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109873"},{"id":109874,"arabic":"مُعلق","english":"colloid","french":"colloïde [m.]","description":"مادة تتكون من جُسَيْمات صغيرة جداً مشتتة في وسط مُتَجَانس. تتراوح أحجام الجُسَيْم المُعلق - وفقاً للاتفاق العام - في النطاق ما بين 5 و5000 أنجستروم. (DIN EN 12715:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109874"},{"id":109875,"arabic":"مُعلق مائيّ (غروانيّ)","english":"colloid, hydrophilic / colloid, lyophilic","french":"colloïde, hydrophile [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109875"},{"id":109876,"arabic":"جِهاز الخلط","english":"combining equipment","french":"appareil de mélange [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109876"},{"id":109877,"arabic":"مَنظُومة سَهْك","english":"comminution plant; comminution system","french":"installation de broyage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109877"},{"id":109878,"arabic":"سَهْك","english":"comminution; size reduction","french":"broyage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109878"},{"id":109879,"arabic":"‌ساهِك","english":"comminutor","french":"broyeur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109879"},{"id":109880,"arabic":"ساهِك ديناميّ","english":"comminutor, dynamic","french":"broyeur, dynamique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109880"},{"id":109881,"arabic":"غُرفة مكبس الترشيح","english":"compartment-type filter press","french":"filtre-presse à chambres [m.]; filtre-presse à plateaux [m.]","description":"آلة تصريف اصطناعية تُستخدم للتخلص من حمأة الصرف الصحيّ من المياه، وفي هذه الآلة يقوم مُرشحان مُزودان بألواح ترشيح ذات أقمشة بالترشيح في غرفة مليئة بالحمأة تكون تحت ضغط. وتضغط المياه الموحلة (مياه الشطف أو الكسح أو الدفق) وتوزع على ألواح تعمل بمثابة مُرشّحات عن طريق قنوات الصرف الصحيّ. وبعد فتح الألواح عن طريق دفعها بعيداً عن بعضها البعض تخرج الحمأة منزوعة الماء على هيئة كعكة ترشيح.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109881"},{"id":109882,"arabic":"تيار جزئيّ","english":"component current; flow; stream","french":"courant partiel [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109882"},{"id":109883,"arabic":"مكوِّن بنائي سابق الصنع","english":"component, prefabricated","french":"composant préfabriqué [m.]","description":"استخدام الغاز الحيويّ، الناجم عن عملية تخمير حمأة مياه الصرف الصحيّ، في توليد طاقة حرارية أو في توليد تيار كهربائيّ. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109883"},{"id":109884,"arabic":"حوضُ مركَّب","english":"compound tank / compound basin","french":"bassin composé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109884"},{"id":109885,"arabic":"تهوية بالهواء المضغوط","english":"compressed air aeration","french":"aération à l'air comprimé [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109885"},{"id":109886,"arabic":"تركيز الجوامد الجافة","english":"concentration of dry solids / concentration, return sludge solids / concentration, excess sludge solids","french":"concentration des matières sèches en boues activées en excès [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109886"},{"id":109887,"arabic":"تركيز أسموزيّ","english":"concentration, osmotic","french":"concentration, osmotique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109887"},{"id":109888,"arabic":"حالة هوائية","english":"condition, aerobic","french":"conditions, aérobies [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109888"},{"id":109889,"arabic":"شروط حَيهَوَائية","english":"condition, aerobic","french":"condition, aérobie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109889"},{"id":109890,"arabic":"حالة لاهوائية","english":"condition, anaerobic","french":"condition, anaérobie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109890"},{"id":109891,"arabic":"حالة لاأكسجينية","english":"condition, anoxic","french":"conditions, anoxiques [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109891"},{"id":109892,"arabic":"صِهريج تَموُّر","english":"conduit regulator / surge tank / surge chamber","french":"régulateur de conduit [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109892"},{"id":109893,"arabic":"مُفاعِل غشائيّ حيويّ مغمور","english":"contact aerator","french":"lit immergé [m.]; réacteur à lit fixé immergé [m.]","description":"مُفاعل غشائي بيولوجيّ (حيويّ) توجد به ركيزة غاطسة في تيار مياه الصرف الصحيّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109893"},{"id":109894,"arabic":"مُرِّشح نض غاطس","english":"contactor, biological immersion","french":"lit bactérien immergé [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109894"},{"id":109895,"arabic":"إعادة التهوية","english":"contact-stabilization; re-aeration","french":"réaération [f.]; stabilisation par contact [f.]; stabilisation contact [f.]","description":"عمليات تنشيط الحمأة التي يتم فيها تهوية الحمأة العائدة على حدة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109895"},{"id":109896,"arabic":"حاوية الحمأة","english":"container, sludge","french":"réservoir à boue","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109896"},{"id":109897,"arabic":"جِسم غاطِس","english":"contractor, biological","french":"contacteur biologique [m.]","description":"مُفاعل حيوي غشائي مُزود بأجسام مالئة غاطسة في مياه الصرف لفترة مُعينة أو بشكل دائم، وأحياناً يكون مُزوداً بوسيلة للإمداد بالهواء. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109897"},{"id":109898,"arabic":"لوحة تحكّم","english":"control panel","french":"pupitre de commande [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109898"},{"id":109899,"arabic":"جِهاز نَقْل","english":"conveyor equipment","french":"appareil de manutention [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109899"},{"id":109900,"arabic":"تَرسِيب (كيميائي)","english":"co-precipitation","french":"coprécipitation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109900"},{"id":109901,"arabic":"تَرسُّب مُشترك","english":"co-precipitation","french":"coprécipitation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109901"},{"id":109902,"arabic":"إجراء مُضاد","english":"countermeasure","french":"contre-mesure [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109902"},{"id":109903,"arabic":"مُقرِّر","english":"course instructor / head of division / speaker","french":"conférencier [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109903"},{"id":109904,"arabic":"مُنحنى هبوط منسوب المياه (هيدرولوجياً)","english":"curve of depression / drop-down curve","french":"courbe de dépression [f.] / courbe de rabattement [f.]","description":"شريحة رقيقة لنموّ الأحياء الدقيقة فوق سطح مادة داعمة. (انظر: [غِشاء حيويّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109818)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109904"},{"id":109905,"arabic":"مقدار يومي من مياه الصرف بالنسبة لعدد السكان","english":"daily amount of sewage per inhabitant","french":"production d’eaux polluées, journalière, spécifique à la population [f.]","description":"كمية مياه الصرف الصحيّ اليومية لمنطقة أهلة بالسكان بالنسبة إلى عدد سُكانها. رمز المُعادلات: S,d\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109905"},{"id":109906,"arabic":"مَعمل ألبان","english":"dairy","french":"laiterie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109906"},{"id":109907,"arabic":"إِبَانَة","english":"decantation","french":"décantation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109907"},{"id":109908,"arabic":"خَزّان ترسيب","english":"decantationtank","french":"tank de décantation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109908"},{"id":109909,"arabic":"تَحلُّل","english":"decomposition","french":"décomposition [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109909"},{"id":109910,"arabic":"تَحلُّل","english":"decomposition; degradation","french":"dégradation [f.]","description":"عملية فيزيائية أو كيميائية أو بيوكيميائية، فيها تتحلّل المواد الموجودة في الحمأة أو في مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109910"},{"id":109911,"arabic":"تعقيم","english":"decontamination (chem.) / disinfection (med.)","french":"désinfection (méd.) [f.] / décontamination (chim.) [f.]","description":"(انظر: تطهير)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109911"},{"id":109912,"arabic":"نَقْص الأكسجين","english":"deficit, oxygen","french":"déficit d'oxygène [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109912"},{"id":109913,"arabic":"إزالة التَنَدُّف","english":"deflocculation","french":"défloculation [f.]","description":"(انظر: تَشتُّت)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109913"},{"id":109914,"arabic":"إزالة الغاز من الحمأة المتعفّنة","english":"degassing of digested sludge","french":"dégazage des boues putréfiées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109914"},{"id":109915,"arabic":"نِظام إزالة الغازات","english":"degassing system/plant","french":"installation de dégazage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109915"},{"id":109916,"arabic":"قابِلية التحلّل","english":"degradability","french":"dégradabilité [f.]","description":"حجم أو درجة تفكك المُركّبات العضوية بفعل تأثيرات بيولوجية أو كيميائية، حيث تنشأ هذه المُركّبات غالباً من خلال عمليات الأيض في الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة. (انظر: [درجة التحلّل النظرية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109923))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109916"},{"id":109917,"arabic":"قابِل للتحلّل","english":"degradable","french":"dégradable","description":"1- يُقصد بهذه الصفة في الهندسة المعمارية تمتع بعض المواد بخواص تجعل من غير المُمكن إزالتها إلا بواسطة آلة أو معدة معينة.                2- أمّا في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي والحمأة والمُخلفّات قيُقصد بها توفر خواص مُعينة بالمادة تُساعد على تفككها بفعل الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة، حيث يجري هذا التحلّل غالباً من خلال عمليات تأكسد وعمليات تميّؤ، مع تكوّن ماء وثاني أكسيد كربون وكُتل بيولوجية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109917"},{"id":109918,"arabic":"سِلسِلة التحلّل","english":"degradation chain","french":"chaîne de dégradation, de décomposition [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109918"},{"id":109919,"arabic":"فَعالية التحلّل","english":"degradation efficiency","french":"efficacité de la dégradation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109919"},{"id":109920,"arabic":"سُرعة التحلّل","english":"degradation kinetics; kinetics of degradation","french":"cinétique de dégradation","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109920"},{"id":109921,"arabic":"ناتج عملية التحلّل","english":"degradation product; decomposition product","french":"produit de dégradation [m.]; produit de décomposition [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109921"},{"id":109922,"arabic":"تَفكُّك أوّليّ","english":"degradation, primary","french":"dégradation primaire [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109922"},{"id":109923,"arabic":"درجة التحلّل النظرية","english":"degree of theoretical degradation","french":"degré de dégradation théorique","description":"درجة التحلّل التي يمكن تحقيقها نظرياً. وهي تُمثّل نسبة المواد القابلة للتحلّل في إجمالي المُكوّنات العضوية بالمواد الأساسية. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109923"},{"id":109924,"arabic":"درجة التشتت","english":"degree of dispersion","french":"degré de dispersion [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109924"},{"id":109925,"arabic":"درجة الاستقرارية","english":"degree of stabilization","french":"degré de stabilisation [m.]","description":"درجة التحلل التي يُمكن الوصول إليها عن طريق توفير الاستقرار، وهي تُقدّر بالنسبة المئوية، ويتم فيها، على سبيل المثال، قياس نسبة انخفاض المواد العضوية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109925"},{"id":109926,"arabic":"درجة التحلّل التقنية","english":"degree of technical degradation","french":"degré de dégradation technique","description":"درجة تحلّل المُركّبات العضوية، التي يمكن تحقيقها بواسطة طريقة مُحددة أثناء التشغيل التقني العملي. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109926"},{"id":109927,"arabic":"درجة الانتفاع","english":"degree of utilisation","french":"coefficient de charge [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة الحمولة الفعلية على السعة التصميمية أو سعة المُعالجة الخاصة بمحطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109927"},{"id":109928,"arabic":"تجفيف","english":"dehydration; dewatering; drying","french":"déshydratation [f.]; assèchement [m.]; dessiccation [f.]; séchage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109928"},{"id":109929,"arabic":"إزالة النترجة","english":"denitrification","french":"dénitrification [f.]","description":"خفض نسبة النترات أو النتريت عن طريق البكتريا، ويجري ذلك أساساً عن طريق تحويلها إلى نيتروجين غازي. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109929"},{"id":109930,"arabic":"اختزال نيتروجينيّ","english":"denitrification","french":"dénitrification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109930"},{"id":109931,"arabic":"إزالة الأكسجين","english":"deoxygenation","french":"désoxygénation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109931"},{"id":109932,"arabic":"نِظام التخلص من الفينول","english":"dephenolation system/plant","french":"installation de déphénolation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109932"},{"id":109933,"arabic":"سَعَة تصميمية","english":"design capacity","french":"capacité de production prévue","description":"التصاريف والحمولات القصوى التي تُصمم عليها محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي للوفاء بظروف ما يردها من مياه. ويُمكن استخدام حمولات مُختلفة (حمولة 5","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109933"},{"id":109934,"arabic":"سَعَة تصميمية","english":"design capacity","french":"capacité nominale [f.]","description":"نسب التصريف والحمولات القصوى التي تُصمم وتُقاس على أساسها محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، وذلك للوفاء بشروط تحويل المياه الموضوعة. ويمكن استخدام حمولات مُختلفة (مثل حمولة الاحتياج البيولوجي للأكسجين في خمسة أيام، حمولة كيلو نيوتن) وتصاريف واردة مختلفة (مثل تصاريف فترة الجفاف والتصريف القياسي الأقصى). (انظر: سَعَة  تصميمية). (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109934"},{"id":109935,"arabic":"مُبدِّد الحمأة الطافية","english":"destroyer, floating sludge","french":"destructeur de boues surnageantes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109935"},{"id":109936,"arabic":"نِظام كاشف لإجراء عملية التندف","english":"detector systems for flocculation opti-misation","french":"système de détection pour l'optimisation de la floculation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109936"},{"id":109937,"arabic":"زمن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"detention period (waste water) / retention time (waste water) / residence time (waste water)","french":"durée de séjour (eaux résiduaires) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109937"},{"id":109938,"arabic":"مُنظِّف","english":"detergent","french":"détergent [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109938"},{"id":109939,"arabic":"تنمية هيدروكيميائية","english":"development, hydrochemical","french":"développement hydrochimique [m.]","description":"جزء من عملية تنقية مياه الصرف يهدف إلى التخلّص من المواد الصلبة الكبيرة أو الرمال أو الحصى أو المواد الطافية في تلك المياه. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109939"},{"id":109940,"arabic":"تجهيزة التخلص من الحمأة الطافية","english":"device, floating sludge removal","french":"dispositif de décharge des boues surnageantes [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109940"},{"id":109941,"arabic":"نِظام تصريف مياه الحمأة","english":"device/system, sludge dewatering","french":"système de déshydratation de boue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109941"},{"id":109942,"arabic":"رسم بيانيّ","english":"diagram; graph","french":"diagramme [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109942"},{"id":109943,"arabic":"عُمْق فتحة التهوية","english":"diffuser depth; diffuser submergence","french":"immersion des diffuseurs [f.]; profondeur d'insufflation (d'air)","description":"في خزان التهوية الخاص بمنظومة التنشيط، هو ارتفاع المياه عن فتحات خروج عناصر التهوية في حالة إيقاف عمل التهوية. رمز المُعادلات: hD; وحدة القياس: م.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109943"},{"id":109944,"arabic":"تجهيزات حوض التعفّن","english":"digester installation","french":"installation à chambres de putréfaction des boues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109944"},{"id":109945,"arabic":"فترة احتجاز الحمأة في خزان الهضم","english":"digester solids retention time","french":"âge de boue","description":"خارج قسمة الكمية الإجمالية للمواد الصلبة المُتبقية في خزان الهضم، الذي تحدث فيه عملية الخلط بشكل كامل، على متوسط كمية المواد الصلبة المأخوذة يومياً، مع الأخذ في الاعتبار المواد القابلة للترشيح في المياه الخطرة المعزولة (في حالة وجودها). رمز المُعادلات: tTS,FB، وحدة القياس: يوم (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109945"},{"id":109946,"arabic":"حوض التخمّر اللاحق","english":"digester, final","french":"digesteur final [m.]","description":"مُنشأة أو تجهيزة يُمكن من خلالها تصريف مياه الأمطار ومياه الصرف الصحي في التربة بشكل أسرع.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109946"},{"id":109947,"arabic":"خَزّان هَضْم مكشوف","english":"digester, open","french":"digesteur, ouvert [m.]","description":"حوض هضم مكشوف يخلو من إمكانية استخلاص الغاز الحيوي والتسخين. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109947"},{"id":109948,"arabic":"تفتيت حَراريّ","english":"digestion by heat / thermal digestion","french":"digestion à chaud [f.]","description":"تحويل مادة غير قابلة للذوبان أو شحيحة الذوبان، بواسطة الحرق، إلى مُركّبات قابلة للذوبان في الأحماض أو في الماء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109948"},{"id":109949,"arabic":"حَوْض تعفُّن","english":"digestion tank","french":"chambre de putréfaction des boues [f.] / chambre de digestion [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109949"},{"id":109950,"arabic":"قِمّة الحاجِز","english":"dike crest; top of dike","french":"couronnement d'une digue [m.]","description":"مجرى لا يتغير قطاعه العرضي على امتداد كامل طوله، ويكون مُستقيم التخطيط وثابت الانحدار. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109950"},{"id":109951,"arabic":"دِيوكْسِين","english":"dioxin","french":"dioxine [f.]","description":"(انظر: رباعيّ كلوريد البنزول ديوكسيين)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109951"},{"id":109952,"arabic":"تطهير","english":"disinfection","french":"désinfection [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109952"},{"id":109953,"arabic":"وسيط تشتت","english":"dispersant","french":"dispersant [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109953"},{"id":109954,"arabic":"عامِل مُشتِّت","english":"dispersing agent","french":"agent de dispersion [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109954"},{"id":109955,"arabic":"تَشتُّت","english":"dispersion","french":"dispersion [f.]","description":"تفكيك الركام إلى أجزاء مُفردة، بحيث يكون كل جزء منها كوحدة مُستقلة. (انظر إزالة التَنَدُّف)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109955"},{"id":109956,"arabic":"شبكة نقل وتوزيع","english":"distribution network","french":"réseau de conduites [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109956"},{"id":109957,"arabic":"لوح الغثاء","english":"diving board","french":"volet plongeur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109957"},{"id":109958,"arabic":"حَوْض دورتموند","english":"Dortmund tank","french":"fosse Dortmund [m.]","description":"حوض ترسيب على شكل قمع، يوجد في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، وتتدفق فيه المياه رأسياً، وغالباً ما يتم ذلك مركزياً. (انظر: [بئر دورتموند](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109959)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109958"},{"id":109959,"arabic":"بئر دورتموند","english":"Dortmund tank","french":"fosse Dortmund [m.]","description":"حوض ترسيب على شكل قمع، تتدفق فيه مياه الصرف الصحي عمودياً، وغالباً ما يتم ذلك مركزياً. (انظر: حوض دورتموند) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109959"},{"id":109960,"arabic":"جهاز مُعايَرة","english":"dosing device; dosing feeder","french":"dispositif de dosage; dispositif doseur","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109960"},{"id":109961,"arabic":"محطة التجرع","english":"dosing station","french":"point d’application [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109961"},{"id":109962,"arabic":"حَوْض ترسيب مُكوَّن من طابقين","english":"double-deck settling basin","french":"décanteur à double étage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109962"},{"id":109963,"arabic":"انحدار الأرض","english":"downward slope","french":"pente descendante","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109963"},{"id":109964,"arabic":"تآكُل رأسيّ جانبيّ","english":"drifting (of sludge) / negative lift","french":"dérive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109964"},{"id":109965,"arabic":"فلتر أسطواني","english":"drum filter","french":"filtre à tambour [m.]","description":"فلتر نسيجي غاطس، على شكل طَبْل (أسطواني الشكل)، يدور حول محور أفقي، وتتدفق المياه خلاله أفقياً بهدف التخلّص من الجُسميات الدقيقة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109965"},{"id":109966,"arabic":"كثافة في الحالة الجافة","english":"dry density","french":"masse volumétrique du sol [f.] / densité sèche [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109966"},{"id":109967,"arabic":"كتلة جافة","english":"dry mass","french":"masse sèche [f.]","description":"كتلة المواد الجامدة التي تنتج بعد عمليات التجفيف مُعبراً عنها بوحدة الجرام. رمز المُعادلات: mT (انظر: [جوامد جافة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109970)) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109967"},{"id":109968,"arabic":"مُخلّفات صلبة جافة","english":"dry residue","french":"résidu sec [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109968"},{"id":109969,"arabic":"حَمْأَة جافّة","english":"dry sludge","french":"boue sèche [f.] / boue deshydratée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109969"},{"id":109970,"arabic":"جوامد جافة","english":"dry substance","french":"substance sèche [f.]","description":"كتلة المواد الجامدة التي تنتج بعد عمليات التجفيف مُعبراً عنها بوحدة الجرام. يُرمز لها بالاختصار: TS (انظر: [كتلة جافة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109967))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109970"},{"id":109971,"arabic":"مُحتوى المواد الجافة","english":"dry substance content","french":"teneur en substance sèche","description":"جملة المادة الجافة الموجودة في كتلة ما بوحدة جرام/ لتر. رمز المُعادلات: TSR (انظر: بقايا جافة من عمليات التبخّر)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109971"},{"id":109972,"arabic":"مُجَفّف  (الهواء)","english":"dryer","french":"séchoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109972"},{"id":109973,"arabic":"مُجِّفف قُرصيّ","english":"dryer, disk/plate","french":"séchoir à plateau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109973"},{"id":109974,"arabic":"مُجَفِّف  دَوَّار","english":"dryer, rotary","french":"séchoir à tambour [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109974"},{"id":109975,"arabic":"مُجِّفف رَذاذ","english":"dryer, spray","french":"séchoir à vaporisation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109975"},{"id":109976,"arabic":"مسار التجفيف","english":"drying behaviour","french":"déroulement du séchage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109976"},{"id":109977,"arabic":"مَنْفَس تهوية (خزان)","english":"duct, ventilation (tank)","french":"conduite d'aération (bassin) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109977"},{"id":109978,"arabic":"مِصبغة","english":"dye works","french":"teinturerie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109978"},{"id":109979,"arabic":"أعمال حفر ترابية","english":"earthwork / excavation","french":"terrassement [m.]","description":"في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي تغيير جودة مياه الصرف الصحي قبل تحويلها إلى شبكة الصرف العامة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109979"},{"id":109980,"arabic":"حق الارتفاق","english":"easement","french":"servitude foncière [f.]","description":"(انظر: مُرَسِّب)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109980"},{"id":109981,"arabic":"كفاءة التحلّل","english":"efficiency of degradation","french":"efficacité de dégradation [f.]","description":"الجزء المُتحلل من الحمولة الكليّة. رمز المُعادلات: R\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109981"},{"id":109982,"arabic":"فعالية بيولوجية","english":"efficiency, biological","french":"efficacité, biologique [f.]","description":"نسبة تقليل الملوّثات العضوية إلى نسبة الملوّثات العضوية التي تضاف في عمليات المُعالجة البيولوجية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ. رمز المُعادلات: x\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109982"},{"id":109983,"arabic":"مُعالجة نهائية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"effluent polishing","french":"Polissage d'eaux usées","description":"تتم تنقية مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُعالجة بيولوجياً عن طريق احتجاز المواد الصلبة العالقة، على سبيل المثال، في البركة التي تتم بها مرحلة من المراحل النهائية من تنقية المياه أو خلال عملية الترشيح. ويُمكن أن ينخفض من خلال ذلك مُعدل الاحتياج الحيوي للأكسجين في خمسة أيام (BSB5).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109983"},{"id":109984,"arabic":"تهوية بالمِضخَّة القاذفة","english":"ejector aeration","french":"aération par éjecteur [f.]","description":"نوع خاص من أنواع التهوية القسرية لإدخال الأكسجين في حوض التهوية والتنشيط وفقاً لمبدأ عمل تجهيزة الإمداد النفثية. ويتم ضخ مياه الصرف الصحيّ بوصفها وسيط تشغيل عن طريق منفث، حيث تقوم مياه الصرف الصحيّ بامتصاص الهواء عند خروجها من المنفث، ويمتزج هذا الهواء امتزاجاً جيداً مع مياه الصرف الصحيّ في حيز الخلط المُتصل بالمنظومة. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109984"},{"id":109985,"arabic":"سدادة طرفية","english":"end plug","french":"bouchon d'extrémité [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109985"},{"id":109986,"arabic":"تَنفُّس داخليّ","english":"endogenous respiration","french":"respiration endogène [f.]","description":"استهلاك الكائنات الحيّة للأكسجين دون إمداد بالمواد الأساسية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109986"},{"id":109987,"arabic":"طاقة التحلل","english":"energy requirement for removal","french":"effort d'élimination [m.]; énergie nécessaire pour la dégradation [f.]","description":"الطاقة المُستنفدة في عملية التحلّل، فيما يتعلق على سبيل المثال بالاحتياج الكيميائي الحيوي للأكسجين خلال 5 أيام 5B\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109987"},{"id":109988,"arabic":"توسيع","english":"enlargement / expansion / extension / increase","french":"élargissement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109988"},{"id":109989,"arabic":"مجرى المدخل","english":"entrance channel","french":"caniveau d’arrivée [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109989"},{"id":109990,"arabic":"بقايا صلبة بعد التبخر","english":"evaporation residue; residue on evaporation","french":"résidu d'évaporation [m.]","description":"في التحليل الكيميائي، أحد مُتغيرات عملية الفحص، وتُقاس عليه درجة تركيز مجموع المواد المُتحلّلة، والمُعلقة في الماء، والطافية على سطح الماء. 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(DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110040"},{"id":110041,"arabic":"تجهيزة إزالة الرغوة","english":"foam destruction equipment","french":"équipement de destruction de mousse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110041"},{"id":110042,"arabic":"تكوُّن الرغوة","english":"foam formation","french":"formation de mousses [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110042"},{"id":110043,"arabic":"زَبَد","english":"foam; froth","french":"mousse [f.] / écume [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110043"},{"id":110044,"arabic":"معبر خوض","english":"ford crossing","french":"passage à gué [m.]","description":"مُنشأة أو جهاز لفصل الشحوم أو الزيوت أو المواد الطافية الأخرى من مياه الصرف الصحيّ. (انظر: [فاصِل الزيت](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110305)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110044"},{"id":110045,"arabic":"سَدّ هيكليّ","english":"framed dam","french":"barrage en charpente [m.]","description":"التخلّص من مواد بعينها في نظام خاضع للفحص، مثال ذلك: عن طريق التحلّل الحيويّ أو الامتزاز أو استخلاص الهواء والغازات أو بالطرق الكيميائية. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110045"},{"id":110046,"arabic":"تُربينة 'فرانسيس'","english":"Francis turbine","french":"turbine Francis [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110046"},{"id":110047,"arabic":"منحدر نفثيّ حر على شكل قطع مكافئ","english":"free jet chute; free jet parabolic drop","french":"chute à jet libre parabolique [f.]","description":"جدار رأسي غاطس جزئياً في حوض مائي أو بركة ليعمل على احتجاز المواد الطافية في المياه. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110047"},{"id":110048,"arabic":"خلوص الفُرُوق","english":"freeboard","french":"franc-bord [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110048"},{"id":110049,"arabic":"مخروط","english":"funnel / hopper / cone","french":"entonnoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110049"},{"id":110050,"arabic":"أخدود","english":"furrow","french":"sillon [m.]; rigole [f.]","description":"درجة التحلل الفعلية عند توفّر الاستقرار اللاهوائي لحمأة مياه الصرف الصحيّ.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110050"},{"id":110051,"arabic":"ريّ بطريقة الأخاديد الحقلية","english":"furrow irrigation","french":"irrigation par rigoles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110051"},{"id":110052,"arabic":"جهاز تحليل الغاز","english":"gas analyzer","french":"appareil d'analyse de gaz [m.]","description":"منطقة مُحددة أو جسم مصنوع تحدث فيه مجموعة من التفاعلات بشكل مُتحكم فيه على المواد الصلبة أو بواسطتها. مثال ذلك: مُعالجة المياه الجوفية عن طريق العمليات الجيوكيميائية في جدار رد الفعل، أو تخمير الكتلة الحيوية وإنتاج الغاز الحيوي في مُفاعل المواد الصلبة العامل بالتيار الصاعد.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110052"},{"id":110053,"arabic":"صِمام الملء","english":"gate valve","french":"robinet d’accumulation [m.]","description":"تجهيزة لتقليل الضوضاء، على سبيل المثال على حافة المسقط في حامل تصريف. ويتم ضبط منسوب المياه في حامل التصريف. وبزيادة منسوب المياه يتم تقليل ضوضاء السقوط على حافة المسقط بقدرٍ مُماثل.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110053"},{"id":110054,"arabic":"بئر المناسيب","english":"gauge well / stilling well / float well / recorder well","french":"puits de jauge [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110054"},{"id":110055,"arabic":"عِلم المياه الجوفية","english":"geohydrology / groundwater hydrology","french":"géohydrologie [f.]","description":"علم يبحث في ظهور المياه في المناطق المجوفة من غلاف الأرض اليابسة وتفاعلها المُتبادل مع الصخور. مُلاحظة: اختير اسم المياه الجوفية وفقاً لطبيعة هذه المياه. (انظر: (رابط: [جُيُولوجيا المائية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=100264)) (DIN 4049-1:1992)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110055"},{"id":110056,"arabic":"جُرثومة مُسبِّبة لأمراض","english":"germ","french":"germe pathogène [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110056"},{"id":110057,"arabic":"منفذ شبكيّ","english":"grate; grating","french":"caillebottis [m.]","description":"حجم الغاز الحيوي الناتج عن عملية الاستقرار اللاهوائي لحمأة التنقية، ارتباطاً بكمية المواد العضوية. (انظر: كَمّية تقنية للغاز الحيويّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110057"},{"id":110058,"arabic":"شبكة (النُّفايات)","english":"grating / grid rack / screen","french":"grille [f.] / dégrilleur [m.]","description":"تجهيزة (مِصفاة) مُكوّنة من أعمدة، تُستخدم لإزالة المواد الصلبة والعالقة من مجرى مياه الصرف الصحي أو من مُسطح مائي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110058"},{"id":110059,"arabic":"مُصَبَّعة","english":"grating; lattice","french":"grille [f.]","description":"خليط الغاز الناتج في عملية الهضم، ويتكوّن بصفة أساسية من الميثان، (42\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110059"},{"id":110060,"arabic":"مُصَبَّعة","english":"grating; lattice","french":"grillage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110060"},{"id":110061,"arabic":"شبكة جريان حُر","english":"gravity system","french":"réseau gravitaire [m.]; réseau à écoulement libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110061"},{"id":110062,"arabic":"إزالة الدهون","english":"grease removal / degreasing","french":"dégraissage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110062"},{"id":110063,"arabic":"شحوم قابلة للانفصال مباشرةً","english":"grease, directly separable","french":"graisse, séparable directement [f.]","description":"نسبة الشحوم الموجودة في مياه الصرف الصحيّ، والتي تنفصل عنها بسبب اختلاف الكثافة في المسار الفيزيائيّ بعد 15 دقيقة. رمز المُعادلات: Fa. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110063"},{"id":110064,"arabic":"حوض فصل الحصى والرمل","english":"grit chamber","french":"dessableur statique [m.]","description":"تجهيزة أو خزّان لفصل الحصى والرمل و ما شابه من المواد الصلبة من مياه الصرف الصحيّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110064"},{"id":110065,"arabic":"منشأة فصل الحصى","english":"grit chamber scraper","french":"installation de ramassage du sable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110065"},{"id":110066,"arabic":"منشأة إزالة الرمال مهوية","english":"grit chamber, aerated","french":"dessableur aéré [m.]; dégraisseur-dessableur aéré [m.]","description":"تجهيزة أو خزّان لفصل الحصى والرمل وما شابه من المواد المعدنية الصلبة من مياه الصرف الصحيّ، وهو مزوّد بدوّامة مائية يولِّدها تيار داخل من الهواء، ويُستخدم في الوقت نفسه لاستبعاد المواد الطافية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110066"},{"id":110067,"arabic":"مرشِّح رمليّ","english":"grit filter; sand filter","french":"filtre à sable [m.]","description":"مرشح يُستخدم فيه الرمل مادةً للترشيح. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110067"},{"id":110068,"arabic":"منشأة إزالة الرمال","english":"grit separator","french":"installation de dessablage","description":"مُنشأة أو تجهيزة آلية لفصل واستبعاد الحصى والرمل وما شابه من المواد المعدنية الصلبة الموجودة في مياه الصرف الصحيّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110068"},{"id":110069,"arabic":"مُصنِّف","english":"grit washer / grit separating device","french":"classificateur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110069"},{"id":110070,"arabic":"كِفاية نقل إجماليّ الأكسجين في المياه النقية","english":"gross oxygen transfer efficiency in clean water","french":"apport spécifique brut en oxygène en eau propre [m.]","description":"(رقم خصائصي للمروحة) خارج قسمة كمية الإمداد بالأكسجين في المياه النقية وكمية الطاقة المُستهلكة المحسوبة على الوصلات الكهربائية. (DIN EN 1085:2007) رمز المُعادلات: N\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110070"},{"id":110071,"arabic":"كِفاية نقل إجماليّ الأكسجين تحت ظروف التشغيل","english":"gross oxygen transfer efficiency under process conditions","french":"apport spécifique brut en conditions d'exploitation [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة كمية الإمداد بالأكسجين في خليط من مياه الصرف والحمأة المُنشطة، على مقدار استهلاك الطاقة المحسوب على الوصلات الكهربائية. رمز المُعادلات: (N\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110071"},{"id":110072,"arabic":"رُسابة جليدية أرضية","english":"ground moraine","french":"moraine de fond [f.]","description":"الرسابة المتكوّنة من المواد المُتجمدة أو المواد الحفرية من الأنهار الجليدية. وفي المنطقة العربية أيضاً توجد ترسيبات من صخور صلبة ناجمة من حقبة أوّلية للمناطق الجليدية، كما حدث عند تجمّد الصحراء وجبال 'أنديز' قبل 450 مليون سنة. وفي مجالات التجلّد في العصور الحديثة تلعب الرسابة الجليدية الأرضية دوراً هاماً كمصدر للمياه الجوفية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110072"},{"id":110073,"arabic":"حَقْن","english":"grouting","french":"application de mortier [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110073"},{"id":110074,"arabic":"ترايهالوميثانات (THM)","english":"haloforms (pl.) / triholomethanes (THM) (pl.)","french":"triholomethanes (THM) (pl.) [m.]","description":"مصطلح شائع لمُنتج ثانوي يُستعمل لتطهير مياه الشرب، والاسم الكامل هو: Trihalogenmethane. وقيمة THM هي التي يتعين رصدها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110074"},{"id":110075,"arabic":"تجهيزة الدخل","english":"headrace structure","french":"ouvrage d'amenée; ouvrage d'adduction","description":"تجهيزة مُرَكَّبة على مدخل حوض ما لتحويل الطاقة وتوزيع مياه الصرف الصحي بالتساوي على مُجمل القطاع المُستعرض للخزان، مثل رشاش أو عائق. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110075"},{"id":110076,"arabic":"مُبادِل حراريّ","english":"heat exchanger","french":"échangeur de chaleur [m.]/échangeur thermique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110076"},{"id":110077,"arabic":"وحدة توليد الحرارة","english":"heat generating plant/facility","french":"installation de production de chaleur [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110077"},{"id":110078,"arabic":"حوض مُعالجة بالنباتات","english":"helophyte bed / vegetable wastewater treatment plant","french":"plate-bande [f.]","description":"مساحة من التربة مفروشة بالرمل والحصى، ومزروع بها نباتات قصبية (نباتات ملحية)، وتستخدم لتنقية مياه الصرف الصحي منزوعة الحمأة أو المعالجة بيولوجياً بشكل جزئي بطريقة بيولوجية، ويمر التيار في حوض النباتات أفقياً أو رأسياً. (انظر: [محطة معالجة بالنباتات](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110554))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110078"},{"id":110079,"arabic":"خَزّان قادوسيّ القاع","english":"hopper-bottom tank","french":"bassin à fond conique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110079"},{"id":110080,"arabic":"صِمام 'هاول بنجر'","english":"Howell-bunger valve","french":"vanne à trou de bonde Howell [f.]","description":"صمام له أسطوانتان تليسكوبيتان لتوزيع المياه المُتدفقة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110080"},{"id":110081,"arabic":"‌صِهْريج الدُّبال بعد مُرشح النضّ","english":"humus tank","french":"décanteur secondaire (de lit bactérien) [m.]","description":"حوض مُعالجة نهائية لمياه الصرف يتم تشغيله بعد مُرشحات النض. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110081"},{"id":110082,"arabic":"حوض ترسيب نهائي","english":"humus tank","french":"décanteur secondaire (de lit bactérien) [m.]","description":"حوض مُعالجة نِهائيّة لمياه الصرف، ويُشغّل بعد مُرشح تقطير. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110082"},{"id":110083,"arabic":"عناصر هيدرولية","english":"hydraulic elements","french":"données de base hydrauliques [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110083"},{"id":110084,"arabic":"تدفُّق مياه الصرف الصحي المسموح بها","english":"hydraulic head","french":"charge hydraulique [f.]","description":"أقصى تدفق لمياه الصرف الصحي يُسمح به في قارنة أو مسقط أو أنبوب صرف رئيسي مُقدّراً باللتر/ثانية (l/s). رمز المُعادلات: max\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110084"},{"id":110085,"arabic":"جهاز فصل إعصاري (جهاز لفصل الماء عن الحمأة)","english":"hydrocyclone","french":"épaississeur cyclonique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110085"},{"id":110086,"arabic":"خط تساوى منسوب المياه الجوفية","english":"hydro-isobath / isobath of water table","french":"courbe de profondeur de nappe phréatique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110086"},{"id":110087,"arabic":"نَبات مائيّ","english":"hydrophyte","french":"plate aquatique [f.]","description":"نبات يعيش في الماء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110087"},{"id":110088,"arabic":"مخروط 'إمْهُوف' (الزجاجيّ)","english":"Imhoff cone","french":"cône Imhoff / cône de décantation","description":"وعاء زجاجي على هئية قُمع، يُستخدم في قياس المواد القابلة للترسّب في مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110088"},{"id":110089,"arabic":"مَخْرُوط 'إمْهُوف'","english":"Imhoff cone","french":"éprouvette Imhoff [f.]","description":"(انظر: [قُمع 'إمْهُوف'](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110090))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110089"},{"id":110090,"arabic":"قُمع 'إمْهُوف'","english":"Imhoff cone","french":"entonnoir Imhoff [m.]","description":"كأس ترسيب على شكل قُمع، ويكون الجُزء السُفلي منه مُدرّجاً. ويُستخدم لقياس كمية المواد القابلة للترسّب في مياه الصرف الصحي. وتتحدد قيمة القياس بالمليلتر للتر الواحد. (بيشوفسبيرجر و هيجيهمان: Bischofsberger & Hegemann) 2005)) (انظر: [مَخْرُوط 'إمْهُوف'](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110089))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110090"},{"id":110091,"arabic":"مُحكَم الغلْق","english":"impermeable; impervious; tight","french":"imperméable; étanche","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110091"},{"id":110092,"arabic":"مِنْفاخ هواء على دفقات","english":"impingement aerator","french":"aérateur à percussion [m.] / aérateur par chocs [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110092"},{"id":110093,"arabic":"مَحطّة احتجاز وتخزين المياه","english":"impoundage operation","french":"mode retenue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110093"},{"id":110094,"arabic":"شائبة","english":"impurity","french":"impureté [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110094"},{"id":110095,"arabic":"مُوجِّه مياه الصرف","english":"incoming sewer","french":"adducteur d'eaux usées [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110095"},{"id":110096,"arabic":"تنظيف حوض التنقيط (حوض إمْهُوف)","english":"induced sloughing","french":"décrassage (d’un lit bactérien) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110096"},{"id":110097,"arabic":"مياه صرف تشغيلية","english":"industrial effluent","french":"effluent industriel [m.]","description":"مياه الصرف الناجمة عن المناطق التجارية والصناعية. كما يشمل المُصطلح كلاً من مياه الصرف الناتجة عن المُنشآت التجارية والصناعية معاً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110097"},{"id":110098,"arabic":"محطة مُعالجة مياه صرف صناعية ذات تصريف مباشر","english":"industrial wastewater treatment plant, directly discharging","french":"station d’épuration industrielle à déverse directe [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110098"},{"id":110099,"arabic":"‌ماء يُستخدم في أغراض صناعية","english":"industrial water / process water","french":"eau industrielle [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110099"},{"id":110100,"arabic":"صِناعة كيميائية","english":"industry, chemical","french":"industrie, chimique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110100"},{"id":110101,"arabic":"صناعات اللحوم","english":"industry, meat processing","french":"industrie de transformation de la viande [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110101"},{"id":110102,"arabic":"تغلغل مياه الصرف الصحي","english":"infiltration","french":"infiltration [f.] / rejet dans le sous sol [m.]","description":"إتاحة تغلغل مياه الصرف الصحيّ التي تمت مُعالجنها بطريقة مُناسبة إلى جوف الأرض دون استخدامها في أغراض زراعية. مثال ذلك: عن طريق استخدام نظام لتخلُّل مياه الأمطار أو مياه الصرف إلى جوف الأرض، أو خنادق ترشيح بنظام لتخلُّل مياه الصرف إلى جوف الأرض، أو أنبوب تحويل مياه الصرف المُتخلّلة في جوف الأرض. ويتحقق التطبيق التقني لذلك في منظومات التسرب (الرشح).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110102"},{"id":110103,"arabic":"متوسط الدفق الداخل","english":"inflow, average; flow, average","french":"débit moyen [m.]","description":"متوسط مقدار التيار الحجميّ في فترة زمنية مُحددة. وحدة القياس: لتر/ثانية - متر3/ثانية - متر3/الساعة (انظر: مُتوسط التَدفُّق الحجمي، [مُتوسط السريان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103284)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110103"},{"id":110104,"arabic":"دفق","english":"influent; inflow","french":"débit [m.]","description":"في هندسة الصرف الصحيّ، كمية المياه المُتدفقة عبر مقطع سريان مُستعرض مُعين في كل وحدة زمنية. (انظر: تَدفُّق، [سَرَيان](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103292)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110104"},{"id":110105,"arabic":"نطاق دخول الماء","english":"inlet area","french":"zone d'arrivée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110105"},{"id":110106,"arabic":"جهاز ترشيح بيولوجي","english":"installation, biological filter","french":"dispositif lit bactérien","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110106"},{"id":110107,"arabic":"تجهيزة كَشْط الحمأة الطافية","english":"installation, scraper floating sludge","french":"équipement de raclage pour boue surnageante [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110107"},{"id":110108,"arabic":"تجهيزة تدوير الحمأة","english":"installation, sludge circulation","french":"équipement de circulation de boue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110108"},{"id":110109,"arabic":"مُنشأة فصْل الحمأة في محطة مرشح النض","english":"installation, sludge separator for biological filter systems","french":"équipement de séparation de la boue pour installations à lits bactériens [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110109"},{"id":110110,"arabic":"تغذية بطريقة الصدمة","english":"intermittent supply","french":"alimentation intermittente [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110110"},{"id":110111,"arabic":"مِنطقة المد البَيْنيّ","english":"intertidal zone","french":"zone intertidale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110111"},{"id":110112,"arabic":"مرشح معكوس","english":"inverted filter / protective filter","french":"filtre, inversé [m.]","description":"حوض لاستكمال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، ويتمثل الهدف الأساسي منه في تخليص مياه الصرف من الجراثيم المُسببة للأمراض عن طريق تعريضها لآشعة الشمس، وكذلك عن طريق التنافس على الغذاء والأعداء الطبيعية. (انظر: [مُعالجة نهائية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109983)). (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110112"},{"id":110113,"arabic":"مِلء فَواصِل (الوَصلات)","english":"joint seal","french":"étanchéité des joints [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110113"},{"id":110114,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مُجمَّعة","english":"joint treatment","french":"traitement simultané [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110114"},{"id":110115,"arabic":"نتروجين كلداهل","english":"Kjeldahl nitrogen","french":"azote Kjeldahl [m.]","description":"تركيز إجمالي النيتروجين المُترابط حيوياً والنيتروجين الأمونيومي. الاختصار: KN، وحدة القياس: ملي جم/لتر. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110115"},{"id":110116,"arabic":"مَعْمَل","english":"laboratory","french":"laboratoire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110116"},{"id":110117,"arabic":"مُساعِد مَعْمَل","english":"laboratory assistant","french":"laborantin [m.] / laborante [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110117"},{"id":110118,"arabic":"فَحْص مَعْمَليّ","english":"laboratory examination / laboratory investigation","french":"examen de laboratoire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110118"},{"id":110119,"arabic":"اختبار مَعْمَليّ","english":"laboratory test","french":"essai de laboratoire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110119"},{"id":110120,"arabic":"بِرْكة مُهوّاة لمُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"lagoon, aerated","french":"lagune aérée [f.]","description":"حوض أرضي لمُعالجة مياه الصرف بيولوجياً. وتتكوّن نظم البرك المُهوّاة على الأقل من بركتين مُنفصلتين، إحداهما مُزوّدة بتهوية اصطناعية، والتي تتم من خلال تجهيزات فنية، والأخرى بركة ترسيب. ويتم في البركتين التخلّص من الحمأة بانتظام، ولا تحدث عملية إعادة تدوير للحمأة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110120"},{"id":110121,"arabic":"بحيرات أكسدة طبيعية","english":"lagooning, natural","french":"lagunage naturel [m.]","description":"عدة برك يتم تفعيلها على التوالي وتُستخدم لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي بيولوجياً دون استخدام تهوية صناعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110121"},{"id":110122,"arabic":"فارز شرائحيّ","english":"lamella separator","french":"décanteur lamellaire [m.]","description":"في هندسة المياه، تركيبة من الألواح أو الأنابيب المائلة، تُركّب بحيث تفصل بينها مسافات مُتساوية، وذلك حتى يتم توسيع حيز المُعالجة الفعّال في خزان الترسيب. (انظر: [منقي مائل](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109794)) (انظر: الفارز ذو الألواح المتوازية) (انظر: [فارز المواد المُترسّبة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110123))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110122"},{"id":110123,"arabic":"فارز المواد المُترسّبة","english":"lamella separator","french":"décanteur lamellaire [m.]/séparateur à plaques inclinées","description":"أسطح ترسيب مائلة، توجد في أحواض أو خزانات الترسيب المُستخدمة في عمليات مُعالجة المياه أو مياه الصرف الصحي، حيث تعمل هذه الأسطح على رفع منسوب سطح المُعالجة، وبالتالي تحسين عملية الترسيب. (انظر: فارز الشرائح)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110123"},{"id":110124,"arabic":"طَبقة الزبَد","english":"layer of scum","french":"boues flottantes [f.]; chapeau d'écume [m.]","description":"طبقة من الزبد (الغثاء) طافية في خزان التعفن. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110124"},{"id":110125,"arabic":"صِناعة الجُلود","english":"leather industry","french":"industrie du cuir [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110125"},{"id":110126,"arabic":"حَسّاس منسوب الملء","english":"level control sensor; level sensor","french":"détecteur de niveau [m.]; capteur de niveau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110126"},{"id":110127,"arabic":"سائل خفيف قابل للانفصال مُباشرةً","english":"light liquid, directly separable","french":"liquide léger, séparable directement [m.]","description":"النسبة الكتلية لسائل خفيف موجود في مياه الصرف الصحي، ثم انفصل فيزيائياً عن المياه بعد 15 دقيقة بسبب التفاوت في درجة الكثافة. رمز المُعادلات: La (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110127"},{"id":110128,"arabic":"سائل خفيف غير قابل للانفصال مُباشرةً","english":"light liquid, non directly separable","french":"liquide léger, non-séparable directement [m.]","description":"النسبة الكتلية لسائل خفيف موجود في مياه الصرف الصحي، ثم تم استحلابه أو فصله غروانياً (انفصال ظاهري) أو فعلياً (جُزيئياً) في المياه. رمز المُعادلات: La (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110128"},{"id":110129,"arabic":"جِيرٌ","english":"lime","french":"chaux [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110129"},{"id":110130,"arabic":"جِير مُطْفَأ","english":"lime hydrate","french":"hydrate de chaux [m.]","description":"الجير العالق في المياه والذي يُستخدم في هذه الهيئة في حالة تكييف الحمأة أو التندف. (انظر: [لبن الجير (غسول الجير)](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110131))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110130"},{"id":110131,"arabic":"لبن الجير (غسول الجير)","english":"lime slurry","french":"lait de chaux [m.]","description":"(انظر: [جِير مُطْفَأ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110130))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110131"},{"id":110132,"arabic":"تجيير التُربة","english":"liming","french":"chaulage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110132"},{"id":110133,"arabic":"سائل ثقيل قابل للفصل المباشر","english":"liquid, heavy, directly separable","french":"liquide lourd séparable directement [m.]","description":"النسبة الكمية أو الحجمية للسوائل الثقيلة الموجودة في مياه الصرف الصحيّ والتي تنفصل عنها فيزيائياً بعد 15 دقيقة بفعل التغيّرات في درجة الكثافة. رمز المُعادلات: Sa. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110133"},{"id":110134,"arabic":"حُمولة الملِّوثات","english":"load polluting; polluting load","french":"charge polluante [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110134"},{"id":110135,"arabic":"حَمَلَ (الفلتر)","english":"load up (to) (filter)","french":"colmater (filtre)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110135"},{"id":110136,"arabic":"كَمِّية التغذية","english":"loading","french":"quantité mise en charge [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110136"},{"id":110137,"arabic":"نِسبة الشحْن","english":"loading rates","french":"taux de chargement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110137"},{"id":110138,"arabic":"ساهك","english":"macerator; disintegrator; comminutor","french":"pompe dilacératrice [f.]; dilacérateur [m.]; broyeur [m.]","description":"في مجال مُعالَجة مياه الصرف ومُعالَجة الحمأة، تجهيزة آلية لِطَحْن (سَهْك) المواد الصلبة. (DIN EN 1985:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110138"},{"id":110139,"arabic":"أقصى إمداد بالأكسجين","english":"maximum oxygenation","french":"réoxygénation maximale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110139"},{"id":110140,"arabic":"مُتوسِّط مدة مُكث الحمأة","english":"mean cell residence time (MCRT)","french":"temps de séjour des boues (moyen) [m.]","description":"الزمن المحسوب اللازم للتخلّص من مُحتوى المادة القابلة للترشيح في محطة التهوية والتنشيط (بما في ذلك طبقات التخمرّ الهوائي واللاأكسجيني واللاهوائي بالإضافة إلى حوض الترسيب الثانوي)، وذلك عند بقاء كمية الحمأة المفصولة ثابتة وأن تؤخذ في الاعتبار كمية المواد القابلة للترسيب العالقة في مياه الصرف الصحي المُعالجة. مُلاحظة: عُمر الحمأة في كل محطات المُعالجة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110140"},{"id":110141,"arabic":"تهذيب المجرى للتصريفات المتوسطة","english":"mean water training / training for sediment","french":"régulation d’eau moyenne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110141"},{"id":110142,"arabic":"قياس إضافة الأكسجين","english":"measurement of oxygen","french":"mesure de l'oxygénation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110142"},{"id":110143,"arabic":"مُعالَجة غِشائية باستخدام الحمأة المُنشطة","english":"membrane bioreactor process","french":"procédé d’activation à membrane [m.]","description":"في عمليات مُعالجة مياه الصرف: دمج أغشية ترشيح في حوض التنشيط لفصل الماء عن الحمأة المُنشطة. وتُعد عملية الترشيح الغشائية هذه بديلاً عن عملية المُعالجة اللاحقة لمياه الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110143"},{"id":110144,"arabic":"طريقة الغِشاء الرَّقّيّ","english":"membrane process","french":"filtration à membrane [f.] / procédé à membrane [m.]","description":"1. طريقة لإزالة المواد الموجودة في المياه، بدءاً من الجُسيمات مُتناهية الصغر وحتى المواد المُذابة، وذلك باستخدام مُرشّح مُركّب على طبقة داعمة. 2. يُمكن تحقيق مُعالجة دقيقة وذات نتائج مُمتازة لمياه الصرف بواسطة طرق الغشاء الرقي بدون استخدام مواد كيميائية، ومن هذه الطرق: التناضحية العكسية، والترشيح الدقيق، والترشيح الفائق. وتُستخدم طريقة التناضحية العكسية عند مُعالجة المياه المُتخللة في المُستودعات وفي عمليات إزالة ملوحة مياه البحر. ويُستخدم الترشيح الفائق عادةً في عمليات فصل المواد المُستحلبة (عند فصل الزيوت من حمامات التنظيف مثلاً). (الجمعية الألمانية لإدارة المياه والمياه العادمة والنفايات: 2006 (DWA))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110144"},{"id":110145,"arabic":"غِشاء رَقّيّ شِبه مُنفذ","english":"membrane, semipermeable","french":"membrane semi-perméable [f.]","description":"هي مادة تُستخدم للترشيح، في عمليات الفصل الغشائي، ولا تنفذ منها سوى مواد مُعينة أو مواد تسري في اتجاه مُعين فقط.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110145"},{"id":110146,"arabic":"قِياس فتحة المنخل","english":"mesh size/width","french":"largeur de maille [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110146"},{"id":110147,"arabic":"منبع مياه طبيعية عِلاجية","english":"mineral spring","french":"source d'eau minérale","description":"مجرى مائيّ حدوده المُتاخمة للتدفق لا تتغيّر، مثل الموصلات الخرسانية أو الحجرية والأنهار في الوديان الصخرية. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110147"},{"id":110148,"arabic":"مُزِيل الرذاذ","english":"mist collector","french":"séparateur de gouttes","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110148"},{"id":110149,"arabic":"خليط مياه الصرف الصحيّ والحمأة المُنشّطة","english":"mixed liquor","french":"liqueur mixte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110149"},{"id":110150,"arabic":"خليط من حمآت مُنشّطة","english":"mixed liquor","french":"liqueur mixte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110150"},{"id":110151,"arabic":"خليط من مياه الصرف الصحيّ والحمأة المنشطة","english":"mixed liquor","french":"liqueur mixte [f.]","description":"خليط من مياه الصرف الصحي والحمأة النشطة في محطة مُعالجة بالحمأة المنشطة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110151"},{"id":110152,"arabic":"نسبة تدوير السائل الممزوج","english":"mixed liquor recirculation rate","french":"taux de recirculation de la liqueur mixte [m.]","description":"في مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ: خارج قسمة التيار الحجميّ – لخليط مياه الصرف والحمأة المُنشطة الغني بالنترات والعائد من نطاقات النترجة إلى نطاقات إزالة النترجة في حوض التهوية والتنشيط – على دفق مياه الصرف الصحيّ الداخل. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110152"},{"id":110153,"arabic":"درجة تركيز الحمأة المنشطة","english":"mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS)","french":"concentration en boues de la boue activée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110153"},{"id":110154,"arabic":"محتوى المواد الجافة العالقة في حوض التهوية (MLSS)","english":"mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)","french":"concentration en boues de la liqueur mixte [f.]","description":"المواد المركزة القابلة للترشيح في خليط من مياه الصرف الصحي والحمأة المُنشطة. رمز المُعادلات: TSBB وحدة القياس: ملّي جم/ لتر، جرام/ لتر","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110154"},{"id":110155,"arabic":"مُحتوى المواد العضوية الجافة في حوض التهوية (MLVSS)","english":"mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) (pl.)","french":"concentration en matières volatiles de la liqueur mixte [f.]","description":"تركيز المواد العضوية القابلة للترشيح الموجودة في خليط من مياه الصرف الصحي والحمأة المُنشطة. رمز المُعادلات: oTSBB وحدة القياس: ملّي جم/ لتر، جم/ لتر","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110155"},{"id":110156,"arabic":"نموذج","english":"module","french":"module [m.]","description":"1. عُنصر مُعقد، قابل للاستبدال، يوجد بداخل نظام شامل أو جهاز أو ماكينة، كوحدة وظيفية مُغلقة. 2. وحدة تدريسية في تخصصات دراسية جامعية مُعينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110156"},{"id":110157,"arabic":"سَدٌّ مُتعدِّد العقود المرتكزة على دَعائم","english":"multiple arch-buttress dam","french":"barrage à contreforts à voûtes multiples [m.]","description":"كمية الغاز الحيوي المُرتبطة بكمية المواد العضوية المُتحللة. رمز المُعادلات: sإنتاج نوعيّ للغاز الحيويّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110157"},{"id":110158,"arabic":"صافي الضاغط","english":"net head","french":"hauteur de chute nette [f.]","description":"موضع تجميع مياه الصرف الصحي وتحويلها إلى شبكة الصرف، مثل البالوعات الأرضية، وصرف أحواض الغسيل والشطف، وأحواض الاستحمام، ودورات المياه. (انظر: [نُقطة الصرف](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=105856)).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110158"},{"id":110159,"arabic":"نَترَجَة","english":"nitrification","french":"nitrification [f.]","description":"أكسدة أيونات الأمونيوم بواسطة البكتيريا، ويحدث هذا عادةً حتى تتشكل النيترات كناتج نهائي. (DIN EN 1095:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110159"},{"id":110160,"arabic":"تأزت أو نيترة","english":"nitrification","french":"nitrification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110160"},{"id":110161,"arabic":"تَوازُن النتروجين","english":"nitrogen balance","french":"bilan azote [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110161"},{"id":110162,"arabic":"دورة النيتروجين","english":"nitrogen cycle","french":"cycle de l'azote [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110162"},{"id":110163,"arabic":"بَكتيريا دورة النيتروجين","english":"nitrogen cycle bacteria (pl.)","french":"bactéries du cycle de l'azote (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110163"},{"id":110164,"arabic":"تثبيت النتروجين (الجويّ)","english":"nitrogen fixation","french":"fixation de l’azote [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110164"},{"id":110165,"arabic":"إزالة النتروجين","english":"nitrogen removal","french":"élimination de l’azote [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110165"},{"id":110166,"arabic":"إجمالي النتروجين","english":"nitrogen, total","french":"azote total [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110166"},{"id":110167,"arabic":"إجمالي النتروجين المُؤَكْسَد","english":"nitrogen, total oxidized","french":"azote oxydé total [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110167"},{"id":110168,"arabic":"تحلّل غير بيولوجي","english":"non-biological degradation","french":"dégradation non biologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110168"},{"id":110169,"arabic":"عَزْل المُغذيّات","english":"nutrient removal","french":"élimination des nutriments [f.] / élimination des substances nutritives [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110169"},{"id":110170,"arabic":"إزالة الأملاح المُغذّية","english":"nutrient salts removal","french":"enlèvement des nutriments [m.] / élimination des sels nutritifs [f.]","description":"عملية بيولوجية، أو فيزيائية، أو كيميائية، تُجرى ضمن عمليات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي بهدف إزالة مُركّبات الفسفور والنيتروجين. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110170"},{"id":110171,"arabic":"فَصْل المُغذيّات","english":"nutrient separation","french":"séparation des substances nutritives [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110171"},{"id":110172,"arabic":"حِمْل الأكسجين","english":"OC/load","french":"charge d’oxygène [f.]","description":"كمية الأكسجين المنحلّ في وحدة الحجوم في الماء النقي أو مياه الصرف الصحي مقدرةً بالملّي جرام/لتر.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110172"},{"id":110173,"arabic":"حِمْل الأكسجين في المياه النقية","english":"OC/load in clean water","french":"charge d'oxygène en eau propre","description":"خارج قسمة كمية الإمداد بالأكسجين في المياه النقية على قيمة الاحتياج البيولوجي للأكسجين خلال خسمة أيام (5B، وحدة القياس: كجم/كجم (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110173"},{"id":110174,"arabic":"فَصْل الزيت","english":"oil removal / oil separation","french":"déshuilage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110174"},{"id":110175,"arabic":"مصيدة الزيت","english":"oil trap","french":"déshuileur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110175"},{"id":110176,"arabic":"تَدُّفق مجرى مفتوح","english":"open channel flow","french":"écoulement libre [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110176"},{"id":110177,"arabic":"تشغيل محطات مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"operation of wastewater treatment plants","french":"exploitation des installations de clarification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110177"},{"id":110178,"arabic":"مكافئ الانتشار الغشائيّ (التناضحيّ)","english":"osmotic equivalent","french":"équivalent osmotique [m.]","description":"مُفاعل للهضم. (انظر: هاضِم) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110178"},{"id":110179,"arabic":"أُنْبوب صَرْف لأحواض الترسيب","english":"outlet pipe for sedimentation tanks","french":"tuyau de sortie pour les bassins de décantation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110179"},{"id":110180,"arabic":"تَأكْسُد","english":"oxidation","french":"oxydation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110180"},{"id":110181,"arabic":"أُخدُود أكْسَدَة","english":"oxidation ditch","french":"chenal d'oxydation [m.]","description":"أحواض تهوية ذات دورة داخلية، وعادةً ما تكون متوازية ومتّصل بعضها مع بعض من أطرافها. 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(انظر: [مُعالَجة بالأُوزُون](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110197))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110196"},{"id":110197,"arabic":"مُعالَجة بالأُوزُون","english":"ozonisation / ozonation","french":"ozonisation [f.]","description":"(انظر: [تَعْقِيم بالأُوزُون](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110196))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110197"},{"id":110198,"arabic":"مَنظُومة التعقيم بالأُوزُون","english":"ozonisation system","french":"installation d'ozonisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110198"},{"id":110199,"arabic":"قِطعة أرض","english":"parcel (of land)","french":"unité cadastrale","description":"فعالية طبقة الندفات (الخثرات) بوصفها تعمل عمل الفلتر، عندما يخترقها خليط من مياه الصرف والحمأة النشطة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110199"},{"id":110200,"arabic":"أقصى دفق داخل","english":"peak inflow","french":"apport de pointe","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110200"},{"id":110201,"arabic":"جريان مخترق","english":"permeate flow / permeate flux","french":"permeat [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110201"},{"id":110202,"arabic":"مُبيد آفات","english":"pesticide","french":"produit anticryptogamique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110202"},{"id":110203,"arabic":"أس هِيْدرُوجنيّ","english":"pH value","french":"pH [m.] / valeur du pH [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110203"},{"id":110204,"arabic":"فُوسْفات","english":"phosphate","french":"phosphate [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110204"},{"id":110205,"arabic":"ترسيب الفُوسفات","english":"phosphate precipitation","french":"précipitation de phosphates [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110205"},{"id":110206,"arabic":"إزالة الفُوسفات","english":"phosphate removal","french":"élimination de phosphate [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110206"},{"id":110207,"arabic":"مُوازَنة الفوسفور","english":"phosphorus balance","french":"bilan phosphore [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110207"},{"id":110208,"arabic":"إزالة الفوسفور بيولوجياً","english":"phosphorus removal, biological","french":"élimination biologique du phosphore [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110208"},{"id":110209,"arabic":"إزالة الفوسفور كيميائياً","english":"phosphorus removal, chemical","french":"élimination chimique du phosphore [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110209"},{"id":110210,"arabic":"فوُسْفُور ذائب","english":"phosphorus, dissolved","french":"phosphore, dissous [m.]","description":"تركيز مجموع مُركّبات الفوسفور العضوية وغير العضوية المُتبقية في المياه بعد إجراء عملية الفلترة تحت ظروف مُعينة. وحدة القياس: ملّي جم/لتر، جم/متر3 (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110210"},{"id":110211,"arabic":"إجماليّ الفوُسْفُور","english":"phosphorus, total","french":"phosphore total [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110211"},{"id":110212,"arabic":"معالَجة فيزيوكيميائية","english":"physico-chemical treatment","french":"traitement physico-chimique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110212"},{"id":110213,"arabic":"عوارض رأسية","english":"picket fence / rabble rake device","french":"herse d'épaississement [f.] / bras de raclage [m.]","description":"في نظام استخلاص الماء من الحمأة، تجهيزة ميكانيكية تدور ببطء وتكون مُزوّدة بعوارض عمودية، مُلحقة في الغالب بكاسحة وحل. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110213"},{"id":110214,"arabic":"التغطية بلوح","english":"planking","french":"platelage [m.]","description":"وسيلة لتأمين قاعدة الحاجز الجانبيّ لمجرى مائيّ، وتصنع عادةً من ألواح خشبية، مع تثبيتها عن طريق الخوازيق. (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110214"},{"id":110215,"arabic":"تجهيزات غسل المُصَفَّيات","english":"plant, screenings washing","french":"installation de lavage des retenues de grilles [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110215"},{"id":110216,"arabic":"مَزْرَعة لتربية النباتات","english":"plant, vegetation","french":"installation végétale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110216"},{"id":110217,"arabic":"محطة غسيل الحمأة","english":"plant/system, sludge washing","french":"installation de lavage de boue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110217"},{"id":110218,"arabic":"سَرَيان سِداديّ","english":"plug flow","french":"écoulement tampon [m.]","description":"مُنحنى بياني للتيار مُزوداً بخليط كامل عبر المقطع العرضي للتيار، دون خليط في اتجاه السريان. ويكون سلوك التيار الطبيعي في مُفاعلات الأنابيب. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110218"},{"id":110219,"arabic":"حوض تجري فيه المياه على دفقات","english":"plug-flow reactor","french":"bassin, à circulation tampon [m.]","description":"تصوّر لتصميم، يمر فيه سائل ذو درجات تركيزات مختلفة زمنياً للمواد عبر خزان، بحيث لا يحدث خلط للسائل المُتدفق (بسبب اضطراب أو عملية تدفق راجع مثلاً). ويؤدي ذلك إلى ثبات درجة تركيز المواد عند فتحة الدخول وفتحة الخروج، إلا أنها تختلف فقط في زمن المرور.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110219"},{"id":110220,"arabic":"هَدّار بوبينغ","english":"Poebing weir","french":"barrage de Poebing [m.]","description":"الحمأة المنفصلة من المرحلة الثانية من عملية معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110220"},{"id":110221,"arabic":"تَلَوُّث جماليّ","english":"pollution, aesthetic","french":"pollution, visuelle et olfactive [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110221"},{"id":110222,"arabic":"إزالة نترجة لاحقة","english":"post denitrification","french":"post-dénitrification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110222"},{"id":110223,"arabic":"تَهوية قَبْلِية","english":"pre-aeration","french":"pré-aération","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110223"},{"id":110224,"arabic":"عامِل التخثُّر","english":"precipitant / coagulant / flocculant / precipitating agent","french":"agent de précipitation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110224"},{"id":110225,"arabic":"تًساقُط","english":"precipitate / precipitation","french":"précipitation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110225"},{"id":110226,"arabic":"ناتِج الترسيب","english":"precipitation product","french":"produit de précipitation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110226"},{"id":110227,"arabic":"ترسيب كيميائيّ","english":"precipitation, chemical","french":"précipitation chimique [f.]","description":"تحّول المواد المُذابة في المياه عن طريق تفاعل كيميائيّ في وجود مادة ترسيب إلى مواد غير قابلة للذوبان في المياه. وعند مُعالجة المياه أو تنقية مياه الصرف الصحيّ تحدث عملية الترسيب لإزالة العسرة (التليين) أو لإزالة الفوسفات في محطات المُعالجة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110227"},{"id":110228,"arabic":"تَساقُط مُتزامِن","english":"precipitation, simultaneous","french":"précipitation simultanée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110228"},{"id":110229,"arabic":"تدهُور تَدريجيّ (للتربة مثلاً)","english":"pre-degradation","french":"prédégradation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110229"},{"id":110230,"arabic":"إزالة الفوسفور","english":"P-removal","french":"élimination du P [f.]","description":"إزالة الفوسفور","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110230"},{"id":110231,"arabic":"تَرسِيب أوليّ","english":"pre-precipitation","french":"précipitation initiale [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110231"},{"id":110232,"arabic":"مِكْبَس المُصَفِّيات","english":"press for screenings","french":"presse pour retenues des dégrilleurs [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110232"},{"id":110233,"arabic":"مكبس سير التصفية","english":"press, belt-type filter / press, belt / press, travelling screen","french":"presse à tamis sans fin [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110233"},{"id":110234,"arabic":"نِظام تهوية بالضغْط","english":"pressure aeration system","french":"système d’aération sous pression [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110234"},{"id":110235,"arabic":"تعزيز الضغْط","english":"pressure boosting; pressure uprating","french":"surpression [f.]; augmentation du niveau de pression [f.]","description":"حجم جرام واحد من المادة الجافة في الحماة المُنشطة مُقدراً بالمليمتر، وذلك بعد إجراء عملية الترسيب تحت ظروف مُحددة. ملحوظة: هذه الظروف المُحددة قد تكون مزجاً أو تحريكاً، والمُدة الزمنية الثابتة تكون عادةً 30 دقيقة. الاختصار: ISV (انظر: [دليل حجم الحمأة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110371)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110235"},{"id":110236,"arabic":"حوض ترسيب أوليّ","english":"primary clarifier","french":"décanteur primaire [m.]","description":"حوض ترسيب تفصل فيه نسبة كبيرة من المواد العالقة في مياه الصرف المُعالجة أو غير المُعالجة، وذلك عن طريق الترسيب. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110236"},{"id":110237,"arabic":"ترسيب مبدئيّ","english":"primary settling","french":"décantation primaire","description":"جزء من عملية تنقية مياه الصرف، الهدف منه التخلّص من المواد القابلة للترسيب أو الطفو الموجودة في مياه الصرف غير المُعالجة أو المُعالجة أوّلياً فقط. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110237"},{"id":110238,"arabic":"حَمْأَة أولية","english":"primary sludge","french":"boue primaire","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110238"},{"id":110239,"arabic":"حمأة ابتدائية مختلطة","english":"primary sludge, mixed","french":"boues primaires mixtes [f.]","description":"الحمأة التي يتم فصلها خلال عملية المُعالجة الأوّلية، والتي لا يجري خلطها مع أنواع الحمأة الراجعة الأخرى. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110239"},{"id":110240,"arabic":"تغذية أولية (ملء)","english":"priming","french":"premier chargement (remplissage) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110240"},{"id":110241,"arabic":"تحضير (المضخة)","english":"priming (of pump)","french":"amorçage (pompe) [m.]","description":"مُفاعل كيميائي ذو طبقة حيوية، ومُزوّد بفرشة ثابتة مصنوعة من مادة حبيبية كمادة ملء، تجرى بداخلها عمليتا الترشيح والتحلل الحيوي. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110241"},{"id":110242,"arabic":"مياه الأغراض الصناعية","english":"process water","french":"eaux résiduaires de fabrication (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110242"},{"id":110243,"arabic":"إدارة المشروع","english":"project management","french":"direction de projet [f.]","description":"حوض أو خزان لمُعادلة تذبذبات الصرف وتذبذبات التركيز... إلخ (حوض تخزين أو حوض خلط، مثلاً). (انظر: [خَزّان مُوازَنة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109796)) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110243"},{"id":110244,"arabic":"غِطاء واقٍ لمكشطة السحْب","english":"protective covering for scraper trackways","french":"recouvrement de protection pour voies de roulement des racleurs [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110244"},{"id":110245,"arabic":"مِضخّة إعادة التدوير لإزالة النترجة","english":"pump for denitrification, recirculation","french":"pompe de recirculation pour la dénitrification [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110245"},{"id":110246,"arabic":"مِضخّة مياه الصرف","english":"pump, sewage","french":"pompe pour matières fécales [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110246"},{"id":110247,"arabic":"مِضخّة مغمورة","english":"pump, submersible","french":"pompe submersible [f.]","description":"(انظر: مضخة أعماق عنفية (توربينية))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110247"},{"id":110248,"arabic":"تسليك","english":"racking","french":"nettoyage de grille [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110248"},{"id":110249,"arabic":"مياه صِرْف خام","english":"raw sewage","french":"eau usée brute [f.]","description":"مياه صرف صحي غير مُعالجة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110249"},{"id":110250,"arabic":"حَمْأَة خام","english":"raw sludge","french":"boues fraîches [f.]","description":"حمأة غير مُستقرة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110250"},{"id":110251,"arabic":"مَحطّة استقبال","english":"reception station","french":"station de réception [f.]","description":"نقطة التسليم أو الدخول التي يتم فيها استقبال النفايات أو مياه الصرف الصحيّ المُعالجة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110251"},{"id":110252,"arabic":"إعادة تدوير","english":"recirculation (recycling)","french":"recirculation [f.] / recyclage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110252"},{"id":110253,"arabic":"نِسبة إعادة التدوير","english":"recirculation ratio","french":"taux de recyclage [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110253"},{"id":110254,"arabic":"مُنتج مُعاد تدويره","english":"recyclable material","french":"matière régénérée [f.]","description":"مُنتج يُحصل عليه من عملية إعادة تدوير.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110254"},{"id":110255,"arabic":"حَمْأة مُنشَّطة أُعيد تدويّرها","english":"recycled activated sludge","french":"boues activées recyclées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110255"},{"id":110256,"arabic":"خَفْض بكتيريّ","english":"reduction, bacterial","french":"réduction bactérienne [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110256"},{"id":110257,"arabic":"عينة استدلالية","english":"referee sample","french":"échantillon de référence [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110257"},{"id":110258,"arabic":"إرسال عن بُعد","english":"remote transmission","french":"télétransmission [f.]","description":"حجم الحمأة بعد تخفيف عيّنة من خليط الماء والحمأة باستعمال مياه صرف مُعالجة، وضربه في مُعامل التخفيف (m) بعد رفع قيمته بإضافة 1، حيث: (VSV = VS (1 + m. وهذا ينطبق على حجم حمأة أكبر من أو يساوي 250 ملي لتر/لتر. رمز المُعادلات: VSV. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110258"},{"id":110259,"arabic":"بحيرة تخزين","english":"reservoir / storage reservoir","french":"réservoir [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110259"},{"id":110260,"arabic":"خَزّان المُعادلة","english":"reservoir for low flow augmentation","french":"réservoir de relèvement des étiages","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110260"},{"id":110261,"arabic":"بقايا جافة","english":"residue","french":"résidu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110261"},{"id":110262,"arabic":"سُرعة التنفّس","english":"respiration rate","french":"vitesse de respiration [f.]","description":"سُرعة استهلاك الأكسجين نتيجة التنفّس. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110262"},{"id":110263,"arabic":"حَوْض راحة","english":"resting pool; resting basin","french":"bassin de repos [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110263"},{"id":110264,"arabic":"احتباس الماء","english":"retention","french":"rétention [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110264"},{"id":110265,"arabic":"مُدة الاحتجاز","english":"retention period / detention time","french":"durée de rétention [f.] / temps de séjour [m.]","description":"زمن البقاء النظري لماء (أو سائل آخر) في حوض أو في نظام ما، ويُحسب كخارج لقسمة مقدار هذا الماء على مقدار التدفق الوارد بدون سوائل أخرى داخلة في هذه الدورة. (انظر: [مدة الاستبقاء](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=104044)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110265"},{"id":110266,"arabic":"زمن الاحتجاز","english":"retention time / detention period","french":"durée de séjour [f.] / temps de séjour [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110266"},{"id":110267,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُنشطة راجِعة","english":"return activated sludge / sludge, return","french":"boues activées recyclées","description":"حمأة مُنشطة يجري، أثناء استخدامها في عملية المُعالجة اللاحقة لمياه الصرف، فصلها عن خليط مياه الصرف والحمأة النشطة، وإرجاعها إلى حوض التهوية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110267"},{"id":110268,"arabic":"تَدفُّق مُرتَد","english":"return flow / regeneration","french":"écoulement restitué [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110268"},{"id":110269,"arabic":"مياه عكرة من معالجة الحمأة","english":"return flow from sludge treatment (sludge liquor)","french":"eaux résiduaires du traitement des boues (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110269"},{"id":110270,"arabic":"مُحتوى المواد الجافة في الحمأة الراجعة","english":"return-sludge solids concentration","french":"teneur en substances sèches dans la boue de retour [f.]","description":"كمية المواد الجافة الموجودة في الحمأة النشطة الراجعة. رمز المُعادلات: TSRS (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110270"},{"id":110271,"arabic":"صَرْف بطريقة المُتون والأخاديد","english":"ridge-and-furrow drainage","french":"drainage par sillons [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110271"},{"id":110272,"arabic":"قُدرة اختراقية للجذور","english":"rootability / root penetration capability","french":"résistance à la pénétration de racines [f.]","description":"في علم التربة، هو العُمق الذي يُمكن أن يصل له جذر النبات في التربة فعلاً دون إعدادات خاصة وفي ظروف التربة المتوافرة بالفعل (إمكانية التغلغل الجذريّ الكامنة) لتحديد خواص منطقة الجذر. وتقاس إمكانية التغلغل الجذري الكامنة بالديسيمتر. رمز المُعادلات: pإمكانية التغلغل الجذري) (DIN 4047-3:2002)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110272"},{"id":110273,"arabic":"مُوزِّع دَوّار","english":"rotary sprinkler","french":"arroseur rotatif [m.]","description":"تجهيزة دوّارة مُركَّبة على محمل مركزي، وتعمل على توزيع مياه الصرف توزيعاً مُتساوياً على مُرشّحات النض والفلاتر. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110273"},{"id":110274,"arabic":"تعفن","english":"rotting process / rotting","french":"putréfaction [f.]","description":"تحلّل هوائيّ بيولوجيّ للمواد العضوية الصلبة، وهو ما يحدث في الحمأة الجافة و/أو المُخلّفات مثلاً. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110274"},{"id":110275,"arabic":"عينة عشوائية","english":"sample / snap sample / spot sample / grab sample","french":"échantillon instantané [m.] / échantillon ponctuel (échantillon localisé) [m.] / échantillon pris au hasard [m.]","description":"عينة مُفردة مأخوذة من نقطة مُعينة في فترة زمنية قصيرة. (DIN EN 1085:2007","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110275"},{"id":110276,"arabic":"عيّنة مُركّبة مُتناسبة الزمن","english":"sample, time proportional / sample, time composite","french":"échantillon moyen proportionnel au temps [m.]","description":"عيّنة مُركّبة من عيّنات جُزئية مُتساوية الحجم تم أخذها على فترات زمنية مُتساوية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110276"},{"id":110277,"arabic":"تركيز التشبُّع بالأكسجين","english":"saturated dissolved oxygen concentration","french":"concentration d'oxygène dissous à saturation [f.]","description":"تركيز الأكسجين المُنحل في الماء العادي أو في مياه الصرف، مع تحقيق توازن بين الأكسجين المُنحل والأكسجين الهوائيّ (الأنظمة الطبيعية) أو الأكسجين الصافي (غاز الأكسجين). ملحوظة: ترتبط درجة تركيز الأكسجين بدرجة الحرارة، والضغط الجزئيّ للأكسجين والملوحة. وحدة القياس: ملِّي جم/لتر (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110277"},{"id":110278,"arabic":"مِكْشَطة","english":"scraper","french":"racleur [m.]","description":"تجهيرة آلية لإزاحة المواد الطافية أو المترسِّبة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110278"},{"id":110279,"arabic":"تجهيزة كَشْط","english":"scraper installation","french":"équipement de dégagement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110279"},{"id":110280,"arabic":"مِكْشَطة دائرية","english":"scraper, circular","french":"racleur rotatif à boues","description":"مِكْشَطة تقوم بعزل الحمأة الموجودة في حوض ترسيب مُستدير. (Bischofsberger & Hegemann:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110280"},{"id":110281,"arabic":"مِكْشَطة طُولية","english":"scraper, longitudinal","french":"racloir longitudinal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110281"},{"id":110282,"arabic":"حاجِز (غربال) ميكانيكيّ ثابت","english":"screen, stationary mechanical; bar screen","french":"barrage (grille) stationnaire, mécanique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110282"},{"id":110283,"arabic":"مُصَفِّيات","english":"screening","french":"matière à tamiser","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110283"},{"id":110284,"arabic":"مِصْفاة أُسطوانية","english":"screening drum / rotary screen","french":"tambour tamiseur [m.] / tambour cribleur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110284"},{"id":110285,"arabic":"مُنْشَأة غَرْبَلة","english":"screening plant / sieve plant","french":"installation de tamisage [f.] / tamis [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110285"},{"id":110286,"arabic":"منشأة المُصَفِّيات","english":"screening plant/system","french":"installation à grille de retenue [f.] / dégrilleur [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110286"},{"id":110287,"arabic":"منشأة غربلة","english":"screening plant/system","french":"installation de tamisage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110287"},{"id":110288,"arabic":"مِكْبَس تصفية","english":"screening press","french":"presse pour matériaux de tamisage","description":"(انظر: مِكْبَس المُصَفِّيات)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110288"},{"id":110289,"arabic":"مُصَفِّيات","english":"screenings","french":"refus de tamisage [m.] / refus de dégrillage [m.]","description":"المواد المُحتجزة بواسطة المصافي والمصايد وما شابه. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110289"},{"id":110290,"arabic":"مُصَفِّيات","english":"screenings","french":"refus de grille [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110290"},{"id":110291,"arabic":"مِكْبَس المُصَفِّيات","english":"screenings press","french":"presse pour les retenues de grilles [f.] / compacteur de refus [m.]","description":"تجهيزة آلية لخفض حجم النواتج المُصَفَّاة ومُحتواها من المياه. (انظر: [مِكْبَس تصفية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110288)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110291"},{"id":110292,"arabic":"مُنظِّف المُصَفِّيات","english":"screenings remover","french":"dispositifs d'élimination des retenues de grilles [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110292"},{"id":110293,"arabic":"تركيز الرُّسابة","english":"sediment concentration","french":"charge des particules en suspension [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110293"},{"id":110294,"arabic":"شدة تصريف الرُّسَابَة","english":"sediment discharge intensity","french":"densité des particules en suspension [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110294"},{"id":110295,"arabic":"تَدفُّق الرُّسابة","english":"sediment flux","french":"débit des particules en suspension [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110295"},{"id":110296,"arabic":"تدفق الطمي","english":"sediment guidance","french":"guidage de sédiments [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110296"},{"id":110297,"arabic":"طَمْيٌ","english":"sediment, solid settleable / suspended matter / silt","french":"matière en suspension [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110297"},{"id":110298,"arabic":"حوض ترويق","english":"sedimentation basin; sedimentation tank","french":"bassin de sédimentation [m.]","description":"سد تخزين يعمل خزانه على حجز المواد المعلقة القابلة للترسب. انظر أيضاً: DIN 19700-15. 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(DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110304"},{"id":110305,"arabic":"فاصِل الزيت","english":"separator, oil / separator, grease","french":"dégraisseur-déshuileur [m.] / séparateur d'huile [m.]","description":"مُنشأة أو تجهيزة لفصل الشحوم أو الزيوت أو المواد الطافية عن مياه الصرف الصحي. (انظر: [فاصِل الشحم](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=103374)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110305"},{"id":110306,"arabic":"حَوْض تخمّر لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"septic tank","french":"fosse digestive [f.]","description":"حوض تترسّب فيه مياه الصرف الصحي، وتجري فيه في نفس الوقت مُعالجة هذه المياه لا هوائياً.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110306"},{"id":110307,"arabic":"صِهْريج تعفّن نافِذ","english":"septic tank","french":"fosse septique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110307"},{"id":110308,"arabic":"مُفاعِل دُفعات مُتتابعة","english":"sequencing batch reactor (SBR)","french":"réacteur à alimentation discontinue","description":"مُفاعل لمُعالجة مياه الصرف بعد إجراء عملية التنشيط مع التشغيل المُتتابع في خزان ما. ويتضمن التشغيل عمليات الملء والخلط، والتهوية، والترسيب، والفصل. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110308"},{"id":110309,"arabic":"مُعالَجة في أحواض الجريان بالجرعة","english":"sequencing batch reactor process (SBR)","french":"procédé SBR [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110309"},{"id":110310,"arabic":"قِيمَة الضبط","english":"setting","french":"valeur de réglage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110310"},{"id":110311,"arabic":"قابلية الترسّب","english":"settleability / settling characteristics","french":"décantabilité [f.] / sédimentabilité [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110311"},{"id":110312,"arabic":"حَجْم الحمأة المستقرة","english":"settled sludge volume","french":"volume décanté [m.]","description":"حجم الحمأة المُتبقي في لتر من مياه الصرف أو خليط من مياه الصرف والحمأة المُنشطة بعد فترة ترسيب مُدتها 30 دقيقة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110312"},{"id":110313,"arabic":"بِرْكة ترسيب","english":"settlement lagoon / settlement pond /","french":"lagune de décantation [f.]","description":"حوض ترابي (مُنفتح على سطح الأرض مباشرةً) مُحكم ضد التسريب من أسفل، ويبدو كأنه حوض من تشكيل الطبيعة. وهو يُستخدم لفصل المواد الصلية من مياه الأمطار أو مياه الصرف الصحي وما شابه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110313"},{"id":110314,"arabic":"غُرفة ترسيب","english":"settling compartment / sedimentation chamber","french":"chambre de décantation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110314"},{"id":110315,"arabic":"غُرفة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"settling compartment / sedimentation chamber / flow compartment","french":"chambre de décantation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110315"},{"id":110316,"arabic":"وِعاء ترسيب","english":"settling cone / settling glass","french":"éprouvette conique graduée [f.] / éprouvette de décantation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110316"},{"id":110317,"arabic":"قُمْع ترسيب زجاجيّ","english":"settling cone; settling glass","french":"verre conique","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110317"},{"id":110318,"arabic":"بِرْكة رسوبية","english":"settling lagoon / settling pond","french":"bassin de remblaiement [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110318"},{"id":110319,"arabic":"عملية ترسيب","english":"settling process","french":"procédé de décantation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110319"},{"id":110320,"arabic":"خَواصّ الترسّب","english":"settling properties (pl.)","french":"caractéristiques de sédimentation (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110320"},{"id":110321,"arabic":"حَوْض مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"settling tank / sedimentation basin / sedimentation tank","french":"bassin de décantation primaire) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110321"},{"id":110322,"arabic":"حَوْض ترسيب مُزوَّد بتغذية مركزية","english":"settling tank with centre feed","french":"bassin de décantation avec alimentation centrale [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110322"},{"id":110323,"arabic":"حَوْض ترسيب مُزوَّد بتغذية ثانوية","english":"settling tank with peripheral feed","french":"bassin de décantation avec alimentation périphérique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110323"},{"id":110324,"arabic":"سُرعة الترسّب","english":"settling velocity","french":"vitesse de décantation [f.]","description":"سُرعة ترسّب المواد الصلبة في مياه الصرف تحت ظروف مُعينة. وتُعرض مثلاً في مُنحنى ترسيب. وحدة القياس: م/ساعة أو سم/ثانية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110324"},{"id":110325,"arabic":"حقل تنقية مياه الصرف","english":"sewage farm","french":"champ d'épandage [m.]","description":"حقل يتم تحويل مياه الصرف الصحي إليه بغرض مُعالجتها عن طريق الترشيح في التربة وتحلُّل المواد الضارة فيها عن طريق بكتريا التربة. ويتم عادةً تغذية العديد من الحقول تبادلياً بمياه الصرف الصحي لهذا الغرض. وكانت هذه طريقة مُتبعة قديماً لتنقية مياه الصرف الصحي في ألمانيا وإنجلترا في القرن التاسع عشر، في الوقت الذي لم يكن يوجد فيه قوانين لحماية البيئة يتوجب تنفيذها، ولم يكن فيه كذلك محطات لمُعالجة مياه الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110325"},{"id":110326,"arabic":"فُطْريات مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage fungus","french":"champignons des eaux résiduaires [m.]","description":"المُسمى المُعتاد لأحد أشكال الحياة المُكوّنة من بكتريا مُنتجة للخيوط، والتي تعيش بأعداد هائلة في مياه الصرف الصحي الغنية بالكربوهيدرات، وبالتالي فإنها تعوق ترسّب الحمأة في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، ممّا يؤدي إلى تكوّن الحمأة التراكمية والحمأة الطافية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110326"},{"id":110327,"arabic":"صرف محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage plant effluent","french":"débit d’une station d’épuration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110327"},{"id":110328,"arabic":"حَمْأَة الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge / wastewater sludge","french":"boues d'épuration [f.]","description":"فضلات مُوحلة (حمأة) تنشأ أثناء إجراءعمليات مُعالجة مياه الصرف، باستثناء الفضلات الناجمة عن المُصَفِّيات أو المنخل أو الحَصْباء.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110328"},{"id":110329,"arabic":"حمأة معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي","english":"sewage sludge / wastewater sludge","french":"boue d'eaux usées [f.]","description":"حمأة ناتجة عن مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ. (انظر: حَمْأَة مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110329"},{"id":110330,"arabic":"حمأة طافية","english":"sewage sludge covering","french":"recouvrement pour boues d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110330"},{"id":110331,"arabic":"تجفيف الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage sludge drying","french":"séchage des boues d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110331"},{"id":110332,"arabic":"محطة مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage treatment plant / wastewater treatment plant / sewage works","french":"station d'épuration des eaux usées [f.] / station d’épuration [f.]","description":"مُنشأة تتم فيها مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ فيزيائياً و/أو بيولوجياً و/أو كيميائياً. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110332"},{"id":110333,"arabic":"محطة مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage treatment plant / wastewater treatment plant / sewage works","french":"station d’épuration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110333"},{"id":110334,"arabic":"محطة مُدمجة لمُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحي","english":"sewage treatment plant, compact / wastewater treatment plant, compact","french":"station d'épuration compacte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110334"},{"id":110335,"arabic":"محطة بيولوجية صغيرة لمُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage treatment plant, small biological / wastewater treatment plant, small biological","french":"petite station d'épuration biologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110335"},{"id":110336,"arabic":"محطة ميكانيكية صغيرة لمُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage treatment plant, small mechanical / wastewater treatment plant, small mechanical","french":"petite station d'épuration mécanique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110336"},{"id":110337,"arabic":"محطة صغيرة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage treatment plant, small-scale; wastewater treatment plant, small-scale","french":"station d’épuration, petite [f.]","description":"محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي بسعة تصميمية تغطي منطقة لا يتعدى عدد سكانها 5000 نسمة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110337"},{"id":110338,"arabic":"مُشرف محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف","english":"sewage works operator","french":"agent de station d'épuration [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110338"},{"id":110339,"arabic":"محطة صغيرة متنقلة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"sewage works, small / packaged treatment plant / wastewater treatment plant, small","french":"petite station d'épuration [f.]","description":"محطة مُعالجة لمياه الصرف الصحيّ، لا تتوافر بها إمكانية تهوية لهذه المياه، أي أنها خالية من التجهيزات التقنية لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ بيولوجياً. ومن هذه المحطات نوعٌ ذو خنادق ترسيب مُتعددة الحجرات، ونوعٌ آخر ذو خنادق تعفّن مُتعددة الحجرات. وتعمل هذه المحطة عموماً على تصريف المياه من الأراض أو المُنشآت المُنعزلة، ويتم إنشاؤها داخل الموقع المُراد صرف المياه منها. وفي هذه المحطة يُمكن مُعالجة كمية مياه صرف تصل إلى 8000 متر مُكعب يومياً بحد أقصى، (أي ما يُعادل حوالي 50 مُكافئ سكاني). الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: KKA (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110339"},{"id":110340,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ مُتعفنة","english":"sewage, septic / wastewater, septic","french":"effluent, septique [m.] / eau usée septique [f.]","description":"مياه صرف صحي لا هوائية، وفي المُعتاد تكون مُحتوية على كبريتيد الهيدروجين. (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110340"},{"id":110341,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ مُترسِّبة","english":"sewage, settled","french":"eaux usées, décantées (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110341"},{"id":110342,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ مُعالَجة","english":"sewage, treated","french":"eaux usées, épurées (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110342"},{"id":110343,"arabic":"مُنْخُل","english":"sieve","french":"tamis [m.]","description":"في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ، تجهيزة تعمل على التخلّص من المواد الدقيقة العالقة في تيار مياه الصرف. وتكون فتحات المنخل عادة أصغر من فتحات الشبكة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110343"},{"id":110344,"arabic":"مِقياس (فتحة) الغربال","english":"sieve gauge","french":"diamètre de tamis [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110344"},{"id":110345,"arabic":"تجهيزة فرز الحمأة","english":"silt ejector; silt excluding devices","french":"collecteur de boues","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110345"},{"id":110346,"arabic":"مواد صلبة عالقة","english":"silt; suspended load; suspended solids (SS) (pl.); wash load; suspended material","french":"matières en suspension (MES) (pl.) [f.]","description":"مواد صلبة في السوائل تبقى عالقة بفعل الاضطرابات. وحدة القياس: ملي جم/لتر، جم/م³. (انظر: مواد قابلة لِلْفَلْتَرة، [مواد صُلبة عالقة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110441)). (DIN 4044:1980)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110346"},{"id":110347,"arabic":"أحادي المرحلة","english":"single stage","french":"en une seule étape","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110347"},{"id":110348,"arabic":"كاشِطة (للمواد العائمة على سطح الماء)","english":"skimmer / scum collector","french":"appareil pour l'enlèvement des écumes [m.] / racleur superficiel [m.]","description":"1- أداة لكشط المواد الصلبة والألياف المُلتصقة بالجرّاف عند تنظيفه. 2- تجهيزة كشط الحمأة المُترسبة على حافة حوض المُعالجة النهائية لمياه الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110348"},{"id":110349,"arabic":"مياه صرف المجازر","english":"slaughterhouse wastewater","french":"eaux résiduelles d'abattoir (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110349"},{"id":110350,"arabic":"ضفة (مُنحدرة) زلقة","english":"slip-off-slope bank","french":"rive convexe [m.]","description":"حوض ترسيب مُغلق تنفذ إليه مياه الصرف تتصل فيه الحمأة المُترسبة اتصالاً مُباشراً مع مياه الصرف، وتتحلل فيه المواد الصلبة بشكل لا هوائي إلى حد ما. (انظر: [بئر التعفّن](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108030)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110350"},{"id":110351,"arabic":"حَمْأَة","english":"sludge","french":"boue [f.]","description":"خليط من المياه والمواد الصلبة التي يُمكن فصلها بطريقة طبيعية أو اصطناعية في هندسة الصرف الصحيّ. مُلاحظة: البقايا الصلبة المُتبقية من المُعالجة الأوّلية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ لا تُعتبر حمأة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110351"},{"id":110352,"arabic":"عُمْرُ الحمأة","english":"sludge age","french":"âge de boue","description":"الفترة الزمنية المحسوبة اللازمة للتخلّص من إجماليّ المواد القابلة للفلترة (الترشيح) المُتبقية في خزان التنشيط (بما في ذلك المناطق الهوائية واللاهوائية باستثناء خزان المُعالجة اللاحقة والمناطق الهوائية) في حالة وجود نفس نسبة الحمأة وبأخذ المواد القابلة للفلترة في مياه الصرف المُعالجة بعين الإعتبار. وحدة القياس: يوم (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110352"},{"id":110353,"arabic":"مُرشِّح بالندفات (بالخثرات)","english":"sludge blanket","french":"lit de boues [m.] / filtre de flocon [m.]","description":"طبقة الحمأة المؤلَّفة من ندفات (خثرات) والطافية بين منسوبيّ مدخل حوض ذي أقماع (المُسمى بحوض 'دورتموند') ومخرجه، أو أي حوض ذو مُفاعل للحمأة (هاضم) يجري التيار فيه من الأسفل إلى الأعلى. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110353"},{"id":110354,"arabic":"مُستوى ارتفاع الحمأة","english":"sludge blanket level","french":"niveau du voile de boue [m.]","description":"عُمق المساحة الفاصلة بين الحمأة ومُستوى المياه الرائقة تحت سطح المياه في حوض المُعالجة اللاحقة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110354"},{"id":110355,"arabic":"كَعْكَة الحمأة","english":"sludge cake","french":"gâteau de boues [m.]","description":"حمأة على شكل كعكة، تكون ناجمة عن تجهيزات التصريف، وذلك باستخدام المرشح الضغطيّ والنابذة مثلاً. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110355"},{"id":110356,"arabic":"توصيف الحمأة","english":"sludge characterization","french":"caractérisation de boue [f.]","description":"التوصيف الفيزيائيّ، والكيميائيّ، والبيولجيّ لخصائص الحمأة. (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110356"},{"id":110357,"arabic":"نَزْع الماء من الحمأة","english":"sludge dewatering","french":"déshydratation de boue","description":"خفض نسبة الماء في الحمأة عن طريق استخدام تقنية واحدة أو عدة تقنيات، وتكون في الغالب تقنيات طبيعية أو ميكانيكية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110357"},{"id":110358,"arabic":"تصريف مياه الحمأة تحت الضغط","english":"sludge dewatering under pressure","french":"séchage sous pression (déshydratation sous pression de boue) [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110358"},{"id":110359,"arabic":"استقرار الحمأة هوائياً","english":"sludge digestion, aerobic","french":"stabilisation aérobie de boue [f.]; digestion aérobie de boue [f.]","description":"تحلّل المواد العضوية التي تحتويها الحمأة في وجود الأكسجين. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110359"},{"id":110360,"arabic":"تعقيم الحمأة","english":"sludge disinfection","french":"désinfection de boue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110360"},{"id":110361,"arabic":"تجفيف الحمأة حرارياً","english":"sludge drying, thermal","french":"séchage thermique de boue [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110361"},{"id":110362,"arabic":"موقع الحمأة","english":"sludge ground","french":"emplacement de boue [m.]","description":"منطقة ثابتة مُخصصة للتخزين البيني للحمأة المُصرّفة. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110362"},{"id":110363,"arabic":"بِرْكة الحمأة","english":"sludge lagoon","french":"lagune à boue [f.]","description":"بركة تُخزن فيها الحمأة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110363"},{"id":110364,"arabic":"سائل الحمأة","english":"sludge liquor","french":"surnageant [m.]","description":"أيُّ من السوائل التي تنفصل عن الحمأة. ويُمكن وصف سائل الحمأة بأنه: مياه طافية، أو سائل رائق (مُركز)، أو مُرشح (ناتج عن فلتر)، أو مُركّز (ناتج عن نابذة) ... إلخ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110364"},{"id":110365,"arabic":"إعادة تدوير المياه العكرة","english":"sludge liquor return","french":"recyclage d'eau boueuse [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110365"},{"id":110366,"arabic":"تحميل الحمأة","english":"sludge loading (F/M)","french":"charge massique [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة كل من كمية المواد المُتسخة وإجماليّ كمية المواد القابلة للترشيح أو المواد العضوية القابلة للترشيح المُتبقية في خزان التنشيط، بما في ذلك المناطق الهوائية واللاهوائية فيما عدا خزان المُعالجة اللاحقة والمناطق اللاهوائية. القيم المرجعية قد تكون إجماليّ المواد العالقة أو المواد العضوية العالقة. وحدة القياس: كجم/(كجم · يوم) (DIN EN 12832:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110366"},{"id":110367,"arabic":"مِكْشَطة الحمأة","english":"sludge scraper","french":"racleur de boues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110367"},{"id":110368,"arabic":"استقرار الحمأة لاهوائياً","english":"sludge stabilisation, anaerobic","french":"stabilisation anaérobie de boue [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110368"},{"id":110369,"arabic":"تغليظ الحمأة","english":"sludge thickening","french":"épaississement de boue [m.]","description":"مرحلة تُجرى لزيادة تركيز المواد الصلبة في الحمأة مع أو بدون إضافة مواد كيميائية، وذلك كما في عملية فصل الماء بفعل الجاذبية أو بواسطة التعويم، الذي تظل الحمأة فيه سائلة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110369"},{"id":110370,"arabic":"مِكشطة الحمأة","english":"sludge trap","french":"débourbeur [m.]; piège à boue [m.]; bassin de rétention de boue [m.]","description":"الجزء من محطة الفصل الذي يتم فيه ترسيب المواد الصلبة مثل الحمأة والطين والحصى، ويُمكن تصميم هذا الجزء كمُنشأ مُستقل أو كوحدة مُدمجة تحتوي على فاصل. (DIN EN 858-1:2005)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110370"},{"id":110371,"arabic":"دليل حجم الحمأة","english":"sludge volume index","french":"indice du volume de boue [m.]","description":"(انظر: دليل الحمأة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110371"},{"id":110372,"arabic":"نسبة التدفق السطحيّ للحمأة","english":"sludge volume surface loading","french":"charge volumique superficielle de boues [f.]","description":"كمية الحمأة المُتدفقة إلى خزان ترسيب خلال وحدة زمنية ووحدة مساحة. ملحوظة: تُحسب نسبة التدفق السطحيّ للحمأة كخارج قسمة نسبة التدفق السطحيّ العام على حجم الحمأة. وحدة القياس: لتر/(م2·ساعة) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110372"},{"id":110373,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مٌنشَّطة","english":"sludge, activated","french":"boue activée [f.]","description":"كتلة حيوية عقدية الشكل تتكوّن من خلال نمو البكتريا العالقة أثناء عملية مُعالجة مياه الصرف باستخدام الحمأة النشطة، وكذلك الكائنات الحية الدقيقة الأخرى، وذلك تحت ظروف هوائية أو لاأكسجينية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110373"},{"id":110374,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُستقِرة هوائياً","english":"sludge, aerobically stabilized","french":"boue digérée par voie aérobie [f.]","description":"الحمأة المُستقرة بفعل التفكك الهوائيّ. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110374"},{"id":110375,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُستقِرة لاهوائياً","english":"sludge, anaerobically stabilized","french":"boue digérée par voie anaérobie [f.]","description":"الحمأة المُستقرة بفعل عملية التخمّر. (انظر: [حَمْأَة مختمِرة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109041)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110375"},{"id":110376,"arabic":"حَمْأَة بيولوجية","english":"sludge, biological","french":"boue biologique [f.]","description":"الحمأة المُنفصلة نتيجة عملية المُعالجة البيولوجية لمياه الصرف. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110376"},{"id":110377,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مستقرة كيميائياً","english":"sludge, chemically stabilized","french":"boue chimiquement stabilisée [f.]","description":"الحمأة المُستقرة بفعل عمليات كيميائية. (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110377"},{"id":110378,"arabic":"حَمْأَة منزوعة الماء","english":"sludge, dewatered","french":"boue déshydratée [f.]","description":"حمأة خُفّضت فيها نسبة الماء طبيعياً أو بطريقة آلية. (انظر: (رابط: حَمْأَة مُغَلَّظة) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110378"},{"id":110379,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُجففَّة","english":"sludge, dried","french":"boue séchée [f.]","description":"حمأة نُزع منها الماء بنسبة كبيرة بواسطة التبخير. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110379"},{"id":110380,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مرشح تقطير","english":"sludge, humus","french":"boues de lit bactérien (en excès) [f.]","description":"رقاقة حيوية (بيوفيلم) يتم كسحها من مرشح تقطير, وتُفصل عادةً عن مياه الصرف المنقاة في حوض مُعالجة بينية أو في حوض مُعالجة نهائية لمياه الصرف. (DIN EN 1085:2007) DIN EN 1085 (05/2007); DIN EN 12832 (11/1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110380"},{"id":110381,"arabic":"حَمْأَة صناعية","english":"sludge, industrial","french":"boue industrielle [f.]","description":"الحمأة الناتجة عن مُعالجة مياه صرف المُنشآت الصناعية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110381"},{"id":110382,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُختلِطة","english":"sludge, mixed primary","french":"boue primaire mixte [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110382"},{"id":110383,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُعقَّمة","english":"sludge, sanitized (hygienized)","french":"boue hygiénisée [f.]","description":"حمأة تم تثبيت أو تقليل فعل الطفيليات والمُمرضات الموجودة فيها إلى مُستوى آمن صحياً. (انظر: حَمْأَة مُعقَّمة) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110383"},{"id":110384,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مترسبة","english":"sludge, sedimentation","french":"boue de décantation [f.]","description":"الحمأة التي تنفصل بفعل الترسيب عند إجراء عملية التنقية الأولية للمياه الخام (المياه السطحية). (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110384"},{"id":110385,"arabic":"حَمْأَة الغربلة","english":"sludge, sieve","french":"boue de criblage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110385"},{"id":110386,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مستقرة","english":"sludge, stabilized","french":"boue stabilisée [f.]","description":"حمأة خُفّضت قابليتها للتحلّل الحيويّ عن طريق حفظ استقرارها. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110386"},{"id":110387,"arabic":"حَمْأَة زائدة","english":"sludge, surplus activated; sludge, waste activated; sludge, excess","french":"boue excédentaire","description":"الجزء من الحمأة المُنشطة الذي يُستبعد منها في عملية مُعالجة مياه الصرف باستخدام الحمأة النشطة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110387"},{"id":110388,"arabic":"حَمْأَة مُغَلَّظة","english":"sludge, thickened","french":"boue épaissie [f.]","description":"الحمأة المنزوع منها الماء بهدف رفع نسبة المادة الجافة فيها. (انظر: [حَمْأَة منزوعة الماء](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110378)) (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110388"},{"id":110389,"arabic":"ترسيب الحمأة","english":"sludging","french":"coulée de boues [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110389"},{"id":110390,"arabic":"قوة الكسح","english":"sluicing force (sprinkler)","french":"puissance de lavage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110390"},{"id":110391,"arabic":"مستعلق","english":"slurry / suspension","french":"Suspension","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110391"},{"id":110392,"arabic":"ترطيب التُربة (لتُصبح وحلاً)","english":"slurry / suspension","french":"coulis [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110392"},{"id":110393,"arabic":"تركيبة التربة","english":"soil assemblage","french":"assemblage des sols [m.] / association pédologique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110393"},{"id":110394,"arabic":"طبقة التربة","english":"soil layer","french":"couche de sol [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110394"},{"id":110395,"arabic":"درجة حرارة التربة","english":"soil temperature","french":"température du sol [f.]","description":"التدفق الحجميّ لتيار الحَمْأة الراجِعة. رمز المُعادلات: QRS\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110395"},{"id":110396,"arabic":"قوام التربة","english":"soil texture","french":"texture du sol[f.]","description":"خارج قِسمة تدفق الحمأة الراجعة على نسبة تدفق مياه الصرف. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110396"},{"id":110397,"arabic":"نَمَطُ التربة","english":"soil type","french":"type de sols","description":"تيار صرف جزئيّ يرتدُّ إلى مدخل الإمداد بالمياه الخاص بمُفاعل ذي غشاء حيوي (بيوفيلم). (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110397"},{"id":110398,"arabic":"مِضخّة المواد الصلبة لضخ الحمأة المُجفَّفة","english":"solid substance pump for dewatered sewage sludge","french":"pompe pour matière solides pour boues putréfiées, déshydratées, asséchées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110398"},{"id":110399,"arabic":"مادة جامدة مذابة","english":"solid, dissolved","french":"matière, dissoute [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة حجم الحمأة على مُحتوى المادة الجافة، المُخففة لأغراض تقنية تحليلية، عندما يكون حجم الحمأة أكبر من 250 مليمتر/لتر. رمز المُعادلات: V\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110399"},{"id":110400,"arabic":"مادة جامدة قابلة للترسب","english":"solid, settleable","french":"matière décantable [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110400"},{"id":110401,"arabic":"قوة تحمل السطح","english":"solids loading / mass surface loading rate","french":"charge massique superficielle [f.]","description":"في مجال مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، هي كتلة المادة المنقولة لكل وحدة زمنية ومساحية. وحدة القياس: كجم/(متر² • قطر) . مثال: حمولة السطح من المواد الصلبة في أحواض الترسيب أو حجم الاحتياج البيولوجي من الأكسجين في خمسة أيام BOD5 وذلك في المواد المالئة لمُرشحات النض. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110401"},{"id":110402,"arabic":"مواد قابلة للترسيب","english":"solids, settleable (pl.)","french":"matières décantables (pl.) [f.]","description":"المواد الصلبة التي تترسّب على قاع عينة مائية في وقتٍ زمنيّ مُحدد. وحدة القياس: ملِّي جرام/لتر، ملِّي لتر/لتر (انظر: [مادة جامدة قابلة للترسب](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110400))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110402"},{"id":110403,"arabic":"خَزّان ترسيب","english":"solution tank","french":"récipient de préparation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110403"},{"id":110404,"arabic":"نظام استرداد المذيبات","english":"solvent reclamation plant","french":"installation de récupération de solvants [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110404"},{"id":110405,"arabic":"وحدة تصنيف","english":"sorting plant/system","french":"installation de tri [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110405"},{"id":110406,"arabic":"رَشٌّ","english":"sparging","french":"barbotage","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110406"},{"id":110407,"arabic":"سَعَة نوعية للإمداد بالأكسجين في المياه النقية","english":"specific oxygen transfer capacity in clean water","french":"capacité d’alimentation spécifique d’oxygène dans l’eau pure [f.]","description":"قدرة الإمداد بالأكسجين في المياه النقية بالنسبة إلى الحجم. رمز المُعادلات: OCR (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110407"},{"id":110408,"arabic":"إمداد نوعيّ بالأكسجين","english":"specific oxygenation","french":"réoxygénation spécifique [f.]","description":"قدرة امتصاص الأكسجين بالنسبة إلى الحجم. رمز المُعادلات: efR\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110408"},{"id":110409,"arabic":"إنتاج نوعيّ للغاز الحيويّ","english":"specific production of digester gas","french":"production de gaz de digestion, spécifique [f.]","description":"(انظر: [كَمّية نوعية للغاز الحيويّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109194))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110409"},{"id":110410,"arabic":"نِظام التهوية اللولبيّ","english":"spiral aeration system","french":"système d’aération à spirale [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110410"},{"id":110411,"arabic":"استقرارية","english":"stabilization","french":"stabilisation [f.]","description":"طريقة لتحويل المواد العضوية المُنحلَّة والجزئيَّة إلى مواد غير عضوية أو إلى مواد عضوية تتحلل لاحقاً بِبُطء. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110411"},{"id":110412,"arabic":"بِرْكة مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"stabilization pond","french":"bassin de stabilisation","description":"حوض بسيط التصميم، يُستخدم في عمليات المُعالجة البيولوجية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ، ويكون في الغالب على شكل حوض أرضيّ. مثال ذلك: بركة مياه الصرف الصحيّ، أو البركة التنشيطية، المُزوّدة بنظم تهوية أو بدونها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110412"},{"id":110413,"arabic":"بِركة تثبيت","english":"stabilization pond","french":"étang de stabilisation [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110413"},{"id":110414,"arabic":"مجرى مستقر","english":"stable channel","french":"canal stable","description":"مجرى ترابي غير مُبطن، لا يتعرّض للإطماء أو النحر لفترة طويلة. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110414"},{"id":110415,"arabic":"إحصائية","english":"statistic","french":"statistique [f.]","description":"محطة ضخ، تقوم برفع مياه الصرف المنزلية عن منسوب المياه المُرتدة، وتوصلها إلى شبكة الصرف.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110415"},{"id":110416,"arabic":"حالَة","english":"status","french":"état [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110416"},{"id":110417,"arabic":"رائحة كريهة","english":"stench / foul odour","french":"odeur nauséabonde [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110417"},{"id":110418,"arabic":"تَعْقِيم","english":"sterilisation","french":"stérilisation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110418"},{"id":110419,"arabic":"مُؤشِّر الحمأة المخلوطة","english":"stirred sludge volume index (SSVI)","french":"indice de boues avec agitation [m.]","description":"خارج قسمة حجم الحمأة على تركيز الجوامد الجافة الموجودة في الحمأة مُقاساً في أسطوانة خلط. (DIN EN 14702-2:2006). الاختصار باللغة الألمانية: ISV#M/#","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110419"},{"id":110420,"arabic":"مَدَدٌ عاصِف","english":"storm runoff","french":"débit d’averses [m.]","description":"التيار الراشح المُرتبط بسطح الغشاء، وتُعطى قيمة الفيض عادةً باللتر لكل متر مُربع وبالساعة. ويرتبط الفيض بشكل أساسي بنوعية مياه الصرف الصحيّ، ونوع الغشاء المُركب، وطريقة الترشيح، ودرجة الضغط عبر الأغشية. وحدة القياس: لتر/(م2·ساعة). (DIN EN 12255-14:2004)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110420"},{"id":110421,"arabic":"مفيض تصريف مياه الأمطار","english":"stormwater overflow","french":"déversoir d'orage [m.]","description":"تجهيزة في محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، تقوم بتصريف الفائض من المحطة هيدرولياً. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110421"},{"id":110422,"arabic":"تصريف فائض مياه الأمطار","english":"stormwater overflow discharge","french":"surverse de déversoir d’orage [f.] / surverse d'orage [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110422"},{"id":110423,"arabic":"تفرُّع (النهر)","english":"stream bifurcation","french":"division de rivière [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110423"},{"id":110424,"arabic":"مُنشأة فصل فائض مياه الأمطار","english":"structure, flow-dividing","french":"structure (ouvrage de séparation) [f.]","description":"مُنشأة لفصل الفائض من مياه الأمطار في حوض لمُعالجة هذه المياه (مُزودة بمفيض). الصيغة المُختصرة: TB (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110424"},{"id":110425,"arabic":"صَرْف راجع","english":"submerged flow","french":"écoulement retenu [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110425"},{"id":110426,"arabic":"عيّنة ثانوية","english":"subsample","french":"sous-échantillon [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110426"},{"id":110427,"arabic":"مادة أليفة الشحم","english":"substance, lipophile","french":"substance lipophile [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110427"},{"id":110428,"arabic":"مادة سامة","english":"substances, toxic (pl.)","french":"substance, toxic (pl.)","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110428"},{"id":110429,"arabic":"استهلاك المواد المغذية لأكسجين","english":"substrate oxygen consumption","french":"consommation d'oxygène du substrat [f.]","description":"استهلاك الأكسجين الذي تتنفسه ميكروبات عملية التحلّل البيولوجي للمواد الأساسية. رمز المُعادلات: S\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110429"},{"id":110430,"arabic":"تنفس المواد المغذية","english":"substrate respiration","french":"respiration du substrat [f.]","description":"استهلاك الكائنات الحيّة الدقيقة للأكسجين في عملية التحلّل البيولوجي للمواد الأساسية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110430"},{"id":110431,"arabic":"سائل رائقٍ","english":"supernatant liquor","french":"liquide surnageant [m.]","description":"مياه الحمأة المُتبقية فوق المواد الصلبة المُترسبة في خزان ما. (انظر: [عصارة طافية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110433))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110431"},{"id":110432,"arabic":"سائل رائقٍ","english":"supernatant liquor","french":"liquide surnageant [m.]","description":"(انظر: ماء مُلوث)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110432"},{"id":110433,"arabic":"عصارة طافية","english":"supernatant liquid","french":"liquide surnageant [m.]","description":"عُصارة الحمأة الطافية أعلى المادة الصلبة المُترسبة في خزان. (انظر: سائل رائقٍ) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110433"},{"id":110434,"arabic":"سَطْح (ال...) النوعيّ لمادة الأساس","english":"support media specific surface","french":"surface spécifique d'un matériau de garnissage [f.]","description":"المُتغيّر الخصائصي لمادة الأساس، والذي يتم التعبير عنه من خلال المساحة لكل وحدة حجمية، حيث يُحسب هذا المُتغيّر تحت شروط مُحددة: على سبيل المثال، مع وجود مادة بدون رقاقة حيوية (بيوفيلم). رمز المُعادلات: m2/m3 (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110434"},{"id":110435,"arabic":"مُعدَّل التحميل السطحيّ","english":"surface flow rate / surface loading rate","french":"charge volumique superficielle [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة التصريف على مساحة سطح محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ. وحدة القياس: متر3/(متر2 · الساعة). مثال: حجم مياه الصرف الصحيّ أو الحمأة التي تتم مُعالجتها لكل وحدة زمنية منسوباً إلى سطح كل جزء من أجزاء المنظومة الخاضع للمُراقبة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110435"},{"id":110436,"arabic":"تغذية","english":"surface loading rate","french":"vitesse de traitement de surface [f.] / charge superficielle [f.]","description":"كمية التدفق التراكمي من المياه المُرتبطة بكم أو مساحة مُعينة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110436"},{"id":110437,"arabic":"لُفافة سطحية","english":"surface roller","french":"rouleau de surface [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110437"},{"id":110438,"arabic":"ناتج نوعيّ من الحمأة الزائدة","english":"surplus sludge production, specific","french":"production spécifique de boues en excès [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة مُعدل الدفق الكتلي من المادة القابلة للترسيب المحتواة في الحمأة الزائدة على حجم الاحتياج البيولوجي من الأكسجين في خمسة أيام BOD5 وحدة القياس:كجم/كجم. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110438"},{"id":110439,"arabic":"مُحتوى المواد الجافة في الحمأة الزائدة","english":"surplus sludge solids concentration","french":"teneur en substances sèches dans la boue en excès [f.]","description":"كمية المواد الجافة الموجودة في الحمأة الزائدة. رمز المُعادلات: TSÜS (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110439"},{"id":110440,"arabic":"مواد عالقة","english":"suspended solids (SS) (pl.)","french":"matières en suspension (MES) (pl.) [f.]","description":"المواد غير المُتحللة العالقة بمياه الصرف الصحي، والتي يمكن إزالتها من مياه الصرف الصحي عن طريق عملية فلترة. (انظر: [مواد صُلبة عالقة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110441)، حمل الجرف)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110440"},{"id":110441,"arabic":"مواد صُلبة عالقة","english":"suspended solids (SS) (pl.)","french":"matières en suspension (MES) (pl.) [f.]","description":"درجة تركيز المواد الصلبة المُنفصلة والتي يتم تجفيفها في ظروف مُحددة، ويجري الحصول عليها عادةً بواسطة الترشيح أو بواسطة الطرد المركزيّ. وحدة القياس: ملِّي جرام/لتر، جرام/متر3 (انظر: مواد قابلة لِلْفَلْتَرة، حمل الجرف) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110441"},{"id":110442,"arabic":"نِظام تحوْصب وتخثُّر","english":"system for flocculation and coagulation","french":"installation de floculation et de coagulation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110442"},{"id":110443,"arabic":"نظام تحسين تجفيف الحمأة","english":"system for optimisation of sludge dewatering","french":"système d'optimisation de déshydratation des boues [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110443"},{"id":110444,"arabic":"نِظام للتناضُح العكسيّ","english":"system for reversed osmosis","french":"installation pour osmose inverse [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110444"},{"id":110445,"arabic":"جِهاز يعمل بالأشعة فوق البنفسجية","english":"system for ultraviolet radiation","french":"installation pour rayonnement ultraviolet [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110445"},{"id":110446,"arabic":"نِظام الترشيح بالقُماش","english":"system, cloth filter","french":"installation avec filtres en tissu [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110446"},{"id":110447,"arabic":"نِظام ترابط يعمل بالطاقة الحرارية","english":"system, heat energy coupling","french":"installation chaleur-force","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110447"},{"id":110448,"arabic":"سرعة الجريان في القاع","english":"tank floor flow velocity","french":"vitesse d'écoulement de la couche limite [f.]; vitesse de fond [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110448"},{"id":110449,"arabic":"حوض دائري (لمُعالجة مياه الصرف)","english":"tank, circular","french":"bassin circulaire [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110449"},{"id":110450,"arabic":"حوض (ترسيب) الحمأة","english":"tank, sludge","french":"bassin de boue","description":"حوض يتم فيه استخلاصُ المياه بطريقة طبيعية من الحمأة المُستقرة. (انظر: [حَوْض الحمأة](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109025)) (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110450"},{"id":110451,"arabic":"مَدْبَغة","english":"tannery","french":"tannerie [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110451"},{"id":110452,"arabic":"حَمْأَة المرحلة الثالثة","english":"tertiary sludge","french":"boue tertiaire [f.]","description":"الحمأة الناتجة عن المرحلة الثالثة في عملية مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي. (DIN EN 12832:1999)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110452"},{"id":110453,"arabic":"رابع كلوريد البنزول (ديوكسين)","english":"tetrachlorodibenzodioxin","french":"dioxine TCDD [f.]","description":"من الملوثات طويلة الأمد والسامة للغاية، تسمى اختصاراً 'الديوكسين'. الاختصار:TCDD (انظر: [دِيوكْسِين](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=109951))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110453"},{"id":110454,"arabic":"مُدة الاحتجاز النظرية","english":"Theoretical retention time / nominal residence time","french":"temps de rétention théorique [m.] / temps de séjour nominal [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110454"},{"id":110455,"arabic":"طبقة وسطى حارّة","english":"thermocline [f.]","french":"thermocline","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110455"},{"id":110456,"arabic":"مُغلَّظ","english":"thickener","french":"épaississeur [m.]","description":"في محطات مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، تجهيزة تُستخدم لتغليظ قوام الحمأة، ويجري ذلك عادةً عن طريق صرف المياه منها.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110456"},{"id":110457,"arabic":"عَاصِفَة رعْدِيَّة","english":"thunderstorm","french":"orage [m.]","description":"حجم الغاز الحيوي في حالة الاستقرار اللاهوائيّ للحمأة الذي يتحقق نظرياً، ارتباطاً بكتلة الكربون العضويّ المُركّب. (انظر: الكمية النظرية للغاز الحيويّ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110457"},{"id":110458,"arabic":"طريق المَدْر","english":"tideway","french":"écoulement de marée [m.]","description":"(انظر: [ناتج تقنيّ (فعليّ) للغاز الحيوي](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=106019))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110458"},{"id":110459,"arabic":"جِدار القدمة الخلفية","english":"toe wall","french":"parafouille [m.]","description":"مضخة تُستخدم خصيصاً – بسب تصميمها – لضخ السوائل كثيفة القوام، وشديدة اللزوجة، مثل الحمأة ومياه الصرف الصحيّ في محطات المُعالجة.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110459"},{"id":110460,"arabic":"كربون كليّ","english":"total carbon","french":"carbone total [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110460"},{"id":110461,"arabic":"كلور كليّ","english":"total chlorine","french":"chlore total [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110461"},{"id":110462,"arabic":"نتروجين كلي","english":"total nitrogen","french":"azote total [m.]","description":"مجموع تركيزات ناتج عملية 'كلداهل' لقياس نسبة الأكسجين مع نيتريت النتروجين ونترات النتروجين. رمز المُعادلات: (ges\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110462"},{"id":110463,"arabic":"احتياج أقصى من الأكجسين","english":"total oxygen demand","french":"demande totale d'oxygène (DTO) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110463"},{"id":110464,"arabic":"فسفور كليّ","english":"total phosphorus","french":"phosphore total [m.]","description":"تركيز مجموع الفسفور المُتحد عضوياً ولاعضوياً. رمز المُعادلات: tot3.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110464"},{"id":110465,"arabic":"عامِل الجريان الإجماليّ","english":"total runoff coefficient","french":"coefficient d’écoulement global [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110465"},{"id":110466,"arabic":"سُميَّة حادة","english":"toxicity, acute","french":"toxicité aiguë [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110466"},{"id":110467,"arabic":"حَصْباء","english":"trappings, grit chamber","french":"retenue de grilles","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110467"},{"id":110468,"arabic":"حاجِز مُتحرِّك","english":"travelling screen","french":"paroi flottant [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110468"},{"id":110469,"arabic":"صَرْف محطة مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"treated sewage effluent","french":"Effluent d’eau usée [m.]","description":"مياه الصرف الصحي الناتجة عن المرحلة الأخيرة لعملية المُعالجة. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110469"},{"id":110470,"arabic":"مرحلة المُعالجة الأولى (لمياه الصرف الصحي)","english":"treatment (of sewage), primary","french":"traitement primaire (des eaux d'égouts) [m.]","description":"(انظر: مَرْحلة المعالجة الأولى)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110470"},{"id":110471,"arabic":"مرحلة المُعالَجة الثانية (لمياه الصرف الصحي)","english":"treatment (of sewage), secondary","french":"traitement secondaire (des eaux d'égouts) [m.]","description":"(انظر: مَرْحلة المعالجة الثانية)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110471"},{"id":110472,"arabic":"مَرْحلة المُعالَجة الثالثة (لمياه الصرف الصحي)","english":"treatment (of sewage), tertiary","french":"traitement tertiaire (des eaux d'égouts) [m.]","description":"(انظر: مَرْحلة المعالجة الثالثة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110472"},{"id":110473,"arabic":"مُعالَجة فيزيائية - كيميائية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"treatment of wastewater, physico-chemical","french":"traitement physico-chimique des eaux usées [m.]","description":"مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ عن طريق إضافة مُركّبات كيميائية. وعند إزالة الفوسفور من مياه الصرف الصحيّ بالطريقة الكيميائية-الفيزيائية يحدث في البداية ترسيب للفوسفات نتيجة إضافة مادة الترسيب (خطوة فرعية كيميائية). ونتيجة لاستخدام الأملاح المعدنية يحدث تبادل أنيوني في الماء. وتكوّن أنيونات الفوسفات مُركّبات غير قابلة للذوبان مع الكاتيونات المعدنية، بحيث يبدأ حدوث التندف، وبالتالي تصل الأنيونات الموجودة في مواد الترسيب إلى الماء. ويمكن أن يتم فصل لاحق للندف الدقيقة بواسطة الترسيب أو الطفو أو الترشيح، وما إلى ذلك. وتُعد الندف وعمليات فصل الندف بمثابة عمليات جزئية فيزيائية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110473"},{"id":110474,"arabic":"زمن المُعالَجة","english":"treatment time","french":"durée de rétention [f.] / durée de traitement [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110474"},{"id":110475,"arabic":"تَنْقية لاحقة (متقدمة)","english":"treatment, advanced","french":"épuration poussée tertiaire [f.]","description":"البقايا التي تتخلّف بعد تعرّض عينة مُجففة من قبل على درجة حرارة 105 °C للهب (يصل إلى 550 °C تقريباً).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110475"},{"id":110476,"arabic":"تَنْقية بيولوجية","english":"treatment, biological","french":"épuration biologique [f.] / traitement biologique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110476"},{"id":110477,"arabic":"مُعالَجة بيولوجية مُتعددة المراحل","english":"treatment, multistage biological","french":"traitement biologique multi-étage [m.]","description":"سلسلة من المراحل المُتشابهة أو المُختلفة لإجراء مُعالجة بيولوجية ذات تجمعات حيوية مُختلفة. (انظر: [مُعالَجة بيولوجية مُتعددة المراحل لمياه الصرف الصحيّ](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110478)) (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110477"},{"id":110478,"arabic":"مُعالَجة بيولوجية مُتعددة المراحل لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"treatment, multistage, biological wastewater / multistage biological treatment","french":"traitement biologique multi-étage [m.]","description":"تفعيل مراحل مُتتالية، تكون مُتماثلة أو مُختلفة، لعمليات بيولوجية ذات جماعات حيوية مُختلفة. (انظر: مُعالجة بيولوجية مُتعددة المراحل). (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110478"},{"id":110479,"arabic":"معالَجة التيار الجزئيّ","english":"treatment, partial flow","french":"traitement des courants partiels [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110479"},{"id":110480,"arabic":"مَرْحلة المُعالجة الثانية","english":"treatment, secondary","french":"traitement secondaire [m.]","description":"المرحلة البيولوجية من عملية مُعالجة مياه الصرف، مثلاً باستخدام الحمأة المُنشطة أو عن طريق طرق مُعالجة أخرى (غير بيولوجية). (انظر: مَرْحلة المُعالَجة الثانية (لمياه الصرف))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110480"},{"id":110481,"arabic":"مرحلة المُعالجة الثالثة","english":"treatment, tertiary / treatment, advanced","french":"traitement tertiaire [m.]","description":"طرق مُعالجة إضافية، تجري خلال المُعالجة الأوّلية والبيولوجية، لإزالة النيتروجين أو الفوسفور، وتشمل كذلك عمليات المُعالجة اللاحقة والتعقيم والترشيح. (انظر: المُعالجة المُتقدمة لمياه الصرف الصحيّ) (انظر: مَرْحلة المُعالَجة الثالثة)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110481"},{"id":110482,"arabic":"عُمْق الخندق","english":"trench depth","french":"profondeur de tranchée [f.]","description":"البُعد الرأسي بين قاع الخندق والسطح. (DIN EN 1610:1997)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110482"},{"id":110483,"arabic":"طريقة الإنشاء دون حفر خنادق","english":"trenchless construction technique","french":"technique de mise en œuvre sans tranchée [f.]","description":"طريقة لتمديد خطوط الأنابيب في التربة دون حاجة إلى حفر خنادق لها. (DIN EN 12889:2000)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110483"},{"id":110484,"arabic":"مُوزِّع مرشح تقطير","english":"trickling filter distributor; biological filter distributor","french":"distributeur des lits bactériens [m.]","description":"DIN EN 1085 (5/2007) : تجهيزة تعمل على توزيع مياه الصرف بالتساوي على مُرشح تقطير، مثال ذلك: الموزع الدوَّار والموزع السيَّار.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110484"},{"id":110485,"arabic":"مُرشح النض ذو الشرائح","english":"tricklng filter","french":"lit bactérien à disques [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110485"},{"id":110486,"arabic":"سَدٌ بدعائم جمالونية","english":"truss buttress dam","french":"mur de barrage à pile en treillis [m.]","description":"كمية الغاز الحيوي المرتبطةً بحجم التفاعل في يوم واحد. (DIN 4045:2003)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110486"},{"id":110487,"arabic":"ذُو مرحلتين","english":"two-stage; double","french":"en deux phases","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110487"},{"id":110488,"arabic":"رَقْم هيدروجينيّ نِهائيّ","english":"ultimate pH","french":"valeur pH limite [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110488"},{"id":110489,"arabic":"ترشيح زائد","english":"ultra-filtration","french":"ultrafiltration [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110489"},{"id":110490,"arabic":"فتحات سفلى","english":"undersluice; scouring sluice","french":"écluse libre [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110490"},{"id":110491,"arabic":"مجرى غير مستقر","english":"unstable channel","french":"conduit instable[m.]","description":"مجرى غير مُبطن، يتعّرض للإطماء والنحر لفترات طويلة. الاتحاد الألماني لإدارة المياه والهندسة الزراعية (DVWK): 1983))","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110491"},{"id":110492,"arabic":"عامِل التطبيق","english":"utilisation factor","french":"facteur d'utilisation [m.]","description":"قيمة بيانية مُميزة للمؤثرات المشروطة بالتشغيل على وحدات الإدارة والتشغيل وما شابهها أثناء عملها. ويحتوي عامل التطبيق عادةً على بيانات مُباشرة أو غير مُباشرة خاصة بالتحميل وزمن التشغيل ودرجة الحرارة، وهو قيمة إجمالية للعلاقة بين قابلية التحميل ودرجة التحميل. رمز المُعادلات: A\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110492"},{"id":110493,"arabic":"أشعة فوق البنفسجية","english":"UV irradiation; UV radiation","french":"irradiation aux rayons ultra-violets [f.]; exposition aux ultra-violets [f.]; rayonnement UV [m.]","description":"أشعة كهرمغنطيسية لا تُرى بالعين البشرية، تسمى أيضاً 'الموجات فوق البنفسجية'","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110493"},{"id":110494,"arabic":"جفنة تبخير","english":"vaporization dish; evaporation cell","french":"capsule d'évaporation [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110494"},{"id":110495,"arabic":"بَرْبَخٌ عقدي","english":"Vaulted passage","french":"passage voûté [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110495"},{"id":110496,"arabic":"سُرعة الاقتراب","english":"velocity of approach","french":"vitesse d’amenée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110496"},{"id":110497,"arabic":"أوانٍ خزفية","english":"vitrified clay / stoneware","french":"grès vernis [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110497"},{"id":110498,"arabic":"حِِمل (ال...) الحَجْميّ لنقص الأكسجين الحيويّ","english":"volume load of BOD","french":"charge volumique en DBO [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110498"},{"id":110499,"arabic":"حِمْل حَجْميّ","english":"volumetric load","french":"volumetric charge","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110499"},{"id":110500,"arabic":"محلول قَلَوي مُصرّف","english":"waste liquor; spent lyetic","french":"lessive épuisée [f.]; lessive résiduaire [f.]","description":"محلول قلوي غير تفاعلي، ومُلوّث جزئياً بفعل مُكوّنات المُنتج، يُمكن استعماله في بعض العمليات الصناعية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110500"},{"id":110501,"arabic":"مَنْفَذ لتصريف المياه الفائضة","english":"waste outlet / dewatering outlet","french":"canal de décharge de l’eau en excès [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110501"},{"id":110502,"arabic":"مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater","french":"eaux usées [f.]","description":"مجموع كل من مياه الصرف المنزلية ومياه الصرف الصناعية. 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(انظر: استعادة مياه نقية من الصرف الصحيّ).","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110519"},{"id":110520,"arabic":"رَشُّ مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater sprinkling","french":"arrosage en pluie des eaux usées [m.]","description":"إمكانية للاستفادة من مياه الصرف الصحيّ في الأغراض الزراعية، حيث يتم رش مياه الصرف الصحي المُعالجة، باستخدام نظام الري بالرش.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110520"},{"id":110521,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment","french":"traitement des eaux usées [m.]","description":"كافة التقنيات والأساليب والوسائل التي تعمل بهدف تحويل ومُعالجة وإعادة استخدام مياه الصرف الصحي، وكذلك الحصول على المواد القابلة لإعادة الاستخدام منها، وخفض كمية مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110521"},{"id":110522,"arabic":"مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment","french":"épuration des eaux usées [f.]","description":"مصطلح عام يُشير إلى كافة التقنيات والأساليب التي تعمل على خفض مكوّنات مياه الصرف الصحي من خلال العمليات البيولوجية، والكيميائية و/أو الميكانيكية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110522"},{"id":110523,"arabic":"محطة مُعالَجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment plant","french":"station d'épuration des eaux usées [f.]","description":"مُنشأة لتنقية ومُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110523"},{"id":110524,"arabic":"محطة بيولوجية ميكانيكية لمعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment plant, mechanical-biological","french":"station d'épuration mécanique-biologique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110524"},{"id":110525,"arabic":"محطة مُتقدمة لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment system/plant, advanced","french":"installation d'épuration plus avancée des eaux usées [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110525"},{"id":110526,"arabic":"محطة مُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment works, sewage works, effluent treatment works","french":"installation de traitement des eaux usées [f.] / station d'épuration","description":"منظومة لمعالجة مياه الصرف الصحيّ، وتكون مُرتبطة أيضاً باستخدام وسائل أخرى لمعالجة هذه المياه.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110526"},{"id":110527,"arabic":"مُعالجة مُتقدمة لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment, advanced / wastewater treatment, tertiary / treatment, advanced / treatment, tertiary","french":"épuration avancée des eaux usées [f.] / traitement, tertiaire [m.]","description":"عملية أو مجموعة من العمليات التي لا تقتصر على المُعالجة العادية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ (التي تكون عادةً ميكانيكية-بيولوجية)، بل يتم فيها أيضاً القضاء بشكل خاص على معظم المواد المتبقية في الصرف من محطة المُعالجة الميكانيكية-البيولوجية.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110527"},{"id":110528,"arabic":"مُعالجة فيزيائية - كيميائية لمياه الصرف الصحيّ","english":"wastewater treatment, physical-chemical","french":"traitement des eaux usées, physico-chimique [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110528"},{"id":110529,"arabic":"مياه الصرف الزراعية","english":"wastewater, agricultural","french":"eaux usées agricoles (pl.) 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[f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110539"},{"id":110540,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ تحتوي على مواد مُشِعّة","english":"wastewater, radioactive","french":"eaux usées, radioactives (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110540"},{"id":110541,"arabic":"سيلاج مياه الصرف","english":"wastewater, silage","french":"eaux usées d'ensilages (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110541"},{"id":110542,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحي تحتوي على تتراسيكلين","english":"wastewater, tetracycline","french":"eaux résiduaires avec tétracycline (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110542"},{"id":110543,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ من مُنشآت تجارية","english":"wastewater, trade / effluent, trade / urban drainage system","french":"eau usée des commerces et services [f.] / eau résiduaire industrielle [f.]","description":"مياه الصرف الناتجة عن المُنشآت الصناعية والتجارية. (انظر: [مياه صرف صحيّ من مُنشآت صناعية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110535)) (DIN EN 752:2008)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110543"},{"id":110544,"arabic":"مياه صرف صحيّ مُعالَجة","english":"wastewater, treated","french":"eaux usée traitées (pl.) [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110544"},{"id":110545,"arabic":"شريط ملء فواصل (الوصلات)","english":"water bar; waterstop","french":"lame d'étanchéité; bande d'étanchéité","description":"1 - في مجال هندسة مياه الصرف، عملية لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي. 2 - بوجه عام: طريقة لتنظيف المنسوجات.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110545"},{"id":110546,"arabic":"هيئة إدارة وصيانة المُسطحات المائية","english":"water maintenance association","french":"association de l'entretien des eaux [f.]","description":"خارج قسمة الحجم الحقيقي لحوض هضم على المتوسط اليومي لمخزون الحمأة. مُلاحظة: عند استبعاد الماء المُتعفن، فإن زمن التخمّر يصبح أقصر من عُمر الحمأة في خزان الهضم. رمز المُعادلات: FB\r\n\t\t\t\t","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110546"},{"id":110547,"arabic":"نوعية المياه","english":"water quality","french":"qualité de cours d’eau [f.]","description":"(انظر: خَزَّان هَضْم)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110547"},{"id":110548,"arabic":"معالجة المياه","english":"water recovery/reclamation","french":"récupération d'eau [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110548"},{"id":110549,"arabic":"مياه نقية","english":"water, clean","french":"eau claire [f.] / eau clarifiée [f.] / eau décantée [f.]","description":"1- مياه جارية تحتوي على نسبة بسيطة من الرسابة و محتوى المواد الغذائية. وفي اللغة الدارجة توصف بالمياه الحرة. 2- مياه صرف مُعالجة، آمنة صحياً بشكل تام، إلا أنه ليس لها نفس جودة مياه الشرب.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110549"},{"id":110550,"arabic":"مياه مُعالَجة","english":"water, treated","french":"eau, traitée [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110550"},{"id":110551,"arabic":"مُتحمل للماء","english":"water-compatible","french":"compatible avec les eaux","description":"رشح ناتج من تصريف الحمأة، ويحتوي عموماً على نسبة مُنخفضة من المواد العضوية، وعلى نسبة عالية من النيتروجين. (انظر: سائل رائقٍ)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110551"},{"id":110552,"arabic":"سهل فيضيّ","english":"water-meadow","french":"plaine de cours d'eau [f.]","description":"منطقة من وادي يتباين فيها منسوب المياه الجوفية بشكل كبير على مدار العام، ويحدث ذلك أحياناً مع فيضان أوإطماء، وأحياناً أخرى مع مياه مُرتشحة راجعة. (انظر: [مجرى مائيّ مُنخفض له ضفة عالية](http://www.arabterm.org/index.php?id=3&L=1&tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=108315)) (DIN 4047-5:1989)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110552"},{"id":110553,"arabic":"حالة المُسطحات المائية","english":"waters condition","french":"état de cours d’eau [m.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110553"},{"id":110554,"arabic":"محطة معالجة بالنباتات","english":"wetlands / constructed wetland","french":"installation décantation végétale [f.] / lagunage [m.] / marais artificiel [m.]","description":"مُنشأة شبه طبيعية لمُعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي، وفيها تُستخدم نباتات مُستنقعية لدعم عمل الجراثيم في التربة الحصوية والرملية. (DIN EN 1085:2007)","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110554"},{"id":110555,"arabic":"كسب","english":"yield (finan.)","french":"bénéfice [m.]","description":"درجة التحلل الفعلية لتعفن حمأة مياه الصرف الصحي.","uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110555"},{"id":110556,"arabic":"ناتج الغاز الحيويّ النظريّ","english":"yield of digester gas, theoretical","french":"production de gaz de digestion, théorique [f.]","description":null,"uri":"http://arabterm.org/index.php?tx_3m5techdict_pi1[id]=110556"}]}